2024届安徽省黄山市高三毕业班第一次质量检测（一模）英语试题（含答案解析）

黄山市2024届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Drawheramap.B.Bringheracomputer.C.Showheraroundthecampus.2.Whichprojectdidthemanfinish?A.Themathsone.B.Thehistoryone.C.Thegeographyone.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemaneat?A.Salads.B.Burgers.C.Soup.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrow?A.Walkbytheriver.B.Haveapicnic.C.Relaxonthebeach.5.Whatdoestheman’smotherdonow?A.She’sateacher.B.She’sacook.C.She’sawriter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdothespeakersbothlikeaboutthestory?A.Thecharacters.B.Thewritingstyle.C.Theending.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Strangers.C.Husbandandwife.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamuseum.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.9.Whatdayisittoday?AMonday.B.Tuesday.C.Friday.10.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Haveawait.B.Makeareservation.C.Comebacktomorrow.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomanusuallydointhepark?A.Sheplaystennis.B.Shehasawalk.C.Shetakesabikeride.12.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheskateparkbytheschool?A.It’snewer.B.It’slarger.C.It’squieter.13.Whyisthemanunabletoskatetoday?A.Hisfoothurts.B.Heisquitebusy.C.Theparkisfullofpeople.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhyisthewomanswimmingdowntheAmazonRiver?A.Toraisemoneyforcharity.B.Tobreakaworldrecord.C.Topromoteanactivity.15.Whatisthewomanworriedaboutduringherswim?A.Havingillnesses.B.Meetingdangerousfish.C.Gettinghungry.16.Whowillbewiththewomanduringhertrip?A.Hermum.B.Herdad.C.Herbestfriend.17.Whatwillthewomanandherteamdowhiletravelling?A.Filmadocumentary.B.Attendalocalfestival.C.Dovolunteerwork.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howoftenwilltheclassbeheld?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.19.Whoistheclassfor?A.Teachers.B.Children.C.Parents.20.WhatwillMr.Jacksondolater?A.Makeaspeech.B.Giveoutsomegifts.C.Invitesomeguests.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABooksforchildrenCyrilandPatbyEmilyGravettThiscleverpicturebookshowsyoungerreadersthecharmingfriendshipbetweenCyril,asquirrelandPat,whoisn’t.Theirfriendshipispowerfulandshowschildrenthatit’sworthstickingupforthoseyoucareabout.Withvividillustrationsoflife,leavesandflowers,anunexpectedworldisbroughttolife,andit’stheonethatyoungerreaderswilldelightiexploringeverytimetheyvisitapark.NoOneIsAngryTodaybyToonTellegenFollowingaseriesofforestanimalfriendsthroughtheireverydaylives,thesestoriesexaminewhywedothethingswedoandhowwefeelaboutouractions.Thebrevity,clarityandhighqualityoftheseshortstoriesalsomakethemusefultextstostudyinliteracylessons,particularlyintermsofviewpointandwritingstyles.TheMidnightPantherbyPoonamMistryPantherfeelsoutofplaceandtakesanadventureinthejungletoovercomechallenges,conquerhisinsecuritiesandfindoutwherehebelongs.TheMidnightPantherisanoutstandinglyillustratedandmagicalfablepicturebook.Theatmosphericstorytellingmakesthisbookajoytoreadaloudtoaclassandthebreathtakingimaginationlendsitselftoinspiringchildren’screativewriting.FionatheFruitBatbyDanRiskinFionaisthefruitbatwhoisafraidofthedark,afraidoftheunknownandafraidtotryflight.Butcalmingandconfidence-buildingwordsfromhermothershowherway.Agoodbooktohelpchildrendealwithnewandunfamiliarsituations.Readingthiswillnotonlyteachthemaboutovercomingfear,butalsothesciencebehindecholocationandlivesoffruitbats.1.WhatdoweknowaboutCyrilandPat?A.Theyaregoodfriends. B.Theyarebothsquirrels.C.Theyenjoycollectingleaves. D.Theyoftenvisitremoteparks.2.Whichbookisgoodforchildren’screativewriting?A.CyrilandPat. B.FionatheFruitBat.C.NoOneIsAngryToday. D.TheMidnightPanther.3.WhatdoesFionatheFruitBatteachchildren?A.Howtocoexistwithwildlife. B.Howtohandlenewsituations.C.Howtogetonwiththeirmother. D.Howtodevelopaninterestinscience.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几本适合孩子阅读的好书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ThiscleverpicturebookshowsyoungerreadersthecharmingfriendshipbetweenCyril,asquirrelandPat,whoisn’t.(这本聪明的绘本向年轻的读者展示了松鼠西里尔和帕特之间迷人的友谊。)”可知，西里尔和帕特是好朋友。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Theatmosphericstorytellingmakesthisbookajoytoreadaloudtoaclassandthebreathtakingimaginationlendsitselftoinspiringchildren’screativewriting.(有神秘感的故事叙述使这本书在课堂上大声朗读是一种乐趣，令人惊叹的想象力有助于激发孩子们的创造性写作。)”可知，《午夜黑豹》对孩子们的创意写作很有帮助。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Agoodbooktohelpchildrendealwithnewandunfamiliarsituations.(一本帮助孩子们处理新的和不熟悉的情况的好书。)”可知，《果蝠菲奥娜》教孩子们如何处理新情况。故选B。BMyPh.D.(博士学位)adviserhadencouragedmetotakeavacation.SoIwassittingatanairportrestaurant,whenIreceivedtheemail.ItinformedmeIhadfailedmyqualifyingexamonmysecondattempt,whichmeantdismissalfromtheprogram.Iknewthingshadn’tgoneperfectly.ButIwasstillshocked.Howwasitpossiblethatoneexamcoulderaseallmyothersuccessesanddefinemeasunfittobeascientist?Iwasn’tsurewhattoexpectwhenIstartedmyPh.D.program.Asafirst-generationcollegegraduate,Ididn’thavefamilymemberswhocouldtellmewhatitwaslike.Ihadputinalotofeffort,butitdidn’tseemtopayoffduringmyfirstyear.Iendedthatyearwithincreasedconfidence,eagertoputmynewfoundknowledgeintoaction.Butmyconfidencetookaplungeshortlythereafter,whenImademyfirstattemptatthequalifyingexam.Ihadnevertakenapresentationbefore,sotheexperiencewasterrifying.Istoodinfrontofmyexamcommittee.Onceitwasover,mycommitteetoldmeI’dconditionallypassed,whichmeantI’dhaveonemorechance.Forthenext2months,Idideverythinginmypowertoprepare.Whentheexamwasover,Ilefttheroomfeelingamixoffearandrelief.Butthosefeelingschangedtofrustrationthenextday,afterIlearnedI’dfailed.Butsoon,thingsstartedtochange.Afteraseriesofmeetings,facultymembers(全体教师)decidedtodoawaywiththequalifyingexamstructureI’dstruggledwith.Studentswouldbeaskedquestions,sothatfacultycouldlearnmoreabouttheirknowledgeandprovideconstructivefeedback.Asaresult,I’mnowbacktoworkingontheprogram.ItrytostayfocusedonbecomingthebestscientistIcanbe.Intheend,Iammuchmorethanthatone-hourexam.4.Whatwastheauthorinformedofintheemail?A.HisPh.D.adviserwouldleavehisprogram.B.Hewaspermittedtotakeaholidaytorelax.C.Hedidn’tperformwelltopassthequalifyingexam.D.Hisresearchprojecthadachievedremarkableresults.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthisfirstyearonthePh.D.program?A.Itwasboring. B.Itwashopeful. C.Itwasenjoyable. D.Itwaschallenging.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“tookaplunge”inparagraph3mean?A.Paidoff. B.Failedsomebody. C.Experiencedadecline. D.Continuedtogrow.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthechange?A.Studentswouldnotbedefinedbyoneexam.B.Studentsdon’tneedtoattendqualifyingexams.C.Standardsforqualifiedscientistshavebeensimplified.D.Studentswouldbegivenspecialsupportfromcollege.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“SoIwassittingatanairportrestaurant,whenIreceivedtheemail.ItinformedmeIhadfailedmyqualifyingexamonmysecondattempt,whichmeantdismissalfromtheprogram.(当我收到这封邮件时，我正坐在机场的一家餐厅里。它告诉我，我在第二次考试中没有通过资格考试，这意味着我被除名了。)”可知，作者在电子邮件中得知自己表现不好，没能通过资格考试。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Iwasn’tsurewhattoexpectwhenIstartedmyPh.D.program.Asafirst-generationcollegegraduate,Ididn’thavefamilymemberswhocouldtellmewhatitwaslike.Ihadputinalotofeffort,butitdidn’tseemtopayoffduringmyfirstyear.(当我开始攻读博士学位时，我不确定会发生什么。作为第一代大学毕业生，我没有家人能告诉我那是什么感觉。我付出了很多努力，但第一年似乎并没有得到回报。)”可知，作者认为自己博士项目的第一年很有挑战性。故选D。6题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Iendedthatyearwithincreasedconfidence,eagertoputmynewfoundknowledgeintoaction(那一年结束了，我信心大增，渴望把我新学到的知识付诸行动。)”可知，一年结束作者信心大增，划线词前的But表示转折，因此推断画线句句意为：但此后不久，当我第一次尝试参加资格考试时，我的信心大跌。所以画线词的含义是“下降，衰退”。A.Paidoff得到了回报；B.Failedsomebody辜负了某人；C.Experiencedadecline经历了衰退；D.Continuedtogrow持续增长。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“Afteraseriesofmeetings,facultymembersdecidedtodoawaywiththequalifyingexamstructureI’dstruggledwith.Studentswouldbeaskedquestions,sothatfacultycouldlearnmoreabouttheirknowledgeandprovideconstructivefeedback.(经过一系列的会议，教师们决定取消我一直纠结的资格考试结构。学生将被问及问题，这样教师就可以更多地了解他们的知识，并提供建设性的反馈。)”和最后一段中“ItrytostayfocusedonbecomingthebestscientistIcanbe.Intheend,Iammuchmorethanthatone-hourexam.(我努力专注于成为我所能成为的最好的科学家。最后，我比那一个小时的考试要重要得多。)”可知，从作者的经历，我们可以得知学生不会被一次考试所定义。故选A。CWhyaresomepeoplemoremotivatedtohandledifficultthings?Andisthereawaytomakedoingdifficultthingseasy?Toanswerthequestion,weneedtolookatthis:dopamine(多巴胺).Dopaminegivesusthemotivationtogetupanddostuff.Infact,yourbraindevelopsprioritiesinlargepartbasedonhowmuchdopamineit’sexpectingtoget.Ifanactivityreleasestoolittledopamine,youwon’thavemuchmotivationtodoit.Butifanactivityreleasesalotofdopamine,you’llbemotivatedtorepeatit,overandover.Sowhichbehaviorreleasesdopamine?Anyactivitywhereyouanticipatethere’sapotentialrewardreleasesit.Andintoday’sdigitalsociety,wearefloodingourbrainswithunnaturallyhighamountsofdopamineonadailybasis,evenifwedon’tknowit.Someexamplesofhighdopaminebehaviorinclude:scrollingthroughsocialmediawebsites,playingvideogames,etc.Andyoumightthink,“Sowhat?Itwon’tharmmeinanyway.Butyou’dbewrong.Wheneveranimbalanceoccurs,ourbodyadaptstoitandthosehighlevelsofdopaminebecameyournewroutine.Thusyoudevelopadopaminetolerance.Thiscanbeharmfulbecausethethingsthatdon’tgiveyouasmuchdopaminedon’tinterestyouanylonger.That’swhypeoplepreferplayingvideogamesorbrowsingtheInternet,comparedwithstudyingorworking.Butitispossibletomakedoingdifficultthingsfeeleasier.Separateyourselffromtheunnaturallyhighamountsofdopamine,oratleastexposeyourselftoitfarlessfrequently.Onlythenwilllowdopamineactivitiesbecomeexcitingagain.That’swhyyoumightwanttolimityourphoneandcomputerusage.Wearealldopamineaddicts.Andthat’sagoodthingbecausedopaminemotivatesustoachieveourgoals.Butit’suptoyoutodecidewhereyouaregoingtogetyourdopamine.Areyougoingtogetitfromthingsthatdon’tbenefityouorfromworkingonyourlong-termgoals?Thechoiceisyours.8.Whenisdopaminereleased?A.Whenwegetupanddostuff. B.Whenwetakepleasureinthebehavior.C.Whenpossiblebenefitscanbeobtained. D.Whendifficultthingscomeintobeing.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Dopaminedoesgreatharmtoourbody.B.It’shardforourbodytokeepthebalance.C.Dopaminetolerancekeepsusawayfromgames.D.Videogamesproducemoredopaminethanstudy.10.Whatisthepurposeofthefifthparagraph?A.Tooffersolutionstodopaminetolerance. B.Tointroducetheeffectsofdopamine.C.Toexplainwhydopamineisharmful. D.Tostresstheimportanceofdopamine.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowarddopamine?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Supportive. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了多巴胺和我们的动力以及数字社会中高多巴胺行为对人们的影响。高多巴胺行为会让人们越来越依赖它，导致对一些低多巴胺行为的兴趣下降，影响学习或工作。文章建议减少高多巴胺行为的频率，让日常的低多巴胺行为变得更有吸引力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sowhichbehaviorreleasesdopamine?Anyactivitywhereyouanticipatethere’sapotentialrewardreleasesit.(那么哪种行为会释放多巴胺呢？任何你预期有潜在奖励的活动都会释放它。)”可知，任何可能获得奖励的活动，会释放多巴胺。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thiscanbeharmfulbecausethethingsthatdon’tgiveyouasmuchdopaminedon’tinterestyouanylonger.That’swhypeoplepreferplayingvideogamesorbrowsingtheInternet,comparedwithstudyingorworking.(这可能是有害的，因为不能给你那么多多巴胺的事情不再让你感兴趣。这就是为什么与学习或工作相比，人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网。)”可知，不能一直让你产生多巴胺的活动则不会在让你感兴趣，这也就是为什么学习或者从事自己的业务比不上游戏或者上网，因为游戏或者上网可以一直让你产生多巴胺，即电子游戏比学习产生更多的多巴胺。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Separateyourselffromtheunnaturallyhighamountsofdopamine,oratleastexposeyourselftoitfarlessfrequently.Onlythenwilllowdopamineactivitiesbecomeexcitingagain.That’swhyyoumightwanttolimityourphoneandcomputerusage.(让自己远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。只有这样低多巴胺的活动才会再次变得令人兴奋。这就是你可能想要限制手机和电脑的使用的原因。)”可知，本段主要强调的是如何避免或者解决多巴胺的耐受问题即远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。故本段的目的是为多巴胺耐受性提供解决方案。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Thusyoudevelopadopaminetolerance.Thiscanbeharmfulbecausethethingsthatdon’tgiveyouasmuchdopaminedon’tinterestyouanylonger.That’swhypeoplepreferplayingvideogamesorbrowsingtheInternet,comparedwithstudyingorworking.(因此，你会产生多巴胺耐受性。这可能是有害的，因为不能给你那么多多巴胺的事情不再让你感兴趣。这就是为什么与学习或工作相比，人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网。)”以及最后一段中“Wearealldopamineaddicts.Andthat’sagoodthingbecausedopaminemotivatesustoachieveourgoals.Butit’suptoyoutodecidewhereyouaregoingtogetyourdopamine.(我们都是多巴胺成瘾者。这是一件好事，因为多巴胺会激励我们实现目标。但从哪里获得多巴胺取决于你自己。)”可知，作者指出多巴胺可以激励我们实现目标，提高自我，可是同时容易出现多巴胺耐受状况，出现游戏、网络上瘾最终舍弃自己的学习或者业务，因此作者对多巴胺的态度是客观的。故选B。DWhencoldsandfluhit,manypeopleautomaticallyturntoover-the-counter(OTC)medicinestopushthroughandtreattheirsymptoms(症状).Althoughthesemedicinesareeasilyaccessibleandwidelyused,itmightcomeasasurprisetomanypeopletolearnthattheyarenotrisk-free.Astudyestimatedthateveryyear,over26,000peoplewenttotheemergencyroomforadverse(有害的)eventsrelatedtoOTCcoldandcoughmedicines.Whentwoormoredrugsareusedtogether,theirinteractioncansometimesproduceunexpectedharmfuleffects.Physiciansaretypicallyknowledgeableaboutpotentialdruginteractions,soitisveryimportantforpatientstoasktheirhealthcareproviderswhichOTCmedicinesaresafeforthemtouse.ItisimportanttoreadthepackageingredientsofOTCmedicinescloselytoavoidduplicationofdoses(剂量重复).Coldmedicinesaretypicallymadeupofmultipleingredients,includingpainrelievers,nasaldecongestantsandcoughsuppressantsorexpectorants.Apersonwhotakesasingle-ingredientmedicinepairedwithoneofthesemulti-ingredientmedicinescanreceiveanunsafedoseofthatingredient.Whileeveryonecouldpotentiallyexperienceadverseeffectsfromcoldandflumedicines,somegroups-includingolderadults,childrenandpregnantwomen-maybeatgreaterrisk.Olderpeoplewhoareusingprescribed(处方的)drugstotreatmultiplehealthconditionsmayhaveahigherriskofdruginteractionsbecauseofthehighernumberofmedicinesbeingusedatthesametimetotreatdifferentconditions.Theagingbodyisnotexpertatabsorbing,distributingandclearingmedicinesasyoungerbodiesare.Thiscanputolderadultsathigherriskforanoverdoseanddrug-to-druginteractionswithsomemedicines.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationandtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventiondonotrecommendgivingcoldmedicinetochildrenunderage4.Becauseofavarietyoffactors,youngchildrenhaveahigherriskofanaccidentaloverdoseandadverseeventsthatcouldleadtodeath.12.Whydidtheauthormentionthestudyinparagraph1?A.TostresstheeasyaccesstoOTCmedicines.B.ToexplainthedangersofusingOTCmedicines.C.ToemphasizetheimportanceofOTCmedicines.D.ToprovethepotentialrisksofusingOTCmedicines.13.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetothosewhotakedifferentdrugsatthesametime?A.Turntodoctorsforadvice. B.Buymedicinesfromphysicians.C.Takeonlyonedruginstead. D.Changetheingredientsofdrugs.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Womencannotfaceagingpositively.B.Childrenaremoreeasilyaffectedbydiseases.C.Olderpeople’sbodycannotdealwithmedicineseasily.D.People’sdesireforhealthmakesthemtakemoremedicine.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OTCmedicinesmaynotbesafe.B.Tipsfortakingover-the-counterdrugs.C.HowtodealwithanOTCdrugoverdose?D.Shouldmedicinesbeavailable“overthecounter”?【答案】12D13.A14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非处方药(OTC)如感冒和流感药物的风险，文章建议人们在使用OTC药品前要和医生确认是否安全。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Althoughthesemedicinesareeasilyaccessibleandwidelyused,itmightcomeasasurprisetomanypeopletolearnthattheyarenotrisk-free.Astudyestimatedthateveryyear,over26,000peoplewenttotheemergencyroomforadverse(有害的)eventsrelatedtoOTCcoldandcoughmedicines.(尽管这些药物很容易获得并广泛使用，但许多人可能会惊讶地发现，它们并非没有风险。一项研究估计，每年有26000多人因非处方感冒药和咳嗽药相关的不良事件前往急诊室)”可知，这项研究是为了证明OTC药物也是有风险的，D选项（证明使用OTC药品的潜在危险）符合题意，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Physiciansaretypicallyknowledgeableaboutpotentialdruginteractions,soitisveryimportantforpatientstoasktheirhealthcareproviderswhichOTCmedicinesaresafeforthemtouse.(医生通常了解潜在的药物相互作用，因此患者询问他们的医疗保健提供者哪些OTC药物对他们来说是安全的是非常重要的)”可知，医生拥有医学知识，了解各种风险，所以在服用OTC药物之前，一定要和医生确认是否安全，故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Theagingbodyisnotexpertatabsorbing,distributingandclearingmedicinesasyoungerbodiesare.(衰老的身体不像年轻的身体那样擅长于吸收、分配和清除药物)”可知，老人的身体已经衰老，无法像年轻人那样高效地处理药品了，C选项（老年人的身体不容易处理药物）符合题意，故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Althoughthesemedicinesareeasilyaccessibleandwidelyused,itmightcomeasasurprisetomanypeopletolearnthattheyarenotrisk-free.(虽然这些药物容易获得并广泛使用，但许多人可能会惊讶地发现它们并非没有风险)”可知，OTC药物也是有风险的，A选项（OTC药物并非总是安全）符合题意，故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Oncepeoplefinishreadingabook,theyarelikelytohaveanimpulsetowriteaboutit.Thosewhoreadandwritealotmaywanttobecomebookreviewers.____16____.Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiplomaand,inmanycases,theyhaveacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.Forprofessionalbookreviewers,anEnglishorwritingdegreeisalsoapopularchoice.Itgenerallytakesmuchpatiencetobecomeabookreviewer.Also,it’simportanttolearnmuchaboutbookreviewingaheadoftime.Readasmanybookreviewsaspossibletogetanideaofthetoneandcontentofthereviews.Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritiques.____17____.Ifyouwanttobecomeabookreviewer,it’snecessarytodeterminewhattypeofbookyouwishtoreview.Mostbookreviewersspecializeinonespecifictype.____18____.Whichevertypeyouwanttoreview,youshouldtrulyenjoyreadingitandberelativelyknowledgeableaboutcommonthemesandplotmethods.____19____.Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavepiecesofbookreviews.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanypiecesofbookreviews.Itmaybeeasiertostartwritingforauniversitynewspaperoralocalnewspaperwhileyou’restillincollege.Anotheroptionistowritereviewsandpostthemonablog.Thus,youprepareyourselfforbecomingabookreviewer.Mostbookreviewersdonotworkforoneparticularmediumandarepaidperpiece.____20____.Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.Itcanbedifficulttogetstarted,aswithanyfreelancewritingcareer,butforsomeonewhoenjoysreadingandwritingaboutbooks,itisanexcellentchoice.A.AndthesalarycanbehighB.SomesimplywritebookreviewsonavoluntarybasisC.Interestingly,therearedifferenttypesofbookreviewersD.Itcanbepopularfiction,historicalfictionoranythingelseE.TheyaretraditionallylessformalcomparedwiththelatterF.It’simpossibletobecomeareviewerwithoutwritingsomereviewsG.Therearenospecificeducationalrequirementsforbecomingbookreviewers【答案】16.G17.E18.D19.F20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何成为书评人提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据后文“Butmosthaveatleastahighschooldiplomaand,inmanycases,theyhaveacollegedegreeinliteratureorarelatedfield.Forprofessionalbookreviewers,anEnglishorwritingdegreeisalsoapopularchoice.(但大多数人至少有高中文凭，在许多情况下，他们有文学或相关领域的大学学位。对于专业书评人来说，英语或写作学位也是一个受欢迎的选择。)”可知，此处是指成为书评人并没有学历要求，所以选项G“成为书评人没有特定的教育背景要求”切合文意。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文“Andrememberbookreviewsarealittledifferentfrombookcritiques.(记住，书评和书的批判有点不同。)”可知，此处是解释书评和书的批判的区别，所以选项E“与后者相比，它们在传统上不那么正式”切合文意。故选E。【18题详解】根据前文“Ifyouwanttobecomeabookreviewer,it’snecessarytodeterminewhattypeofbookyouwishtoreview.Mostbookreviewersspecializeinonespecifictype.(如果你想成为一名书评人，有必要确定你想评论什么类型的书。大多数书评家都专注于一种特定的类型。)”可知，此处是对想要评论的书的类型举例，所以选项D“它可以是通俗小说，历史小说或其他任何东西”切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Evenifthereviewsareneverpublished,it’simportanttohavepiecesofbookreviews.Mosteditorswon’thireareviewerwithoutanypiecesofbookreviews.(即使书评从未出版过，有一些书评也是很重要的。大多数编辑不会雇用没有任何书评的评论家。)”可知，此处是讲想要成为书评人就必须先有作品，所以选项F“不写评论是不可能成为一名书评人的”切合文意。故选F。【20题详解】根据前文“Mostbookreviewersdonotworkforoneparticularmediumandarepaidperpiece.(大多数书评人并不为某一特定媒体工作，而是按件计酬。)”和后文“Inexchange,theywillreceivefreebookstoreview,sometimesaheadoftheirpublicationdates.(作为交换，他们会收到免费的书来评论，有时是在书籍出版之前。)”可知，此处是指有些人是免费自愿写书评的，所以选项B“有些人只是自愿写书评”切合文意。故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Mylittleniecewaswanderingthroughthegardeninherhome.Herfathercollectedrareandpreciousplants,whichhe____21____withgreatcare.Myniecewas____22____byaplantfullofbloomingflowers.Sheapproacheditandadmireditsuniquebeauty.Suddenlyshe____23____thattheplantwasinapileoffilth(污秽).Shecouldnotputupwiththe____24____ofdirtwithsuchfantasticflowers.Shefiguredoutaplantocleantheplant.She____25____theplantwithallhermightfromthedirtandwashedits____26____inrunningtapwatertillalltracesofdirtwerewashedaway.Shethenplacedtheplantonacleanstoneandwentaway,proudthatshehaddoneagreat____27____.Laterherfathercametothegardenandnoticedtheuprootedplant,whichhadlain____28____inthebakingsun.Hislittledaughterranoverto____29____herachievement.“Ihavecleanedit,Daddy,”shereported____30____.Thefathershowedherhowhertreatmenthadnearlykilledtheplantandtoldherthatthefilthysoilprovidedthebest____31____togrowthatplant.Onhearingthat,thegirlfeltguiltythattheplanthadsufferedbyhercleaning.Agreatgardenermixesthe____32____soilforeachplant.____33____,Godprovideseachofuswiththebest____34____requiredforoptimum(最佳)spiritualgrowth.Butitmayappeartobe____35____andwemayevencomplaintoGodaboutourdifficulty.21.A.attendedto B.broughtup C.lookedout D.fedon22A.caught B.attacked C.attracted D.shocked23.A.recalled B.recognized C.noticed D.concluded24.A.shortage B.presence C.presentation D.composition25.A.pulled B.picked C.held D.pushed26.A.flowers B.roots C.leaves D.branches27.A.project B.deal C.operation D.deed28.A.boiling B.bathing C.breathing D.dying29.A.confirm B.check C.exhibit D.assess30.A.happily B.coldly C.fearfully D.patiently31.A.shelter B.medicine C.agency D.medium32.A.same B.right C.dirty D.loose33.A.Moreover B.Similarly C.Rather D.Nevertheless34.A.environment B.style C.neighborhood D.opportunity35.A.invisible B.disorganized C.improper D.unpleasant【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.A26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A31.D32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩好心办了坏事，在看到美丽的花长在污泥中后，她把花从泥土中拔起，清洗了根部的泥土，差点让花死掉，而父亲教育她污泥恰是种植这株植物的最佳培养基。上帝实际上也为我们每个人提供了最佳的精神成长环境，虽然有时这种环境并不令人愉快。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲收集了很多珍贵的稀有植物，他非常细心地照料这些植物。A.attendedto照料；B.broughtup抚养；C.lookedout小心；D.fedon以……为食。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词rareandprizedplants作补充说明，先行词在从句中作空处谓语的宾语，再结合下文“withgreatcare”可知，她的父亲应该是细心地照料这些珍贵的稀有植物。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A.caught捕捉；B.attacked攻击；C.attracted吸引；D.shocked（使）震惊。根据下文“Sheapproacheditandadmireditsstrikingbeauty.”可知，女孩走过去欣赏这株美丽的植物，因此是被它吸引。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她注意到这株植物长在一堆污泥中。A.recalled回忆起；B.recognized辨认出；C.noticed注意到；D.concluded得出结论。根据下文“thattheplantwasinapileoffilth”可推知，植物长在一堆污泥中是女孩走近后注意到的情况。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不能容忍这样美丽的花上存在泥土。A.shortage缺少；B.presence存在；C.presentation展示；D.composition组成。根据上文“thattheplantwasinapileoffilth”可知，植物长在一堆污泥中，因此女孩是觉得花上不应该存在泥土。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A.pulled拔出；B.picked采，摘；C.held握着；D.pushed推。根据下文“theplantwithallhermightfromthedirt”可推知，她是用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A.flowers花；B.roots根；C.leaves叶子；D.branches树枝。根据上文“She___5___theplantwithallhermightfromthedirt”和常识可知，从泥土里出来的植物根部会有泥土，因此是用自来水冲洗根部。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她把植物放在一块干净的石头上便离开了，她为自己做了一件好事而自豪。A.project项目；B.deal交易；C.operation操作；D.deed行为。根据上文“She___5___theplantwithallhermightfromthedirtandwashedits___6___inrunningtapwatertillalltracesofdirtwerewashedaway.”可知，女孩想办法清除了这株植物上的泥土，由此推之，她会觉得自己为植物做了件好事，doagooddeed是固定短语，意为“做一件好事”。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的父亲来到花园，发现了那棵被连根拔起的植物，它已经在烈日下奄奄一息了。A.boiling（使）沸腾；B.bathing洗澡；C.breathing呼吸；D.dying死亡。根据下文“Thefathershowedherhowhertreatmenthadnearlykilledtheplant”可知，被连根拔起的植物在烈日下快死了。故选D。29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A.confirm确认；B.check检查；C.exhibit展示；D.assess评估。根据上文“proudthatshehaddoneagreat___7___”可知，女孩对自己做的事情感到很骄傲，因此会向父亲展示自己的成就。故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“爸爸，我把它清理干净了。”她高兴地说。A.happily高兴地；B.coldly冷淡地；C.fearfully可怕地；D.patiently耐心地。根据上文“Ihavecleanedit,Daddy”可知，女孩认为自己清理了这株植物上的污泥，是做了正确的事情，却不知道自己犯了错误，因此是高兴地说话。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲告诉她，她的处理方法几乎杀死了那株植物，并告诉她污秽的泥土是种植那株植物的最佳培养基。A.shelter庇护所；B.medicine药物；C.agency机构；D.medium培养基。根据上文“thefilthysoil”和下文“togrowthatplant”可推知，污秽的泥土应该是种植该植物的最佳培养基。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个好的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A.same相同的；B.right合适的；C.dirty脏的；D.loose松的。根据上文“Agreatgardener”可推知，好的园丁熟知植物的习性，会为植物混合合适的土壤。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A.Moreover此外；B.Similarly类似地；C.Rather相反地；D.Nevertheless然而。根据上文“Agreatgardenermix