Unit-8-Knowledge-and-Wisdom市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

UnitSixKnowledgeandWisdom(abridged)---BertrandRussell5/1/20241TangXiaoyun1/31AbouttheauthorBertrandRussell(1872-1970),Britishphilosopherandmathematician,wasoneoftheoutstandingfiguresof20thcenturyBritishphilosophy,andwasespeciallyimportantforhisworkinmathematicallogicandnotableforhissupportofhumanitariancauses.5/1/20242TangXiaoyun2/31HismajorworksincludePrincipiaMathematica,3vols.(1910-1913),writtenwithA.N.Whitehead,andAHistoryofWesternPhilosophy(1945).5/1/20243TangXiaoyun3/31Russellwastwiceimprisonedforactivitiesassociatedwithhisadvocacyofpacifism(1918),andawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1950.5/1/20244TangXiaoyun4/31Warm-upDiscussionWhatkindofpeopleareconsideredknowledgeable?Namesomegreatnames.Whatkindofpeopleareconsideredwise?Namesomegreatnames.Whichismuchharderinyouropinion,becomingknowledgeableorbecomingwise?Why?Whatistherelationshipbetweenknowledgeandwisdom?5/1/20245TangXiaoyun5/31MemorablequotesScienceisorganizedknowledge.Wisdomisorganizedlife.Withoutknowledge,Icannotplaytheviolin.Withoutwisdom,Icannotplaythemusic.5/1/20246TangXiaoyun6/31GlobalreadingIsthistextanarration,argumentation,descriptionorexplanation?Whatisthetopicandthesupportingdetails?5/1/20247TangXiaoyun7/31StructuralAnalysisPara.1IntroductionAlthoughouragefarsurpassesallpreviousagesinknowledge,therehasbeennocorrelativeincreaseinwisdom.Para.2-5Body4factorsthatcontributetowisdomcomprehensivevision纵观全局能力afullawarenessofthegoalsofhumanlife对人类终级目标清醒认识emancipationfrompersonalprejudice摆脱个人偏见impartiality公正态度5/1/20248TangXiaoyun8/31Para.1Whatviewiscommonlyacceptedintermsofknowledgeandwisdom?Isthereanyorthodoxdefinitionofwisdom?Hasthewriterstatedthepurposeofthewriting?Whatisit?5/1/20249TangXiaoyun9/31Para.2-5Identifythetopicsentencesineachparagraph.5/1/202410TangXiaoyun10/31(para.2)1stfactor:comprehensivenessmixedwithasenseofproportionTopicsentence:OftheseIshouldputfirstasenseofproportion:thecapacitytotakeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight.5/1/202411TangXiaoyun11/31paraphraseOftheseIshouldputfirstasenseofproportion:thecapacityto

takeaccountofalltheimportantfactorsinaproblemandtoattachtoeachitsdueweight.(l.1-3)Amongcontributorstowisdom,Ishallseea

senseofproportionasthetoppriority.Itreferstotheabilitytogetacomprehensiveviewofaproblem,andinthemeantime,notewhichaspectismoreimportantandwhichisless.首先,我要提出是一个良好百分比意识,也就是能够考虑一个问题全部主要方面,并分别给予它们适当重视能力。5/1/202412TangXiaoyun12/31Thishasbecomemoredifficultthanitusedtobeowingtotheextentandcomplexityofthespecializedknowledgerequiredofvariouskindsoftechnicians.(l.3-5)Ithasbecomemoredifficultthanbeforebecausedifferentkindsoftechniciansarerequiredtospecializeinmorecomplexandwiderrangeofknowledgetoday.因为现在要求各类技术人员掌握专业知识越来越多，越来越复杂，要做到良好百分比意识比以前更难了。5/1/202413TangXiaoyun13/31Youstudythecompositionoftheatomfroma

disinteresteddesireforknowledge,andincidentallyplaceinthehandsofpowerfullunaticsthemeansofdestroyingthehumanrace.(l.14-16)Youstudythemake-upoftheatomfroma

purelongingforknowledge,butyouputitintothehandsofmenofpowerwhoarecrazytouseittodestroythehumanrace.你出于对知识纯粹渴望而研究原子组成，然而这一研究却落入一群拥有权力狂热分子手中，成为他们毁灭人类工具。5/1/202414TangXiaoyun14/31questionsWhatdoes“senseofproportion”mean?Why,accordingtothewriter,iscomprehensivenessanimportantfactorthatconstituteswisdom?Whatmessagedoesthewritertrytoconveywiththeexampleoftechnicians?5/1/202415TangXiaoyun15/31(para.3)2ndfactor:afullawarenessofthegoalsofhumanlifeTopicsentence:Theremustbe,also,acertainawarenessoftheendsofhumanlife.（仅有纵观全局能力还不足以称之为智慧），我们还应对人类终级目标有清醒认识。5/1/202416TangXiaoyun16/31QuestionsWhatdoes“theendsofhumanlife”referto?Accordingtothewriter,howarefeelingsrelatedtowisdom?5/1/202417TangXiaoyun17/31(para.4)

3rdfactor:emancipationfrompersonalprejudiceTopicsentence:Itisneededinthechoiceofendstobepursuedandinemancipationfrompersonalprejudice.在选择我们所追求人生目标以及从个人偏见中解放出来时，智慧是必不可少。5/1/202418TangXiaoyun18/31paraphraseEvenanendwhichitwouldbenobletopursueifitwereattainablemaybepursuedunwiselyifitisinherentlyimpossibleofachievement.(l.3-4)Itwouldbeveryunwisetopursueagoalwhichisimpossibleofattainmentandboundtofailevenifitishonorabletorunafterit.追求一个不可能到达目标是不明智，即便它是个看似能够实现，且令人感到骄傲追求目标。5/1/202419TangXiaoyun19/31QuestionsHowcanwisdomhelponeinhis/herpursuitofalife-longcareer?Whatdoes“convincingeachthattheotherhasonlythenormalshareofhumanwickedness”suggest?5/1/202420TangXiaoyun20/31(para.5)4thfactor:impartialityTopicsentence:Ithinktheessenceofwisdomisemancipation,asfaraspossible,fromthetyrannyofthehereandnow.智慧本质就是尽可能从本身当前感受禁锢中解放出来。5/1/202421TangXiaoyun21/31paraphraseIthinktheessenceofwisdomisemancipation,asfaraspossible,fromthetyrannyofthehereandnow.(l.1-2)Ithinktheessenceofwisdomistobefreefromthecruelandunjustpracticethatisbasedonwhathappensnowandhere.我想智慧本质就是尽可能从本身当前感受禁锢中解放出来。5/1/202422TangXiaoyun22/31Graduallywiththeyears,hishorizonwidens,andinproportionashisthoughtsandfeelingsbecomelesspersonalandlessconcernedwithhisownphysicalstates,heachievesgrowingwisdom.(l.5-7)Ashegrowsolderandhaswiderexperience,accordinglyhebecomesimpersonalandhisthoughtsandfeelingsarelessconcernedwithhimself,hebecomeswiser.伴随年纪增加，视野开阔，一个人思想和情感变得不那么个人化，与本身身体情况也不那么亲密，这时他智慧就会增加。5/1/202423TangXiaoyun23/31Butitispossibletomakeacontinualapproachtowardsimpartiality,ontheonehand,byknowingthingssomewhatremoteintimeorspace,andontheotherhand,bygivingtosuchthingstheirdueweightinourfeelings.(l.9-12)Itispossibletobecomeincreasinglyimpartialbygainingknowledgeaboutthehistoryandthefuture,andaboutotherpartsoftheworld,andbyshowingduerespectandinteresttodifferentthings.不过我们有可能去不停地靠近公正，首先经过了解在时空上距离我们遥远事物，另首先在感情上给予它们应有重视。5/1/202424TangXiaoyun24/31QuestionsWhat,accordingtoRussell,istheessenceofwisdom?Andhowcanoneacquiretheessence?Whatdoes“Thisisofcourseamatterofdegree.”mean?5/1/202425TangXiaoyun25/31QuestiontoponderDoyouagreewithRussellonhisdefinitionofwisdom?Inyouropinion,whatarethenecessaryelementsthatcontributetowisdom?

5/1/202426TangXiaoyun26/31GroupdebateWorkingroupsanddiscusstheresponsibilitiesofscientistsandphilosophers.Debateonwhosejobismoreimportant,thescientists’orthephilosophers’?5/1/202427TangXiaoyun27/31RhetoricalfeaturesParallelismtocontributeequivalentsyntacticconstructionstomaketheexpressionmoreforcefultoconveyone’sideasmoreclearlytocreateasenseoforderandproportion5/1/202428TangXiaoyun28/31Examples

para.3,l.11-12“Itisbynowmeansuncommontofindmenwhoseknowledgeiswidebut

whosefeelingsarenarrow.“para.4,l.1-2“Itisnotonlyinpublicways,butinprivatelifeequally,thatwisdomisneeded.”para.5,l.9-12“Butitispossibletomakeacontinualapproachtowardsimpartiality,ontheonehand,byknowingthingssomewhatremoteintimeorspace,andontheotherhand,bygivingtosuchthingstheirdueweightinourfeelings.“5/1/202429TangXiaoyun29/31C-ETranslationTheresultoftheexper