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EnvironmentalBiotechnology哈尔滨工业大学智慧树知到答案2024年绪论单元测试
Whichofthefollowingsayingarecorrect(
).
A:
Empiricismisveryimportantinenvironmentalbiotechnologybesidestheprinciplesofmicrobiologyandengineering.B:Microbiologicaltreatmenttechnologiesdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,suchasactivatedsludgeandanaerobicdigestion,remainmainstaystoday.C:Molecularbiologyisthesubstitutefortraditionalmethodsinexploringmicrobialcommunities.D:Quantificationanalysismakesprocessesreliableandcost-effective.
答案:ABD
第一章测试
Thebasicreactionsinvolvedinbacterialgrowth,including().
A:cellsynthesisreactions
B:energy-consumingreactions
C:fermentationreactions
D:energy-producingreactions
答案:ADInmicrobialmetabolism,NO3-andSO42-canbeusedaselectronacceptorsin().
A:theabsenceofATP
B:inthepresenceofcytochromes
C:theabsenceofenzymes
D:theabsenceofoxygen
答案:Dfs0+fe0=(
).
A:1.1
B:1
C:0.9
D:2
答案:BTheamountofdonorusedforenergyproductionforcellssynthesisrelatedtobothenergyrequiredforcellsynthesisandenergyreleasedfromdonoroxidation.()
A:错B:对
答案:BThenetyieldYnwillsometimesequalstotrueyieldY.()
A:对B:错
答案:B
第二章测试
Whichofthefollowingistherightdefinitionof‘safetyfactor’inengineering?()
A:S0/SminB:
θx/θxminC:θx/[θxmin]limD:θxmin/θx
答案:BThedecayofactivebiomassisafirst-orderfunction,includingthefractionfortruerespirationandforinert.()
A:错B:对
答案:BSolidsretentiontimeorsludgeageisthereciprocalofthenetspecificgrowthrate.()
A:错B:对
答案:BUAPisbiodegradedconsiderablyfasterthanisBAP.()
A:对B:错
答案:AThetrueyieldcannotbeestimatedfromexperiments.()
A:错B:对
答案:A
第三章测试
Theidealizedbiofilmhavingthefollowingpropertiesexcept().
A:AneffectivediffusionlayerofthicknessLrepresentsexternalmass-transportresistance.
B:HasalocallyuniformthicknessofLf.
C:Mass-transportresistanceisnotimportanttothebiofilm.
D:Thebiofilmhasauniformbiomassdensity.
答案:CThefollowingdescriptionofthefundamental“law”ofthesteady-statebiofilmiscorrect.()
A:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJ
T)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.B:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitarea(YJ
)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitarea
b’XfLf.C:Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJ
T)isjustbalancedbythelosses.D:Thegrowthofnewbiomass(YJ
)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.
答案:BThemodelofasteady-statebiofilmrequiressimultaneoussolutionof().
A:mass-balanceforsubstratetransporttothebiofilm.
B:mass-balanceforsubstrateinthebiofilm.
C:mass-balanceforactivebiomassinthebiofilm
D:boundaryandcontinuityconditions.
答案:ABCDThefollowingfiguresshowsthat().
A:AtsomevalueofS>Smin,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesfromnearinfinityandapproaches1.0.B:Jand
XfLf
increasesverysharplyasSincreasesslightlyaboveSmin.C:ForverylargeS,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesgraduallyandeventuallyapproachesthelimitingcaseofone-half-orderkinetics,orJ=k1/2S1/2
.D:ForSlargeenough,J(andXfLf)increasesforlargerS,becausethesubstrateconcentrationsinsidethebiofilmriseinresponsetoahigherS.
答案:ABCDTheresultofmass-transportresistanceisthatthesubstrateconcentrationsatanypositioninthebiofilmusuallyarelowerthaninthebulkliquid.()
A:错B:对
答案:BTwobiofilmshavingthesamephysicalthickness,shouldhavesimilarvalues.()
A:错B:对
答案:AThefundamentalunderstandingofasteady-statebiofilmisthatthebiomassperunitsurfacearea(XfLf)isconstantintime,andthebiomassatanyonelocationisatsteadystate.
A:错B:对
答案:AS*min
represents
thegrowthpotentialinthesteady-state-biofilmmodel,andS*min
muchlessthan1.0indicatesthenetpositivegrowthismuchgreaterthantheloss.(
)
A:错B:对
答案:BK*comparesexternalmasstransporttothemaximumutilizationrate.K*lessthan1meansthatthesubstrateutilizationiscontrolledbyexternalmasstransport.()
A:错B:对
答案:BFordeepbiofilm,ithasthemaximumfluxintothebiofilm.()
A:错B:对
答案:B
第四章测试
Whichofthefollowingshouldbebalancedinamodel?()
A:componentsinmole/L
B:COD
C:charges
D:elements
答案:BCDAnabolismisrelatedtotherateofsubstrateuptakebyayield.()
A:对B:错
答案:ANitriteisincludedinASM1.()
A:对B:错
答案:BHydrolysisisusuallysimulatedviafirstorderkinetic.()
A:错B:对
答案:BBothanoxicandaerobicgrowthofheterotrophsareconsideredinASM1.()
A:错B:对
答案:B
第五章测试
Secondaryconsumersintheactivatedsludgesysteminclude:().
A:chemolithotrophicbacteria
B:heterotrophicbacteria
C:prokaryotes
D:predators
答案:ACDWhichoneofthefollowingisthemostpopularreactorconfigurationsbeingusedinwastewatertreatmentthesedays().
A:Stepaeration
B:ConventionalAeration
C:ModifiedAeration
D:Completelymixed
答案:DTheconventionalactivatedsludgesystemcouldremoveBOD5andsuspendedsolids(SS)by()percentormoreformunicipalsewagetreatment.
A:90
B:75
C:80
D:85
答案:DForaconventionaldesignfortheactivatedsludgetreatmentofdomesticsewage,theF/Mratiosuggestedis0.25to0.5kgBOD5perdayperkgMLSS.()
A:错B:对
答案:BInmostsituations,theelectrondonor,ortheBOD,isratelimitingformicroorganismreproductionandgrowth.()
A:对B:错
答案:A
第六章测试
Whatisthepurposeoftheeffluentrecyclelineintwo-phasesystemoffluidized-bed?()
A:increasethebedturbulence
B:controltheBODloadingininfluent
C:supportoxygenbyoxygenatorsystem
D:controltheupwardflowvelocity
答案:CDInbiologicalcontactors(RBC),thepercentsubmergenceistoohighandmightleadto().
A:oxygendeficit
B:highersuspendsludge
C:odor
D:lowerCODineffluent
答案:ABCThemicrobialpopulationinbiofilmandactivatedsludgearedifferentinspeciesowingtothedifferencesinthemicroorganismaccumulatedformation,althoughtherearesameelectrondonorsandacceptors.()
A:对B:错
答案:AThechangingofinfluent(Q)isusuallycontrolledtochangthesurfaceloadingoftricklingfiltersandbiologicaltower.()
A:对B:错
答案:BThemediumwillnotmoveextensivelywhenitisuniforminfluidized-bedreactor.()
A:对B:错
答案:B
第七章测试
Advantagesofanaerobictreatmentinclude().
A:Lowproductionofwastebiologicalsolids.
B:Produceusefulendproducts.
C:Highorganicloadingispossible.
D:Highremovalefficiencywithdilutewastes.
答案:ABCThesuccessfulstart-upandoperationofananaerobicsystemrequires:().
A:Bringthesystemtotemperature.
B:AddbufferingmaterialintheformofchemicaltoprotectagainstpHdrop.
C:Fillthedigesterwithseedandwater.
D:Beginwithasmuchgoodanaerobicseedaspossible.
答案:ABCDPossiblemethodstocontroltoxicityinanaerobictreatments:().
A:Thetoxicityoflong-chainfattyacidscanbereducedbycalcium.
B:Thetoxicityofsulfidecanbereducedbygasstrippingfromthereactor.
C:Thetoxicityofsomeheavymetalscanberemovedbyadditionofsulfide.
D:MaintainingalowerpHcanreduceammoniatoxicity.
答案:ABCDWhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecharacteristicsofbaffledreactor:().
A:Arecyclelinecanbeaddedtoremovebiosolidsfromthelastchamberandreturnthemtothefirst.
B:Designloadingtypicallyisintherangeof4to15kgCOD/m3-d.
C:OvercomethebiosolidslossfromtheUASBsystem.
D:Wastewatermovesupwardanddownward.
答案:BEstimatingthemethaneproductionofanaerobictreatmentprocessforwastewatercontaining1.0Mglucose:().
A:0.24mol.
B:2.64mol.
C:2.4mol.
D:3.36mol.
答案:CTheprocessofanaerobictreatmentcanbebrokenintowhichofthefollowingsteps:().
A:Theconversionoftheorganicacidsandhydrogenintomethane.
B:Hydrolysisandfermentationofcomplexorganicmatterintosimpleorganicacidandhydrogen.
C:Thesimplecarbohydratesandacidsareutilizedtoobtainenergyforgrowthbyfermentingbacteria.
D:Theorganicacidsarethenpartiallyusedbyarchaelmethanogenstoconvertthemintomethane.
答案:ABAnabsoluteminimumvalueofθxtoallowstablemethanogenesisforaCSTRis:().
A:20day.
B:5day.
C:10day.
D:15day.
答案:CThecontentsofthedigestercanbeheatedthrough:().
A:Injectedsteamthroughlancesordiffusers.
B:Heatexchangerslocatedinsidethedigester.
C:Pumpingbackwarmedsludgethroughexternalheatexchangers
D:Directheatingthereactor.
答案:ABCTheprimarydesigncriterionofCSTRcontains:().
A:Detentiontime.
B:Thenetsludgeproduction.
C:Themethane-gasyield.
D:Thevolatile-solidsloadingrate.
答案:ADTheroutinemeasurementof
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