中考英语二轮复习讲练测-专题15 语法填空（讲练）（含答案与解析）

专题15语法填空语法填空是中考英语试卷最难题目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分为10个小题。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10个空，要求学生通读短文，并根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词。主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力。为了答好短文填空题目，我们要打好基础关。这个基础关既包括1600个单词，300多个短语以及一部分常用句型和习惯用语的意思和用法，也包括各种词的词形变化。中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、pron、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、conj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：动词变形题：时态，语态，非谓语动词 名词或代词变形题：词性转换（形容词、副词、动词，同一词根），名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数人称代词、不定代词、反身代词，形容词性物主代词后;名词性物主代词形容词或副词变形题：词性转换（变反义词或副词），较级或最高级的几种用法无提示词填空题：冠词，介词，连词（2023·浙江杭州）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。TrafficSchoolHaveyoueverdriventhrougharedtrafficlight?Haveyoueverparkedinthewrongplaceordriven____1____(fast)thanthespeedlimit(限制)?Theanswersareprobably“yes”.Everyyear____2____(thousand)ofdriversbecome“offenders”-theybreaktherulesoftheroad.But___3____arethepunishmentsforthisoffence?Inmostcountriesdrivershavetopayafine(罚款),____4____(usual)$100—$300.ButintheUSA,Australiaandsome____5___(Europe)countriesoffendersalsogetpointsontheirdrivinglicense.Aftertheyget___6___certainnumberofpoints,theycan’tdrive.Lifeisdifficultwhenyoucan’tdrive.SofarsomestatesintheUSA____7___(introduce)anewwaytoavoidthis-TrafficSchool.Offendershaveachoice:Theycangetpointsontheirlicense___8____theycandoacourseatTrafficSchool.TrafficSchoolsrun“driverimprovementcourses”.Theycostabout$100andtakefromfour____9____twelvehours.Mostpeopledothecourseinaclassroom,butinsomestatesdriverscandothecourseonline.Driverslearntherulesoftheroadandtheylearnhow___10____(be)betterdrivers.Theydon’thavetotakeadrivingtest,butattheendofthecoursetheyhavetopassawrittenexamination.【答案】1.faster2.thousands3.what4.usually5European6.a7.haveintroduced8.if9.to10.tobe【解析】本文主要介绍了人们在不同国家违反交通规则的处理方法。1.句意：你是否曾把车停错地方或超速驾驶？根据“than”可知空处需用比较级。故填faster。2.句意：每年都有成千上万的司机成为“违规者”——他们违反交通规则。空前无具体数字，需用thousandsof“数以千计的”表示泛指。故填thousands。3.句意：但是这种罪行的惩罚是什么呢？根据“arethepunishmentsforthisoffence?”可知是询问处罚是什么。what表示“什么”。故填what。4.句意：在大多数国家，司机必须支付罚款，通常是100到300美元。修饰动词，需用副词形式usually表示“通常”。故填usually。5.句意：但在美国、澳大利亚和一些欧洲国家，违规者的驾驶执照也会被扣分。修饰名词“countries”，需用形容词作定语。European“欧洲的”。故填European。6.句意：在他们得到一定数量的分数之后，他们就不能开车了。acertainnumberof表示“一定数量的……”。故填a。7.句意：到目前为止，美国的一些州已经推出了一种新的方法来避免这种情况——交通学校。根据“Sofar”可知本句需用现在完成时(have/hasdone)，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填haveintroduced。8.句意：违法者有一个选择：如果他们能在交通学校学习课程，他们可以在驾照上获得分数。分析句子可知，前句是后句是肯定条件，需用if表示“如果”。故填if。9.句意：它们花费大约100美元，需要4到12个小时。from...to...表示“从……到……”，固定短语。故填to。10.句意：司机学习道路规则，他们学习如何成为更好的司机。howtodosth表示“如何做某事”。故填tobe。中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、pron、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、conj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：第一道题：动词变形题是指括号中给出了一个动词，需要对该动词进行形式变化才能符合句子要求的设题类型。此类设题主要有两个角度，其中的一个角度就是考查动词的自身变化【动词的谓语形式(时、语态变化)及非谓语形式(动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词】；另一个角度是考查动词与名词、形容词、副词的相互变化【构词法知识】；第二道题：名词或代词变形题名词变形题指的是对所给名词进行自身变化（名词的单数变复数、名词变成名词所有格）或者相互变化（名词变形容词、名词变动词、名词变副词）【构词法知识】；代词变形题主要考查代词的格（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词的相互变化，甚至个别不定代词之间的变化：如：many变成much,both变成neither，other变成others或another,some变any,all变none,few变little);第三道题：形容词或副词变形题形容词或副词变形题主要考查它们的自身变化（级的变化：原级、比较级、最高级）或者相互变化（形容词变副词、形容词变成动词、形容词变成名词、副词变成形容词）【构词法知识】；第四道题：无提示词填空题无提示填空题是一种在不给提示词的前提下，要求根据句意、句法或句子间逻辑关系而填空的设题。这里要填的主要是介词、连词、冠词、代词it、关系代词/副词。由于不给提示词，实际上加大了解题的难度。解答此类题目（特别是要填的是连词）时，首先要从句意上去考虑，看看句意是否通顺连贯。然后从句子结构上去考虑，看看所填句子是简单句还是复合句，如果是复合句，就要考虑从句连接词的选择。最后从句子间的逻辑上考虑，选择适合句子间逻辑关系的词进行填充。比如因果关系要考虑so,because等；转折关系要考虑but,though;并列关系要考虑and。如果是缺关系代词/关系副词，则要根据定语从句的句子成分来定夺。而要填的是介词时，一定要关注空格前的动词是不是vi,是vi要考虑其搭配，更要考虑空格后的词/短语的含义，选择用合适的介词。冠词一般出现在名词或名词短语前，特别是单数可数名词前要考虑a/an。另外要注意习惯用法。Passage1（2023·江苏苏州市）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DancingwiththeLightAfewyearsago,IvisitedtheClassicalGardensofSuzhou.Duringthevisit,myattentionwasdrawnawayfromtheplants,bridgesandstones,towards____1____wallsofthegardens.Mostlywhite,somepartsofthewallsarelosingsmall____2___(piece)oftheircovering.Thiscreatesspaceinwhichlightandplantscanbe____3___(see).Thewallsarenotonlytheboundariesofthegardens,buttheyalsoformprotectedpathsthatguideyouonatrip.Thememoryofthewhitewallsstayedwithme.Ikept____4____(imagine)howmanyshadows(影)couldbecollectedbythemtodancewiththelight.Thisfantasticmomentwassolively____5____Icamebacktoexploreitwithmycamera.Working____6____(free)withthesewallsandtheirmarks,Ibegantofeellikecollectingallthestoriesthatwerepaintedthere.Weatherandtimehaveturnedthese____7____(amaze)whitewallsintoChineselandscapepaintings.I___8___(take)thephotosduringthemonthofJune,justaftertherain.Theairwasfullofsmalldropsofwater,showingthelightandthecolor____9____thethingsaround.Ascolorwasbornoutofadancebetweenlightandabody,whenphotographingincolorIfound___10___(I)enjoyingamomentofthisdance.Passage2（2024·原创）Beijingisholdingitsbigevent.Thetwosessions(两会)arehereonceagain.

ThetwosessionsaretheannualmeetingsoftheNationalPeople’sCongress(NPC,全国人民代表大会)andtheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference(中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会).Manybig1___________(decide)aboutourcountry,likemakingandchanginglaws,2_________(discuss)anddecidedduringthetwosessions.

Onehottopicatthisyear’smeetingsis“newproductiveforces”(新质生产力).Itmeansusingmodernandbetterways3___________(help)thecountrygrow.Thisincludesusingnewtechnologyandideas.Forexample,Harbin’ssuccessin4____________(attract)touriststo5____________(it)icefestivalshowshowit’susingnewwaystogrowandbecomemore6____________(environmental)friendly.Thetermwasverypopularattheprovincial-level(省级的)twosessionsandmanydeputiesandmemberslookedatit7___________differentways.Forexample,inTianjinandChongqing,they8___________(talk)abouthowtomaketheseforces9_______________(happen)faster.HuangYongping,10._____________professorandNPCdeputyinShanghai,saidthatmaking“newproductiveforces”shouldusenewtechnologyinmanyways.【答案】1.decisions2.arediscussed3.tohelp4.attracting5.its6.environmentally7.in8.talked9.happen,10.aPassage3（2024·深圳宝安区二模）ThetraditionalChineseLongtaitouFestival,orDragon-Head-RaisingFestival,fallsontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmontheveryyear.It____36____(recognize)thestartofspringandfarming.ThisyearitfallsonFebruary21.AncientpeoplebelievedthatafterthisdayDragonKinghasawakenedfromhiswintersleep.Awell-knownphrasegoes,“Eryueer,longtaitou”,meaning,“Thedragonliftshishead____37____theseconddayofthesecondmonth.”ThefestivalcelebratesancientChineseculture.Someofthetraditional____38____(way)tocelebrateitarenolongerexisted,butothersarestillkeptwell.Oneof____39____mostfamoustraditionsisgettingahaircut.Somebelievethatgoingtothebarberonthisdaygetsridof(摆脱)badluck,whileothersbelievethatgettingahaircutduringthefirstmonthofthelunarcalendarbringsbadluck.PeopleinFujianprovince____40____(keep)thetraditionofeatingtofuduringthefestivalforcenturies.Tofuandvegetableballs____41____(make)toprayforfamilyandbusiness.Theyhopetheirfamilycankeephealthyandtheycando____42____(good)intheirworkorbusinessthanbefore.FriedbeansarethetraditionalfestivalfareforpeopleinpartsofShandongprovince.PeopleinSuzhouwilleatchengyaocakes____43____aremadeofstickyrice.Itisatraditionduringthefestivalforthem.Andtheyevenhaveasaying,“Yourwaist(腰)won’thurtallyear____44____youeatachengyaocakeonLongtaitou.”Atthesametime,otherfoodsarenamedafterdragonbodyparts____45____(mark)theday.Noodlesaredragon'sbeard(longxu)anddumplingsaredragon’sears(longer).Passage4（2023·山东滨州）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词成情态动词。Anidolissomeonewhowerespectorlove.However,unlikemanyofmyclassmates,myidolisnotafilmstar,afamouswriterorasportsman,myidolismydad.Mostpeoplebelievethataman____51____(go)outandwork.However,whenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____52____(serious)illandneededattentionallthetime.Mydadknewhowmuchmymumlovedherjob,sohestopped____53____(work)tostayathomeandlookafterme.Manymeninthissituationwouldwanttheir____54____(wife)tostaywiththechild,butmydadalwaysthinksabout____55____(other)beforehimself.Thismademestarttorespecthim.Mydadlatertookajobandworkedatnight.HechosethejobsothathewouldonlybeoutofthehousewhenIwassleeping.Sincethen,mydad____56____(help)andsupportedmeineverythingIdo.IrememberwhenIwaslearningtorideabike,mydadranbehindmeandheldthebackofthebicyclesothatIwouldnotfall.I____57____(feel)sosafebecauseIknewhewasnear.Soon,Iwasabletorideby____58____(I).Myfamilyisnotrich,andwedonotownabighouseoranexpensivecar.Mydadhasshownmethatsomethingis____59____(important)thanmoney.Althoughhenowworkshardeverydayandisoftenverybusy,healwaysmakestime_____60_____(stay)withme.Hehelpsmewithmyhomework,andplaysgameswithmeonweekends.HehasalsotaughtmethatIcanachieveanythingifIreallyworkhardonit.Mydadismyidolbecauseheshowedmethemostimportantthingsinlife.Passage5（2023·长沙期末统考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Withtheearthfacingsomuchpollution,mostcountriesandregionsintheworldaretakingaction___36___(fight)againstpollution.Herearesomeofthemeasurestheyhavealreadytaken.NewEnergyVehicleFrancehasdecidedtostop___37___(sell)anycarthatusespetrol

(汽油)anddiesel(柴油)fuelby2040inordertoreduceairpollutionandsaveenergyaswell.Poorfamilies___38___arewillingtoreplaceolderandmorepollutingcarswith___39___(clean)oneswillreceivesomemoneyfromthegovernment.Norway,whichistheleaderintheuseofelectriccarsinEurope,___40___(want)tomovetoelectric-onlyvehiclesby2025,asdoestheNetherlands.GreatgreenwallAccordingtoastudybyNASA,ChinaandIndiaarethemainreasonsfor___41___(make)theEarthgreeneroverthepasttwentyyears.In1978,Chinabeganaprojectwhichisknownasthe“GreatGreenWall”.Sofar,theprogram___42___(plant)manytreesin13provincesandautonomousregionssuchasTibetandInnerMongoliainnorthernChina.BecauseofChina’ssuccessin___43___(deal)withdesertification(沙漠化),theUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)believesthecountryisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.Chinaisoneof___44___(successful)countriesingreeningthedesertandhaslessonstosharewiththeworld.BestrawfreeEveryday,Americansthrowaway500millionplasticstraws,enoughtocircletheEarthtwice,orfill125schoolbuses.BeStrawFreewasstartedinAmericain2011.Californiarecentlybecame____45____(one)state(州)tostopusingplasticstrawsinrestaurants.CorporationslikeStarbucks,Aramark,andAmericanAirlinesarealsomakinganefforttostopofferingplasticstraws.Passage6（2023·山东济南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LastMarchIlostmycamerawhileIwasonaschooltrip.Ileftitonthebusonthewaybackto____41____(we)school.Icalledthebuscompanythenextday____42____(check)iftheycouldfindit,butitwasn’tthere.Myparentsgotreallyangryandtoldmetheycouldn’tbuymeanewone.I____43____(know)theywereright,soIdecidedIwouldgetonebymyself.Istartedthinkingofwaystomakeandsavemoney.Myparents____44____(usual)giveme£8everyweek,sothefirstthingIdidwastokeepthemoney____45____thesmallboxonthebookcase.IalsoofferedtohelpmyuncleAlan.He’softenawayforwork,buthecan’t____46____(take)hisdogwithhim.Istartedtolookafterhisdogwhenhewasn’tathome.Aftersometime,myuncle’sneighborssawme.TheyaskedmeifIcouldhelpwiththeircats,dogsandrabbits,too.So,Istartedworkingforthree____47____(family)livingacrossthestreet.InlessthanthreemonthsIhadenoughmoneytobuyanewcamera.ItwasthesameastheoneIhadlost,buttomeitwasmuch____48____(nice).Ipaidforitwith____49____moneyImadeanditfeltverydifferent.ThisexperienceteachesmewhatitmeanstoworkhardandI____50____(learn)thatyoumustbecarefulwiththethingsyouhave,becausetheytakealotofhardwork.Passage7（2023·深圳中学校联考一模）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。WeallheardthestoryofNvwapatchingup(修补)theskywithmeltedcolouredstones.Manyyearspassedandtroublesbrokeoutagain.Oneofthem___21___(be)abigflood.ItappearedintheYellowRiverduringtheruleofEmperorYao,andthepeople___22___(force)togiveuptheirvillagesandgotoliveintreesormountains.Thefloodbroughtgreatdamagetothe___23___(people)life.EmperorYaofeltsorryforthesufferingofthepeople,soheaskedGuntosolvetheproblem.Receivingtheorder,Gunledhisteamtobuilddikes(堤坝)tokeepbackthewater___24___failed.ThenShun,thenextemperor,orderedGun’ssonYutocontinuewiththeworkafterGundied.Yuacceptedtheworkandfoundthatitwasmuch___25___(difficult)thanhehadthought.Buthefoughtagainstthegreatfloodbravely.Forthirteenyears,heput___26___(he)tohiswork.Hepassedhishousethreetimesbuthedidnotenterit.Drawingalessonfromhisfather’sfailure,heusedmethodsofchannelinganddredging(挖道和疏浚)andcontrolledthegreatflood___27___(success).Hedidsomuch___28___thepeoplethattheycalledhim“YutheGreat”andEmperorShunchosehimasthenextemperor.Yuwonthetrustofhisemperorandthepeoplewithhisgreateffort.Hewassuch___29___wise,strong-mindedandgreatpersonthatheisworth_____30_____(learn)from.Wewillrememberhimforever.Passage8（2023·广东深圳·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。InancientChina,whenfriendsorrelativeswereseparating,theywouldpickawillowtwig(柳条)andgiveittothepersonwhowasleaving.Thiswastoexpress____31____(they)wishforhimtostay.InChinese,thewordfor“willow”ispronouncedthesame____32____thewordfor“stay.”ManyChinesepoetslikedwritingaboutwillowsintheirworks.Oneof____33____(famous)poemsisAFarewellSong(《送元二使安西》)byWangWei.Itreads,Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain,Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Iinviteyou____34____(drink)acupofwineagain,WestoftheSunnyPassnomore____35____(friend)willbeseen.Nowadays,willowtwigscanalsobeseeninmodernart.Therewasanamazingperformanceaboutwillowtwigs.365people____36____(hold)willowtwigsintheirhandsonthegreenstage.Atthesametime,____37____ancientpaintingofweepingwillows(垂柳)appearedontheLEDscreen.Thesettingof365peoplestoodfor365days,andthecolourgreenmeantthereturnofspring.Theperformance____38____(praise)highlybytheaudience.“Iwas____39____(deep)attractedbytraditionalChineseculture,”oneofthemsaid.Inshort,givingawillowtwigtoapersonisnotsayinggoodbye____40____askinghimtostay.ThisisthebeautyofChineseculture.Passage9（2023·广东深圳·校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。HaveyoueverseenthefilmForrestGump(《阿甘正传》)?There’s____41____famoussayinginit,“Lifeislikeaboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regonnaget.”Thesurpriseispartofthefun.Itisnotonlyfromthechocolatesyoufindintheboxbutalsotheprocess(过程)of____42____(open)thebox.Nowblindboxtoyshavebecomeverypopularsincethey____43____(introduce)toChina.Blindboxtoysarehiddeninsidethesamepackaging(包装).Sothebuyersdon’tknowwhatisintheboxesuntiltheyopen____44____(they).Themostpopulartoysintheblindboxesarecutecharacters____45____comefrompopmovies,comicsandcartoons.There____46____(be)afewspecialonesinmanycommonboxes.“Maybethenextoneisagoldtoy.Mywishis____47____(open)anotherbox!”saidonebuyer.Asaresult,peoplewillopenmoreblindboxesandhopeforabetterresult.Besidesexpectinggoodresults,peoplealsoenjoythesurpriseanduncertainmysteries.“Openingablindboxlikeopeningabirthdaygiftisanenjoyablesurpriseforoursimpledailylivessaida24-year-oldgirl.____48____Iopenthesesimplelittleboxes,Ifeeldisappointed(失望的)atone,butIfeel____49____(excite)atanother.”Afearoftheunknownisalwaysapartofthebox-openingprocess,and_____50_____(wait)fortheuncertaintyisanotherpartofthefun.Passage10阅读下面短文，在空格处填一个适当的词或者使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定位置上。IfyouwereinXi’anonApril8,youmightfeellikeyouwerebackinancientChina.Thecatwalkshowsandtraditionalmusicconcerts____51____(hold)bypeoplewearingtraditionalChineseclothing.HanfufansfromoverChinagottogethertheretotakepicturesandpostthemonlineforaHanfuphotocompetition.Itwassopopular____52____everyonehadawonderfultime.ItisthefirstChineseHanfuDay,____53____lasteduntilMay8.ChinaHanfuDayisonthethirddayofthethirdmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar,andthisdayissaidtobethebirthdayoftheYellowEmperor.InancientChina,thisdaywasalsoknown____54____ShanghaiFestival.ItspurposeistoencourageyoungChinesetotake____55____(proud)intraditionalclothing,aswellasChineseculture.HanfuisthetraditionalclothingoftheHanpeoplewholivedinChinabeforetheQingDynasty.Ithasahistoryofabout3,000yearsandit____56____(change)greatlysofar.Butsomeofitsmaincharacteristic(特点)remain.Forexample,themaincharacteristicofHanfuisthatitusuallyusesribbons(系带)insteadofbuttons.Hanfubringsusbacktotheancientfashion.____57____wedon’tknowthenumberofpeoplewhowearHanfutoday,wecanfindHanfuclubsinalmosteverycity.Chinaisbecoming____58____leadingcountryintheworld,andtheChinesepublicfeels____59____(confident)aboutitstraditionalculturethaneverbefore.Wearingtraditionalclothingmightbeaninterestingwasofshowing____60____theyfeelaboutthis.Passage11（2023-24·长沙期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Withtheearthfacingsomuchpollution,mostcountriesandregionsintheworldaretakingaction___36___(fight)againstpollution.Herearesomeofthemeasurestheyhavealreadytaken.NewEnergyVehicleFrancehasdecidedtostop___37___(sell)anycarthatusespetrol

(汽油)anddiesel(柴油)fuelby2040inordertoreduceairpollutionandsaveenergyaswell.Poorfamilies___38___arewillingtoreplaceolderandmorepollutingcarswith___39___(clean)oneswillreceivesomemoneyfromthegovernment.Norway,whichistheleaderintheuseofelectriccarsinEurope,___40___(want)tomovetoelectric-onlyvehiclesby2025,asdoestheNetherlands.GreatgreenwallAccordingtoastudybyNASA,ChinaandIndiaarethemainreasonsfor___41___(make)theEarthgreeneroverthepasttwentyyears.In1978,Chinabeganaprojectwhichisknownasthe“GreatGreenWall”.Sofar,theprogram___42___(plant)manytreesin13provincesandautonomousregionssuchasTibetandInnerMongoliainnorthernChina.BecauseofChina’ssuccessin___43___(deal)withdesertification(沙漠化),theUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)believesthecountryisagoodexampleforotherstofollow.Chinaisoneof___44___(successful)countriesingreeningthedesertandhaslessonstosharewiththeworld.BestrawfreeEveryday,Americansthrowaway500millionplasticstraws,enoughtocircletheEarthtwice,orfill125schoolbuses.BeStrawFreewasstartedinAmericain2011.Californiarecentlybecame____45____(one)state(州)tostopusingplasticstrawsinrestaurants.CorporationslikeStarbucks,Aramark,andAmericanAirlinesarealsomakinganefforttostopofferingplasticstraws.Passage12（原创）

Lifeisfulloffarewells(告别).That’sperhapswhythisthemehasbeenwrittenaboutbypoetsaroundtheworld.It’ssadtosaygoodbyetoourfriendsandfamilymembers.Insteadofsimplyexpressingsadness,manypoetsseefarewellsfromapositiveperspective(乐观的视角).Let’ssee.

送元二使安西唐·王维渭城朝雨浥轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。AFarewellSongWangWeiNodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain;Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen.Iinviteyoutodrinkacupofwineagain;Westofthesunnypassnomorefriendswillbeseen.(TranslatedbyXuYuanchong)

“AFarewellSong”isafamouspoembyWangWei,awell-knownpoetfromChina’sTangDynasty.Heisfamous____1____（介词）hisdeepandtouching_____2______(describe)ofnatureandemotions.WangWeiwasnotjustapoet,butalsoanartistandagovernmentofficial.He_____3____(like)tomakehispoemspeacefulandmakereaders_____4____(think)aboutthemselves.Hispoemsoftenshowhowpeopleandnaturecanlivetogether______5____peacefully.Lookingatthestyleofwriting,thepoetusessimplelanguage____6____(关系代词)isfilledwithemotion.Theline,“Nodustisraisedontheroadwetwithmorningrain,”createsapeacefulimageofaquietmorning,whichislikeapeacefulmomentbeforesomethingbighappens.“Thewillowsbythehotellooksofreshandgreen”,addstothepeacefulandhopefulfeelingby____7______(paint)apictureoffresh,newspring.Thewillowbranches(柳树)_____8______(consider)asatypicalsymboloffarewellinChina.Inancienttimes,Chinesepeopleoftenusedthemasaparting(分别的)giftbetweenfriendsandfamily.“Iinviteyoutodrinkacupofwineagain”isthepoet’swarmandrealwayofnotwantingtosaygoodbyetohisfriend.Havinganotherdrinktogetherislikeasymbolof___9_______(they)goodbye.Lastly,"Westofthesunnypassnomorefriendswillbeseen”showsthefeelingofbeingaloneandmissingsomeone.Alsoshowshissincere(真诚的)loveandcareforhisfriend.Ingeneral,thispoemcreatesafeelingofquiet____10______(sad).Itmixesbeautifulpicturesandhumanfeelingstodeeplyexpresstheuniversalexperienceofsayinggoodbye.Passage13（2023·山东潍坊）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。“Isuddenlyunderstood,”Valeriasaid,“whyMariowantedtobuythefarm.HeandPaganiwerebusy____26____(work)togetherduringthisperiod,I’msure.Theymusthaveburnedthefarmdown,Roberto.Theycouldhavekilledyou!”“Ican’tbelieveit,”Robertosaid.“Myownunclewouldn’tdothat.It’s____27____(possible).”“Butitmustbetrue,Roberto,”Valeriasaid.“It’stheonlyexplanation.”Intheevening,Inspector(警官)PavonetelephonedandaskedtospeaktoRoberto.“Sofaryouruncle____28____(tell)useverything.Heburnedyourfarmdowntomakeyou____29____(sell)it.Paganiknewthatlandpriceswouldgoupwhenabigcompanymovedtothetown.Thenheandyourunclemadeaproject____30____(build)shopsandhousesonyourlandsothattheycouldsellthemforaprofit.Theywouldhavebecometerriblywealthy!”Robertocouldnotspeak.Hisownunclehadliedtohimandalmostkilledhim.“YouruncleandPaganiarebothcriminals(罪犯),”theinspectorsaid.“Youruncleisafoolishandgreedyman.Hegothimselfintosome____31____(danger)business.Theymustpayfortheir____32____(act).”Robertoheldthetelephone____33____(quiet)witheyesfulloftears.Theinspectorwasright.MarioandPagani____34____(put)intoprisonsoon.Robertodidnotfeelhappy,sadorangryaboutthem.Hewastoo____35____(disappoint)tofeelanything.Somemonthspassed.Robertobegantothinkaboutthefuture.Passage14（2023·山东临沂）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itwasearlyspring,andtherewasalightfog(雾)overthetreesandfields.Iandtheotheryounghorses____26____(eat)atthelowerendofthefieldwhenweheardthecryofdogsfaraway.The___27___(old)amongusliftedhisheadtolisten.“Therearethedogs!”hesaid,andranawayatonce.Wefollowedhimtothetop___28___thefield.Mymotherandanotheroldhorsewerestandingnear.“Theyhavefoundahare(野兔),”saidmymother,“andiftheycomethisway,we___29___(see)thehunt(打猎).”Soonthedogswereallrunningdownthefieldnexttoours,makingaloud“yo-yo-yo”soundatthetopoftheirvoices.Afterthencamemenonhorsesasfastastheycould.Suddenly,thedogsbecame___30___(silence)andranaroundwiththeirnosestotheground.“They___31___(lose)thesmelloftheharealready,”saidtheoldhorse.“Perhapsshewillrunaway.”Butthedogsbegantheir“yo-yo-yo”againandcameatfullspeedtowardsourfield.Justthenahare,wildwithfear,rantowardsthetrees.Thedogsjumpedoverasmallriverandranacrossthefield.Sixoreighthuntsmen(猎人)jumpedtheirhorsesover___32___smallriver,closebehindthedogs.Beforetheharecouldgetaway,thedogswereuponherwithwildcries.Weheardaterriblecry,andthatwastheendofthehare.She___33___(pick)upbyoneofthemen.Shewascoveredinblood,butallthehuntsmenseemedpleased.Iwas___34___surprisedthatatfirstIdidn’tseewhatwashappeningbytheriver.LaterIsawasadsight(景象)—twohorsesweredownandtheriderswerehurt.Mymothersaid,“Ican’tunderstandwhymenlikethissportsomuch.Theyquiteoftenhurt___35___(they)andgoodhorses.”Passage15（2023·杭州一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。InSearchofGoodEnglishFoodHowcomeitissodifficulttofindEnglishfoodinEngland?InEngland,itis___36___(easy)tofindIndianandChineserestaurantsthanEnglishones.InLondon,youcaneatdishesalmostaroundtheworld,butwherearetheEnglishrestaurants?Itisnotonlyinrestaurantsthatforeigndishesaretakingtheplaceof___37___(tradition)Britishfood.Ineverysupermarket,spaghettiandpizzaaremorepopular.Whyhasthishappened?WhatiswrongwiththecooksofBritainthattheyprefercookingspaghettito___38___(potato)?WhydotheBritishnowlikecookinginwineandoliveoil?That’s___39___theycangetingredients(食材)fromallovertheworldinjustafewhours.Anyway,was’tEnglishfoodalwaysterribleandtasteless?Theanswertothisquestionis“No”,but___40___(understand)this,youhavetogobacktobeforeWorldWarI.___41___fact,theBritishhavealwaysimported(口)foodfromabroad.Fromancienttimes,foreigntradewas___42___maininflue