陕西省多地多校2023-2024学年高三上学期8月联考英语试题【含答案】

高三联考英语考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Whereisthewomangoingnext?A.Tothebedroom.B.Tothebathroom.C.Tothekitchen.2.Whatisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Linda’sexamresults.B.Linda’scommunicationskills.C.Linda’slearningattitude.3.WhatisScott?A.Asalesman.B.Awaiter.C.Astudent.4.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atafurnitureshop.C.Atthewoman’shouse.5.WhoisstudyingatHarvardUniversity?A.Thewoman.B.Theman.C.Theman’ssister.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。16.Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?A.Shetypestooslowly.B.Shefailedtosaveareport.C.Hercomputerisbrokenagain.7.WhenisJane’sreportdue?A.NextMonday.B.NextTuesday.C.NextThursday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatisNickreadingnow?A.Amagazine.B.Anovel.C.Apoem.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardsMaryVanderbilt’sstory?A.Indifferent.B.Curious.C.Opposed.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whowillthemandrivetotheairport?A.Helen.B.Hisroommate.C.HisroommateandHelen.11.WherewillthewomanmeetLisa?A.Ataconcert.B.Atamusiccamp.C.AtLisa’shouse.12.WhatcommoninterestdoHelenandLisashare?A.Skiing.B.Listeningtomusic.C.Collectingstamps.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasagiftforlanguages.B.ShehaslearnedEnglishforlong.C.ShesignedupforanEnglishcourse.14.Whatisthemangoingtodonextyear?A.Studyabroad.B.Joinaclub.C.TourBritain.15.Whichofthewoman’ssuggestionsdoesthemantake?A.Thefirstone.B.Thesecondone.C.Thethirdone.16.Whatwillthespeakersdotogetherthisevening?A.Seeafilm.B.Cleanthehouse.C.ReadEnglishnewspapers.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmuchdoanadultticketandachildticketcost?A.About$36.B.About$38.C.About$40.18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthewhale-themedspaces?A.Special.B.Interesting.C.Confusing.19.Whatistheattractiononthe120thfloor?A.Anoutdoorbalcony.B.Aglassfloor.C.Asmallcafe.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttherestaurant?A.It’sonthe122ndfloor.B.Itsfoodisinexpensive.C.Ithasgoodnaturallight.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThebestwaytogetaroundLondonistheUnderground,orwhatlocalscall“theTube”.However,youalsohaveotherformsoftransportationtochoosefrom.BusesThecharmoftravelingbybusisthatyoucanseethesights.Faresstartat1.75poundsforasingleridewithanOystercard(牡蛎卡).Busesdon’ttakecash,soit’sbesttohaveatop-upOystercardtopayforyourtrip.Manybusroutescovertheentirecityandrun24hoursaday.RailLondonOvergroundconsistsofsixmainroutestravelingamongmanypartsofthecity.Railfaresvarybythetimeofdayandthenumberofzonescrossed.LiketheUnderground,usinganOysterCardratherthanaTravelcard(orpaperticket)isconsiderablycheaper.TaxisKeepinmindthatalit-uptaxisignmeansit’savailable.Taxisaremetered,andyouhavetopayaccordingtothetimeofdayandthedistance.There’salwaysaminimumfeeof3.20pounds.Youcanpaywithcash,andalltaxisacceptcreditcards.CarsThinktwicebeforehiringacar.Londonersdriveontheleft.Inaddition,trafficandparkingareawful,andthecostofpetrol(orgas)ishigh.Usinghand-heldcellphoneswhiledrivingisillegal.Thespeedlimitonhighwaysis70milesperhour.1.Whichofthefollowingcanonlybepaidbycard?A.Buses. B.Rail. C.Taxis. D.Cars.2.InwhichaspectdorailandtaxishaveincommoninLondon?A.Theroutes. B.Thewaysofcharging.C.Theminimumfee. D.Thepatternofpayment.3.WhatwillmakeaShaanxi’stouristunaccustomedwhiledrivingacarinLondon?A.Drivingontheleft. B.Findingaparkinglot.C.Thespeedlimitonhighways. D.Theuseofcellphonewhiledriving.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了去伦敦旅游可以用的一些交通方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Buses部分中的“Busesdon’ttakecash,soit’sbesttohaveatop-upOystercardtopayforyourtrip.(公共汽车不收现金，所以最好有一张牡蛎卡来支付你的旅行费用。)”可知，公共交通只能用卡支付，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Rail部分中的“LiketheUnderground,usinganOysterCardratherthanaTravelcard(orpaperticket)isconsiderablycheaper.(与地铁一样，使用牡蛎卡而不是旅行卡(或纸质机票)要便宜得多。)”和Taxis部分中的“Youcanpaywithcash,andalltaxisacceptcreditcards.(你可以用现金支付，而且所有的出租车都接受信用卡。)”可知，在伦敦，乘坐铁路和出租车都可以用卡支付，即它们的支付方式是一样的，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Cars部分中的“Londonersdriveontheleft.(伦敦人靠左行驶。)”和常识可知，在中国，开车是靠右行驶，而在伦敦靠左行驶，由此可知，靠左行驶会让陕西游客在伦敦开车不习惯，故选A。BThepassengerwhosuccessfullylandedaplaneafteritspilotfellunconscioustoldabouttheexperience.DarrenHarrisonwasonhiswaybackfromafishingtripintheBahamaswhenthepilottoldhimandtheotherpassenger,afriendofthepilot’s,thathedidn’tfeelright.Harrisonquicklyaskedthepilotwhatneededtobedonebythepointwhenthepilotwasalreadyunresponsive.Makinghiswaytothefrontoftheplane,herealizedthattheaircraftwasinanosedive,movingataveryfastrateovertheopenocean.“Atthatpoint,IknewifIdidn’treact,wewoulddie,”saidHarrison.Harrisonreachedoverthepilot’sbodyandpositionedhisarmsoverhimtograbthecontrols,slowlystartingtopullbackonthestickandturn.Hedidallthisjustoutofcommonsense.Harrisonsaidthatthefirstmomentsbeforehemadeanycommunicationwithgroundcontrolsstoodouttohimasthescariestpartofthewholestory.Barefootinthefrontoftheplane,heplacedtheheadsetthatthepilothadbeenwearingonhishead,onlytodiscoverthecord(电线)waswornandunplugged.Fromthere,heaskedtheotherpassengerforhisheadsetandwasabletoconnect.withairtrafficcontrol,whoguidedhimonhowtosafelyland.Oncetheyreachedtheground,Harrisonsaidheslowlyfeatheredthebrakesastheymadeitdowntherunway.Whentheaircraftfinallycametoastop,Harrisonsaidhethankedthemanontheothersideoftheheadsetbeforethrowingitonthedashoftheplane.Hesaidhisstrongestprayerwas“fortheguyintheback”whileheprayedforthesafetyofeverythingthathappened.4.WhatdidHarrisondobeforeboardingtheaircraft?A.Hewentfishing. B.Heswaminthesea.C.Hehikedalongtheseaside. D.Helearnedhowtoflyaplane.5.WhendidHarrisonfeelmostfrightened?A.Afterhearingthepilot’swords. B.Afterrealizingwhathappened.C.Duringthelandingoftheplane. D.Beforeinitiallycontactingairtrafficcontrol.6.WhichparagraphstellabouttheprocessofHarrisonlandingtheplane?A.Paragraph1andparagraph2. B.Paragraph2andparagraph3.C.Paragraph3andparagraph4. D.Paragraph4andparagraph5.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeHarrison?A.Richandsuccessful. B.Calmandresponsive.C.Optimisticandhappy. D.Humorousandhelpful.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公哈里森在飞行员失去知觉后，凭借着自己沉着冷静的处理方式化险为夷，成功降落飞机的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“DarrenHarrisonwasonhiswaybackfromafishingtripintheBahamaswhenthepilottoldhimandtheotherpassenger,afriendofthepilot’s,thathedidn’tfeelright.”（达伦·哈里森(DarrenHarrison)在巴哈马群岛钓完鱼回来的路上，飞行员告诉他和另一名乘客(他的朋友)，他感觉不舒服。）可知，哈里森在登机前去钓鱼了。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisonsaidthatthefirstmomentsbeforehemadeanycommunicationwithgroundcontrolsstoodouttohimasthescariestpartofthewholestory.”（哈里森说，在他与地面控制人员进行任何沟通之前的最初时刻，对他来说是整个故事中最可怕的部分。）可知，在初步联系空中交通管制之前是哈里森感到最可怕的时候。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Harrisonreachedoverthepilot’sbodyandpositionedhisarmsoverhimtograbthecontrols,slowlystartingtopullbackonthestickandturn.Hedidallthisjustoutofcommonsense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）以及第四段中“Fromthere,heaskedtheotherpassengerforhisheadsetandwasabletoconnect.withairtrafficcontrol,whoguidedhimonhowtosafelyland.Oncetheyreachedtheground,Harrisonsaidheslowlyfeatheredthebrakesastheymadeitdowntherunway.”（从那里，他向另一名乘客要了他的耳机，并能够连接。空中交通管制员指导他如何安全降落。一旦他们到达地面，哈里森说，当他们沿着跑道行驶时，他慢慢地踩下刹车。）可知，第3和第4段讲述了哈里森降落飞机的过程。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Atthatpoint,IknewifIdidn’treact,wewoulddie,”saidHarrison.”（在那一刻，我知道如果我不做出反应，我们就会死，”哈里森说。）以及第三段中“Harrisonreachedoverthepilot’sbodyandpositionedhisarmsoverhimtograbthecontrols,slowlystartingtopullbackonthestickandturn.Hedidallthisjustoutofcommonsense.”（哈里森越过飞行员的身体，把双臂放在他身上，抓住控制杆，慢慢地开始拉回操纵杆并转弯。他做这一切完全是出于常识。）可推知，哈里森在整个事件中表现得冷静且反应灵敏。故选B项。CAboutone-tenthoftheworld’spopulationsuffersfromhungerandnearlyoneinthreepeoplefacefoodinsecurity,accordingtorecentestimates.Yetbehindthosestrikingfigureshidesanother,closelyrelatedthreat:waterinsecurity.Inanew25-countrystudy,researchersreportastronglinkbetweenwaterinsecurity,alackofreliableaccesstosufficientwater,andfoodinsecurity.Theresearchersanalyzeddatafromanationallyrepresentativesampleofover31,000peopleages15andolderin25low-andmiddle-incomecountriesacrossAfrica,LatinAmericaandAsia.Overall,about18%ofparticipantswereclassifiedaswaterinsecurity.Thisrangedfromabout15%inAsiatoover34%insub-SaharanAfrica.Thefindings,basedondatacollectedforthefirsttimein2020byNorthwesternUniversityandtheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO),suggestthatimprovingaccesstowatercouldbekeytosustainablyandeffectivelyaddressingfoodinsecurityinmanyplaces.Whilethestudydidnotassessthecausesoffoodorwaterinsecurity,researcherssaidseveralfactorscouldexplainthelinkage.Forthoselivinginpoverty,spendingmoneyonwatercanmeanlessmoneyavailableforfood.Forfarmers,waterinsecuritycanmeanlesswateravailableforgrowingcropsandraisinglivestock.Timeisalsoanissue:Travelingfarfromhometocollectwatershiftsthetimeavailabletogenerateincomeorpreparefood.Basedonthesefindings,researcherssuggestedfoodinsecurityandwaterinsecurityshouldbemeasuredandaddressedatthesametime.Thiswouldensurethatinsufficientwaterdoesnotposeanadditionalbarriertofoodsecurityandinparticulartofoodutilization(使用),forexample,bypreventingpeoplefromusingfoodprovidedbyfoodassistanceprogramsbecausethereisnowatertoprepareit.Assuch,effortstoimproveaccesstowatercouldalsobringbenefitsforfoodsecurity.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tolistsomefigures. B.Tomakeanestimate.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Tomakeacomparison.9.Howdidresearchersmaketheirfindings?A.Throughexperimentaltest. B.Throughdoingsurveys.C.Throughfieldresearch. D.Throughdataanalysis.10.Howcouldfoodinsecuritybeeffectivelysolvedaccordingtothetext?A.Bybetteringwatersupply. B.Byraisingfoodawareness.C.Byexploringwatersources. D.Byimprovingaccesstofood.11Whatmayaffecttheuseoffoodfromassistanceprograms?A.Noplacetoprepareit. B.Lackofwatertocookit.C.Nomeanstotransportit. D.Shortofmoneytobuyit.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了世界上水资源不安全的问题。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Aboutone-tenthoftheworld’spopulationsuffersfromhungerandnearlyoneinthreepeoplefacefoodinsecurity,accordingtorecentestimates.Yetbehindthosestrikingfigureshidesanother,closelyrelatedthreat:waterinsecurity.(根据最近的估计，世界上约有十分之一的人口遭受饥饿，近三分之一的人面临粮食不安全。然而，在这些惊人的数字背后隐藏着另一个密切相关的威胁：水资源不安全)”以及后文都是在介绍水资源不安全有关的数据和原因，所以第一段的目的是引出主题。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inanew25-countrystudy,researchersreportastronglinkbetweenwaterinsecurity,alackofreliableaccesstosufficientwater,andfoodinsecurity.Theresearchersanalyzeddatafromanationallyrepresentativesampleofover31,000peopleages15andolderin25low-andmiddle-incomecountriesacrossAfrica,LatinAmericaandAsia.Overall,about18%ofparticipantswereclassifiedaswaterinsecurity.Thisrangedfromabout15%inAsiatoover34%insub-SaharanAfrica.(在一项针对25个国家的新研究中，研究人员报告说，水资源不安全、缺乏获得足够水的可靠途径和粮食不安全之间存在密切联系。研究人员分析了来自非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲25个低收入和中等收入国家的31000多名15岁及以上的全国代表性样本的数据。总体而言，约18%的参与者被归类为水资源不安全。这一比例从亚洲的15%到撒哈拉以南非洲的34%以上不等)”可知，研究人员是通过数据分析来得出他们的发现的。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thefindings,basedondatacollectedforthefirsttimein2020byNorthwesternUniversityandtheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO),suggestthatimprovingaccesstowatercouldbekeytosustainablyandeffectivelyaddressingfoodinsecurityinmanyplaces.(根据西北大学和联合国粮食及农业组织于2020年首次收集数据，这些发现表明，改善水资源获取可能是可持续和有效解决许多地方粮食不安全问题的关键)”可知，根据文章，通过改善供水可以有效地解决粮食不安全问题。故选A项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thiswouldensurethatinsufficientwaterdoesnotposeanadditionalbarriertofoodsecurityandinparticulartofoodutilization,forexample,bypreventingpeoplefromusingfoodprovidedbyfoodassistanceprogramsbecausethereisnowatertoprepareit.(这将确保缺水不会对粮食安全，特别是对粮食利用造成额外的障碍，例如，防止人们因为没有水来准备而使用粮食援助项目提供的食物)”可知，缺少烹饪的水会影响援助项目中食物的使用。故选B项。DImagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real-lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse(仓库)space,pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri,whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.“Therobotictechnologyalreadyexists,”saidSharanSrinivas,whospecializesindataanalyticsandoperationsresearch.“Ourgoalistobestapplythistechnologythroughefficientplanning.Todothis,we’reaskingquestionslike‘givenalistofitemstopick,howdoyouoptimize(优化)therouteplanforthehumanpickersandrobots?’or‘howmanyitemsshouldarobotpickinagiventour?’Likewise,wehaveasimilarsetofquestionsforthehumanworker.Themostchallengingpartisoptimizingthecollaborationplanbetweenthehumanpickersandrobots.”:Currently,alotofhumaneffortandlaborcostsareinvolvedwithfulfillingonlineorders.Tohelpoptimizethisprocess,roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots,alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots(AMRs),toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate(确定方向)aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.Srinivassaid,“Therobotisintelligent,soifit’sinstructedtogotoaparticularlocation,itcannavigatethewarehouseandnothitanyworkersorotherobstaclesalongtheway.AMRsarenotdesignedtoreplacehumanworkers,butinsteadcanworkcooperativelyalongsidethemtohelpincreasetheefficiencyoftheorderfulfillmentprocess.”“Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities”saidSrinivas.“Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems,sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collaboration”inparagraph3mean?A.Technology. B.Similarity. C.Exploration. D.Cooperation.13.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsequippedonAMRs?A.Tolookcool. B.Tosensewarnings.C.TodirectAMRs’way. D.Tofindhumanworkers.14.WhatareAMRsbadat?A.Jumping. B.Climbing. C.Walking. D.Holding.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheSimpleUseofRobotsB.WarehouseWorkersandRobotsC.MakingTransportRobotsSmarterD.TransportRobotsInventedbySharan【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Tohelpoptimizethisprocess,roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots,alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots(AMRs),toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.(为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人(amr)，在仓库或配送中心工作)”可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测collaboration应该是合作之意和D项Cooperation意思相近。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate(确定方向)aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.(AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航)”可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities,”saidSrinivas.“Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems,sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.”(“一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，”斯里尼瓦斯说。“但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。”)”可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real-lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse(仓库)space,pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.(想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户)”以及第二段“ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri,whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.(这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程)”可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项“MakingTransportRobotsSmarter(让运输机器人更智能)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverfeltstressed?Well,youarenotalone,aseverypersonintheworldhastofacestressatonetimeoranother.Stressispartoflife.____16____Herearesomestrategiesfordealingwithstressandpressure.Mostofthetime,stressisaresultoffeelingoverworked.____17____Forexample,youcouldkeepadailyorganizerandplanyouractivities.Getyourprioritiesstraightandfocusonthingsthatarereallyimportant.Donotgetcaughtupinminorissuesthatonlycreateadditionalworkforyou.Breaktasksdownintomanageablebitsandtacklethemonebyoneorstepbystep.____18____Doingthingsthatyoulikesuchaslisteningtomusic,takingawalk,orreadingabookcantakeyourmindoffthingsthatbotheryou.Evendoingnothingatallcanbebeneficial.Afterashortbreak,youwillfeelrefreshedandmoreabletotackleaproblemorapieceofwork.Finally,donotsetstandardstoohigh.They’llleadtodissatisfactionandpressure.Ifyouaimforperfectionallthetime,youwillendupfrustratedandstressedout.____19____Ifyouaretoouptightaboutsomething,youwillnotbeabletothinkclearlyandmakegooddecisions.Focusonwhathasalreadybeendoneandwhatisgood.Then,negativestressfulfeelingswilldisappear.Inconclusion,stressmaybeunavoidablebutitneedn’tmakelifemiserableforyou.Therearemanywaystoreduceanddealwithstresssuchasthethreestrategiessharedhere.____20____A.Properplanalsohelpsyouavoidthestress.B.Itisessentialtolearnhowtodealwithstress.C.Learntoletgoandlookatthepositivesideofthings.D.Besides,takingtimetorelaxcanhelpyoueasestress.E.Stressissomethingthatmakesyoulearnmoreaboutlife.F.Keepingyourselforganizedhelpsyougetridofthefeeling.GLearnthesewaysortrytofindotherwaystocontrolthestress.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何处理压力。【16题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Stressispartoflife.(压力是生活的一部分。)”说明的是压力是生活的一部分。下文“Herearesomestrategiesfordealingwithstressandpressure.(这里有一些应对压力的策略。)”说明的是本文介绍的是应对压力的策略。B项“学会如何处理压力是很重要的。”说明的是应正确处理压力，承接上文，引出下文。故选B。【17题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Mostofthetime,stressisaresultoffeelingoverworked.(大多数时候，压力是劳累过度的结果。)”说明的是有时压力产生的理由是过度劳累。下文“Forexample,youcouldkeepadailyorganizerandplanyouractivities.(例如，你可以组织和计划一下你的活动。)”说明的是应对日常生活进行计划和组织。F项“让自己有条理可以帮助你摆脱这种感觉。”说明的是让自己井井有条进行组织和计划。承接上文，引出下文。故选F。【18题详解】空格处引出下文。下文“Doingthingsthatyoulikesuchaslisteningtomusic,takingawalk,orreadingabookcantakeyourmindoffthingsthatbotheryou.(做一些你喜欢的事情，比如听音乐、散步或读书，可以让你的思绪从困扰你的事情中解脱出来。)”说明的是一些放松的方式。选项D“此外，花时间放松可以帮助你缓解压力。”说明的是放松可以减轻压力，作为本段的首局，引出下文。故选D。【19题详解】空格处承上启下。上文“Ifyouaimforperfectionallthetime,youwillendupfrustratedandstressedout.(如果你总是追求完美，你最终会感到沮丧和压力。)”说明的是追求完美会产生压力。下文“Ifyouaretoouptightaboutsomething,youwillnotbeabletothinkclearlyandmakegooddecisions.Focusonwhathasalreadybeendoneandwhatisgood.Then,negativestressfulfeelingswilldisappear.(如果你对某事过于紧张，你将无法清晰地思考并做出正确的决定。把注意力集中在已经完成的和好的方面。然后，负面的压力感就会消失。)”说明的是应关注积极的方面。所以空格处应该是让我们学会积极面对。选项C“学会放手，看到事物积极的一面。”承上启下，符合文意。故选C。【20题详解】空格处承接上文，总结全文。上文“Therearemanywaystoreduceanddealwithstresssuchasthethreestrategiessharedhere.(有很多方法可以减少和处理压力，比如这里分享的三个策略。)”说明有很多方法处理压力。选项G“学习这些方法或尝试寻找其他方法来控制压力。”，说明的是用这些方法来缓解压力，“theseways”指的是上文中提到的方法，G项承接上文，对全文作出总结，符合文意。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asaparentofgrownchildren,Ihavecometorealizethatmanythingsoccurredduringthosechild-rearingyearsthatIknewnothingabout.Atonegathering,mythirdchild,Shelly,____21____talkingaboutherhair.Shehasalwayshadbeautifulhair.Shesaidshehadredhighlights(挑染的头发)inherhairwhenshewasyounger.Webelievedherbecauseweall____22____that.Forthisdiscovery,shebroughtherhaircolortoour____23____.Shellylaughedwithusatthe____24____andthensaidaloudhowinterestingitwasthatshehadn’tseenanyhighlightsinmanyyears.Snickering(窃笑)____25____fromacrosstheroom.Weallturnedtolookatthe___26___.Myyoungesttwogirlsweresharingwide-eyed____27____andgiggles(傻笑).“Okay,whatisso____28____?”Iaskedthem,mylookdemandinga(n)____29____.Withlaughter,theyfinallysharedthe_____30_____ofastorythathadusalllaughingheartily.Fromtheirchildhood,twooftheirgoodfriendsoftenplayedtogetheratourhouse.Oneday,thefourgirls,_____31_____inagefromseventotenyearsatthetime,decidedtoforma_____32_____business.Thegirlsgathered_____33_____thingsfromthesurroundingforesttocombine,_____34_____tomakeanewperfume.Theyboiledpineneedles,wild-flowers,andwhatevertheyfoundinapotofwater.Thentheydecidedto_____35_____theperfumeintoashampoobottle,Shelly’sshampoobottle.Realizingthatthestrawberry-colored_____36_____lookeddifferentafteraddingtheirmixture,theydecidedtoadd_____37_____foodcoloring.TheytoldushowtheyrushedeachmorningtoShelly’sshowerinordertoshakeupthebottleand_____38_____thecolorthroughoutonceagain.Theywereterrifiedofthediscovery.Shelly’sfacewhitenedwith_____39_____andthenreddenedwithembarrassmentbeforesofteningintohumor.“Well,”shesaid,afteramoment,“Iguessthat_____40_____it.”21.A.began B.forgot C.avoided D.admitted22.A.argued B.pretended C.regretted D.remembered23.A.suffering B.attention C.inability D.determination24.A.project B.flame C.memory D.picture25.A.tookoff B.brokeout C.setup D.wentaway26.A.source B.crack C.destination D.invader27.A.touches B.feels C.sounds D.looks28.A.funny B.impolite C.willing D.positive29.A.reward B.invitation C.answer D.debate30.A.characters B.details C.copies D.heroes31.A.standing B.developing C.counting D.ranging32.A.paint B.cooking C.beauty D.wood33.A.various B.valuable C.extinct D.dangerous34.A.offering B.attempting C.designing D.volunteering35.A.close B.take C.get D.put36.A.contents B.container C.ingredients D.decorations37.A.black B.white C.red D.orange38.A.divide B.distribute C.release D.switch39.A.delight B.pride C.surprise D.anger40.A.affirms B.survives C.explains D.determines【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.A27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为一个成年孩子的父母，作者开始意识到，在养育孩子的岁月里，发生了许多她一无所知的事情。作者的孩子给她讲述了她们小时候发生的一件有趣的事情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次聚会上，我的第三个孩子雪莉开始谈论她的头发。A.began开始；B.forgot忘记；C.avoided避免；D.admitted准许……加入。根据下文“Shehasalwayshadbeautifulhair.Shesaidshehadredhighlights(挑染的头发)inherhairwhenshewasyounger.”可知，雪莉开始谈论她的头发。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们相信她，因为我们都记得。A.argued争论；B.pretended假装；C.regretted后悔；D.remembered记得。根据上文“Shesaidshehadredhighlights(挑染的头发)inherhairwhenshewasyounger.Webelievedher”可知，雪莉说她小时候有红色挑染的头发，我们都相信，说明我们都记得这件事情。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了这个发现，她让我们注意到她的发色。A.suffering痛苦；B.attention注意；C.inability无能；D.determination确定，决心。根据上文“Shesaidshehadredhighlights(挑染的头发)inherhairwhenshewasyounger.”可知，雪莉在谈论她头发的颜色，她让我们注意到她的发色。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想起这段往事，雪莉和我们一起笑了起来，然后大声说，她已经很多年没有看到任何挑染的头发了，这是多么有趣啊。A.project项目；B.flame火焰；C.memory回忆；D.picture图片。根据上文“Shesaidshehadredhighlights(挑染的头发)inherhairwhenshewasyounger.”及下文“thensaidaloudhowinterestingitwasthatshehadn’tseenanyhighlightsinmanyyears.”可知，雪莉和我们在回想这段往事，即那段回忆。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。A.tookoff起飞；B.brokeout爆发；C.setup设置；D.wentaway离开。根据上文“Snickering(窃笑)”及下文“Myyoungesttwogirlsweresharingwide-eyed____7____andgiggles(傻笑).”可知，此处指房间的另一头爆发出窃笑声。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都转过头去看源头。A.source来源；B.crack裂纹；C.destination目的地；D.invader入侵者。根据上文“Snickering(窃笑)____5____fromacrosstheroom.Weallturnedtolookat”可知，我们都转过头去看窃笑声的源头。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最小的两个女儿瞪着大大的眼睛，咯咯地笑着。A.touches触觉；B.feels感觉；C.sounds声音；D.looks表情。根据上文“Myyoungesttwogirlsweresharingwide-eyed”可知，此处指一种表情。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：好吧，是什么这么可笑？A.funny可笑的；B.impolite不礼貌的；C.willing愿意的；D.positive积极的。根据上文“Myyoungesttwogirlsweresharingwide-eyed____7____andgiggles(傻笑).”及下文“Iaskedthem”可知，此处在问她们傻笑的原因，应该是问“是什么这么可笑？”故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问她们，脸上的表情要求一个答案。A.reward奖励；B.invitation邀请；C.answer答案；D.debate辩论。根据上文““Okay,whatisso____8____?”Iaskedthem,”可知，我想要她们给出一个答案。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。A.characters字符；B.details细节；C.copies复印件；D.heroes英雄。根据下文内容可知，她们笑着分享了一个让我们开怀大笑的故事的细节。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A.standing站立；B.developing发展；C.counting计数；D.ranging(在一定的范围内)变化。根据下文“inagefromseventotenyearsatthetime”可知，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，四个女孩，当时年龄从7岁到10岁不等，决定成立一家美容公司。A.paint油漆；B.cooking烹饪；C.beauty美容；D.wood木材。根据下文“Thegirlsgathered____13____thingsfromthesurroundingforesttocombine,____14____