非谓语动词公开课省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

非谓语动词不定式(todo）否定(nottodo)V-ing（doing）否定(notdoing)过去分词（done）否定(notdone)在句子中充当除谓语动词以外各种句子成份动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种：Iwant

toreadabookwritten

bythewomanliving

there.谓语非谓语动词1/35

主语宾语定语表语补语状语TodoV-ingV-ed非谓语动词功效表2/35不定式在句子中能够充当哪些成份？1、作主语Torunisagoodhabit.(=Itisagoodhabittorun.)2、作表语Ourplanistobuildabridgeovertheriver.3、作宾语Iwanttobuy

adictionary.4、作定语Hehasachancetogoabroad.

5、作状语

Tofinishthework,hehadtogetupearly.6、作补语Iaskustohelphim.3/351、主语Noddingtheheadmeansagreement.点头表示同意。2、宾语Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindows?3、表语Hisjobissellingnewspapers.4、定语Thisisaswimmingpool.V-ing在句子当中能够充当哪些成份？5.补语Hekeptmewaitingsolong.6.状语Walkinginthestreet,Imetmyteacher.4/35过去分词在句子当中能够充当哪些成份？1、定语Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.2、表语Theshopisclosed.3、补语Shefeltherarmtoughed.4、状语

Seen

fromthespace,theearthlooksblue.5/35非谓语动词形式主动态被动态普通式todo

tobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing过去分词done

现在分词主动态

被动态普通式doing

beingdone

完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动词不定式6/35动词不定式形式Johnsaidthathehadruninordertocatchthebus.（普通式主动态）

Hehatedtobemisunderstoodbyothers.(普通式被动态)

Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively.(进行式)

Heintendedtohavetoldyouthat.(完成式主动态)

Thisworkofartseemedtohavebeencreatedlong

ago.(完成式被动态)

We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.(完成进行式)7/35现在分词形式

Hesatinachair,

readinganovel.(普通式主动态)Beingexhaustedbywork,hefellasleepquickly.(普通式被动态)Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentplaying.(完成式主动态)Allthishavingbeensettled,hewenthome.(完成式被动态)8/35过去分词形式

Seenfromthespace,theearthisfilledwithwater.

(过去分词被动态)9/35不定式和现在分词作宾语区分英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求不定式惯用以下动词后作宾语：agree,ask,attempt,begin,demand,desire,dislike,expect,decide,seem,intend,try,permit,refuse,manage,order,persuade,tend,fail,choose,forget,mean,pretend,promise,refuse,wait,等。比如:Hemanagedtopasstheexam.

Hepromisedtobehereatnine.

Ididn’texpecttoseeyouhere.2.动名词惯用以下动词后作宾语:admit,avoidcan’thelp,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,giveup,mind,practice,suggest,lookforwardto,

beusedtodoing,succeedin,feellike,stickto,

etc.

比如：

Somepeopledonotenjoysmoking.

Heavoidedansweringmyquestiondefinitely.

Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.10/35不定式,现在分词,过去分词做定语区分不定式表示即将发生动作,Thebuildingtobecompletednextmonthisourlibrary.现在分词表示现在发生动作,

Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.过去分词表示已经发生动作.Thebuildingbuiltisourlibrary.11/35不定式,现在分词,过去分词做状语区分不定式作状语普通表示目标,结果或原因:Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan．(目标Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．(结果)

Wearegladtohearthenews.(原因)

现在分词作状语普通表示伴随,主动或现在Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan．(伴随)Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.过去分词作状语普通表示被动或完成Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Thepopsinger,followedbytwobodyguards,cametomeethisfans.

12/35不定式,现在分词,过去分词做宾补区分有些使役动词及感官动词后如let,make,have,hear,see,feel,smell,hear,watch等

动词不定式只说明宾语一个动作,宾语与动词不定式是主动关系Justthenheheardsomeonesinginthenextroom.现在分词说明宾语动作正在进行，宾语与现在分词是主动关系Thenheheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom.过去分词说明宾语与过去分词是被动关系Hehadhisbikerepairedyesterday.Hefoundhiswatchstolen.13/35注意问题1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语差异

1）forgettodo忘记要去做某事（此事未做）

forgetdoing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）

2）stoptodo停顿、中止（某件事），目标是去做另一件事

stopdoing停顿正在或经常做事

3）remembertodo记住去做某事（未做）

rememberdoing记得做过某事(已做)

4)regrettodo对要做事遗憾

regretdoing对做过事遗憾、后悔

5）trytodo努力、企图做某事

trydoing试验、试一试某种方法

6)meantodo打算，有意要…

meandoing意味着

7）goontodo继而（去做另外一件事情）

goondoing继续（原先没有做完事情）

8）proposetodo打算（要做某事）

proposingdoing提议（做某事）

14/352.不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语

Ihavesomethingtodotonight.Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish.

3.疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式组成一个特殊不定式短语:

Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.

(主语)

Idon’tknowwhattodo．我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver．

(表语)

15/35

非谓语动词中句型

1）Doing...+v.

Readingisanart.阅读是门艺术。Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。

2)Itis+nouse/good(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,...)等名词+doingsth.

Itisnousecrying.哭没有用。3)Thereisnouse(good/point/sense/harm)+doingsth

做某事没用

Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk．

16/354)go+Ving示“从事…”之意

I’llgocampingtomorrow．我明天去露营。

I’llgoshopping．我去商店。

Itisnogoodobjecting.反对也没有用。

5)在want,need,require等动词后,惯用动名词主动形式表示被动意思。比如：

Myhairneedscutting.(=Myhairneedstobecut.)6)在一些固定结构Generally/Franklyspeaking…,Judgingfrom/by…中，分词逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数极少几个动词

Judgingbyhisdress,hecomesfromawealthyfamily.Franklyspeaking,Idon'tlikehimatall.17/35不定式

NMET第19题I’veworkwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat___inmyjob.A.expectedB.toexpectCtobeexpectingD.expectsB该题考查疑问+不定式在句中做宾语使用方法。英语中有一些动词后能够跟一个疑问词不定式做宾语，如：tell,discuss,know,show,learn,decide,wonder,explain…不定式作用解析18/35[例2]NMET1999第21Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake.B不定式因为主语是thepurpose，在（purpose,wish,promise,plan）后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式，to不能省略，所以组成thepurposeisto…notto…do句型，故选B。不定式作用解析19/35[例3]NMET1997第1Iwouldlove_____tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegoneD不定式

该题考查动词不定式做宾语使用方法。wouldlove(like)to是固定搭配，所以B、C、不合题意。Wouldlove+不定式普通式，表示“想，希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望而未曾实现”意思。解析不定式时态和语态20/35[例4]NMET第Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_______whethertheywillenjoyit.()A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen

比如：ItwasthefirstsuchprojecttobedesignedbyChineseengineers.Thequestiontobediscussedatthenextmeetingwillberatherdifficult.

B不定式语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰词逻辑关系,被动关系用被动.解析21/35不定式[例5]NMET1996年Thepatientwaswarned____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteatC

该题考查不定式否定式作主补。要注意warn后跟词方式，①

warnsb.nottodosth.②warnsb.againstdoingsth.该题应该用①结构另外，not应放在to之前。

在大多数动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少数动词（五个看see,watch,notice,observe,lookat；三使役make,let,have;二听listento,hear等）须接不带to不定式做宾补。解析不定式否定形式22/35过去分词1.作状语[例1]NMET1996第23题_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseC1.该题考查过去分词作状语使用方法动词-ing或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。2.“陷入深思”有两种表示法，A.LoseoneselfinthoughtB.belostinthought,按句子提供语境可用结构B.解析过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语使用方法。23/35过去分词2.作定语[例2]NMET1997第17TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA

①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示动作以完成。②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。③不定式作定语表示将要发生动作。所以A是正确。Firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.解析24/35过去分词3.作表语[例3]NMET1998第23题Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayC该题考查分词作表语使用方法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人酬劳。此题被动结构作表语。类似有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.解析25/35V.-ing形式[例]NMET1998

Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeAv.-ing形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语使用方法Makingitthepopularsportintheworld为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子后面,ing表示顺其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。如：解析Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Herushedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosed26/35过去分词4.作补语该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语使用方法。theplan与carryout关系是被动关系。seesth.done这结构常见还有watch(notice,observe,have和make)sth.done.[例4]NMET第22题Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee___thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutC解析27/35历年高考题1.Friendshipislikemoney：easiermadethan______(‘03上海春)A．kept

B．tobekept

C．keeping

D．beingkept

2.____themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement．A．ThepresidentwillattendB．Thepresidenttoattend(‘03上海春)C．ThepresidentattendedD．Thepresident'sattending3.Unless___tospeak，youshouldremainsilentattheconference．A．invitedB．invitingC．beinginvitedD．havinginvited(‘03上春)4.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole______inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive．(‘03上海春)A．tohaveplayed

B．toplayC．tobeplayed

D．tobeplayingADAB28/355.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?(MET9317)A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking6.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.(MET9324)A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.Turn7.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(MET9334)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented

8.---Imustapologizefor____aheadoftime.---That’sallright.(MET9421)A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknow9.

Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.(NMET9422)A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding29/35

10.Themissingboyswerelastseen____neartheriver.(NMET9425)A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay11.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET9434)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written12.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret____that.(NMET9526)A.todob.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone13.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_____.(NMET9535)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto14.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---____hernewbicycle.(97上海13)A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing30/3515.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.

(97上海12)

A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned16.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_____theflower-linedgarden.

(95上海20)

A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin17.Whileshopping,peoplesometimecan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.(96上海14)A.

topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded

18.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____itmoredifficult.(NMET9921)A.

notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake19.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_____.(99上海19)A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone20.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”(NMET9925)A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading31/355.Mrs.Smithwarnedherhusband_____afterdrinkingagainandagain.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive6.Tomasteraforeignlanguage,______.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedsalotofpracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.oneneedsalotofpractice

20.Thelibraryneeds______,butit’llhavetowaituntilSunday.A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned4.Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat_____isbelieving.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.tobeseen1.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learn2.It’sapayday，andtheyarewaiting____.A.payB.payingC.paidD.tobepaid3.---Alettermaybetooslow.----Whynot____atelegram.A.trysendingB.trytosendC.totrysendingD.tryingtosend巩固练习CDABAD32/351._____isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk2.Whenandwheretobuildthenewpowerstation______yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided3.Is______necessarytochangetrainsatBeijing?A.this B.that C.it D.he4.Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat_____isbelieving.A.toseeB.seeingC.seeD.tobeseen5.Shepretended____theletterIwrotethedaybeforeyesterday.A.nottoreceiveB.notreceivingC.nottohearfromD.havingnotreceived6.Ican’timagine_____thatwithsuchafamousauthor.A.workB.toworkC.tobeworkingD.workingNon-infinitive33/357.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest8.Doyouconsider___anygoodattemptingma