2024年人教版中考英语二轮语法复习专题主谓一致

专题主谓一致中考英语二轮复习语法梳理1知识梳理2考点精讲精练Challenge

yourself判断下列句子是否保持主谓一致，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。（

T

）1.Sofar，thenumberofpandashasdropped.（

F

）2.Readinggoodbooksaremeaningfultoourfuture.（

T

）3.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyoumakeawisechoice.（

F

）4.Robertwithhistwokidsgotothebeachforvacationeveryyear.（

T

）5.NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfatheriscrazyaboutthebasketballmatch.TFTFT语法一致原则知识点1▶基础题1.（2023·牡丹江改编）XuMengtaowonthe2022TouchingChinaaward.Nevergivingup⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）thekeytohersuccess.2.（2022·黔东南改编）Inourschoollibrary，there⁠⁠

are

⁠（be）anumberofbooksonart.Thenumberofthebooks⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）stillgrowinglargerandlarger.is

are

is

3.（2021·巴中改编）—Amazing！Tomgotthebestgradeinthetestlastweek.—Nothing⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）impossible.Hestudiesreallyhardthisterm.is

4.Thispairofgloves⁠⁠

ismade

⁠（make）ofwool

andthey⁠⁠

aremade

⁠（make）byhand.5.ThisEnglishbook，togetherwithitslisteningmaterial，⁠⁠

sells

⁠（sell）well.ismade

aremade

sells

▶易错题6.Heisoneofmyfriendswho⁠⁠

are

⁠（be）workinghard.7.Weeach⁠⁠

have

⁠（have）strongpointsandeachofusontheotherhand⁠⁠

has

⁠（have）weakpoints.8.Youcansee70％oftheclass⁠⁠

are

⁠（be）doingmostofthework.Therestofthework⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）reallyhard.are

have

has

are

is

⁠

⁠主谓一致是指句子的谓语与其主语在人称和数等方面必须保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。语法一致原则是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上要保持一致，即主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。主语谓语动词的数例句不可数名词、单数可数名词、第三人称单数单数Theyoungman⁠⁠

is

⁠fromChangsha.那位年轻人来自长沙。复数名词、人称代词复数及第二人称单数you复数Thechildren⁠⁠

were

⁠intheclassroomtwohoursago.孩子们两小时前在教室里。both…and…连接的名词、代词复数BothTomandSam⁠⁠

play

⁠thedrumswell.汤姆和萨姆鼓打得都很好。is

were

play

主语谓语动词的数例句动词不定式、动词的-ing形式或从句单数Runningeverymorning⁠⁠

is

⁠goodforus.每天早晨跑步对我们有益。Whathesaid⁠⁠

is

⁠nottrue.他说的不是真的。oneof＋可数名词复数/复数代词单数Oneofthebooks⁠⁠

is

⁠boring.这些书里有一本很无聊。is

is

is

主语谓语动词的数例句either，neither，each，every或no＋单数名词单数Eachstudent⁠⁠

has

⁠anEnglishdictionary.每个学生都有一本英语词典。由every-，some-，any-，no-构成的复合不定代词单数Nothing⁠⁠

is

⁠difficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。has

is

主语谓语动词的数例句主语后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，like，aswellas，including等取决于前面主语的数，即“就远原则”Theteacherwithhisstudents⁠⁠

is

⁠goingtovisitthemuseum.那个老师和他的学生们将去参观博物馆。分数/百分数＋of＋名词取决于短语后面的名词的数Threefifthsoftheworkersinthefactory⁠⁠

are

⁠men.工厂里五分之三的工人是男性。is

are

主语谓语动词的数例句alotof/lotsof/plentyof/therestof＋名词取决于短语后面的名词的数Lotsofpeople⁠⁠

havebeen

⁠totheGreatWall.很多人去过长城。定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which作主语时与先行词的数保持一致Ilikethestudentswho⁠⁠

study

⁠hard.我喜欢努力学习的学生。havebeen

study

主语谓语动词的数例句anumberof＋可数名词复数复数Anumberofbooks⁠⁠

are

⁠givenawaytothepoorstudents.许多书被捐赠给了那些贫穷的学生。thenumberof＋可数名词复数单数Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass⁠⁠

is

⁠50.我们班学生的数量是50。are

is

主语谓语动词的数例句apairof＋可数名词复数单数Apairofnewshoes⁠⁠

isgiven

⁠tohimasapresentbyhisgrandma.他奶奶送给他一双新鞋作为礼物。数词＋pairs/kinds＋of＋可数名词复数复数Sixtypairsofsocks⁠⁠

aresold

⁠everyweekonaverageintheshop.这个商店平均每周卖60双袜子。isgiven

aresold

意义一致原则知识点2▶基础题1.Thefamily⁠⁠

are

⁠（be）allfondoflisteningtomusic.2.（2022·湘西改编）There⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）onlyoneearthbutbillionsof（数十亿）peopleintheworld，soweshouldprotecttheearth.3.（2023·达州改编）—NeitherLilynorherparents⁠⁠

were

⁠（be）outdoorswhentherainstormcame.are

is

were

4.（2021·营口改编）Onethousandkilometers⁠⁠

was

⁠（be）quitealongwaytotheancients，butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.5.（2022·郴州改编）—ThesongTogether

for

a

Shared

Futureisverypopularnow.—That’sforsure！Boththeyoungandtheold⁠⁠

like

⁠（like）it.was

like

▶易错题6.Idon’tthinkthenewsinthenewspaper⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）true.7.Thisismygoodfriend，Lucy.NotonlyshebutalsoI⁠⁠

am

⁠（be）goodatrecycling.Weoftenmakesometoysoutofwaste.8.Apoetandartist⁠⁠

is

⁠（be）comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrow.is

am

is

⁠

⁠意义一致原则是指从意义上处理主谓一致关系。谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语所表示的概念。主语谓语动词的数例句有些词如maths，news，physics虽以-s结尾，但表示单数意义单数Mathsisoneofthemostimportantsubjects.数学是最重要的学科之一。主语谓语动词的数例句集体名词（如：family/class/team/group/public等）取决于主语的意义HisfamilyisgoingtomovetoNanjing.他一家要搬到南京。（作为整体时，用单数）Thewholefamilyarehavingdinner.全家人正在吃饭。（作家庭成员讲时，用复数）主语谓语动词的数例句表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词单数Fivepoundsisenough.五英镑就足够了。Threeyearshaspassedquickly.三年的时间很快就过去了。主语谓语动词的数例句the＋姓氏名词复数，表示“……一家人；……夫妇”复数TheSmithshavedecidedtogotoKunmingforholiday.史密斯一家人已经决定去昆明度假了。the＋形容词，表示一类人复数Theyoungareenergetic.年轻人精力充沛。主语谓语动词的数例句“morethana/an＋单数名词”或“manya/an＋单数名词”单数Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.许多学生看过这部电影。and连接并列主语，表示同一个人或物（注：and后面无冠词）单数Thedoctorandwriter⁠⁠

is

⁠veryfamous.这位医生兼作家非常有名。is

就近一致原则知识点3就近一致原则是指谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数保持一致。therebe/herebe句型：当主语是并列的人或事物时，be动词与最靠近的主语保持一致There⁠⁠

is

⁠atableandtwochairsintheroom.房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。There⁠⁠

are

⁠twochairsandatableintheroom.房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。is

are

由either…or…（或者……或者……），neither…nor…（既不……，也不……；两者都不），notonly…butalso…（不但……而且……）等词连接并列主语时，谓语动词跟邻近的主语保持一致Neitheryounorhe⁠⁠

is

⁠right.你和他都不对。EitheryouorI⁠⁠

am

⁠wrong.不是你错了，就是我错了。NotonlyhebutalsoI⁠⁠

am

⁠invited.不仅他被邀请了，我也被邀请了。is

am

am

3试题演练

根据语境,用be动词或所给词的适当形式填空。1.(2023·江苏淮安二模改编)—Didyouhaveagoodtimeatthepartylastnight?—Yes,butthenumberofstudents

lessthan20,sowewenthomeearly.

2.(2023·四川自贡改编)—What’syourplanforthecomingDragonBoatFestival?—Mostofus

readytomakezongzi.

3.Ourgroup

discussingheatedlyonthesubjectnow.

wasareare

4.Smogandhazeisakindofairpollution.It

(make)people

(worry)abouttheirhealth.

5.Everyman,womanandchild

(know)somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.

6.BothJacksonandCaroline

interestedinwatchingcartoons,becausethey’refunny.

7.Theoldwoman,togetherwithhertwograndsons,

crossingtheroad.