高中英语-Unit-22-Environmental-Protection-Section-Ⅰ-省公

Unit

22Environmental

Protection1/106典句观赏了解诱思【文章导语】

因为气候、环境等各种原因影响,很多动物濒临灭绝。我们应该怎样拯救它们呢?2/106典句观赏了解诱思Ananimalspeciesbecomesextinctwhenitfailstoproduceenoughyoungineachgenerationtokeeppacewiththedeath-rate.Wecantellfromfossilevidenceinrocksthatmanylivingspecieshavebecomeextinctoverthemillionsofyearssincelifebegan.Itisanaturalprocessandextinctionisthefateofanyanimalthathasspecializedtoofartochangewhenitsenvironmentchanges,orhastocompetewithabetter-adaptedandmorepowerfulanimal.Becauseofremarkabletechnicaldevelopmentsduringthepastfewcenturies,manhasdestroyedornearlydestroyedsomespeciesbykillingthematsucharatethattheycouldn’tproduceenoughoffspring,orbycompletelychangingtheirnaturalenvironmentatsurprisingspeed.3/106典句观赏了解诱思Anumberofexamplescanbegivenofthewayinwhichnaturalenvironmentsarebeingrapidlychanged—Amazonia,forinstance.Thereiseverylikelihoodthatmanyspeciesofanimalswillbemadeextinctbecauseoftheseandsimilarclearancesofnaturalvegetation.Largenumbersofanimalshavebeenhuntedandkilledforfood.TheNorthAmericanbuffaloisacaseofthenear-extinctionofaspeciesthroughhunting.Oftenthenumbersaresogreatthatthehuntersmaynotrealizethedanger.Butevenwhenthedangeriswidelypublicized,thefinancialrewardsforthehuntersmaybesogreatthattheychoosetoignorethethreattothespecies.Attitudeslikethishaveledtohunterskillinganimalsforfurs,forivoryormerelyforornaments.4/106典句观赏了解诱思Aslightvariationonthisiswhentouristshuntanimalsfortrophies.Magnificentcreaturessuchaslionsandtigershavebeenhuntedoutofexistenceinsomepartsoftheworld.Itisimportanttorealize,though,thatanimalsaresometimeskilledoutoffear.Bigcatsarekilledinthisway.Andanimalsaresometimeskilledoutofawishtoreducenumberstohelpthespeciestosurvive.5/106典句观赏了解诱思Manypeopleareconcernedaboutanimalsandwildlifeconservation.Onewaytopreservespeciesunderthreatofextinction—whateverthecause—istoremovethemtozoosandparksandbreedthemthere.Thereisalwaysthechancethatenoughoffspringwillbeborntoreturnthemonedaytotheirnaturalenvironment—provideditstillexists,andthathuntersdon’tkillthemagain!Anothermethodistoprotecttheanimalsintheirnaturalenvironmentbycreatingwildlifereservesandparksandusinggamewardenstolookafterthem.6/106典句观赏了解诱思译文当一个动物不能在每一代都繁殖出足够后代而与其死亡率相平衡时,它就会逐步灭绝了。我们可从岩石里化石遗留下证据中得出结论:自生命开始数百万年以来,许多物种已经灭绝了。这是一个很自然演化过程,任何一个过于特殊化而不能随环境改变而改变动物,或者任何一个与适应性更强、更强大动物来竞争动物,灭绝都是其必定命运。因为近几个世纪技术迅猛发展,人类大量捕杀动物以致其繁殖不出足够多后代,或者以惊人速度改变它们生存自然环境,结果一些动物已经被毁灭或几乎被毁灭了。7/106典句观赏了解诱思很多例子都能够说明自然环境是怎样快速被改变,亚马孙国家森林公园就是一个例子。许各种动物将很有可能因为自然植物在这些或类似地方被砍伐殆尽而濒临灭绝。大量动物被捕杀用作食物。北美野牛就是一个因捕猎而近乎灭绝例子。动物数量经常很大,因而捕猎者可能意识不到它们存在灭绝危险。但即使这种危险被广而告之,捕猎者会受巨大经济利益驱使而无视捕猎给动物带来威胁。这种思想使猎人为获取动物毛皮、象牙或仅仅为了做一些装饰品而捕杀动物。与此略有不一样是旅行者为了留个纪念而追杀动物。狮子、老虎之类大型动物在世界一些地方已被杀光。但有时人捕杀动物是因为害怕动物,认识到这一点非常主要。大型猫科动物就是这么被捕杀。有时为了帮助动物生存要捕杀一些以降低其数量。8/106典句观赏了解诱思许多人关心动物及野生动物保护。不论动物濒危原因是什么,保护方法之一就是把它们迁移到动物园和公园,在那儿喂养它们。等它们繁殖出足够数量后代以后,完全有可能在未来某一天放它们回归自然,其条件是它们还存活而且猎人不再捕杀它们。另一个方法是在动物生存自然环境里创建野生动植物保护区和野生动植物园,由管理人员负责看护这些动物。

9/106典句观赏了解诱思We

can

tell

from

fossil

evidence

in

rocks

that

many

living

species

have

become

extinct

over

the

millions

of

years

since

life

began.我们可从岩石里化石遗留下证据中得出结论:自生命开始数百万年以来,许多物种已经灭绝了。There

is

always

the

chance

that

enough

offspring

will

be

born

to

return

them

one

day

to

their

natural

environment—provided

it

still

exists,and

that

hunters

don’t

kill

them

again!等它们繁殖出足够数量后代以后,完全有可能在未来某一天放它们回归自然,其条件是它们还存活而且猎人不再捕杀它们。10/106典句观赏了解诱思1.The

author

writes

this

passage

to

tell

us

.

A.all

rare

animals

in

the

world

have

been

in

dangerB.we

can

do

nothing

to

protect

the

animalsC.we

can

do

something

to

save

some

endangered

animalsD.it

is

because

of

global

warming

that

all

animals

have

died

out答案:C2.What

will

you

do

to

protect

the

animals

in

danger?Why?答案:略11/106Section

ⅠWarm-up

&

Lesson

1Global

Warming12/106一二三四五六一、词义匹配AB()1.trap a.totreatthingsthathavealreadybeenusedsothattheycanbeusedagain()2.principle b.morethansth.()3.conservation c.closelyconnectedwiththesubjectyouarediscussingorthesituationyouarethinkingabout()4.beyond d.tokeepsb.inadangerousplaceorbadsituationthattheywanttogetoutofbutcannot()5.relevant e.theprotectionofthenaturalenvironment()6.recycle f.amoralruleorastrongbeliefthatinfluencesyouractions答案:1.d2.f3.e4.b5.c6.a13/106一二三四五六二、猜词拼写1.

tosaythatyouwillcausetrouble,hurtsb.,etc.ifyoudonotgetwhatyouwant

2.

tosupportsth.publicly

3.

togiveupsth.thatisimportantorvaluabletoyouinordertogetordosth.thatseemsmoreimportantforyourselforforanotherperson

4.

toforcesb.toacceptadifficultorunpleasantsituation

5.

thefactoftwothingshappeningatthesametimebychance,inasurprisingway

threatenadvocatesacrificecondemncoincidence14/106一二三四五六三、词汇拓展1.consultant动词

vt.咨询

2.agriculture形容词

adj.农业

3.reservation动词

vt.保留

consultagriculturalreserve15/106一二三四五六四、单句填空1.Theteachertoldthelittlechildrenthattheearth

(travel)aroundthesun.

2.Heaskedhissonwhathe

(do)whenhegraduatedfromcollege.

3.Thepolicewarnedthevillagers

(notcome)outatnightduringthatweek.

4.Theyoungmandenied

(steal)acomputerfromtheshop.

5.Marysaidthatshe

(get)upearlyeverymorningwhenshewasinthecountry.

travelswoulddonottocomestealinggot16/106一二三四五六五、阅读课文“Global

Warming”,回答以下问题1.Whichisoneofthebiggestenvironmentalproblemsinthe21stcentury?A.Raisingsealevel. B.Globalwarming.C.Moreandmorefactories. D.Floodsanddroughts.2.Scientistsfoundthatthetemperatureiscontrolledby

.

A.thesunshine B.thegasfromtheEarthC.thegreenhousegases D.theEarth’sclimate3.Whatresultsintheincreaseoftheglobalaveragetemperature?A.Humanactivities. B.Burningfuels.C.Plantingtrees. D.Bushfires.BCA17/106一二三四五六4.Whichistheproperorderofthefollowingdisasters?A.globalwarming→floodingislandsandcities→raisingsealevel→polaricemeltingB.raisingsealevel→globalwarming→polaricemelting→floodingislandsandcitiesC.raisingsealevel→polaricemelting→globalwarming→floodingislandsandcitiesD.globalwarming→polaricemelting→raisingsealevel→floodingislandsandcitiesD18/106一二三四五六5.Whatisthemainideaforthelastparagraph?A.TheUSAshouldplayanimportantpartinreducingcarbondioxide.B.Everyoneshouldtryhisbesttosaveenergyandreducecarbondioxide.C.Wemuststudyhardandoftendoexperiments.D.Pupilsaresuggestedtoswitchoffthelightswhenleavingtheclassroom.B19/106一二三四五六六、完成下面课文缩写,尤其注意动词形式Can

we

take

the

heat?Inthelastfewdecades,scientists1.

(report)thathumanbeingsarecausingchangesintheEarth’sclimate,whichwasconsidered2.

ourcontrol.Theyclaimthatinthelast50years,gasespumpedintotheEarth’satmospherebythefactoriesandvehicles3.

(speed)uptheprocessofglobalwarmingandaffectingourclimate.Globalwarming,4.

isseenasoneof5.

(big)environmentalproblemsfacingthe21stcentury,isadangertoourlives.ThetemperatureoftheEarth6.

(control)bygreenhousegases.Whenthe7.

(present)ofthesegasesintheatmosphereincreases,theEarth’stemperaturerises.havereportedbeyondhavebeenspeedingwhichthebiggestiscontrolledpresence20/106一二三四五六Overthelast100years,humanactivities8.

(cause)globalwarming.Ifitcontinuestorise,humanbeings9.

(suffer)severeconsequences.Howcanwestopthesedisastersfromhappening?Governmentsallovertheworldhavearesponsibilitytoreducetheamountofcarbondioxide.Iflesscarbondioxidegoesintotheatmosphere,globalwarmingwillslowdown.Thereisnoeasytask,however,andsomegovernmentsexpressreservationsabout10.

globalwarmingisreallycausedbyhumanactivities.Evensimplethingslikeusingrecycledpapercanhelp.Wecanmakesmallchanges,whichcanbeaddeduptosaveourfuture.Afterall,there’snosubstituteforourEarth.

havecausedwillsufferwhether21/10612345678910111213141.Because

of

the

greenhouse

effect,the

Earth

is

warmed

by

gases

trapped

in

the

atmosphere.(Page

5)因为有温室效应,被困在大气中气体会使地球变暖。★考点

trap

vt.使困住,使陷入困境;使陷入圈套

n.圈套;计策①【高考典句】(北京高考)Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.几个青少年爬上数层楼梯,把食物和水送给被困在停电高楼里老人们。②Suddenly,theyoungmanfellintoatrapwhilewalkingintheforest.这个年轻人在森林里走着时突然掉进了陷阱里。22/1061234567891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Unfortunately,thetigerwas

caught

in

a

trapthen.词组

becaughtinatrap

意义

陷入困境

④Iusedtofall

into

the

trap

ofputtingworkbeforefamily.词组

fallintothetrapof...

意义

掉进……陷阱

⑤InonesceneoftheTVseriesOde

to

Joy,thefivegirlswere

trapped

inalift.词性

betrappedin

意义

被困在……里

⑥Theytrapped

the

little

boy

into

tellingthemtheexactplace.词组

trapodoingsth.

意义

诱骗某人做某事

23/1061234567891011121314be

caught

in

a

trap陷入困境fall

into

the

trap

of...掉进……陷阱be

trapped

in被困在……里trap

o

doing

sth.诱骗某人做某事24/106123456789101112131425/106123456789101112131426/1061234567891011121314答案:(1)weretrappedin/intothemine(2)setatrap;trapanimals(3)wastrappedinto(4)Havingbeentrappedin/into(5)trappedundertheruins(6)trap;totrap;traps;aretrapped27/10612345678910111213142.Breweries

are

often

built

in

nature

reserves.(Page

5)啤酒厂经常建在自然保护区内。★考点

reserve

n.保护区

vt.保留;预定①【高考典句】

(江苏高考)Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Norphelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3ofwater.建立了九个这么冰保护区,诺菲尔计算出,他储存了大约20万立方米水。②IhavereservedaroominthenameofMary.我已经以玛丽名字预定了一个房间。28/1061234567891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Themoneywasbeingkeptin

reservefortheirretirement.词组

inreserve

意义

备用

④Theyhavereserved

the

seat

fortheirimportantguest.词组

reservesth.forsb.

意义

为某人预留某物

⑤I’llcalltherestauranttomake

a

reservation.词组

makeareservation

意义

预订

⑥WhenIgetintotrouble,healwayshelpsmewithout

reservation.词组

withoutreservation

意义

毫无保留地

29/1061234567891011121314in

reserve备用reserve

sth.for

sb.为某人预留某物make

a

reservation预订without

reservation毫无保留地30/106123456789101112131431/10612345678910111213143.In

the

last

few

decades,scientists

have

reached

consensus

and

reported

that

human

beings

are

causing

changes

in

the

Earth’s

climate—something

previously

seen

as

beyond

our

control.(Page

6)在过去几十年里,科学家们一致认为,人们正在造成地球气候改变——这是一个先前被认为是超出我们控制能力现象。★考点

beyond

prep.超出

adv.在更远处,另外①【高考典句】

(上海高考)Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.然而,超出了某种程度,更多压力只会造成疲惫、疾病,并最终瓦解。②Oursuccessisbeyondmycontrol.我们成功远远超出了我控制范围。32/1061234567891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Itisbeyond

mewhyshewantstomarryJack.词组

beyondsb.

意义

使某人无法了解

④Itisbeyond

my

powertohelpyouout.词组

beyondone’spower

意义

超出某人能力

⑤Thehandlewasjustbeyond

my

reach.词组

beyondone’sreach

意义

某人够不到

⑥Thecentreofthecityhaschangedbeyond

recognition.词组

beyondrecognition

意义

认不出来

33/1061234567891011121314beyond

sb.使某人无法了解beyond

one’s

power超出某人能力

beyond

one’s

reach某人够不到beyond

recognition认不出来beyond

belief难以置信beyond

description难以描述beyond

expression难以表示34/106123456789101112131435/10612345678910111213144.Looking

ahead,scientists

believe

that

global

warming

could

be

one

of

the

biggest

environmental

problems

facing

the

21st

century.(Page

6)展望未来,科学家们认为全球变暖可能是21世纪所面临最大环境问题之一。★考点

look

ahead

展望未来①Look

ahead,andyouwillseeabrightfuture.向前看,你会看到光明未来。②Herideaistolook

aheadandmakeagoodplan.她想法是展望未来并制订一个好计划。36/1061234567891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Themanlooked

around,buthedidn’tseeanything.词组

lookaround

意义

向四面看;环视

④Youmustn’tlook

down

uponthedisabledlivingthere.词组

lookdownupon

意义

看不起

⑤Thepolicemenarelooking

intothecase.Justalittlepatience.词组

lookinto

意义

调查

⑥Themanlooked

throughthenewspapersbutdidn’tfindthenews.词组

lookthrough

意义

浏览

37/1061234567891011121314look

around向四面看;环视look

down

upon看不起look

into调查look

through浏览38/106123456789101112131439/10612345678910111213145.But

what

exactly

is

global

warming,why

is

it

seen

as

a

danger,and

how

is

it

relevant

to

our

lives?(Page

6)不过,确切地说,什么是全球变暖?为何把它视为一个危险?它怎样与我们生活相关呢?★考点

relevant

adj.相关①【高考典句】

(北京高考)Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.而且,我完成了计算机基础高级课程,加上五门与大学预科相关课程。②Whatyousaidwasnotrelevanttothesubject.你说话与这个主题无关。40/1061234567891011121314be

relevant

to...与……相关41/1061234567891011121314(4)Doyouhavetherelevantexperience?答案:(1)therelevantinformation(2)isdirectlyrelevantto(3)警察正在问询相关细节。(4)你有相关经验吗?42/10656123478910111213146.Global

warming

refers

to

an

average

increase

in

the

Earth’s

temperature

that,in

turn,leads

to

climate

change.(Page

6)全球变暖指是地球温度平均升高,并由此造成气候发生改变。★考点一

refer

to

指,意即①Iknowwhoyouwerereferring

tojustnow.我知道你刚才指是谁。②Asamatteroffact,Iwasn’treferring

toherdaughter.实际上,我说不是她女儿。43/1065612347891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词或词组词性和意义③Sheaskedhermothernottorefer

totheyoungmanagain.词组

referto

意义

提及

④Youmayrefer

toyournoteswhileyouaregivingaspeech.词组

referto

意义

查阅

⑤Thespeakerreferred

to

him

asafamousscientist.词组

referto...as...

意义

把……称作……

⑥Hemadeseveralreferencestoherlatestbook.词性

名词

意义

提到44/1065612347891011121314refer

to指,意即;提及;查阅refer

to...as...把……称作……reference

n.提到;查阅;参考45/1065612347891011121314(4)他讲话是泛指普通情况,不是针对某一个人。Hisstatement

peopleingeneral,nottoanyoneinparticular.

46/1065612347891011121314答案:(1)referredto(2)forfuturereference(3)refertoas(4)refersto47/1065612347891011121314★考点二

in

turn

依次①Increasedproductionwill,in

turn,leadtoincreasedprofits.增加生产继而会增加利润。②Theoryisbasedonpracticeandin

turnservespractice.理论以实践为基础,反过来又服务于实践。考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Theyoungmanwassad,forhissuggestionwasturned

down.词组

turndown

意义

拒绝

④Youmustturn

inyourpasswhenyouleavethebuilding.词组

turnin

意义

上交

⑤Thebabyissleepingnow.You’dbetterturn

offyourradio.词组

turnoff

意义

关闭

48/1065612347891011121314⑥Itiseighto’clocknow,butshehasn’tturned

up.词组

turnup

意义

出现

⑦Ifyouturn

over,youmightfinditeasiertogettosleep.词组

turnover

意义

翻转

⑧Itwasadifficulttime,butthingsturned

outallright.词组

turnout

意义

结果……

⑨Heofferedmealaptopin

return

formyhelp.词组

inreturnfor

意义

作为对……报答

49/1065612347891011121314turn

down

拒绝turn

in

上交turn

off

关闭turn

up

出现turn

over

翻转turn

out

结果……in

return

for

作为对……报答50/1065612347891011121314(2)Whatwillyoudo

returnforhiskindness?

(3)Ifthedayturns

wet,wemayhavetochangeourplans.

(4)Theteacherasksustoturn

thenotebooksbyFriday.

完成句子(5)他让她嫁给他,不过她拒绝了。Heaskedhertomarryhim,butshe

.

(6)我们约会6点见面,不过她没有露面。Weagreedtomeetatsixo’clock,butshe

.

答案:(1)in(2)in(3)out(4)in(5)turneddown(6)didn’tturnup51/1065612347891011121314★考点三

lead

to

引发;造成①【高考典句】

(北京高考)Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanlead

tokidney(肾)failureanddeath.这会影响他们神经系统和繁殖小鸟能力,并能造成肾衰竭和死亡。②Eatingtoomuchsugarcanlead

tohealthproblems.吃太多糖会造成健康问题。52/1065612347891011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Whatwasitthatled

the

man

to

changehismind?词组

leadsb.todosth.

意义

造成某人做某事

④Thisisapathleading

tothatcottage.词组

leadto

意义

通往

⑤Tom!Whatled

you

to

this

conclusion?词组

leadsb.tosth.

意义

造成某人……

53/1065612347891011121314lead

sb.to

do

sth.造成某人做某事lead

to通往lead

sb.to

sth.造成某人……54/1065612347891011121314(4)Hisstomachacheresultedfromhiseatingtoomuch.(5)这次事故造成10人死亡。55/1065612347891011121314答案:(1)Hiscarelessnessledtohisfailure.(2)Theboyledustothisvillage.(3)我们坚定地认为,战争不能处理任何事情,只会造成暴力。(4)因为吃得太多,他胃疼。(5)Theaccidentledto/resultedin/broughtabout10deaths.56/10667512348910111213147.Without

these

naturally

occurring

gases,the

sun’s

rays

would

bounce

back

into

space

leaving

the

Earth

cold

and

impossible

to

live

on.(Page

6)要是没有这些自然产生气体,太阳光线就会反射回太空中,使得地球严寒,(人类)不可能在上面生存。★考点(1)句中without

these

naturally

occurring

gases是介词短语作状语,表示假设,相当于含蓄虚拟条件,所以可改为if

there

were

not

these

naturally

occurring

gases。除了without

外,介词短语but

for,but

that,in

case

of等以及表示转折意义连接词otherwise,or等惯用于表示含蓄条件。57/1066751234891011121314①【高考典句】(北京高考)Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.没有即时治疗,帕里斯会死。②Withoutyourtimelyhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedtheworkontime.没有你帮助,我是不会按时完成这项工作。③But

foryourgoodadvice,wewouldhavefailedthistime.要不是你好提议,我们这次就失败了。④Iwasverybusythen,otherwiseIwouldhavehelpedyou.我当初太忙了,不然我就帮助你了。58/1066751234891011121314(4)Withoutmusic,theworld

(be)dull.

(5)Butforhishelp,we

(work)now.

答案:(1)couldhavevisited(2)couldn’thavegone(3)couldhaveput(4)wouldbe(5)couldn’tbeworking59/10678651234910111213148.Given

this

data,it

seems

that

the

link

between

human

activities

and

rising

global

temperatures

is

not

merely

a

coincidence.(Page

6)考虑到这一数据,似乎人类活动与正在上升全球温度之间关联就不但仅是一个巧合了。★考点

句中given表示“假如,考虑到,鉴于”,是介词而不是过去分词,后接名词;也可与that连用作连词,后接状语从句,意为“假如,考虑到,既然”。①Given

his

young

age,theboydidagoodjob.鉴于年纪小,这个小男孩干得不错。②Giventhattherewassolittletime,Ithinkthey’vedoneagoodjob.考虑到时间紧,我认为他们已经做得不错了。60/1067865123491011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词或词组意义③Consideringthestrength,wedidwelltoscoretwogoals.意义

考虑到……④Seeing

thatit’sraininghard,theceremonywillprobablybecancelled.意义

鉴于;考虑到……⑤Supposing/Supposeyouwerefailinginthecomingexam,whatshouldyoudo?意义

万一⑥Provided/Providing

thathedoesn’twanttogowithus,whatshallwedo?意义

假如……61/1067865123491011121314considering

prep.考虑到;既然seeing

that...鉴于;考虑到provided/providing

(that)...假如;假设,在……条件下suppose/supposing

(that)...假定;假设62/1067865123491011121314完成句子(2)考虑到他年纪,他已是相当活跃了。

,he’sremarkablyactive.

(3)考虑到她对孩子很有兴趣,教书看来是很适合她工作。

inchildren,teachingseemstherightjobforher.

答案:(1)①Considering

②Giventhat(2)Given/Consideringhisage(3)Given/Consideringherinterest63/10689765123410111213149.A

temperature

increase

of

1°F

may

not

sound

like

a

lot,but

if

we

continue

to

produce

carbon

dioxide

and

other

gases

in

such

huge

quantities,we

are

condemning

life

on

Earth

and

should

expect

severe

consequences.(Page

6)气温升高1华氏度听起来无所谓,不过假如我们继续制造这么多二氧化碳和其它气体,我们将毁灭地球上生命,后果将非常严重。★考点

condemn

vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸境地①Thejudgecondemnedthedrugdealertodeath.法官判这名毒贩死刑。②Themeatwascondemnedasunfittoeat.这种肉被宣告不宜食用。64/1068976512341011121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Weallcondemn

him

forhisconduct.词组

condemnsb.forsth.

意义

因为某事而训斥某人

④Theaccidentcondemned

him

toalifeinthewheelchair.词组

condemnsb.tosth.

意义

使某人注定……

⑤Lackofeducationcondemned

the

boy

to

liveapoorlife.词组

condemnsb.todosth.

意义

使某人注定做某事

65/1068976512341011121314condemn

sb.to

death判处某人死刑condemn

sb.for

sth.因为某事而训斥某人condemn

sb.to

sth.使某人注定……condemn

sb.to

do

sth.使某人注定做某事66/1068976512341011121314(2)Theywerecondemnedtoalifeofhardship.完成句子(3)她因遗弃孩子而受到训斥。She

abandoningherchild.

(4)她那糟糕英语迫使她一辈子生活在贫民区。HerterribleEnglish

liveintheslumstotheendofherdays.

答案:(1)Theprisonerwascondemnedtodeath.(2)他们不得不过着艰难生活。(3)wascondemnedfor(4)condemnedherto67/106910876512341112131410.Increased

temperatures

will

also

cause

the

polar

ice

to

melt,raising

sea

levels

and

flooding

many

islands

and

cities.(Page

6)温度升高还会引发极地冰山融化,海平面上升,从而淹没很多岛屿和城市。★考点

句中raising

sea

levels

and

flooding

many

islands

and

cities作结果状语。①Thestrongwindblewawaythegoodsoil,leaving

only

sand.大风吹走了好土,只剩下沙子。②Thechildfellover,striking

his

head

against

the

door.那个小孩摔了一跤,头碰到门上了。68/1069108765123411121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体部分所作状语类型③Being

ill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.作用

原因状语④Turning

right,youwillfindabiggarden.作用

条件状语⑤Walking

in

the

street,Isawasmalldogrunningafterabigcat.作用

时间状语69/1069108765123411121314⑥Having

saidthatshedidn’tdoagoodjob,Idon’tthinkIamablerthanher.作用

让步状语易错辨析动词-ing形式与动词不定式表示结果时是不一样,动词-ing形式经常表示自然而然结果,而不定式表示意想不到结果。如:Shehurriedtothestation,only

to

be

toldthatthetrainhadleft.她慌忙赶到车站,却被通知火车已经离开了。动词-ing短语表示主动,可在句中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随和方式等。70/106910876512341112131471/106910876512341112131472/106910876512341112131473/106910876512341112131474/106101198765123412131411.Many

People

believe

that

they

are

simply

not

prepared

to

sacrifice

the

amount

of

money

they

make

from

industry

to

save

the

Earth.(Page

6)许多人认为他们只是不愿意牺牲自己从工业中赚到钱来拯救地球。★考点

sacrifice

vt.&vi.牺牲,献出

n.牺牲品;牺牲①【高考典句】

(江苏高考)Fromthatdayon,welearnedtogether,traveledtogether,andsacrificedtogether.从那天起,我们一起学习,一起旅行,一起做出贡献。75/1061011987651234121314②【高考典句】(全国Ⅰ高考)Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.几乎每个祖父母都想和孙辈在一起,乐于作出牺牲,不过有时对此说不并经常走动会更明智一些。76/1061011987651234121314考点延伸

阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义③Shesacrificedeverythingforherchildren.词组

sacrifice...for...

意义

为……而牺牲④Theoldmansacrificedhisfreetimeto

earnmoremoney.词组

sacrifice...todosth.

意义

牺牲……而做某事

⑤Thegirlmade

sacrifices

to

getaneducation.词组

makesacrificestodosth.

意义

为做某事而作出牺牲

sacrifice...for...为……而牺牲sacrifice...to

do

sth.牺牲……而做某事make

sacrifices

to

do

sth.为做某事而作出牺牲77/106101198765123412131478/106101198765123412131479/106101198765123412131480/106111210987651234131412.After

all,there’s

no

substitute

for

our

Earth.(Page

6)毕竟,我们地球是不可替换。★考点

substitute

n.代用具;代替品

vt.用……替换/顶替①【高考典句】

(全国Ⅰ高考)Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”假如我们用一个数字代替每个字母,信息“见我”就会读成“135520135.”②【高考典句】(全国Ⅰ高考)Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.不幸是,你必须随身携带这些必要设备,因为它们都无法找到自然替换品。81/1061112109876512341314substitute

A

for

B=

substitute

B

with

A用A代替B82/106121311109876512341413.Why

don’t

you

drop

in

tonight

ahead

of

your

meeting?(Page

7)你为何不在今晚会议之前来访呢?★考点

ahead

of

在……前面①【高考典句】(全国Ⅲ高考)Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewasstillahead

ofme.受伤了不过没有被打倒,他依旧是领先于我。②Wemightfinishtheworkahead

oftime.我们可能能提前完成这个工作。83/106121311109876512341484/106131412111098765123414.Grammar转述结构引述他人话时,普通采取两种方式:一是引用他人原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己话加以转述,被转述话不放在引号内,称为间接引语,也称为转述。(一)下面一些动词可用于转述某人所说话。1.insist,complain,add,admit,agree,announcebelieve,claim,declare,explain,deny,remind,suggest,warn...+that从句例句:Hecomplainedthattheexamwastoohard.他埋怨考试太难了。Headdedthattheywouldreturnaweeklater.他接着说,他们一周后会回来。85/10613141211109876512342.warn,remind...+sb.+that从句例句:Thewhistlewarnedvisitorsthattheshipwasreadytosail.汽笛声提醒旅客轮船即将起航。PleaseremindmethatImustcallherupbeforenine.请提醒我一下,我得九点前给她打个电话。3.advise,beg,order,promise...+sb.+todosth.例句:Theteacheradvisedmetodomoreexercises.老师提议我多做练习。Ibeggedhernottogo,butshedidnotlistentome.我哀求她不要去,不过她不听我。Hehaspromisedhisteachertobehavebetter.他答应老师要表现得更加好一些。86/10613141211109876512344.agree,offer,refuse,threaten...+todosth.例句:Heag