广东省高州市2023-2024学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题 （含答案解析）

2023-2024学年第二学期高一英语3月份月考(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：130分)2024.03考生注意：1.本试卷由六个部分组成。满分130分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.本卷命题范围：必修第二册Unit3-Unit4一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Iwonderifthisreddressisinalargersize.ThisoneistootightA.possible B.acceptable C.available D.adjustable【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道这件红色连衣裙是否有大码的，这个太紧了。A.possible可能的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.available可用的；可得到的；D.adjustable可调整的。根据下文“Thisoneistootight(这个太紧了)”可知顾客对这个连衣裙不满意，询问是否有大一点的，故选C项。2.ThegroupofwildAsianelephantskeptwalkingtothenorthalltheway______theyweretakingatrip.A.evenif B.asif C.nowthat D.sothat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查方式状语从句和从句连词。句意：这群野生亚洲象一路向北走，好像在旅行。A.evenif虽然，即使；B.asif好像，仿佛；C.nowthat既然；D.sothat以便。分析句子可知，句子为方式状语从句，野生亚洲象好像在旅行，根据句意可知，应用“asif”引导从句，意为“好像，仿佛”。故选B项。3.Inthepastoneyear,thankstotheleadershipoftheCommunistParty,greatprogress________inthefightagainsttheepidemicofCOVID-19.A.hasmade B.hadbeenmade C.hasbeenmade D.hadmade.【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：一年来，在中国共产党领导下，疫情防控取得重大进展。根据句中时间状语Inthepastoneyear可知，用现在完成时。progress与make之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。4.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook____________byMoyan?A.writing B.iswriting C.written D.towrite【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你觉得莫言写的那本书怎么样？根据主句Whatdoyouthinkofthebook可知，本句已有谓语动词，故设空处的应该使用非谓语动词。因为thebook与write之间是被动关系，同时后面又有by,故应该使用过去分词作定语。故选C。5.Itisasurprisethatthesmallcityhasbeen________intoamodernindustrialcenterinrecentyears.A.transformed B.transported C.translated D.transferred【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个小城市近年来已经转变成一个现代工业中心。A.transformed改变；B.transported运输；C.translated翻译；D.transferred转移。o把......变成。根据“thesmallcity”和“amodernindustrialcenter”可知，小城市转变成一个现代工业中心。故选A。6.Withmanythings________,IhavetostopsurfingtheInternet.A.dealwith B.todealwith C.dealtwith D.todealingwith【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多事情要做，我不能再上网了。句中havetostop为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。“with+宾语+todo”通常指不定式所表示的动作尚未发生，或在当时看来尚未发生。根据句意可知，此处使用动词不定式。dealwith为动词短语，意为“处理”。todealwith符合句意。故选B。7.Hewrotemanychildren’sbooksnearlyhalfof_______werepublishedinthe1990s.A.whom B.whichC.them D.that【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他写了很多儿童读物，其中几乎一半出版于上世纪90年代。先行词是children’sbooks，指物，在定语从句中作of后的宾语，用which引导，故选B。8.Whenyouanswerthequestioninclass,youhavetomakeyourself______bytheotherstudentsintheclassroom.A.hearing B.tohear C.heard D.havingheard【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在课堂上回答问题时，你必须让教室里的其他学生听到你说的话。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作宾补成分，宾语yourself和hear为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式，为makesbdone“使某人被做某事”。故选C项。9.Idon’tknowthereason_____youwereabsentfromthemeeting,butIamsurethatsomeonewilltellmethereason_____youhaven’ttoldme.A.why;that B.why;why C.that;why D.that;that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不知道你缺席会议的理由，但是一定会有人告诉我你没告诉我的理由。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词是“reason”，代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，故用关系副词why引导，第二空也引导定语从句，从句缺“told”的直接宾语，先行词是“reason”，指物，故用关系代词that/which引导。故选A项。10.—I’msorrythatIdroppedsomecoffeeonyourcoatjustnow.—________.Iwillwashittomorrow.A.Nokidding B.Forgetit C.Youarewelcome D.I’mafraidnot【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，刚才我把咖啡洒在你的外套上了。——不必在意。我明天会洗它。A.Nokidding说真的，不要开玩笑；B.Forgetit不必在意；C.Youarewelcome不客气；D.I’mafraidnot恐怕不行。由“Iwillwashittomorrow”可知，句子表示“不必在意。我明天会洗它”，故选B。二、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFromthemodernLondonEyetothehistoricTowerofLondon,belowareLondon’smostvisitedtouristattractions.ManyofLondon’stopattractionsarefree,makingthemaffordableplacestolearnaboutsomeculture.Whetheryoupreferhistoryormodernart,you’llfinditatoneofthesemust-visitspots.BritishMuseumTheworld-famousBritishMuseumexhibitstheworksofmanfromprehistorictomoderntimes,fromaroundtheworld.ThemostinterestingandexcitingpartsincludetheRosettaStone,theParthenonsculpturesandthemummiesintheAncientEgyptcollection.Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.NationalGalleryThegreatestandmostbeautifulbuildingofTrafalgarSquare,London’sNationalGalleryisavastspacefilledwithWesternEuropeanpaintingsfromthe13thtothe19thcenturies.InthisimpressiveartgalleryyoucanfindworksbymasterssuchasVanGogh,daVinci,Botticelli,Constable,Renoir,TitianandStubbs.Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.Coca-ColaLondonEyeTheCoca-ColaLondonEyeisamajorfeatureofLondon’sskyline.IthassomeofLondon’sbestviewsfromits32capsules,eachweighing10tonsandholdingupto25people.Climbaboardforabreathtakingexperience,withanunforgettableviewofmorethan55ofLondon’smostfamouslandmarks—allinjust30minutes!MadameTussaudsAtMadameTussauds,you’llcomeface-to-facewithsomeoftheworld’smostfamousfaces.FromShakespearetoLadyGagayou’llmeetinfluentialfiguresfromshowbusiness,sport,politicsandevenroyalty.StrikeaposewithUsainBolt,getclosetoOneDirectionorreceiveaonce-in-a-lifetimeaudiencewithHerMajestytheQueen.11.WhatdotheBritishMuseumandtheNationalGalleryhaveincommon?A.Bothexhibitmodernandcontemporaryart.B.BothareonthebanksoftheThames.C.Bothhavevastspacesandspecialshapes.D.Bothhavechargeableexhibitions.12.IfvisitorswanttogetabetterviewofLondon’sfamouslandmarks,theyshouldvisit______.A.theCoca-ColaLondonEye B.theBritishMuseumC.theNationalGallery D.theTateModern13.InMadameTussauds,visitorscan______.A.enjoyShakespeare’sworks B.seefiguresofmanyinfluentialpeopleC.watchLadyGaga’sperformance D.talktosomefamouspeople【答案】11.D12.A13.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个伦敦最受欢迎的旅游景点。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据BritishMuseum下的“Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.(有些展览需要门票。)”以及NationalGallery下的“Someexhibitionsrequiretickets.(有些展览需要门票。)”可知，大英博物馆和国家美术馆的共同之处在于两者都有收费展览。故选D。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据Coca-ColaLondonEye下的“Climbaboardforabreathtakingexperience,withanunforgettableviewofmorethan55ofLondon’smostfamouslandmarks—allinjust30minutes!(登上去，在短短30分钟内，即可欣赏到超过55个伦敦最著名的地标建筑的难忘景色，享受惊险的体验!)”可知，如果游客想要更好地欣赏伦敦的著名地标，他们应该参观可口可乐伦敦眼。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据MadameTussauds下的“AtMadameTussauds,you’llcomeface-to-facewithsomeoftheworld’smostfamousfaces.(在杜莎夫人蜡像馆，你将与一些世界上最著名的面孔面对面。)”可知，在杜莎夫人蜡像馆，游客可以看到许多有影响力的人物像。故选B。BTheconceptofplanningentirecommunitiesbeforetheirconstructionisanancientone.Infact,oneoftheearliestsuchcitiesonrecordisMiletus,Greece,whichwasbuiltinthe4thcenturyBC.ThroughouttheMiddleAgesandtheRenaissancevariousplannedcommunities(boththeoreticalandactual)wereconceived(构思).LeonardodaVincidesignedseveralcitiesthatwereneverconstructed.FollowingtheGreatFireofLondonin1666,thearchitectChristopherWrencreatedanewmasterplanforthecity,combiningparklandandurbanspace.Several18thcenturycities,includingWashingtonD.C.,NewYorkCity,andStPetersburg,Russia,werebuiltaccordingtocomprehensiveplanning.Oneofthemostimportantplannedcityconcepts,theGardenCityMovement,aroseinthelatterpartofthe19thcenturyasareactiontothepollutionandcrowdingoftheIndustrialRevolution.In1898,EbenezerHowardpublishedthebookTo-Morrow:APeacefulPathforRealReforminwhichhelaidouthisideasconcerningthecreationofneweconomicallysustainabletowns.Howardbelievedthatthesetownsshouldbelimitedinsizeanddensity,andsurroundedwithabeltofundevelopedland.TheideagainedenoughattentionandfinancialbackingtoleadtothecreationofLetchworth,inHertfordshire,England.Thiswasthefirstsuch'GardenCity'.AftertheFirstWorldWar,thesecondtownbuiltfollowingHoward'sideas,WelwvnGardenCity,wasconstructed.Intheearly1920s,AmericanarchitectsClarenceSteinandHenryWright,inspiredbyHoward'sideasandthesuccessofLetchworthandWelwyn,createdthecityofRadbum,NewJersey.Conceivedasacommunitywhichwouldbesafeforchildren,Radbumwasintentionallydesignedsothattheresidentswouldnotrequireautomobiles.SeveralurbanplanningdesignswerepioneeredatRadbumthatwouldinfluencelaterplannedcommunities,includingtheseparationofpedestriansandvehicles,andtheuseof'superblocks',eachofwhichshared23acresofcommonlyheldparkland.InAmerica,followingthestockmarketcrashof1929,therewasgreatdemandforbothaffordablehousingandemploymentforworkerswhohadlosttheirjobs.Indirectresponsetothis,in1935PresidentRooseveltcreatedtheResettlementAdministration,whichbroughtaboutatotalofthreegreenbelttowns:Greenbelt,Maryland;Greenhills,Ohio;andGreendale,Wisconsin.ThesetownscontainedmanyoftheelementsoftheGardenCityMovementdevelopments,includingtheuseofsuperblocksanda'greenbelt'ofundevelopedlandsurroundingthecommunity.14.Thefirstparagraphtalksmainlyabout________.A.famousurbanplanners B.thehistoryofurbanplanningCthefutureexamplesofurbanplanning D.problemassociatedwithurbanplanning15.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGardenCityMovementfromthesecondparagraph?A.ItcamejustbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.B.Itwasheldbackbyawarandalackoffunds.C.Itresultedincitiesthatwerelargerthantheyhadbeenbefore.D.Itwasdesignedtoaddressproblemscausedbymodernization.16.WhatwasoneaimindesigningthecityofRadbum?A.Toreducethedangerforfamilieslivinginthearea.B.Tocreatesomethingtotallydifferentfromcitieselsewhere.C.Tomakesurepeoplecouldparktheircarsclosetotheirhome.D.Toincreasegreenspacesbydesigninghouseswithgardens.17.WhatdothetownsofGreenbelt,GreenhillsandGreendaleallhaveincommon?A.Theirresidentswereaffectedbythestockmarketcollapse.B.TheywerebuiltforthewealthiestpeopleinAmerica.C.Theywereeachsurroundedbynaturalparkland.D.Theywereallconstructedinthesameyear.【答案】14.B15.D16.A17.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述城市建设规划这个概念的历史发展。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Theconceptofplanningentirecommunitiesbeforetheirconstructionisanancientone.Infact,oneoftheearliestsuchcitiesonrecordisMiletus,Greece,whichwasbuiltinthe4thcenturyBC.ThroughouttheMiddleAgesandtheRenaissancevariousplannedcommunities(boththeoreticalandactual)wereconceived(构思）.LeonardodaVincidesignedseveralcitiesthatwereneverconstructed.FollowingtheGreatFireofLondonin1666,thearchitectChristopherWrencreatedanewmasterplanforthecity,combiningparklandandurbanspace.”（在建设之前规划整个社区的概念是一个古老的概念。事实上，有记录的最早的这样的城市之一是希腊的米利都，它建造于公元前4世纪。在整个中世纪和文艺复兴时期，各种各样被规划好的社区（既有理论的也有实际的）都被构思过。里昂那多·达·芬奇也设计过几个城市，但是却没有被建设。在1966年伦敦大火之后，建筑师克里斯多佛·雷恩结合了公园和城市空间，为城市创造了一个新的规划。）可知，这一段主要讲述城市规划的历史。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oneofthemostimportantplannedcityconcepts,theGardenCityMovement,aroseinthelatterpartofthe19thcenturyasareactiontothepollutionandcrowdingoftheIndustrialRevolution.”（规划城市的最重要的概念之一，花园城市运动，在19世纪后期出现了，这是为了应对污染和工业革命的聚集。）可知，花园城市运动的出现是为了应对由工业革命等现代化的发展而引起的问题的。故选D。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Conceivedasacommunitywhichwouldbesafeforchildren,Radbumwasintentionallydesignedsothattheresidentswouldnotrequireautomobiles.”（人们认为雷德伯恩系统是一个对孩子们来说安全的社区体系，所以它专门被设计就是为了居民们不会再要汽车了。）可知，雷德伯恩系统被设计的目的是为了居民们的安全。故选A。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThesetownscontainedmanyoftheelementsoftheGardenCityMovementdevelopments,includingtheuseofsuperblocksanda'greenbelt'ofundevelopedlandsurroundingthecommunity.”（这些城镇包含了花园城市运动发展期的许多元素，包括超级街区的使用和围绕着社区的未被开发地的‘绿化带’。）可知，这3个城镇的共同点是它们都被未被开发的绿地围绕着。故选C。CEveryweekinChina,millionsofpeoplewillsitinfrontofTVwatchingteenagerscompeteforthetitleCharacterHero,whichisaChinese-stylesellingbee（拼写大赛）.Inthischallenge,youngcompetitorsmustwriteChinesecharactersbyhand.Toprepareforthecompetition,thecompetitorsusuallyspendmonthsstudyingdictionaries.Perhapstheshow'spopularityshouldnotbeasurprise.Alongwithgunpowderandpaper,manyChinesepeopleconsiderthecreationofChinesecalligraphytobeoneoftheirprimarycontributionstocivilization.Unfortunately,alloverthecountry,Chinesepeoplearefrettinghowtowritetheirownlanguagewithoutcomputerizedhelp.SoftwareonsmartphonesandcomputersallowsuserstotypeinthebasicsoundofthewordusingtheLatinalphabet.It'spossibletorecognizecharacterswithoutrememberinghowtowritethem.Butthere'sstillhopeforthepaintbrush.China'sEducationMinistrywantschildrentospendmoretimelearninghowtowrite.InoneBeijingprimaryschoolwevisited,studentspracticecalligraphyeverydayinsideaspeciallydecoratedclassroomwithtraditionalChinesepaintingshangingonthewalls.Softmusicplaysasagroupofsix-year-oldsdipbrushpensintoblackink.Theylookupattheblackboardoftentostudytheirteacher'sexamplesbeforecarefullyattemptingtoreproducethosecharactersonthinricepaper."Ifadultscansurvivewithoutusinghandwriting,whybothertoteachitnow?"weaskthecalligraphyteacher,ShenBin,"TheabilitytowritecharactersispartofChinesetraditionandculture,"shereasons."Studentsmustlearnnowsotheydon'tforgetwhentheygrowup."saystheteacher.18.WhatcanweinferfromabouttheChinesecharacterspellingbeefromthefirstparagraph?A.Itusuallylastsseveralmonths.B.Ithasalargenumberofaudience.C.Thecompetitorsmustbestudents.D.Itpreparestheteenagersforexams.19.WhatisthegoaloftheChinesecharacterspellingbee?A.Toimproveteenagers'abilitytowriteChinesecharacters.B.Toencourageteenagerstocompeteforprize.C.ToappreciatethesoundoftheChinesecharacters.D.Tomaketeenagersmakeuseofdictionaries.20.What'sauthor'sattitudetowardsthepresentsituationofprotectingChinesecalligraphyinparagraph3?A.Positive. B.Confused. C.Unconcerned. D.Worried.21.Whyshouldstudentslearntowritecharacters,accordingtoShenBin?A.Itbridgesthegenerationgap.B.Ithelpsstudentsgethighmarksinexams.C.ItistopreserveChinesetraditionandculture.D.Itisawaytofindtalentedstudentsincalligraphy.【答案】18.B19.A20.A21.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国人对书法和汉字的重视。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“EveryweekinChina,millionsofpeoplewillsitinfrontofTVwatchingteenagerscompeteforthetitleCharacterHero,whichisaChinese-stylesellingbee（拼写大赛）.（在中国，每周都会有数以百万计的人坐在电视机前观看青少年们争夺“汉字英雄”的称号，这是一个中国风格的拼写大赛）”可知，这个拼写大赛有很多观众，故选B。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Inthischallenge,youngcompetitorsmustwriteChinesecharactersbyhand.Toprepareforthecompetition,thecompetitorsusuallyspendmonthsstudyingdictionaries.（在这个挑战中，年轻的参赛者必须手写汉字。为了准备比赛，参赛者通常要花几个月的时间研究字典。）”可知，这个拼写大赛的目的是提高青少年的汉字书写能力。故选A。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Butthere'sstillhopeforthepaintbrush.（但毛笔还是有希望的。）”可知，作者对第三段中保护中国书法的现状持积极的态度，故选A。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“TheabilitytowritecharactersispartofChinesetraditionandculture（写字是中国传统和文化的一部分）”和“Studentsmustlearnnowsotheydon'tforgetwhentheygrowup.（学生必须现在就学习，这样长大后才不会忘记。）”可知，学生要学写汉字是为了保护中国的传统和文化。故选C。DAfreshandgentlewindonyourface,softsandunderyourfeetandbluewatersasfarastheeyecansee.IsthereanyotherOlympicsportthatisplayedinsuchpleasantconditionsasbeachvolleyball？“I’vegonetoalotofbeautifulplaces,andmetalotofbeautifulpeople.Thatwouldn’thavehappenedifIhadbeenplayinganothersport.”saidRandyStoklos,America’smostfamousbeachvolleyballplayer.Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.Thefirstrecordedtwo-mangametookplacetherein1930,andthefirsttournament(锦标赛)washeldinLosAngeles18yearslater.ThewinnerswereawardedacaseofPepsi.Inthe1950s,womenstartedplayingandthesportsoonspreadtoEuropeandSouthAmerica.Yetatthattime,beachvolleyballwasmoreanentertainmentshowthanasport,withbeautycontestsincluded.TheAssociationofVolleyballProfessionalswasfoundedin1983andbeachvolleyballdevelopedintoafast,athleticsport.Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamstookpart.Atpresent,theUSandBrazilarethebestintheworldatbeachvolleyball.ThegamecametoChinaintheearly1990sandtherehavebeennationaltournamentssince1994.ItbecameanofficialeventattheEighthNationalGamesin1997.China’sYouWenhuiandWangLufinishedninthinthewomen’sbeachvolleyballworldchampionshipsinBrazil.22.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.thehistoryofbeachvolleyballB.howtoplaybeachvolleyballC.theimportanceofbeachvolleyballD.women’sbeachvolleyballinChina23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？A.BeachvolleyballwasfirstplayedlikeotherOlympic:sports.B.Beachvolleyballhasalwaysbeenanentertainmentshowratherthanasport.C.BeachvolleyballbeganonbeachesinSoutherCalifornia.D.WomenstartedplayingbeachvolleyballinSouthAmericain1945.24.WhendidbeachvolleyballofficiallybecomeanOlympicevent？A.In1948, B.In1996. C.In1950. D.In1997.25.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat______.A.in1996,beachvolleyballbecameanofficialeventinChinaB.China’sbeachvolleyballteamisthebestintheworldC.China’sbeachvolleyballplayerswonthefirstplaceinBrazilD.beachvolleyballcametoChinaintheearly1990s【答案】22.A23.C24.B25.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了沙滩排球的历史。【22题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中“Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.(这项运动起源于20世纪20年代南加州海滩上的一项四人比赛)”以及“Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamslookpart.(沙滩排球在世界范围内的受欢迎程度为它在1996年亚特兰大奥运会上赢得了一席之地，当时有24支男队和16支女队参加了奥运会)”等内容可知，本文主要关于沙滩排球的历史的。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thesportbeganasafour-a-sidegameonbeachesinSouthernCaliforniainthe1920s.(这项运动起源于20世纪20年代南加州海滩上的一项四人比赛)”可知，沙滩排球起源于南加州的海滩。故选C项。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itsworld-widepopularitywonbeachvolleyballaplaceatthe1996OlympicsinAtalanta,where24maleteamsand16femaleteamstookpart.(沙滩排球在世界范围内的受欢迎程度为它在1996年亚特兰大奥运会上赢得了一席之地，当时有24支男队和16支女队参加了奥运会)”可知，沙滩排球在1996年正式成为奥运会比赛项目。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ThegamecametoChinaintheearly1990sandtherehavebeennationaltournamentssince1994.(这项运动于上世纪90年代初传入中国，从1994年开始就有了全国性的比赛)”可知，20世纪90年代初沙滩排球传入中国。故选D项。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)About6millionchildrenand14millionadultsintheUnitedStatessufferfromasthma.Asthmaistheleadinglong-termdiseaseamongAmericanchildren.____26____anumberofpeoplearoundtheworldwhosufferfromasthmahasdoubledinthelast30yearsandresearchersthinkthat100millionpeoplenowsufferfromasthma.Eventhoughthenumberofpeoplewithasthmaisincreasing,itisnotanewdiseaseforhumans.____27____MedicalhistorianshavefoundabookwrittenbyaChinesedoctorcalledtheYellowEmperor:thisbookcontainsadescriptionofadisease.Thisdescriptionmatchesthediseaseasthma.____28____Around1920Americandoctorsbegansuccessfullytreatingasthmapatientswithephedrine(麻黄碱).Amazingenough,ephedrinecomesfromthesameplantthattheYellowEmperorsaidwaseffectiveforasthmathousandsyearsearlier.____29____Around150BCaRomandoctorrecognizedthatasthmahadabadeffortwiththebronchialtubes(支气管)andlungs.AnEgyptiandoctorsuggestedareductioninthesufferer'sstresslevel,adryclimatealongwitheatingchickensouptotreatasthma.Oneradical(激进的)treatmentforasthmathatwastriedinthe1940swasaparentectomy.____30____Parentectomymeantstayingawayfromparents;insteadchildrenlivedatanasthmatreatmentcenter.Aren'tyougladthatmodernmedicinehasprogressedawayfromthatkindofidea?A.Andthebookwaswrittenin2600BC!B.Seekmedicalhelpwhenyoushowsignsofasthma.C.Historyrecordsasthmacasesthousandsofyearsago.D.Foralongtimepeopledidn'tknowwhatcausedthediseaseE.Somedoctorsbelievedthatfamilystressledtochildhoodasthma.F.Soit’sverylikelythatyouoroneofyourclassmatessufferfromasthma.G.Overthecenturiesdoctorsleftbehindmedicaltextsaboutasthmaandtheirtreatments.【答案】26.F27.C28.A29.G30.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了世界各地患哮喘的人数非常惊人，且数量正在增加，追溯了医学史上关于哮喘病的研究记录及治疗方法。26题详解】根据上文“About6millionchildrenand14millionadultsintheUnitedStatessufferfromasthma.Asthmaistheleadinglong-termdiseaseamongAmericanchildren.(美国大约有600万儿童和1400万成年人患有哮喘。哮喘是美国儿童的主要长期疾病)”以及下文“anumberofpeoplearoundtheworldwhosufferfromasthmahasdoubledinthelast30yearsandresearchersthinkthat100millionpeoplenowsufferfromasthma.(在过去30年里，世界各地患哮喘的人数翻了一番，研究人员认为现在有1亿人患哮喘)”可知，数字表明美国患哮喘病的人数之多，以至于这种病非常广泛，可能我们自己或者我们周围的人患有此病。因此，F选项“Soit’sverylikelythatyouoroneofyourclassmatessufferfromasthma(所以你或你的同学很可能患有哮喘。)”切题，该选项中的“asthma”对应上下文中的“asthma”。故选F项。【27题详解】根据上一句“Eventhoughthenumberofpeoplewithasthmaisincreasing,itisnotanewdiseaseforhumans.(尽管哮喘患者的数量在增加，但它对人类来说不是一种新的疾病)”可知，哮喘病对人类来说，并不是一个新的疾病，因此，C选项“Historyrecordsasthmacasesthousandsofyearsago.(历史记录了数千年前的哮喘病例)”切题，该选项承接上文，进一步阐述了哮喘病的记录可以追溯到数千年以前，并非一个新的疾病，且选项中的“thousandsofyearsago”与上文中的“notanewdisease”相对应，故选C项。【28题详解】根据上一句“MedicalhistorianshavefoundabookwrittenbyaChinesedoctorcalledtheYellowEmperor:thisbookcontainsadescriptionofadisease.Thisdescriptionmatchesthediseaseasthma.(医学史学家发现了一本由中国医生黄帝写的书：这本书描述了一种疾病。这种描述与哮喘的疾病相匹配)”可知，A选项“Andthebookwaswrittenin2600BC!(这本书写于公元前2600年)”切题，该选项承接上文，进一步阐述了黄帝的书写于公元前2600年，且选项中的“book”与上文中的“book”相呼应，故选A项。【29题详解】由下文中的“Around150BCaRomandoctorrecognizedthatasthmahadabadeffortwiththebronchialtubesandlungs.AnEgyptiandoctorsuggestedareductioninthesufferer’sstresslevel,adryclimatealongwitheatingchickensouptoteatasthma.(大约公元前150年，一位罗马医生认识到哮喘对支气管还有肺有不良影响。一位埃及医生建议减少患者的压力水平，减少干燥的气候，同时吃鸡汤来缓解哮喘)”可知，此处列举了罗马医生和埃及医生对哮喘病的研究及缓解的贡献，推知，这些医生留下了关于哮喘及其治疗的医学文献，因此，G选项“Overthecenturiesdoctorsleftbehindmedicaltextsaboutasthmaandtheirtreatments(几个世纪以来，医生们留下了关于哮喘及其治疗的医学文献)”切题。故选G项。【30题详解】根据上文“Oneradical(激进的)treatmentforasthmathatwastriedinthe1940swasaparentectomy(20世纪40年代尝试过的一种激进的哮喘治疗方法是家长隔离法)”可知，E选项“Somedoctorsbelievedthatfamilystressledtochildhoodasthma.(一些医生认为家庭压力会导致儿童哮喘)”切题，承接上文，陈述了家长隔离法治疗哮喘病的原因是家庭压力会导致儿童哮喘，与上文构成因果关系，故选E项。三、语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)Haveyouseenpeoplewhotakepicturesoffoodformorethan10minutesbeforeeating?MyfriendStellaissuchanexample.Everytimewewenttoarestaurantshewouldnottakeabiteuntilallthedisheswe____31____wereonthetable.Thenshewouldspendfiveminutesin____32____thedishesinaseeminglyrandombutinfact____33____order.Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe____34____andclickinthefilterapp.Thefoodeventuallylooked10timesmoredeliciousthanitreallywas,butwehadno____35____toreallyenjoyit—itallwentcold,actuallyStella’sreallifeismuchlesselegant.Forexample,shehatestowashthedishes,sosheleavestheminthesinkfordays.Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers’opinionsandtrytoohardto____36____others.Theyfindithardtobe____37____andtoacceptthemselves,andthustheyareafraidtoshowtheir____38____lifeonsocialmedia.Whattheyaretryingtoproveis____39____whattheylackinreality.Butthiswillnotbringany____40____toreality,astheystill____41____thesameoldpatternoflife.Iftheyreallywantanelegantlife,theyshouldputmore____42____intoachievingit____43____fabricatingit.Beingmoreconfident,____44____themselvesandtryingtheirbesttobebetteraremuchmoremeaningfulthan____45____theirlifeonsocialmedia.31.A.ordered B.served C.offered D.prepared32.A.cooking B.washing C.setting D.collecting33.A.messy B.arranged C.casual D.missed34.A.dishes B.restaurants C.tables D.pictures35.A.chance B.choice C.excuse D.reason36.A.comfort B.please C.inspire D.discourage37.A.independent B.generous C.responsible D.confident38.A.real B.secret C.peaceful D.healthy39.A.rarely B.hardly C.exactly D.nearly40.A.difficulty B.change C.guidance D.harm41.A.question B.dislike C.doubt D.follow42.A.effort B.ambitions C.feeling D.money43.A.otherthan B.morethan C.ratherthan D.lessthan44.A.identifying B.accepting C.persuading D.amusing45.A.simplifying B.ruining C.beautifying D.worsening【答案】31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B41.D42.A43.C44.B45.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了现在一些人在社交媒体上过度美化自己的生活，作者认为这是不自信、不敢接受自己造成的。如果他们想要优雅的生活，他们应该更加努力，而不是制造假象。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我们去饭馆，直到我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。A.ordered点；B.served服务；C.offered提供；D.prepared准备。根据句意可知，此处是指作者一家点的菜被端上桌，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A.cooking烹饪；B.washing清洗；C.setting摆；D.collecting收集。根据下文的“Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.”可推测，她要把菜品摆好来拍照，故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她会用五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。A.messy杂乱的；B.arranged布置好的；C.casual随意的；D.missed错过的。根据句意可知，此处应选择一个和random相反的词，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：之后，她会选择一张照片，然后放进滤镜APP。A.dishes菜；B.restaurants饭馆；C.tables桌子；D.pictures照片。根据上文的“takingpictures”可知此处用“照片”符合语境，picture是原词复现，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，食物看起来比事实上的美味10倍，但是我们没有享用的机会，因为食物已经冷了。A.chance机会；B.choice选择；C.excuse借口；D.reason原因。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为有人拍照，导致食物变凉，大家错过了享受美食的机会，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人过于在乎别人的观点，并且尽全力去取悦别人。A.comfort安慰；B.please使……高兴。C.inspire启发；D.discourage使丧气。根据上文的“Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers’opinions”可知此处用“取悦别人”符合语境，故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实一面展现在社交媒体上。A.independent独立的；B.generous慷慨的；C.responsible负责的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“thustheyareafraidtoshowtheir…lifeonsocialmedia”可知，他们觉得接受自己很困难，由此推测他们不自信，故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为自信很困难、很难接受自己，因此他们害怕把自己真实的一面展现在社交媒体上。A.real真正的；B.secret秘密的；C.peaceful和平的；D.healthy健康的。根据下文“whattheylackinreality”可知此处用“真实的自己”符合语境，real和reality是同根词，故选A。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们尽力想要证明的，恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的。A.rarely稀少地；B.hardly几乎不；C.exactly确切地，恰好；D.nearly几乎。根据下文“whattheylackinreality”可知，此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西，恰好是自己所缺乏的东西，故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A.difficulty困难；B.change改变；C.guidance向导；D.harm伤害。根据下文“astheystill____11____thesameoldpatternoflife”可知他们的现实生活并没有改变，故选B。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变，因为他们依然遵循旧的生活模式。A.question质问；B.dislike不喜欢；C.doubt怀疑；D.follow遵循。根据still和