12学术写作Choosingatopic课件

钱杨ACADEMICWRITING盛云岚1

Howtochooseatopicforyourresearch?Howtodevelopanassignmentintoastrongtopic?Howtonarrowatopic?Howtoformulatearesearchquestion?Howtoformulateaworkingtitle?Howtoformulateaneffectivethesisstatement?2

primaryresearchpaper:

thestudyofasubjectthroughfirsthandinvestigation,involvingpresentingoriginalideasandinformationonyourown.alsocalled"survey-or-experiment-basedresearch"secondaryresearchpaper:

involvesgatheringandanalyzingtheresearchfindingsfromotherpeople'sresearch.youneedtoborrowanduseevidenceandfindingsavailableonthetopicinthelibraryorontheinternet.alsocalled"library-or-internet-basedresearch"Page

35/10/2024Page

45/10/2024Interesting(itisinteretingtoyou,yourinstructors,researchersinthesamefield.)Significant(itindicatesthevalueofyourwork)manageable(Itisunderyourcontrol)Adequate(Youcouldfindenoughresearchliteratureavailableforyoursubject.Page

55/10/2024CourseAssignmentTopicAmericanHistoryanalyzetheeffectsofasocialprogramononesegmentofAmericansocietyHowdidtheGIBillofRightsaffectAmericanservice-women?SociologyidentifyandevaluatethesuccessofoneresourceavailabletothehomelesspopulationofonemajorAmericancitytheroleoftheSalvationArmyinmeetingtheneedsofChicago'shomelessPsychologywriteathree-to-fivepaperassessingonemethodoftreatingdepressionAnimal-assistedtherapyforseverelydepressedpatientsCompositionWriteanessayaboutaproblemyouhaveencounteredsincecomingtocollegeovercomingmycomputerilliteracyPage

65/10/2024citydevelopmentsustainabledevelopmentofcitiessustainabledevelopmentofbigcitiessustainabledevelopmentofChinesebigcitiessustainabledevelopmentofChinesebigcitiesfromthebiologicalperspectivePage

75/10/2024Narrowdownthesetopicsfora2500-wordessay.Globalwarmingmynarrowersubtopic:1)...2)...3)...

Cancer

Internet

ArtificialIntelligenceNanotechnologyGeneticallyModifiedFoodsPage

85/10/2024Topic:

abroadrangeorgeneralfieldofinterest

Question:

aparticularpartoraspectofatopicthatisnarrowenoughtoinvestigateandwriteabout

Page

95/10/2024Findingsomethingtowriteabout:

askingjournalisticquestionsTopic:ComputerLiteracyofCollegeFreshmenJournalisticquestions:1)WhoisfamiliarwithcomputersandtheInternet,andwhoisnot?2)Whatiscomputerliteracy?whataretheeffectsofweakcomputerskills?whatkindsofprogramsexisttohelpcollegestudentsimprovecomputerskills?3)Whendidcomputerbecomeessentialforcollegestudents?4)Wherearestudentsmostlikelytolearncomputerskills?5)WhyisfamiliaritywiththeInternetsoimportantincollege?whyaresomestudents'computerskillssomuchbetterthanothers?6)Howcanwehelpstudentswholagbehind?Page

105/10/2024Deepeningwhatyouwanttowriteabout:

askingin-depthquestionswhatcausesthegapbetweenthosewhoarecomputersavvyandthosewhoarenot?differencesinfamilyincome,parents'educationlevel,qualityofpubliceducation,regionaldifferences.suggestdevelopmentpatternofyouressay:

causeandeffect;comparisonandcontrast;exemplification;whataretheeffectsofthegap?Differencesinachievementincollegeandperformanceonthejob;differencesinaccesstoinformation;differencesinearningpower.Page

115/10/2024Topic:NuclearWasteDisposalQuestions:1)whatisnuclearwaste?2)whataretheharmfuleffectsifnuclearwasteisnotappropriatelydisposedof?3)howarewesupposedtodisposeofnuclearwastesafelyandeconomically?4)...Page

125/10/2024Atypicaltitleiscomposedof:1)subjectmatter+2)keywordsofthemethod+3)keywordsofthecontentKeywordsindicatingmethods:compare,analyze,contrast,discuss,evaluate,study,assessKeywordsindicatingcontent:causes,effects,advantages,benefits,effectiveness,besideswordsofsubjectmatters.Page

135/10/2024Decidewhichofthefollowingtitlesis(are)themoreappropriateone(s)1.TheEffectsofClimateChange2.WhataretheEconomicEffectsofClimateChange?3.TheCausesandEffectsofGlobalWarming4.TheMeltingPoles:theGreatestDangerfromGlobalWarming5.HowtoCombatClimateChange?6.SomeeffectsofGlobalWarmingonChina7.AStudyofEffectsofGlobalWarmingonAgriculture8.GlobalWarmingEffectsonMentalHealth9.OzoneDepletionandClimateChange10.PotentialImpactofClimateChangeonWorldFoodSupplyPage

145/10/2024T.S.is

Anassumptionaboutthetopic,anapproachtoit,anattitudetowardit,apropositiontobeexamined.thecontrollingideathatdeterminesthedesignofyourthesis.asinglesentencewiththetopicofthepaperasthegrammaticalsubject.Page

155/10/2024AsuccessfulworkingT.S.:InterestingandengagingExplicitArgumentativeSpecificLimitandfocusonatopicPage

165/10/2024AWorkingT.S.:atopicpart+acommentpartEg:ThecurrentAmericanfarmcrisiscanbetracedtothreemajorcauses.Page

175/10/2024Thesisstatement:Althoughtoday'sall-volunteerforcehasreplacedthemilitarydraft,adraftmayeventuallybenecessary.topicstatementoffactannouncementthemilitarydrafttheUnitedStatescurrentlyhasnomilitarydraftinthisessay,Iwillreconsiderourcountry'sneedforadraft.Page

185/10/2024

Examineandanalyze?Evaluateandcriticize?Compareandcontrast?Establishrelationships?Arguefor/against?

Persuade?Task:AnalyzethefollowingT.S.topredictpossibledevelopmentpatternsoftheessays1)ThecurrentAmericanfarmcrisiscanbetracedtothreemajorcauses.2)Althoughtoday'sall-volunteerforcehasreplacedthemilitarydraft,adraftmayeventuallybenecessary.Page

195/10/2024Eg.Therealprobleminoursch