2024届高考英语 定语从句重难点复习性讲练 讲义

定语从句重难点复习性讲练关系代词

主语动宾介宾定语人whothatwhowhomthatwhom

whose(某人的)=ofwhomthe物which

that

which

whose(某物的)=ofwhichthewhose

在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose

后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，可分别与ofwhich/whomthe互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.关系副词表示从句动作发生在某时：when=at/on/in+which表示从句动作发生在某地：where=at/on/in+which表示从句动作发生的原因：why=for+which

一、何时用关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句？when

引导定语从句:先行词是表示时间的名词而且是从句动作发生的时间时，用when引导定语从句。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)Imetyou.Thiswasthetimewhen

(=atwhich)heleftforBeijing.Wewillputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,when(=inwhich)wewon’tbebusy.where

引导定语从句:先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词而且是从句动作发生的地点时，用where引导定语从句。Thisisthetownwhere(=inwhich)Ispentmychildhood.Thetableatwhichsheissittingisa

newone.I’llshowyouthepointwhereyoufailed.why引导定语从句:先行词是reason并且从句是表示结果时，用why引导定语从句。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason________________shegavewasnottrue.特别注意：当定语从句缺主语或宾语才直接用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary_______________________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______

wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary_______________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.I’llneverforgettheday_____________________wefirstmetinthepark.I’llneverforgetthetime______________Ispentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetime______________wasspentwithyou.

二、介词+关系代词应注意的情况:1.who、that

不能用与介词之后Themanwho/whomyouspoketowasascientist.

Themantowhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesinisfaraway.

Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.2.

在固定短语中介词不能提前Isthisthewatchthatyouare

lookingfor?

TheoldmanwhomIam

lookingafter

isbetter.

三、如何确定介词？把先行词接到从句谓语后面去,看需要什么介词。1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Heistheman_____whomIthinkyoucandepend.Thehouse____whichhepaid100,000yuanisverybeautiful.2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Thisisthehero_____whomweareproud.3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配Theschool______whichIstudyistheNo.11highschool.Therate/speed______whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Theage______whichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.4.根据从句中动词与先行词搭配来选用介词，这时是两者兼顾。Hehaslostthekeytothebox____________thepapersarekept.

Myglasses,_________________Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.Hisbike___________hewenttoworkwasstolenlastnight.5.名词/代词/数词+of+which/whomThecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_______arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof________waswrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_______isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_______isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_______Idon’tunderstand.

四、非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1.IamreadingHarryPorter，_____isaninterestingbook.IamreadingHarryPorter;

_____isaninterestingbook.

2.Hefailedintheexam;_______madehisparentsangry.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.3.Hehastwosons;bothof________areteachers.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.

五、as引导定语从句1.as

引导的限定性定语从句（1）ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.这本书和我昨天丢的那本一模一样。ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesteday.

这本书就是我昨天丢的那本。注意：当先行词被thesame

修饰时，引导词用as和that时意义不同。（2）Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.

Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike

it.

Thisisso

interestingabook____wealllike

it.这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)2.as

引导的非限制性定语从句______isknowntousall,theearthisround.

Theearthisround,_________weallknow.______isknowntousall

that

theearthisround.

Theearthisround;____isknowntousall.______isknowntousallisthattheearthisround.注意：非限定性定语从句在句首时只能用as，另外，as有“正如”之意，而which只有“这一点，这件事”的意思。3.as

与which的区别：只能用as的情况：(1).固定句型：thesame…..as;

such….as;

so…as即:当先行词有such/so修饰时关系代词常用as.

as充当宾语或表语.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Iwanttobuysuchabookasyouhave.Heissogoodateacheraswealllike.

Heisnotthesamemanashewas.比较:Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.(2).代替整个句子，意为“正如”时,与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asweallknow=asisknowntoall,…;

asissaidabove,…..asisoftenthecase,….;

asisreportedinthenewspaper,…..asweexpected/planned;

asyouknow/see

六、难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从句的疑问句Isthishouse__________youlivedinlastyear?A.where

B.that

Cwhich

D.theoneThishouseistheone(that)…Isthisthehouse_____youlivedinlastyear?A.where

B.that

C.inwhichD.theoneThisisthehouse(that)…难点解析：易混情况关系代词和关系副词的选用1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________we

worked

together.不及物动词。2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________we

spent

together.

及物动词,缺宾语3.Iwentbacktotheplace

I

spend

mychildhood.及物动词,不缺宾语4.Iwenttotheplace_____________I

visited

tenyearsago.及物动词,缺宾语5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason____he

gave.及物动词,缺宾语

七、怎样区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.定语从句Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.地点状语从句区别于其它从句:Putthenotewhereitcaneasilybefound.地点状语从句Putthenoteattheplacewhereitcaneasilybefound.定语从句ThisiswhereIwasborn.表语从句ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.定语从句

八、定语从句和名词性从句的转换：先行词和关系词合二为一。®

Anyonewho

(=Whoever)leavestheroomlastshouldturnoffthelights.®

Iwilldo

allthat(=what)Icantohelpyou.®

Iwilldowhatever(=anythingthat或everythingthat)Icantohelpyou.®

九、关系词的使用规定（参见“高频考点”）

十、特殊情况®

Idon’tliketheway________________hespeakstome.®

Thisisthefirsttime_____________Ihavebeenhere.

十一、定语从句与强调句的结合。考查定语从句引导词与强调句引导词that的位置.在对话中往往省略that部分，如：--Ican’tfindMr.Brown.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?--Itwasinthehotel_______hestayed(thatImethimthismorning).A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where--Wheredidyougettoknowher?----Itwasonthefarm_______weworked.A.that

B.there

C.which

D.whereItwasinthevillage____heoncelived____hegothisjunioreducation.A.that;where

B.wherethat

C.which;where

D.where;which

十二、分割性定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，但有些时候也会被同位语、状语、谓语、其它定语等成分分割。此时此时要能够理清句子结构，慧眼识别先行词及定语从句。1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.until

B.that

C.when

D.where2.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.is

B.are

C.havebeen

D.hasbeen3.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_______consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.

A.where

B.when

C.who

D.which4.Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace_____,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisdonequickly.A.which

B.where

C.there

D.what

巩固练习：填空题：1.Thisistheday________________Imethim.2.Thisistheday______________Iwillneverforget.3.Thisistheday______________wespenttogether.4.Thisistheplace_______________Ilivedlastyear.5.Thisistheplace______________Iwasborn.6.Thisistheplace______________Ivisitedlastyear.

7.Thereason__________________hegaveforhisbeinglatewasthathismotherwasill.8.Thereason_____________________hewaslatewasthathismotherwasill.9.Thereason________hismotherwasillledtohisbeinglate.10.Iwillneverforgettheday___________Ifirstwenttoschool.11.Iwillneverforgettheday

__________wespentinBeijing.12.Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.13.Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.14.Isthisthefactory___________wevisitedlastweek?

15.Isthisfactory____________wevisitedlastweek?

16.Isthisthefactory______hisfatherworks?17.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.18.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.19.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?

20.Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?21.Didyoufindthecomposition___________Iwrotejustnow?22.Iwillneverforgettheday.Ifirstwenttoschoolon_____.23.Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ifirstwenttoschool.24.(比较)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________Ifirstwenttoschool.25.Thisisthegirl._______walletislost.26.Thisisthegirl

_______

walletislost.27.Givemethebook.Thecoverof____isred.28.Givemethebook

______

coverisred.29.Givemethebook,thecover

________

isred.30.Givemethebook,_______thecoverisred.31.Lastweekwevisitedthefactory.Mybrotherworksin_____.32.Lastweekwevisitedthefactory______mybrotherworks.33.Lastweekwevisitedthefactory___________mybrotherworksin.34.Thereasonwasnotclear.Hedidn’tcomefor______.35.Thereason_____hedidn’tcomewasnotclear.36.I’llneverforgettheday_______Ijoinedthearmy.37.I’llneverforgetthefactory_______myfatherworked.38.Tellmethereason______youcamelate.39.Thisistheroom___________theyoncelived.40.Thisisthereason____________Ifailed.41.Thepencil_____________hewrotewasbroken.42.Shehasthreechildren,all__________areatschool.43.Idon’tknowthestudent

____________Tomquarreledyesterday.44.Sheisthegirl

____________

Iwentthere.45.Idon’tknowthething___________TomandMaryquarreledyesterday.46.Thisisthehotel___________youwillstay.47.Thisisthehouse_________mysisterlives48.Thisisthefactory____________.Ionceworked.49.Thehouse_____________hespent100,000yuanisvery

beautiful.50.Ican’tfindtheverypen____________Iwrotethatletter.51.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,one____________isLuXun.52.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?53.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?54.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?

55.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?56.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.57.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

_____standsourteacher.58.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest___________istheYellowRiver.59.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.60.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.61.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.62.Hedid

all/everything

_______hecouldtohelpme.63.Thisis

thevery

thing_______Iamafter.64.Wetalkedabout

themenandthethings

_______werememberedatschool.65.Heis

theonly

man_______candothework.66.Thisis

thefirst

thing_______Iwanttosay.67.Heis

thefinest

man_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.68.

Who

istheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.69.

Which

isthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.70.Isthere

anything

else_______youwanttosay?71.Anyperson_______hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.72.Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,_______madeothersupset.73.Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_______sataboy.74.Themanto_______Ispokeisafamousscientist.75.Theboy_______motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.76.Thisistheteacher

_____________

teachesusmaths.77.Sheisthegirl________________

Imetattheparty.78.Themoney

_____________

isinthewalletismine.79.Themoney___________mymothergavemeyesterdayhasbeenstolen.80.Thisisthehouse___________mysisterlivesin.81.Theriver_________banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.82.Idon’tliketheway________youspeaktoyourmother.83.Idon’tliketheway________hesuggested.84.Thisistheway_______leadstothesmallvillage.85.Thisisthefirsttime_________Ihavebeenhere.

选择题：1.All_________isusefultousisgood.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.whether2.Isthisfactory_______theforeignvisitorsvisitedlastweek?

A.where

B.that

C.which

D.theone3.Shewillneverforgetthedays______shespentinBeijing.

A.when

B.what

C.which

D.why4.Thisistheschool________myfatherworkedthirtyyearsago.A.that

B.when

C.which

D.where5.Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories______learnedinthepastthreeyears.A.thathave

B.thathavebeenC.whichhas

D.whichhasbeen6.Thecollegewon’ttakeonanyone______eyesightisweak.

A.who

B.whose

C.ofwhom

D.which7.Letmethinkofpropersituation______thissentencecanbeused.A.where

B.that

C.which

D.ofwhich8.Theman_________youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A.towhom

B.aboutwhomC.whoD.whom9.Thisisthefactory______heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof______stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.

A.that;it

B.which;whomC.that;which

D.which;that10.Hereisthebicycle_______intheshop.

A.thatyousawit

B.thatsawitC.yousaw

D.yousawit11.Those_______totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames,please.

A.who

B.whowant

C.thatwants

Dwant12.I,______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whatis

C.whatamD.whoam13.Hiswalking-sick,_______hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A.that

B.withwhichC.whichD.withoutwhich14.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_____werebuiltfiveyearsago.

A.allofthem

B.eitherofthemC.allofwhich

D.bothofthat15.Thereason

_______hecan’tcomeisthathehastoworklate.

A.because

B.that

C.why

D.for16.Heisnottheman_______heusedtobe.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.as17.Thisistheonlything______Icandonow.A.what

B.whichC.that

D.all18.Idon’tliketheway_____hespoketome.

A.bythat

B.what

C.bywhich

D./19.Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheworkintime,_____,Ithink,isawisechoice.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.whether20.Thefamily______IstayedwithinNewYorkarecomingtoBeijing.

A.whichB.whom

C.what

D.whose21.Heistheonly