高考真题练习备选题08-09年

Anewstudyhasfoundnoevidencethatsunscreen,commonlyusedtoreducetheriskofskin

cancer,actuallyincreasestherisk.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofIowabasedtheirfindingsonareviewof18earlierstudies

thatlookedattheassociationbetweensunscreenuseandmelanoma（黑素瘤）.Theysaidthatthey

foundflawinstudiesthathadreportedassociationsbetweensunscreenuseandhigherriskof

melanoma.

Mosthealthexpertsbelievethatbyprotectingtheskinfromtheharmfuleffectsofthesun,

sunscreenhelpspreventskincancer,whichisincreasinginincidence（发生率）fasterthanany

othercancerintheUnitedStates.

Butquestionshavebeenraisedaboutsunscreenandwhetheritmayhavetheoppositeeffect,

perhapsbyallowingpeopletoremainexposedtothesunlongerwithoutburning.

Theresearcherssaidthatamongtheproblemswithsomeearlierstudiesisthattheyoften

failedtotakeintoaccountthatthosepeoplemostatriskforskincancer-peoplewithfairskin

andfreckles（雀斑）,forexample-aremorelikelytousesunscreen.Asaresult,itmayappear

thatsunscreenusersgetcancermoreoften.

Thestudies,whichgenerallyreliedonvolunteerstorecalltheirsunscreenuse,werealso

unabletoprovehowwelltheproductshadbeenapplied,saidthenewstudy.

72.Theunderlinedword"flaws“inthe2ndparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.evidencesB.factsC.faultsD.failures

73.Peoplewithfairskinandfreckles.

A.seldomusesunscreenB.aremoreindangerofskincancer

C.canbefreefromtheharmofthesunD.oftenexposethemselvestothesun

74.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.sunscreenusersgetskincancermoreoften

B.thevolunteershaveprovedtheeffectofsunscreen

C.thenewstudywasbasedontheexperiencesofvolunteers

D.thenumberofskincancerpatientsisincreasinginAmerica

75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebeattitleforthispassage?

A.SunscreentoPreventSkinCancerB.SunscreentoIncreaseSkinCancer

C.SkinCancerCausedbySunscreenD.SkinCancerCausedbyFreckles

D

Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsof

theirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrain

meupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.

WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious^^aboutour

studieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.

Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsand

paper,andoneofuswouldsay:44Let\startwithatrainwhistletoday.^^Wewouldsitquietly

togetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldread

themaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreaturesandthe

storiesandpoemsstopped.

WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend,Hewasindespair（失望）andIwasindespair.

Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnot

explorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeks

andfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.

WegaveLondontoeachother.

ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.We

writelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimes

inafunnyway,intheother'sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsof

thesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink:uYes,Imusttell.…”Wehavenever

met.

ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworth

moretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（，心理学家），whowillonlyfillupthe

healing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyown

bestfriend.

66.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto

A.becomeseriousaboutherstudy

B.gotoherfriencfshouseregularly

C.learnfromherclassmatesatschool

D.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend

67.InParagraph3,“WegaveLondontoeachother“probablymeans.

A.ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofus

B.wewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromLondon

C.ourunpleasantfeelingaboutLondondisappeared

D.wepartedwitheachotherinLondon

68.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorandherfriend.

A.calleachotherregularly

B.havesimilarpersonalities

C.enjoywritingtoeachother

D.dreamofmeetingeachother

69.Inthedarkestmoments,theauthorwouldpreferto.

A.seekprofessionalhelpB.beleftalone

C.staywithherbestfriend

D.breakthesilence

70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImagination

C.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanions

D

Celebrity（名人）hasbecomeoneofthemostimportantrepresentativesofpopularculture.Fans

usedtobecrazyaboutsspecificfilm,butnowthepublictendstobaseitsconsumption（消费）on

theinterestofcelebrityattachedtoanygivenproduct.Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmost

abandonedthepracticeofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydon'tsellnearlyaswellas

famousfaces.Asaresult,celebritieshaverealizedtheirunbelievablypowerfulmarketpotential,

movingfromadvertisingforothers9productstodevelopingtheirown.

Celebrityclothinglinesaren'tacompletelynewphenomenon,butinthepasttheywere

typicallyaimedattheordinaryconsumers,andlimitedtoafewTVactresses.Todaythey're

startedbyfirst-classstarswhoseproductsenjoyequalfamewithsomeworldtopbrands.Themost

successfulstart-upshavebeenthosebycelebritieswithspecificpersonalstyle.Ascelebrities

becomemoreandmoreexperiencedatthemarket,theyexpandtheirproductionscalerapidly,

coveringalmostalltheproductsofdailylife.

However,foreverysuccessstory,there'sarelatedwarningtaleofacelebritywhoovervalued

hisconsumerappeal.Nomatterhawfamoustheproduct'soriginsis,ifitfailstoimpress

consumerswithitsownqualitiesitbeginstoresembleanexerciseinself-promotionalmarketing.

Andoncetheinitial（最初的）attentiondiesdown,consumerinterestmightfade,loyalty（忠诚）

returningtotried-and-truelabels.

Today,celebritiesfaceevermoresevereembarrassment.Thepop-culturalcirclemightbe

biggerthanever,butitsrateofturnoverhasspeededupaswell.Eachmisstepthreatensto

reduceacelebrity'sshelflife,andthesamenewspaperormagazinethatoncebroughthimfame

hasnoproblempickinghimtopieceswhentheopportunityappears.Still,theego's（自我的）

potentialforexpansionislimitless.Havingalreadyachievedgreatwealthandpublicrecognition,

manycelebritiesseefashionasthenextfrontiertobeconquered.Asthesayinggoes,successand

failurealwaysgohandinhand.Theirsuccessasdesignersmightlastonlyashorttime,but

fashion-likecelebrity-hasalwaysbeentemporary.

69.Fashionmagazinestoday.

A.seldomputmodelsonthecover

B.nolongerputmodelsonthecover

C.neednotworryaboutcelebrities'marketpotential

D.judgethemarketpotentialofeverycelebritycorrectly

70.Achangeintheconsumermarketcanbefoundtodaythat.

A.priceratherthanbrandnameismoreconcerned

B.producersprefermodelstocelebritiesforachievements

C.producerspreferTVactressestofilmstarsforadvertisements

D.qualityratherthantheoutsideofproductsismoreconcerned

71.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4indicatesthatanywrongstepwillpossibly.

A.decreasethepopularityofacelebrityandthesalesofhisproducts

B.damagetheimageofacelebrityintheeyesofthegeneralpublic

C.cutshorttheartisticcareenofacelebrityinshowbusiness

D.influencethepriceofacelebrity'sproducts

72.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.celebrityandpersonalstyle

B.celebrityandmarketpotential

C.celebrityandfashiondesign

D.celebrityandclothingindustry

B

Photographsareeverywhere.Theydecorate（装饰）thewallsofhomesandareusedinstores

forsalesofdifferentgoods.Thenewsisfilledwithpicturesoffires,floods,andspecialevents.

Photosrecordthebeautiesofnature.Theycanalsobringthingsclosethatarefaraway.Through

photos,peoplecanseewildanimals,citiesinforeignlands,andeventhestarsinouterspace.

Photosalsotellstories.

Reportingthenewsthroughphotosiscalledphotojournalism.Attimesphotojournaliststell

theirstoriesthroughasinglepicture.Atothertimes,theyuseagroupofpicturestotellastory.

Eachpictureislikeachapterinabook,whichcandomorethanrecordthefacts.Itcanalsobea

strongforceforsocialchange.

JacobRiiswasamongthefirstphotojournalists.HetookpicturesofpartsofNewYorkCity

wherethepoorlived.Riisbelievedthatpoverty（贫穷）causedcrime,andheusedphotostohelp

himprovehispoint.Afewyearslater,thephotosofsmallchildrenworkinginfactoriesbyLewis

Hineshockedthepublic.Hine'spictureshelpedbringaboutlawstoprotectsuchchildren.

Hundredsofpicturesmayhavetobetakeninordertogetoneortworeallygoodphotos.It

takessciencetohavethephotocomeoutclearlyandarttomakeaphotothathasagooddesign

andexpressesfeeling.Photojoumalistsmakeanactualrecordofwhattheysee.Aphoto,however,

canbebothaworkofartandanactualrecord.Itcanrecordanimportanteventasabeautifulor

excitingpicture.

Ashistoricalandartisticdocuments（文献）,photoscanbecomemoreimportantovertime.

Todayphotojournalistsstillhavetheirpicturesappearinnewspapersandmagazines.Theyalso

publish（发表）theminbooksandontheInternet.

45.Theunderlinedword"They”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.beautiesB.photosC.goodsD.events

46.ThephotosofthesmallchildrenbyHineshowusthatphotos.

A.arealsoworksofartB.arepopularwaysofreportingnews

C.oftenshockthepublicD.canserveasaforceforsocialchange

47.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Newswithpicturesisencouraging.B.Photoshelppeopleimprove

C.Newsphotosmeanhistoryinasense.D.Peoplepreferreadingnewswithpictures.

48.Thetextismainlyabout_______.

A.tellingthestorythroughpictureB.decoratingthewallsofhomes

C.publishinghistoricalpapersD.expressingfeelingthroughpictures

C

Thiswasnoordinaryclass.Thestudentswhocametogetherwereallscienceorengineering

professorsatCornellUniversity.Theyhadinterruptedtheirresearchtoacceptaninvitationtotake

partinanunusualexperiment:uaninterestingweekofpoetry.^^Thisclasswaspartofastudyto

answerthequestions:Whyissciencedifficultformanynonsciencestudents?Whatcanteachers

learnaboutteachingiftheytakeaclassthatisnotintheirfield?

Thestudentsinthepoetryclasslistenedtolecturesandtooknotes.Theyhadreadingtasksand

hadtowritethreeshortpapers.Allstudentsnoticedonething-theimportanceofspokenwords.

Inscienceandengineeringclasses,theinstructorsputtablesanddrawingsontheblackboard.But

inthispoetryclass,theinstructorsjusttalked.Theydidn'twriteanythingontheboard.

Thescientistsandengineersnoticedonesimilaritybetweenscienceandpoetry.Inboth

subjects,studentsneedtofindlayers（层次）ofmeaning.Somelayersaresimple,clean,andon

thesurface;otherlayersaredeeperandmoredifficult.Thissearchfordifferentlevelsofmeaning

doesn'thappenmuchinundergraduate（本科）scienceclasses,butitisimportantlater,in

graduateschool.Anditisalwaysimportantinhumanities（人文科学）.

Boththepoetryinstructorsandtheirstudentslearnedsomethingaboutteachingfromthis

experience.Onepoetryinstructor,forexample,nowseestheimportanceofusinginformativeas

heteaches.Mostofthescientistsagreedonseveralpoints.First,humanitiesclassesmighthelp

sciencestudentstoseepatternsanddecidewhichinformationisimportant.Second,thepoetry

classwasfun.Oneengineerdecided,4tWeneedtochangethewayweteachengineeringtomake

tomakeitanenjoyableexperienceforstudents.”

Butperhapsthemostimportantresultoftheexperiencewasthis;Alloftheprofessorsbeganto

thinkabouthowtheyteachandhowtheycamteachbetter.

49.Whatdoweknowaboutthisunusualclass?

A.Theteachersdidlotsofwritingontheboard

B.Theteacherwereinvitedtoattendseverallectures.

C.Thestudentwereprofessorsfromauniversity

D.Thestudentswerestudyingscienceandhumanities.

50.Theexperimentwasdesignedtofindout

A.howtoteachthestudentsinthescienceclass

B.whetherpoetryisdifficultforsciencestudents

C.whattobetaughtinthehumanitiesclass

D.whymanyhumanitiesstudentsfindsciencehard.

51.Findinglevelsofmeaningis.

A.importantforgraduatestudentsinhumanities

B.difficultforgraduatestudentsinhumanities

C.commonforundergraduatestudentsinscience

D.easyforundergraduatestudentsinscience.

52.Whatdidthescienceprofessorslearnaftertheexperiment?

A.Theyshouldchangethewaytheyteach

B.Apoemcouldbeexplainedincleardefinitions.

C.Apoetryclasscouldbemoreinformative.

D.Theirteachingwasanenjoyableexperience.

D

Runnersinarelay（接力）racepassastickinonedirection.However,merchantspassed

silk,gold,fruit,andglassalongtheSilkRoadinmorethanonedirection.Theyearnedtheirliving

bytravelingthefamousSilkRoad.

TheSilkRoadwasnotasimpletradingnetwork.Itpassedthroughthousandsofcitiedand

towns.ItstartedfromeasternChina,acrossCentralAsiaandtheMiddleEast,andendedinthe

MediterraneanSea.Itwasusedfromabout200B,C,toaboutA,D,1300,whenseatraveloffered

newroutes（路线）,Itwassometimescalledtheworld'slongesthighway.However,theSilk

Roadwasmadeupofmanyroutes,notonesmoothpath.Theypassedthroughwhatarenow18

countries.Theroutescrossedmountainsanddesertsandhadmanydangersofhotsun,deepsnow

andevenbattles.Onlyexperiencedtraderscouldreturnsafe.

TheSilkRoadgotitsnamefromitsmostprizedproduct.Silkcouldbeusedlikemoney

topaytaxesorbuygoods.Butthetraderscarriedmorethanjustsilk.Gold,silver,andglassfrom

EuropeweremuchfoundintheMiddleEastandAsia.Horsestradedfromotherareaschanged

farmingpracticesinChina.Indianmerchantstradedsaltandothervaluablegoods.Chinese

merchantstradedpaper,whichproducedanimmediateeffectontheWest.Applestraveledfrom

centralAsiatoRome.TheChinesehadlearnedtograft（嫁接）differenttreestogethertomake

newkindsoffruit.Theypassedthisscienceontoothers,includingtheRomans.TheRomansused

graftingtogrowtheapple.TradingalongtheSilkRoadledtoworld-widebusiness2,000years

beforetheWorldWideWeb.

ThepeoplealongtheSilkRoaddidnotsharejustgoods.Theyalsosharedtheirbeliefs.The

SilkRoadprovidedpathwaysforlearning,diplomacy（夕卜交）,andreligion（宗教）

53.It'sprobablethattradersalongtheSilkRoadneeded.

A.toremembertheentiretraderouteB.toknowthemakingofproducts

C.toreceivecertainspecialtrainingD.todealwithalotofdifficulties

54.TheSilkRoadbecamelessimportantbecause.

A.itwasmadeupofdifferentroutesB.silktradingbecamelesspopular

C.seatravelprovidedeasierroutesD.peopleneededfewerforeigngoods

55.NewtechnologiescouldtravelalongtheSilkRoadbecausepeople.

A.learnedfromoneanotherB.sharedeachother'sbeliefs

C.tradedgoodsalongtherouteD.earnedtheirlivingbytraveling

56.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheSilkRoad;PastandPresentB.TheSilkRoad;EastMeetsWest

C.TheSilkRoad;RoutesFullofDangersD.TheSilkRoad;PathwaysforLearning

C

Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthisway

afterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,they

maythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime-abouteight

hoursafteryouwakeup-yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdown

andfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.

Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptfor

onelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.

Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps（小睡）inthemiddleoftheday.Thisis

especiallytrueinwarmerclimates（气候），wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearly

afternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynap

givesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountries

wherenapsaretraditional（传统的）,peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdisease.

Manyworkingpeople,unfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvise

takingnaps,employersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtips

aboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthours

afteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepy

afterward.Thiscanslaohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,trya

shortnap-eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.

44.Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?

A.Theyeattoomuchforlunch.

B.Theysleeptoolittleatnight.

C.Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.

D.Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.

45.Ifyougetupat6:30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanao?

A.About12:30pm.B.About1:30pm.

C.About2:30pmD.About3:30pm

46.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.JustforaRestB.AllforaNap

C.ASpecialSleepPattern.D.TakingNapsinWarmerClimate.

D

FivemillionpeoplevisitGrandCanyonintheUSeveryyear.Forthepurposeofhelping

projectGrandCanyonforyourfellowvisitorsandfuturegenerations,pleasefollowtheguidelines

below.

Camping

Toprojectthepark,campingisallowedonlywithinpermittedcampgrounds.Permitsarerequired

forovernightcampingattheNorthRim.Advancebookingcanbereceivedbymail.Pleasewrite:

InformationCenter,P.O.Box129,GrandCanyon,AZ86023

Fires

Becauseoftheextremefiredanger,campfiresarenotallowedexceptatMatherandDesertView

campgrounds.Collectionoffirewoodisnotallowedeither.

Hiking（远足）

Pleasestayonpermittedpaths.Otherwiseyoumaydestroydesertplants.Packoutwhatyoupack

in.soyouleavenosignsofyourvisit.Itisimportanttokeepinmindthatyouareinanational

parkwherewildlifeexists.

Weather

TheweatheratGramdCanyoncanchangeveryquickly.Withsomuchrock,lightning（闪电）

causesaparticulardangerduringsuddensummerstorms.Thesestormsalsofrequentlybring

floodsinsidevalleys,adangertohikers.Watchtheskiesandcheckdailyweatherreports.

Wildlife

Donotfeedparkwildlife.TherehavebeenafewcasesatGramdCanyonNationalParkwhere

deer（鹿）werepurposelyshotbecausetheyareplasticbagsthatleftthemsickandweak.Hungry

deercanbedangerandhavekickedandbittenvisitorsatGrandCanyon.Someotheranimalswill

alsobegandbite.Foryourownsafetyandthewell-beingoftheanimals,pleasedonotfeed

wildlife,nomatterhowgentletheymayappear.

47.Whatcanyoudofirstifyouwanttogocamping?

A.KnowthepermittedB.Bookcampgroundsinadvance

C.MakesurenottomakeafireD.StopatMatherandDesertView

48.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“packoutwhatyoupackin”inParagraph4probablymean?

A.keepeveryoutofcampgrounds

B.takeawayeverythingyoubringin

C.carryallthenecessaryfood

D.lookafteryourpersonalbelongings

49.WhyweresomedeerkilledonpurposeatGrandCanyon?

A.Theyatewrongthingsandbecameveiyill.

B.Theywereadangertoothergentleanimals.

C.Theybeggedfoodfromvisitors.

D.Theykickedandbitvisitors.

50.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.ToprovidetravelinformationB.Toreportsomerecentnews.

C.ToteachtouristshikingskillsD.Tointroducethewildlife

E

Almosteverydaywecomeacrosssituationsinwhichwehavetomakedecisiononewayor

another.Choice,wearegiventobelieve,isaright.Butforagoodmanypeopleintheworld,in

richandpoorcountries,choiceisaluxury,somethingwonderfulbuthardtoget,notaright.And

forthosewhothinktheyareexercisingtheirrighttomakechoices,thewholesystemismerelyan

illusion,afalseideacreatedbycompaniesandadvertisershopingtoselltheirproducts.

Theendlesschoicegivesbirthtoanxietyinpeople'slive.Buyingsomethingasbasicasa

coffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofeverydaygoodsleadstoasenseof

powerlessnessinmanypeople,endingintheshoppergivingupandwalkingaway,orjustbuying

anunsuitableitemthatitisnotreallywanted.RecentstudiesinEnglandhaveshownthatmany

electricalgoodsboughtinalmosteveryfamilyarenotreallyneeded.Moredifficult

decision-makingistheneitheravoidedortrustedintothehandsoftheprofessionals,lifestyle

instructors,oradvisory.

Itisnotjusttheavailabilityofthegoodsthatistheproblem,butthespeedwithwhichnew

typesofproductscomeonthemarket.Advancesindesignandproductionhelpquickenthe

process.Productsalsoneedtohaveashortlifespansothatthepubliccanbepersuadedtoreplace

themwithinashorttime.Thetypicalexampleiscomputers,whicharealmostout-of-dateonce

theyarebought.Thisindeedmakesselectionaproblem.Gonearethedaywhenonecouldjust

walkwitheaseintoashopandbuyonething:nochoice,noanxiety.

72.WhatdoestheauthortrytoargueinParagraph1?

A.TheexerciseofrightsisaluxuryB.Thepracticeofchoiceisdifficult

C.TherightofchoiceisgivenbutatapriceD.Choiceandrightexistatthesametime

73.Whydomorechoicesofgoodsgiverisetoanxiety?

A.Professionalsfindithardtodecideonssuitableproduct

B.Peoplearelikelytofindthemselvesovercomebybusinesspersuasion.

C.Shoppersmayfindthemselveslostinthebroadrangeofitems.

D.Companiesandadvertisersareoftenmisleadingabouttherangeofchoice.

74.Byusingcomputersasanexample,theauthorwantstoprove.

A.advancedproductsmeettheneedsofpeople.

B.productsofthelatestdesignfloodthemarket

C.competitionsarefierceinhigh-techindustry

D.everydaygoodsneedstobereplacedoften

75.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thevarietyofchoicesinmodernsociety

B.Theopinionsonpeople'srightindifferentcountries

C.Theproblemabouttheavailabilityofeverydaygoods

D.Thehelplessnessinpurchasingdecisions.

B

WeexperiencedifferentformsoftheSun'senergyeveryday.Wecanseeitslightandfeelits

warmth.TheSunisthemajorsourceofevaporation（蒸发）ofwaterfromtheoceansandlakes.

Sunlightalsoprovidestheenergyusedbygreenplantstomaketheirownfood.Thesegreenplants

thenprovidefoodforallorganisms（生物）ontheEarth.

MuchoftheenergythatcomesfromtheSunneverreachestheEarth'ssurface.Itiseither

reflectedorabsorbedbythegasesintheupperatmosphere.Oftheenergythatreachesthelower

atmosphere,30%isreflectedbycloudsortheEarth'ssurface.Theremaining70%warmsthe

surfaceoftheplanet,causeswatertoevaporate,andprovidesenergyforthewatercycleand

weather.Onlyatinypart,approximately0.023%,isactuallyusedbygreenplantstoproducefood.

ManygasesfoundintheatmosphereactuallyreflectheatenergyescapingfromtheEarth's

surfacebacktotheEarth.Thesegasesactliketheglassofagreenhouseinthattheyallowenergy

fromtheSuntoenterbutpreventenergyfromleaving.Theyarethereforecalledgreenhousegases.

Whensunlightstrikesanobject,someoftheenergyisabsorbedandsomeisreflected.The

amountreflecteddependsonthesurface.Forexample,you'veprobablynoticedhowbrightsnowis

whensunlightfallsonit.SnowreflectsmostoftheenergyfromtheSun,soitcontributestothelow

temperaturesofwinter.Dark-coloredsurfaces,suchasdarksoilorforest,absorbmoreenergyand

helpwarmthesurroundingair.

59.Accordingtothepassage,therootcauseforweatherchangesontheEarthis.

A.theatmospheresurroundingtheEarthB.waterfromoceansandlakes

C.energyfromtheSunD.greenhousegasesinthesky

60.OnlyasmallpartoftheSun'senergyreachestheEarth'ssurfacebecausemostofit.

A.absorbedbythecloudsintheloweratmosphere

B.reflectedbythegasesintheupperatmosphere

C.lostintheupperandloweratmosphere

D.usedtoevaporatewaterfromtheoceansandlakes

61.Welearnfromthepassagethat.

A.alllivingthingsontheEarthdependontheSunfortheirfood

B.aforestlooksdarkinwinterbecauseitabsorbssolarenergy

C.only0.023