2024届陕西省百师联盟三模英语试题

2024届高三开年摸底联考全国卷英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanhaveforlunchtoday?A.Chicken.B.Beef.C.Fish.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?ARunningabookshop.B.Buyingabook.C.UsingtheInternet.3.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atanairport.B.Inarailwaystation.C.Onaflight.4.Whowillposttheletterprobably?A.Mary.B.Tom.C.Jack.5.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Shopforclothes.B.Takeatrip.C.Attendafestival.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthemainindustryinthewoman’shometownnow?A.Fishing.B.Sheepfarming.C.Potatogrowing.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’shometown?A.It’srecommendedfortravelling.B.It’saplacewithpleasantweather.C.It’snotagoodplacetomakealiving.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Howmanyfriendsdoesthemanwanttoinvitetotheparty?A.25.B.14.C.13.9.WhatdoweknowaboutMatt?A.Hesuggeststheideaoftheparty.B.Hewillhelpwiththeman’sparty.C.Hehadabigbirthdaypartylastyear.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatwilltouristsdoinKentontomorrow?A.Visitamarket.B.Exploreacastle.C.Touramuseum.11.Wherewillthetourstarttomorrow?A.InGoughStreet.B.InSaxonStreet.C.InParkStreet.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherticket?A.£15.B.£17.C.£19.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomandealwithheroldclothes?A.Bythrowingthemaswaste.B.Bydonatingthemtoacharity.C.Byputtingthemintotherecyclingbox.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helikestobuybigfurniture.B.Heoftenbuyssecond-handfurniture.C.Hissofahasbeenchangedthreetimes.15.WhydidthewomanbuyanewTV?A.Thepreviousonewasoutofdate.B.Thepreviousonewasdamagedbythelightening.C.Thepreviousonewasdestroyedbyherchildren.16.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Surprised.B.Annoyed.C.Satisfied.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhoisValkyrienamedafter?A.Afemaleastronaut.B.Amoviecharacter.C.Afigurefromamythology.18.Whatwillastronautsdoifhuman-likerobotsareusedinspace?A.Cleansolarpanels.B.Focusonexploration.C.Checkequipmentoutsidethespacecraft.19.WhatisApptronik?AAroboticscompany.B.Ahuman-likerobot.C.Aspacecenter.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.NASAisdevelopingsoftwareforValkyrie.B.NASAaimstoputrobotsinspace.C.NASAreleasesanewresearchreport.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASummerBadmintonCampOurannualbadmintoncampsarebackthisJuneholidays!Comeandjoinusforsomefunandaction!AllcampswillbeheldattheChestnutSportsHall.Thereareatotalof4fun-filledcampslinedupforthisamazingholiday.Theaimistoallowthemtounderstandandlifttheirgametothenextlevelorjustforrecreation,atthesametimeaddingfunelementsintrainingtobuildastronginterestinthesport.CampsAvailableBeginner:Forthosewhowanttolearnbasicbadmintonskills.Date:12to14June2024Time:9a.m.to12p.m.Fees:$80Ages:5-8yearsoldonlyIntermediate:Forthosewhoknowthebasicsofplayingbadmintonandwanttoimprovetheirskillsfurther.Date:15to17June2024Time:9a.m.to12p.m.Fees:$100Ages:7-12yearsoldonlyAdvanced:Forthosewhowanttotakeupbadmintonasacompetitivesport.Date:19to21June2024Time:9a.m.to1p.m.Fees:$150Ages:11-12yearsoldonlyRecreation:Forthosewhowanttomakenewfriendswhilestayingactive.Date:12to14June2024Time:3p.m.to7p.m.Fees:$60Ages:13-16yearsoldonlyCampHighlightGuestSpeakerBadmintonworldchampion,AdrianGoh,willaddresstheparticipantsatthestartofeachcamp.Hewillshareinvaluabletipsandhisexperienceofplayingbadmintoncompetitively.SpecialCampPresentAllparticipantswillreceiveoursummerbadmintoncampsweaterandwaterbottleEarlyBirdSpecialFirst20participantstoregisterwillbegivenapairofYinexbadmintonbats.Formoreinformation,callMr.Tanat67892111orvisitourwebsiteatwww.sbssummercamps.com1.Whichshouldyousignupforifyouwanttobecomeanationalbadmintonplayer?A.Thebeginnercamp. B.Theadvancedcamp.C.Theintermediatecamp. D.Therecreationcamp.2.WhoisAdrianGoh?A.Asummerbadmintoncamper. B.Thebadmintoncamporganizer.C.Abadmintonworldchampion. D.Asponsorforthesummercamp.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveawayfreebadmintonbats.B.Topromotethespecialcampbottles.C.ToinvitepeopletoattendMr.Goh’stalk.D.Toencouragepeopletosignupforthecamps.BCatherineKrestynfurnished(布置家具)herhomemainlywithhardrubbish,suchasthechairs,doorsandlamps,whichhavebeencollectedfromthestreetwhereshelives.Andit’sawayoflifeshe’ssharingwithhercommunityinthehopeofmakingadifference.Catherineleadsa6,000-strongonlinegroupcalledBoroondaraHardRubbishRehome,wheremembersuploadpicturesoftheirhardrubbishpilesforeagerlocalstofind.Shestartedthegroupin2022withherchildhoodfriendJennieIrving,hopingtobuildacommunityofthrift(节俭)wheretheylived.Thepairhavestoppedmorethan7,000kgofhardrubbishgoingtolandfillsincetheyfoundedthegroup.Someitemsarereadyastheyare,likechairsandlamps,andotherstakeabitofefforttocleanup,liketheold,woodendoors.LocalteacherRuthPolgardiscoveredthegroupwhilesurfingtheInternetandhassincedecoratedherclassroomwithsecond-handitems,includingartworkshehasrehomedfromaneighbour.“Weregularlytakeunneededitemsfromthegroupandusethemforourschoolprojects,”shesays.RunningthegroupcanbereallychallengingforCatherine.Butshedoesn’tresentthosewhohavetoletgooftheirpossessionsbecauseofstressfulcircumstances.“Ifyou’redownsizingorifyou’reclearinganoldhouse,quiteoftenyou’redesperateforaccesstoeasyoptions,”shesays.“Hardrubbishpilesareoftenthatoption.”AllCatherinewantstodoisgivehercommunityawaytoreducetheirwaste,andtosendamessagetothoseinchargethatthingsneedtourgentlychange.“Thegovernmenthasbigtargetsaroundsustainabledevelopmentleadinginto2030.Wewanttostartspeedingthatupevensooner,”shesays.“We’resufferingfromourownwastereally,soanythingthatwecanalldoonapracticallevelhelps.Weshouldfirstmakelifestylechoicesandbepreparedtogosecond-hand.”4.WhydidCatherinesetupBoroondaraHardRubbishRehome?A.Tocreateacommunityofthrift. B.Todonatehercollectiontocharity.C.Tocollecthardrubbishforlocals. D.Todecoratethehousesforthehomeless.5.WhatcanweinferaboutRuthPolgar?A.Shepreferssecond-handitems. B.ShebuysitemsontheInternet.C.ShesupportsCatherine’scause. D.Sheteachesartatalocalschool.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resent”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Feelangryabout. B.Feelpleasedwith.C.Showsympathyfor. D.Showinterestin.7.WhatdoesCatherineadvocateinthelastparagraph?A.Settingourselvesabiggoal. B.Givingthrowawaysasecondlife.C.Meetingthegovernment’srequirements. D.Replacingoldfurnitureregularly.CScientistshavebeenexperimentingwithplayingsoundstoplantssinceatleastthe1960s,duringwhichtimetheyhavebeenexposedtoeverythingfromBeethoventoMichaelJackson.Overtheyears,evidencethatthissortofthingcanhaveaneffecthasbeengrowing.Onepaper,publishedin2018,claimedthatanAsianshrubknownasthetelegraphplantgrewsubstantiallylargerleaveswhenexposedto56daysofBuddhistmusic—butnotifitwasexposedtoWesternpopmusicorsilence.Another,publishedlastyear,foundthatmarigoldsandsageplantsexposedtothenoiseoftrafficfromabusymotorwaysufferedgrowthdifficulty.Plantshavebeenevolving(进化)alongsidetheinsectsthateatthemforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Withthatinmind,HeidiAppel,abotanistnowattheUniversityofHouston,andReginaldCocroft,abiologistattheUniversityofMissouri,wonderedifplantsmightbesensitivetothesoundsmadebytheanimalswithwhichtheymostofteninteract.Theyrecordedthevibrationsmadebycertainspeciesofcaterpillars(毛毛虫)astheychewedonleaves.Thesevibrationsarenotpowerfulenoughtoproducesoundwavesintheair.Buttheyareabletotravelacrossleavesandbranches,andeventoneighbouringplantsiftheirleavestouch.Theythenexposedtobaccoplant—theplantbiologist’sversionofthelaboratorymouse—totherecordedvibrationswhilenocaterpillarswereactuallypresent.Later,theyputrealcaterpillarsontheplantstoseeifexposurehadledthemtoprepareforaninsectattack.Theresultswerestriking.Leavesthathadbeenexposedhadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals,makingthemmuchharderforthecaterpillarstoeat.Leavesthathadnotbeenexposedtovibrationsshowednosuchresponse.Othersortsofvibration—causedbythewind,forinstance,orotherinsectsthatdonoteatleaves—hadnoeffect.“Nowspeakerswiththerightaudiofilesaremoreoftenbeingusedtowarncropstoactwheninsectsaredetectedbutnotyetwidespread,”saysDr.Cocroft.“Unlikechemicalpesticides,soundwavesleavenodangerouschemicals.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutplantsfromthefirstparagraph?A.TheymayenjoyWesternmusic. B.Theycan’tstandBuddhistmusic.C.Theycanreacttodifferentsounds. D.Theycanmakedifferentsounds.9.What’sthebasisforAppelandCocroft’sresearch?A.Plantscanmakeacryforhelp. B.Plantsevolvealongsideinsects.C.Plantsaresensitivetothesounds. D.Plantshavebeenstudiedforyears.10.WhatcanweinferaboutplantsfromParagraph3?A.Theycanrecongnizeharmfulvibrations. B.Theylooklikelaboratorymice.C.Theycanthreatenthecaterpillars. D.Theycanreleasepoisonouschemicals.11Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Disadvantagesofchemicalpesticides. B.Applicationoftheexperimentalresults.C.Interactionbetweenplantsandinsects. D.Warningsystemofwidespreadinsects.DAphysicalcheckupoftenbeginswithaseriesofquestions:Whatfoodsdoyoueat?Doyousmoke?Gettinganyexercise?Newresearchsuggestsanothertellingindicatorcouldbeaddedtothatlist:Whatwasyourcollegemajor?Thestudyfindsone’schosenfieldofcollegestudyisastatisticallysignificantpredictorofhealthinmidlife.Theresearchersfindthefourmajorsassociatedwiththebestmidlifehealtharearchitecture/engineering,biology/lifesciences,business,and—here’sasurprise—communications/journalism.Perhapschasingafterbigstorieskeepsusjournalistsinshape.Ithaslongbeenestablishedthatpeoplewithmoreeducationtendtobehealthier.Butdoesone’smajormatter?Tofindout,theresearchersanalyzeddatafromthenationallyrepresentativeAmericanCommunitySurvey.Theirsampleconsistedof3.7millionUnitedStates-bornadultsbetweentheagesof45and64—thetimeoflifewhenphysicalfunctioningproblemsstarttoappear.Participantsnotedwhethertheyhaddifficultywalkingorclimbingstairs,dressingorbathing.A“yes”answerinanyofthosecategoriesresultedinagradeofrelativelypoorhealth.Theresearchersfocusedonthe667,362participantswhoearnedabachelor’sdegree,butwentnofurtherintheireducation.Theynotedeachperson’scollegemajor,whichtheyplacedintooneof15categories.Theyfoundsubstantialdifferencesinhealthacrossmajors.Twomajorsareparticularlydisadvantagedinmidlife.Thechancesofpoorhealthare1.9timesgreateramongpsychology/socialworkandlaw/publicpolicymajorscomparedtobusinessmajors.Theresearchersarguethisislikelyduetoseveralfactors.Psychologymajorstendtosufferfromhighunemploymentandlowearnings.Law/publicpolicymajorsoftenenterthefieldoflawenforcement(执行).Theresearcherssaythattheyhavediscoveredassociations,notproofofcausality(因果关系).Buttheymakeaconvincingcasethatsomemajorsleadpeopletolivehealthierlifestylesthanothers.Theirfindingsmighteveninspireawarningcountrysong:Mammas,don’tletyourbabiesgrowuptobepsychologymajors.12.Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Smokingcanleadtopoorhealth. B.Dietismoreimportantthanexercise.C.Physicalcheckupskeepyouhealthy. D.Collegemajorchouldbeaddedtoacheckup.13.Howdoresearchersdrawtheirconclusions?A.Bydoingface-to-faceinterviews. B.Byfollowingparticipants’dailyroutines.C.Bydoingmedicalexaminations. D.Byanalyzingtherepresentativedata.14.Whichofthefollowingisagainstmidlifehealthaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Engineering. B.Business. C.Psychology. D.Agriculture.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Collegemajorscanpredictmidlifehealth.B.Moremajorsincollegecanimprovehealth.C.Theannualphysicalexamisnecessarytolife.D.Peoplewithmoreeducationtendtobehealthier.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文中的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThephilosophythatcanhelpyoukeepyourhomeorganizedHowcanwecleanupourspaceandkeepitthatway?That’saquestionthatStarHansenthinksalotabout.She’saprofessionalorganizerwhoteachesclassesonhomeorganizing.Shebelievesthatkeepingyourhomeneatandtidyisacontinualprocess.____16____.Herearehertidyingphilosophystrategiestocleanupyourmesses.UnderstandyourchaosHansensayseveryone’schaostellsapersonalstory.Whatbecomeschaosandwhereyourchaosbuildupcansayalotaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.Ifyouhaveunwantedpilesofstuffaroundyourhouse,askyourself:What’smakingithardtothrowthemaway?Forexample,auniformthathasn’tfitforyears.____17____.Whenyouunderstandthereasonsbehindyourchaos,it’saloteasiertoknowwhattokeepandwhattothrowaway.StartsmallWhenitcomestoorganizing,don’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew.Ifyoustartwithtoobigagoal,youmightgetdiscouragedifthejobtakestoolong.Sodon’ttrytocleanyourentiregarageinoneafternoon.____18____.Forexample,youcantidyyourcupboardfirstandsavemorecomplicateditems,likeyourgarage,forlast.Settingrealisticgoalscanhelpkeepyouinvestedintheprocess.____19____It’seasytobeorganizedthedayaftertidying.Butwhathappenswhenyoucomehomefromatripandaretootiredtounpackyourluggage?Orwhenyougetthefluandaretoosicktocleanup?Thekeytostayingorganizedistocreatepracticesthatcanbeeasilymaintained.Makeasystemthatworksforyouevenwhenyou’vegotacold.Forexample,labelstoragecontainersonallfoursidessothey’reeasiertospot.____20____.A.MakeiteasytostayorganizedB.AbandonthefancystorageboxesC.Instead,startwithsomethinglesschallengingD.MaybeitrevealsalongingforyourformerprofessionE.Thatattitudecanhelpyouletgoofthingsyoudon’tneedF.YouhavetotakethetimetocreatesystemsthatworkforyouG.Makesureyourmostuseditemsarealwaystheeasiesttoreach第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InJan.2020,TeresaHernandezwas35weekspregnant.Onemorning,shehadastrange____21____—thebabywasn’tmovingasitusuallydid.Shedecidedtogotothehospitalto____22____everythingwasOK.Whenshegotthere,shelearnedthatthebaby’sheartratewas____23____.Thedoctorstoldherthatherbabyneededtobedelivered____24____byanoperation.Hearingthat,Hernandezwasincomplete____25____.Afterall,thebabywastoolittle.Butthedoctorssaidifthebabywas____26____,theywouldn’tbeabletohelpifsomethingwentwrong.Hernandezwas____27____totheoperatingroom.Ontheway,shesufferedfromgreat____28____.Shestartedtocryandhavetroublebreathing,andsheknewshewashavinga____29____attack.That’swhenanurseintheoperatingroom_____30_____tohelp.“Thisnurse,shetookmyhandandstartedpressingwith_____31_____.Andthenshe_____32_____mewhiletheyweredoingtheoperation.Andthenshe_____33_____onehandonmycheek.Andshestartedhumming,”Hernandez_____34_____.“Ifeltlikemymomwasthere,holdingme.”_____35_____herhusband,Hernandezhadnofamilywithher.Butthenurse’sactofwarmthbroughther_____36_____.Itfeltlikehermom_____37_____herinthehospital.“Whenyourmomisthere,youfeel_____38_____.Youfeellikeyoucandoit.Youfeellikeeverythingisgoingtobe_____39_____.Andthat’swhatIfeltwithher,”Hernandezsaid.“I’mreally,really_____40_____forwhatshedidthatdayforme.”21.A.dream B.idea C.feeling D.decision22.A.promise B.ensure C.agree D.argue23.Adeclining B.happening. C.appearing D.starting24.A.immediately B.gradually C.extremely D.formally25.A.comfort B.control C.excitement D.shock26.A.nearby B.inside C.outside D.around27.A.invited B.introduced C.rushed D.recommerded28.A.anxiety B.hesitation C.difficulty D.burden29.A.heart B.surprise C.pleasure D.panic30.A.steppeddown B.turnedout C.steppedin D.droppedby31.A.surprise B.sympathy C.dignity D.confusion32.A.admired B.called C.showed D.held33.A.placed B.grasped C.skipped D.covered34.A.concluded B.reported C.reminded D.recalled35.A.Dueto B.Insteadof C.Apartfrom D.Asfor36.A.pride B.relief C.duty D.concern37.A.expected B.remembered C.accompanied D.arranged38.A.protected B.affected C.educated D.respected39.A.exact B.right C.plain D.crazy40.A.desperate B.suitable C.ready D.grateful第二节(共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SouthKoreanshaveenjoyedtheirfirstclose-uplookofnewbabygiantpandasataname-revealingceremonythatisalso____41____earlycelebrationofthe100dayssincethetwins’birth.WhattonamethetwinsisterswaswidelydiscussedamongnetizensaftertheywerebornonJuly7inthemeparkEverland.Thenameswere____42____(ultimate)decidedonthroughtwopublicvoting____43____(procedure).OneisnamedRuiBao,whichmeanswisetreasure,andtheotherisHuiBaoorshiningtreasure.Halfamillionpandalovershelpedchoosetheirnameswithahandfulofluckyfans____44____(invite)totheceremony.“They