2024年重庆市沙坪坝区中考英语一模试卷（含解析）

2024年重庆市沙坪坝区中考英语一模试卷一．选择题（共10小题，满分10分，每小题1分）1．（1分）Althoughheis_____oldman，hecangoto______universityfortheold.（）A．an，an B．an，a C．a，a D．a，an2．（1分）Howtimeflies!Mylittlesoncandresswithoutthehelpofothersnow.（）A．he B．him C．himself D．his3．（1分）Whichactivitydoyouprefertojoinin，thereadingcompetition______thespeech？（）A．for B．or C．but D．and4．（1分）﹣I'dliketoknowthe________whyyou'resolate．﹣BecauseIgotuplate．（）A．result B．reason C．news D．fact5．（1分）﹣Doyoulikechocolate？﹣No，Idon't，butI______havealittletogivemesomeenergy．（）A．sometimes B．often C．usually D．always6．（1分）—WhydidEddieleaveinahurry？—Ithinkthere'ssomethingwrongwithhimtoday.Look，he__________hisfood.（）A．isn'ttouching B．doesn'ttouch C．hasn'ttouched D．didn'ttouch7．（1分）AtalkonenvironmentinourschoolnextSunday.（）A．willgive B．hasgiven C．hasbeengiven D．willbegiven8．（1分）﹣Waiter，﹩20fordinner，right？﹣I'mafraid﹩25，fordrinksare．（）A．extra B．free C．spare D．equal9．（1分）Wendyalwaysusesplants______herroom．（）A．decorate B．todecorate C．decorating D．decorates10．（1分）—Doyouknow_______duringthewintermonths？—BecauseoftheweatherinQatar（卡塔尔.（）A．whytheWorldCup2022willbeheld B．whentheWorldCup2022willbeheld C．whywilltheWorldCup2022beheld D．whenwilltheWorldCup2022beheld二．完形填空11．（10分）Billisagoodstudentandasmartboy．Helikestostudy（1），andhecandoallofthemathsproblemsinhisbookeasily．Onedayonhiswaytoschool，Billpassedafruitstore．Therewasa（2）inthewindowwhichsaid，"Apple﹣sixfor5cents（美分）．"Anidea（3）toBillandhewentintothestore．"How（4）aretheapples？"heaskedthestore．"Sixfor5cents．""ButIdon'twantsixapples．""Howmanyapplesdoyouwant？""ItisnotaquestionofhowmanyapplesIwant．Itisamathsproblem．""Whatdoyou（5）byamathsproblem？"askedtheman．"Well，ifsixapplesareworth（值）5cents，fourapplesareworth3cents，threeapplesareworth2cents（6）．Ionlywant（7）apple．"Bill（8）agoodapple，begantoeatitandwalked（9）outofthestore．Themanlookedattheyoungboywithsuch（10）thathecouldnotsayaword．（1）A．EnglishB．BiologyC．GeographyD．Maths（2）A．newsB．bookC．signD．glass（3）A．cameB．wentC．gotD．appeared（4）A．manyB．muchC．bigD．heavy（5）A．meanB．doC．sayD．plan（6）A．somethingB．anythingC．everythingD．nothing（7）A．oneB．twoC．threeD．four（8）A．lookedoutB．putoutC．pickedoutD．setout（9）A．angrilyB．happilyC．easilyD．carefully（10）A．sadnessB．prizeC．surpriseD．fruit三．阅读理解12．（10分）AlthoughShenzhenhadgoodresultsafterstartingsortinggarbage（垃圾分类）in2020，westillneedtoknowthatthegarbageisincreasing（增长的），Shenzhenmade29，000tonsofgarbageanditwentupby5（习惯）ofsortinggarbage.Someschools，hospitals，companiesandfamiliesaregoodatsortinggarbage.AschoolinLuohuDistrictstartedsortinggarbagesixyearsago.Itisfamousforhavingan"environmentalprotectionbank"toencouragestudentstosortgarbage.Theteacherswritedowntherecyclable（可回收的），paperandglassthestudentscollecteveryday，Thentheygivethempointsaccordingto（根据），theschoolhelpsstudentsdevelopahabitofsortinggarbage.AladyinYantianDistrictsaidherfamilywasnamedasa"goodgarbage﹣sortingfamily".Theyhavetwogarbagebinsathomeforkitchenwasteandotherwaste.Besides，theysetuptwoareastocollectuselesswasteandrecyclables.Herfamilymembersalsohelpotherssortgarbageinarightway.Also，technologies（科技）likeAlrobotswillbeusedforhelpingpeoplesortgarbage.Infact（1）HowmanytonsofgarbagedidShenzhenproducein2021？A．5，000tons.B．24，000tons.C．29，000tons.D．34，000tons.（2）WhydoestheschoolinLuohuhavean"environmentalprotectionbank"？A．Totellteachersandparentstomakelessgarbage.B．Toencouragemoreandmoreschoolstosortgarbage.C．Toteachpeoplewhoworkinbankshowtosortgarbage.D．Tohelpstudentsdevelopagoodhabitofsortinggarbage（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A．OnlyaschoolinLuohubegangarbagesortingin2014.B．StudentsofaschoolinLuohuhelpotherssortgarbage.C．AfamilyinYantiandoesagoodjobonsortinggarbage.D．Newtechnologieswon'tbeusedtohelppeoplesortgarbage.（4）Whatdoesthewriterthinkofgarbagesorting？A．It'sboringB．It'sdifficultC．It'simportantD．It'sinteresting13．（10分）Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic．Notonlydoeshewanttosayitwell，buthewantsittobesomethingthathasnotbeensaidbefore．Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstandwhathewantstoteachthem，andwhathewantsthemtolearnfromhim．Whatvisual（视觉的）artistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbutdifficulttoexplain，becausepainterstranslatetheirexperienceintoshapesandcolours，outofcountlessbillionsof，isexceptionallyinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous．WithouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcoloursMostartiststaketheirshapesandcoloursfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandatrest；theirchoicesindicate（指示）thattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat（当代的）artistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern，thatthereisnothingmoreinit．Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects．Ifonepainterchoosestopaintadecaying（腐烂）legandanotheralakeinmoonlight，eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertainaspectoftheworld．Eachpainteristellingussomething，emphasizingsomething﹣allofwhichmeansthat，consciously（有意识地），heistryingtoteachus．（1）Anartisthopesthatthepublicwill．A．understandhimandlearnfromhimB．noticeonlyshapesandcoloursinhisworkC．teachhimsomethingD．believewhathesaysinhiswork（2）Itishardtoexplainwhatapainterissayingbecausehe/she．A．doesnotexpresshimself/herselfwellB．usesunusualwordsandphrasesC．usesshapesandcoloursinsteadofwordsD．doesnotsayanythingclearly（3）Thewriterpointsoutthatthecontemporaryartistsmightsaytheirchoicesofsubject．A．carryamessagetothepublicB．onlyprovideinterestingpatternC．havenopatternorformD．teachthepublicimportanttruths（4）Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage？A．Apaintingismoreeasilyunderstoodthanmusic．B．Artismerelythearrangingofshapeandcolours．C．Everyartisttriestosaysomethingconsciouslytothepublic．D．Onemustlookbeyondshapeandcolourtofindwhattheartistissaying．14．（10分）Thereareusuallysomeclassroomsinaschool．Butnow，aEuropean（欧洲的）countryistryingtomakesomethingdifferent．Theywanttobuildspecialschools．Intheseschools，nousual（通常的）subjectlessonsandnogrades!Someteachersthinkthatchildrenarecreativeandtheirlearningandideasareasimportantasanyotherfamouspeople．Sowhynotgivethemthesameenvironment？Insuchenvironment，theycanbesuccessful．Inthespecialschool，thereisnosuchkindofproblemsas'right'or'wrong'．Theschoolbelievesthateverythingisalearningexperience，andteachers'workistoteachstudentshowtolearn．ThefirstspecialschoolopenedinAugust，2011．Ithasfivelearningspaces．Soundsgreat？Thiskindofschoolsisfreebecausetheyarepartofthecountry'spublicschools．（1）Inthespecialschoolsthereareno．A．usualclassroomsorgradesB．studentsorteachersC．studentsorsubjectlessonsD．teachersorclassrooms（2）Famouspeopleareusuallygoodat．A．writingB．readingC．studyingD．learning（3）Inthespecialschool，it'simportant．A．tofindananswerisrightB．tofindanansweriswrongC．toenjoyalearningexperienceD．toteachstudentslessons（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"public"meaninChinese？A．私立的B．公立的C．环保的D．普通的（5）Whichofthefollowingistrue？A．Aspecialschoolopenedin2011．B．It'sexpensivetogettospecialschools．C．Thespecialschoolisn'tapublicschool．D．Thespecialschoolhasfiveclassrooms．15．（10分）Fromtinyseeds（种子），greatdiscoveriesgrow．Amini﹣gardencarriedonChina'sChang'e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld．ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang'e4．OnJanuary2，theprobe（探测器）becamethefirstlandertotouchdownonthefarsideofthemoon．Thisistheunknownfaceofthemoonthatisalwayslookingawayfromus，thefarsideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside．Forexample，whenallwecanseeisasilverofanewmoonPartofChang'e4'smission（使命）istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans，includingexploring（探索），waterandsoilwithseedsplantedinit．Whenplantsshootontheearth，theirstemsgrowawayfromthegravity（theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground），soChang'e4'sexperimentwasatest：wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasuponthemoon？Fourdaysafterlanding，atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo．Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon；sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary．Asaresult，thecottonshootsdied．Besidesthedarkness（itcandropto﹣170℃onthemoonatnight）．However，theexperimentisasuccess（1）Thetextismainlyabout．A．anothersuccessforChang'e4B．Chang'e4moonlanderC．tinyseedsinthesoilD．thestepsofanexperiment（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChang'e4？A．Itcarriedamini﹣garden．B．Itlandedonthenearsideofthemoon．C．Itexploredthemoonbase．D．Itfoundplantsonthemoon．（3）Fromthetextwecanknowthat．A．thefarsideofthemoongetslesssunlightB．wecanseethefarsideofthemoonfromtheearthC．thestemsfailtogrowawayfromtheearth'sgravityD．theearthplantsknowthewaytogrowonthemoon（4）Whatcanbeinferred（推理）fromthetext？A．Plantscanbegrownonthemoonsoon．B．Itisperfecttodoexperimentsonthemoon．C．Thecottonshootscanlastdaysonthemoon．D．WecanseeanewmoonatthestartofFebruary．（5）Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext？A．Healthandsport．B．Historyandculture．C．Scienceandtechnology．D．Populationandenvironment．四．补全对话16．（10分）在横线上填入适当的话语（话语可以是一个词、短语或句子），使对话内容完整、正确。A：Hello，HuangJun.B：Hello，LiWei.A：It'safineday.（1）intheafternoon？B：Idon'tdoanything（任何事情）.Let'splaybasketball.A：（2）.B：（3）？A：No，Idon't.Butmybrotherhasone.B：（4）？A：It'sbrown.B：（5）？A：He'sathome.Let'sgoandaskhimforit.B：OK.Let'sgo.五．完成句子17．（2分）旅馆服务生把我们带到了我们的房间．Thebellboyourrooms18．（2分）吉姆的生日是在二月十八日．birthdayison18th．19．（2分）AretheseMary'sfriends？（改为单数形式）Mary's？20．（2分）Howmuchistheapple？（改为同义句）What'sthetheapple？21．（2分）Shestudiedtoolatetothinkclearly.（同义句转换）Shestudiedlateshecouldn'tthinkclearly.六．短文填空（满分10分）22．（10分）Chinahasmanyrobots（机器人）nowandyoucanoftenseetheminsomeplaces.Youcanfindsomerobot（1）（work）.Somerobotscanhelpyoudohousework，andsomecanplaywithyou.MyfriendTasuku（2）（have）arestaurantinChina.It'snexttoashop.Hebuys（3）[twelv]robotsfortherestaurant.Itisnotbig（4）verypopular（受欢迎的）.Nowmoreandmorepeoplecomeherefor（5）['dinə].Therobotshavedifferentjobsintherestaurant.Threerobotscookdifferent（6）offood.Oneordersmeals.Twocleanthedesksandtheothersgivefood（7）thecustomers（顾客）.Therobotsare（8）['klevə]，too.TheycansayhellotopeopleinEnglish.Tasukulikes（9）（they）verymuch.Andheknowsrobotsvery（10）（good）.Hethinksinthefuture（在将来），lotsofrobotscanhelpmoreandmorerestaurants.七．任务型阅读23．（10分）Manypeopledon'tliketostayathomeonholidays.Theywanttogoouttoseesomethingdifferentanddosomethingexciting.Sopeoplefromthecountrycometothecityandpeoplefromthecitygotothecountrysideforholidays.OnthisMayDay，myfamilywenttothecountrysidebycarforourholiday.Thereweretoomanycarsontheroad，sowehadtomoveveryslowly.Ittookusaboutanhourtogetoutofthecity.Aftersometimeitwasagoodplaceforapicnic，sowestoppedandtookthefood，fruitanddrinksoutofthecar.Wesatdownunderabiggreentreeandstartedtoeat.Suddenlyastrongwindblewandsoonitstartedtorain.Wehadtorunbacktoourcarandhaveourpicnicinthecar.Thenwedrovebackhome.Whatterriblethetripwas!（1）Manypeoplewanttogoouttoseethingsanddoexcitingthingsonholidays.（2）Thewriter'sfamilyhadtodroveveryslowlybecausetherewereontheroad.（3）Fromthesecondparagraph，weknowthatthewriter'sfamilymaylivein.（4）Inparagraph2，theunderlinedword"it"refersto.（5）Thewriterthoughttheirtripwas.八．书面表达24．（20分）假如你是王昆，你的美国网友Tom对中国的传统节日"春节"非常感兴趣，请你以"MyFavoriteFestival"为题，给他做一介绍．1．要点包括：节日简介、节日准备、节日活动等；2．字数要求：100字左右3．提示：theSpringFestival，traditional，gettogether，bedressedupSubject：MyFavoriteFestivalFrom：WangKunDearTom，．

2024年重庆市沙坪坝区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题，满分10分，每小题1分）1．【分析】虽然他是一个老人，但他可以上老年大学。【解答】a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，an用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前，设空处都表示泛指，后面的old是以元音音素开头的；第二个空，因此用a来修饰。故选：B。【点评】掌握冠词的用法是解答本题的关键。2．【分析】时间过得真快!我的小儿子现在不需要别人的帮助就能自己穿衣服了。【解答】he他，人称代词主格，人称代词宾格，反身代词，名词性或形容词性物主代词littlecantheofnow."结合语境，dressoneself"某人自己穿衣服"。故选：C。【点评】掌握反身代词的用法和含义是解答本题的关键。3．【分析】你更喜欢参加哪个活动，阅读比赛还是演讲？【解答】A为了；B或者；D和，阅读比赛还是演讲可知，要用or表示或者。故选：B。【点评】本题考查连词的用法。要求学生熟练掌握连词的含义，结合句意作答。4．【分析】﹣我想知道你为什么迟到的理由．﹣因为我起床晚了．【解答】result结果；reason理由；fact事实．故选：B．【点评】了解各个选项的含义及用法，根据语境作答．5．【分析】﹣你喜欢巧克力吗？﹣不，我不喜欢．但是我有时会吃一点补充能量．【解答】正确答案：A．sometimes表示有时，usually表示通常．根据语境可知说话人不喜欢吃巧克力，故选择A．【点评】本题考查频度副词，基础题，熟悉常用频度副词的含义，解题关键是连词but，再根据题干即可作出选择．6．【分析】﹣埃迪为什么匆忙离开？﹣我觉得他今天有点不对劲。看，他没有碰他的食物。【解答】touch触碰。A.现在进行时；C.现在完成时。根据Look__________his，他没有碰他的食物，所以用一般过去时。故选：D。【点评】对时态的考查，要求牢记各种时态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案。7．【分析】下星期天我们学校将举行一个关于环境的讲座。【解答】根据nextSunday（下个星期天）可知，句子应为一般将来时；Atalkonenvironment（一个关于环境的讲座）为主语，因此本句使用被动语态。故答案为：D。【点评】本题考查一般将来时和被动语态，需要分析句中各个成分，根据语境，选出正确答案。8．【分析】﹣﹣服务员，晚饭20，对吗？﹣﹣恐怕是25，先生，因为饮料是另外收费的．【解答】答案：A．首先明确选项中每个单词的意思，A：额外的/另外收费的；C：多余的；根据题干推测对话的句意是"﹣﹣服务员，对吗，先生．"，由此判断句子中缺少"另外收费的"一词．故选：A．【点评】了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．9．【分析】Wendy总是用植物装饰她的房间．【解答】考查不定式．句意：Wendy总是用植物装饰她的房间．固定句型．故选：B．【点评】熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案．10．【分析】﹣﹣你知道2022年世界杯为什么在冬季举办吗？﹣﹣因为卡塔尔的天气。【解答】根据观察和分析可知题干包含一个宾语从句。宾语从句的语序使用陈述句语序（主谓不倒装，be动词和情态动词不提到主语前）。选项A询问的是原因。根据答语的意思可知本题正确答案是A。故选：A。【点评】本题主要考查宾语从句使用陈述句语序（主谓不倒装，不加助动词，be动词及情态动词等不提到主语前）的相关知识。二．完形填空11．【分析】本文叙述了Bill非常擅长数学，有一天他路过一个水果店，看见水果店的窗子上写着水果的价格是6个苹果5美分，他利用数学的推理自己没有花一分钱拿走了一个苹果．【解答】（1）D考查名词辨析．A英语；C地理；根据后面hedoofmathsinbook，应该是喜欢学习数学．（2）C考查名词辨析．A消息；C标牌；根据后面for5（美分），应该是有个标牌上写着这个．（3）A考查动词辨析．A来；C到达；根据AntoBillheintostore，就进了商店．，突然进入脑海．（4）B考查形容词辨析．A很多；B很多；C大的；根据回答Six5cents，用howmuch．（5）A考查动词辨析．A意味着；C说；根据上句isaproblem是个数学问题，故答案为A．（6）D考查代词辨析．A一些，用于否定句或问句；D没有什么，ifapplesworth5centsfiveare4centsapplesworth3，threeare4centsapplesworth1andappleworth，那么五个苹果值四美分，三个苹果值二美分，一个苹果值一文不值．（7）A考查数词辨析．A一；C三；根据apple是单数形式，故答案为A．（8）C考查动词短语辨析．A向外看；C挑出，出发agood，应该是挑一个好苹果．（9）B考查副词辨析．A生气地；C容易的；根据beganeatandoutofstore，应该是开心地向外走．（10）C考查名词辨析．A伤心：B奖励；D水果，这里Thelookedtheboysuchthathenotaword，一句话也说不出来．【点评】考查完形填空．根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺．三．阅读理解12．【分析】短文讲了人们需要养成分类垃圾的习惯。详细地介绍了一些垃圾分类的例子，及其告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。【解答】（1）数字计算题。根据In，Shenzhen29tonsgarbageitup5，000in，深圳产生了2.8万吨垃圾。）可计算出2021深圳产生了34000吨垃圾。（2）细节理解题。根据AinDistrictsortingsixago.Itfamoushaving"environmentalbank"tostudentssort。它以拥有"环保银行"来鼓励学生垃圾分类而闻名，是为了帮助学生养成垃圾分类的好习惯。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据AinDistrictherwasasgoodfamily".（盐田区的一位女士说。）可知盐田的一户人家在垃圾分类方面做得很好。（4）细节理解题。根据Itveryfortosortingfromown，从自己家开始垃圾分类是非常重要的。故选C。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。13．【分析】本文讲述了每一位艺术家在内心都想给公众说些什么，他们希望公众能够理解他们，并从中学到一些东西．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题Hethewillandwhatwantsteach，andhethemlearnhim，他并从中学到一些东西．（2）C．细节理解题becausetranslateexperienceshapescolourswords，而不是语言．故选：c．（3）B．细节理解题mightthatmerelysubjectsprovideinteresting，thatismoreit．故选：B．（4）D．推理判断题Everyknowshisthatissomethingthe．可知每位艺术家在内心知道他在跟公众对话．故选：D．【点评】阅读理解题通常从细节，文章主旨，推测词组大意几个方面考查学生对文章的理解，做题时注意在找文章中找到出处，做到有理有据．14．【分析】短文讲了欧洲国家正在建立一个特殊的学校，学校里没有教室，没有通常的学科课程，也没有年级．并且在2011年8月，第一所特殊学校成立了．【解答】（1）A细节理解题、二行句子Theywanttobuildspecialschools，therearenoclassrooms!他们想建立特殊的学校，没有教室，也没有年级．故选A．（2）D细节理解题．一些老师认为孩子是有创造力的并且他们的学习以及思想和其他名人一样重要．故选D．（3）C细节理解题．学校认为一切都是学习经验，故选C．（4）B词义猜测题．这类学校是免费的．可知应是因为他们是国家公立学校的一部分．故选B．（5）A细节判断题，2011，第一所特殊学校成立了，第一所特殊学校成立了是正确的．【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．15．【分析】本文主要讲述的是关于嫦娥四号登月器的一次成功实验的相关情况．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题，尤其是根据文中ThisyetsuccessChang'e4．因此本文主要介绍了嫦娥四号取得的又一次成功．（2）A．细节理解题．可知中国嫦娥四号登月器上的一个小花园最近成了在另一个世界上生长的第一株植物的家园．故选A．（3）D．细节理解题？Fourdaysafterlanding．可知所以嫦娥四号的实验是一个测试：地球上的植物会知道月球上的哪一条路吗，一个小小的棉花苗就证明了他们知道．故选D．（4）D．细节理解题Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon．可知夜幕降临在月亮的另一边．故选D．（5）C．推理判断题，greatdiscoveriesgrow．可知从微小的种子（种子）．中国嫦娥四号登月器上的一个小花园最近成了在另一个世界上生长的第一株植物的家园．故选C．【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．四．补全对话16．【分析】这是一段HuangJun和LiWei之间的对话，主要内容是关于打篮球的提议。【解答】（1）根据下文Idon'tdoanything（我什么都不做。）可知。故填Whatdoyoudo。（2）根据下文Let'splaybasketball（让我们打篮球。）和Butmybrotherhasone（但我哥哥有一个，此处是在对打篮球提议的肯定。（3）根据下文No，Idon'