职称英语考试阅读理解分析

职称英语考试阅读理解分析

例一：

LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheir

nightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallights

toblocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,says

DennisWard,anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor

AtmosphericResearch(UCAR)ir)Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeopleare

surroundedbycitylights,hesays,they'reluckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglow

fromagreatdistance,you/vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhen

lightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreams

intospaceandilluminatesthenightsky.Thishazeoflightmakesmany

starsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYork

glowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsen

theeffectsotlightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollution

thananother,“Wardsays,“thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflight

pollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodo

theirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtile

faintlightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatethese

objects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

6.Li-htpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooff

course”.There/sincreasingevidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirds

usesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreaus

Jr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlight

occursatnight/hesays,“ithasaverydisruptiveinfluence."Sometimes

birdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,andcablesfromradioand

televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethisway

everyyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers?work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

starso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitlewLightNight,

DarkStars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解标题，推测文章内容：LightNight,DarkStars0没有生词，

明亮的夜晚，昏暗的星空。只是看题目，还不易推测出文章的主要内

容，因此，要快速浏览全文，看能否找到出现频率较高的词或短语，

它们有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我用黑线标出了出现频率最

多的短语：lightpollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染有关。

接下来判断所给5题的题型，我们发现1至4都是细节题，因此

只需要找到关键词逐一回答即可。而第5题是主旨题，而且是最后一

题，所以要等文章读完后最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope当他们有一个非常不错的望

远镜.

BWhentheyareinalargecity当他们在大城市时.

CWhenthenightskvisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights

当夜空中没有云、月光和人造灯光时.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog当夜空没有阴霾和大雾

时.

分析：关键词很容易找14000stars,在第一段出现了该词：

Thousandsofpeople（数以千计的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）

stepoutside（走出去）togazeat（凝视）theirnightsky.Onaclear

（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificial（人造的）

lightstoblock（遮挡、挡住）theview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000

starsintheskv（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文学家）

withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）in

Boulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。。包围）bycity

lights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

补充：请注意短语：beclearofsth:无阻碍、障碍、危险

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing4等到路上没车

时再过马路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（叙述）isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有

关）lightpollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsand

buildinglights（阴霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路灯和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthe

night夜空由晚上大城市发出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing观望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethere

isalayerofhazeintheair由于空气中有一层霾，所以观望星星变得困

难.

分析：本题的关键词是lightpollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文

章的前面，所以从第二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfroma

（答案）（见证、目睹）

greatdistanceC£you'vewitnessedlight

pollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,

andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky（答案

A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,

makingstargazingdifficult（请注意这句话并不是答案D,他们不同，

该句是说：甚至在晚上，许多像纽约这样的大城市所产生的灯光使观

望星星变得困难。）所以，D的表述同光污染没有关联。

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers7work?Why

doeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因为曾

经黑暗的乡村地区被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudy

stars因为乡村地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclear

night

分析：题目是说：不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗？为什么

他会这样认为？

在A答案中我们可以看到线索词:polluted和lights.所以，根据阅读

的规律，只要和线索词有关的答案，多半就是最终答案。如果大家想

检查答案是否正确的话，也可以带着关键词astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheir

jobs.

通过对句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下来的段落中可

以对答案加以判断：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs（郊区）aregrowinginoncedark,rural

areas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasingly

obscuring（使。。。变得模糊）thefaint（微弱的）lightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate（确定。。。的位置）theseobjects,

theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

总结：做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词，只要被

选项中有核心内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOT

correct?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，动物们可能偏离航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstogointocities.

动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。

分析：题目是说：光污染是如何影响野生动物？下列哪个说法不正

确？

关键词就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到内容：

Lightpollutiondoesn/tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlife

too.It/sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemg。off

course”（答案A）.There/sincreasingevidence.Forexample,that

migratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,says

SydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,"hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

（破坏性的）influence（答案C）."Sometimesbirdsflyintolighted

towers（答案D）,highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevision

towers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

所以，答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothe

title"LightNight,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是浅色的而星星

是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本题是唯一的一道主旨题，所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前

4题的解答，完全可以判断出文章的主题就是说：由于不断扩大的城

市，越来越多的城市灯光，已经成为一种污染，使得天空中的星星黯

然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：

DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia/sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentofhighschool

graduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfourdecadesago,40

percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia/seconomicboom,whichisdrivenby

red-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesin

itslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofits

tradingpartners.Butastheworld/seconomicpowershiftstoemerging

regionssuchasAsia,itslanguagegapcouldsoonbeexposed.According

tothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhighschoolgraduatesare

proficientinanAsianlanguage.Academicsworrythatthismeans

Australiawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportant

Asianneighbors.DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyat

SydneyUniversity,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities.

IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisveryimportantfor

themtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearning

PippaMcCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoung

Australianshaveahalf-heartedapproachtoforeignlanguages,andthe

languagecurriculumisoftenweak."Whilewe'reencouragedinhigh

schooltolearnanotherlanguage,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasa

realisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,"saidMcCowage."For

example,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchange

inYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuch

greaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidinJapanese.Sointhatsense,it

almostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia/smajorexportsgotoAsia

andtheAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser

economicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.Academicssaythat,asAsia

becomesoneoftheworld/seconomicpowerhouses,Australianeedsto

improveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeign

languagesfortyyearsago?

A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedin

strengtheningtieswithAsia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia/smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.

解题目：Declining衰退的Interest兴趣inDeveloping发展、开

发ForeignLanguage外语Skills技能，所以串在一起可以将之理

解成：逐渐丧失提高外语技能的兴趣。通过理解题目，我们可以推测

一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declininginterest应是核心词。

接下来，来看5道题的题目，对出题方式加以判断：1,3,4都是细

节题，而2题是推断题；5题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题

目要以不同的方法加以应对。

1.Howmuchpercent百分数ofhighschoolgraduates(高中毕业生)

wereproficient(精通的)inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago(40

年前)？

A)70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

分析：这是细节题，关键词：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagoo

位于第一题的位置，所以答案应该来源于第一段：

Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahas

reported.Newfigures(数字)showthatonly13percentofhigh

schoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfour

decades（一个decade是10年）ago（40年前）,40percenthadforeign

languageskills（答案的出处）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推测出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.（澳大利亚有丰富的矿

藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：题目中有infer,所以该题是推断题。因此，需要读第二段，

寻找核心内容，主要是要找到关键句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasingly

studentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheir

career.ShebelievesthatAustralia'seconomicboom（经济的繁荣），

whichisdriven（受至驱动）byred-hot（非常有活力的）demand（要

求）foritsminerals矿物（核心词），ishelpingmask掩盖serious

deficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一

般该选项就是正确答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：这是一道标准的细节题，中心词就是：DilipDuttao带着它，

我们可以在第三段里搜索到相关的语句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydney

University,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D

出处！）.IFAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,itisvery

importantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtoget

closertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亚政府）beenkeenly

（强烈地）interestedinstrengthening（力口强）ties（联系）withAsia

（亚洲）？

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternational

affairs.

分析：从题目的类型来说，一定是细节题，找到核心词：Australian

government,keenlyinterestedin,tieswithAsia。我们会发现核心词

没有出现在第四段中，而在最后一段中出现了：

Atpresent,about70percent0fAlistralia'smajorexports（主要的出口货

物）gotoAsiaand（该词相当于so,因果关系连词）theAustralian

governmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingcloser（亲密的）economic

（经济的）anddiplomatic（夕卜交的）tieswithAsia（答案出处）.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomic

powerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitis

totakefulladvantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college学院.B）institute学会、研究所

C）university大学.D）department系.

分析：这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典•，也可以根据单词出现

的前后文来判断:DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（经济学）and

（贸易）因为后面有…

businessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,ooouniversity,

因此自然想到是大学里的“系二

例三：

OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausethey

werebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlife

greaterease.

2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelink

betweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcanic

eruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctions

overthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsof

volcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptions

were,themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe

“killingefficiency“forthesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionof

lifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefound

thatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffectiveat

wipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250million

yearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveran

arearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesarethoughtto

havepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.The

globalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegenera

atthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60

millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivity

andglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappear

butthingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears.MThemost

recentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,“Wignallsays.Heignoredthe

extinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,because

manyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofan

asteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecause

morerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwithincreased

levelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,

saysthatWignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardto

dothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerof

volcaniceruptionsdependsonhowlongtheylasted.Anditisimpossible

totellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.

Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarily

correspondtocarbondioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignallcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcanic

eruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

produced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.

B)250millionyearsago.

C)60millionyearsago.

D)65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.

B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解标题：OlderVolcanic(火山的)Eruptions(喷发)

本文讲的是远古火山喷发，所以oldervolcaniceruptions应是核心词。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecent

ones?（为什么远古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：细节题。第一题，一般在开头段落寻找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破坏性的）inancienthistory

（在古代的劳历史中），notbecause（不是因为）theywerebigger,but

because（而是因为）thecarbondioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他

们所释放的,定语修饰前面的thecarbondioxide）wipedout擦去、

抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是说：古代的火山更具杀伤力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它

们释放出来的二氧化碳更容易把人杀死。所以答案A表述的内容同本

段相符。

2.How（如何，询问方式）didWignallcalculate（计算）thekillingpower

（杀伤力）ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通过研究熔岩的化学构

成。

D.Bvcomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflava

produced.通过比较火山释放出的熔岩的体积与杀死生命的比例。

分析：毫无疑问这是细节题，核心词就是人名：WignalL

PaulWignalK核心词出现了，接下来的内容请大家注意了！！！）fromthe

UniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptions

andmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbers

ofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyears

coincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,the

olderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagethey

seemedtodo.He（代指Wignall）calculatedthe“killingefficiency

（功效）forthesevolcanoesbycomparing（比较）theproportion（比

彳列）oflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava（熔需1thatthey

produced.（答案出处！）Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswere

atleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?恐龙什么时候灭绝的？

A）300millionyearsago.

B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.

D）65millionyearsago

分析：这是标准的细节题，核心词：dinosaursbecomeextincto而且

这题的特点就是数字，所以在接下来的段落中大家要用笔标出所见到

的数字加以判断！

ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyears

ago（答案B,