Unit+6+Disaster+and+hope++Using+language 语法课件 外研版高中英语（2019）必修第三册

Unit6DisasterandhopeUsinglanguagebyAdaEllipsis1一般来说，使用省略(Ellipsis)有时是为了避免不必要的重复，使语言精炼；有时则是由于习惯用法。2句子中各个成分都可省略，但经常省略的是与上文重复的部分和双方都不会误解的部分。1Comparethetwogroupsofsentencesandanswerthequestions.Sentences(a)and(b)arefromthereadingpassagea

It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepest.b

Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soquitelow.a

It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepestlines.b

Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soitisquitelow.Ellipsis1Comparethetwogroupsofsentencesandanswerthequestions.Sentences(a)and(b)arefromthereadingpassage1.Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences(a)and(b)?2.Whydoestheauthorleavethemout?Ellipsisleaveout省去；遗漏“Lines”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(a),and“itis”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(b)Theauthorleavesthemouttoavoidrepeatingthewordorexpressionthatistooobvious,andtomakesentencesmoreconcise.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththepastfuturetenseinthereadingpassage.

Itisthehottest(line)onthewholeTubesystem.Itislovelyatthebeach,but(itis)notsowhenyou’rewearingasuitandinacrowdofpassengers!Yet,eachsummerinLondondefinitelyseemshotterthanthelast(summer).Usinglangauge一，词法的省略冠词的省略1两个并列名词前有相同的冠词，不引起歧义的情况下，可以省略第二个冠词。Isthebabyaboyor(a)girl?Boththeoldand(the)youngwillbeinvitedtotheparty.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略冠词的省略2在as/though引导的状语从句倒装结构中，当句首是名词时，省略冠词。Childassheis,LisaknowsalotaboutChineseliterature.Starthoughheis,theboyalwaysremainsmodest.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略冠词的省略3表示独一无二的头衔、职位等名词作表语或补语时，常省略冠词。Themanwasappointeddean(主任)oftheEnglishdepartment.Thewomanwhoisspeakingisdirector(主管)ofthecommercialorganisation.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略冠词的省略4副词最高级前通常省略定冠词the。Theboywhorunsfastestamongthestudentsismycousin,Tom.Thehungrybeggereatsmost.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略介词的省略1动词-ing前介词的省略havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.spend/waste...(in)doingsth.haveagood/wonderfultime(in)doingsth.havefun(in)doingsth.beoccupied(in)doingsth.thereisnogood/use/need/point(in)doingsth.stop/prevent...(from)doingsth.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略冠词的省略2在表示一段时间的名词短语中，常省略介词for，但在否定句或位于句首时不省。Theheavyrainlasted(for)afewdaysandledtoaflood.Forawholeyear,Iwasstudyingveryhardatschoolandwasadmittedintomyfavoritecollege.Ihaven’thearfromherforalongtime.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略连词和从句引导词的省略1宾语从句中连接词that常可省略。但多个并列的宾语从句，只能省略第一个that。Themanagersaid(that)Davidhadcomehereanhourbeforeandthathehadcheckedinatthehotel.Theirparentssaid(that)nooneleftthehouseyesterday.Usinglangauge一，词法的省略连词和从句引导词的省略2定语从句中，关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当宾语且前面没有逗号或介词时可以省略。Doyoustillrememberthenameofthefirm(that/which)wevisitedlastmonth?Doyouknowtheman(that/whom)yourmotheristalkingto?Usinglangauge二，句法的省略简单句的省略1祈使句中常省略主语you。Keepquiteinthelibrary.Takeoffyourmuddyshoesbeforeyogetinside.2感叹句中句意明确时，主语和谓语动词常省略。Whatabeautifulsight(itis)!Howclever(youare)!Usinglangauge二，句法的省略并列句的省略1主语不同，谓语动词一部分相同，则省略谓语动词相同的部分。Somepeoplegotothemountains,andothers(go)totheseaside.2主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。HisadvicemadeTommyhappy,but(hisadvicemade)Johnangry.3主语相同，而谓语不同，则可省略主语。OldDavidgaveupsmokingforawhile,but(he)soonreturnedtohisoldways.Usinglangauge二，句法的省略状语从句的省略①在表示时间、条件、地点、比较、方式或让步状语从句中；省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，满足一下条件：②从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；③从句谓语动词为be动词Usinglangauge二，句法的省略状语从句的省略省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，满足一下条件：Unless

(heis)askedtoanswerthequestions,Tomkeepssilentallthetimeinclass.While

(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,sheheardhernamecalled.If

(itis)necessary,youcancontactmeatanttime.Usinglangauge其他情况的省略1某些使役动词(let,make,have等)及感官动词(see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。Isawtheboyplaytennisontheplayground.Theboywasseentoplaytennisontheplayground.Usinglangauge2介词but前如有动词do，后面不定式要省略toIcandonothingbutwait.3“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).其他情况的省略Usinglangauge其他情况的省略4并列的不定式可以省略后面的toIwastoldtositdownandwaitforamoment.5省略一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not代替。---Willheacceptmyapology?---Iguessnot.---Aretheycomebacktonight?---Ithinkso.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.Technologyisn’ttheonlywaytoforecasttheweather.Naturehasitsways,too.Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’sonthewayorahot,dryperiod.Iffisharejumpinghigherthanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly,itmayrain.Andnexttimeyoulookupatthesky,don’tjustlookforrainclouds,butalsoforbirds.Iftheyareflyinglow,grabyourumbrella.Itisalsosaidthatmiceandsnakesheadforsafergroundseveraldaysbeforeanearthquake,whiledogsavoidingthebeachmaybeasignthatatsunamiisapproaching.Ofcourse,althoughthesethingsmaysuggestsomethingbadisgoingtohappen,theywon’ttelluswhenandwhere.So,foraccurateandreliablepredictions,it’sbesttocheckanofficial,scientificreport.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.UsinglangaugeTechnologyisn’ttheonlywaytoforecasttheweather.Naturehasitsways

(toforecasttheweather),too.Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’sonthewayorahot,dryperiod

(that’sontheway).Iffisharejumpinghigherthanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly(thanusual),itmayrain.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.UsinglangaugeAndnexttimeyoulookupatthesky,don’tjustlookforrainclouds,butalso(look)forbirds.Ofcourse,althoughthesethingsmaysuggestsomethingbadisgoingtohappen,theywon’ttelluswhen(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)andwhere(somethingbadisgoingtohappen).3Removewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconcise.Usin