2024届 高考英语 二轮复习 阅读理解 强化训练（含解析）

Passage1“You'resosmart！”Thisencouragingresponsetochildren'smathperformanceiscommonlyheard.Recently，anewstudy，conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia，foundthatencouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedtotheirpersonalcharacteristicsorinbornabilitiesmightweakentheirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.Parentswhomakecommentslinkingtheirchildren'sperformancetopersonalcharacteristicslikeintelligenceareusingwhat'sreferredtoaspersonresponses.Incontrast，parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions，suchaseffortsorstrategyuse，totheirperformanceareusingprocessresponses.Forthestudy，researchersaskedmorethan500parentstoreportonhowtheyrespondedtotheirchildren'smathperformanceandtheirmathbeliefsandgoals.Childrenwereassessedintwowavesacrossayeartomeasuretheirmathmotivationandachievement.Theresultsshowthatparentswhoviewmathabilityaschangeablearemorelikelytogiveprocessresponsesfocusedontheirchildren'sstrategyuseandeffortsratherthantheirintelligenceorotherpersonalcharacteristics.Incontrast，parentswhobelievemathabilityisunchangeableandthatmathfailurecan'tbeconstructivegivemorepersonresponses.Parentswithhighexpectationsfortheirchildrengiveacombinationofbothresponses.Whileresponseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenotrelatedtoanyachievementoutcomes，childrenwhoreceivemoreresponsesabouttheirpersonalcharacteristics—inparticular，relatedtofailure—aremorelikelytoavoidhardermathproblems，exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety，andscoreloweronmathachievementtests.Becausepersonresponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime，researcherssuggestparentslimitthistypeofresponsesathome.Anotherrecommendationforparentsistothinkabouttheirownbeliefsandgoalsfortheirkidsandexaminehowthesemightleadthemtorespondinpersonorprocessways.Simplytellingparentstoavoidtalkingaboutmathabilitymaynotbeenough.Focusinglessonhowchildrenperformandmoreontheirstrategyandenjoymentofmathmightbeamoreeffectivewaytoenhancemotivation.1．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofprocessresponses?A．Youarealuckydog.B．Runningisinyourblood.C．Whatworkswellforyourstudy?D．Whyareyousuchamathgenius?2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudyresults?A．Parentsprefertogivemoreprocessresponses.B．Childrenaremorelikelytobeaffectedbymathanxiety.C．Processresponseshelpwithchildren'smathachievement.D．Personresponsescandiscouragechildrenfromlearningmath.3．Whatdoresearchersadviseparentstodo?A．Restrictpersonresponses.B．Defendtheirownbeliefs.C．Stresschildren'sperformance.D．Ignorechildren'smathproblems.4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheStrategyChildrenAdopttoLearnMathHelpsB．TheWayParentsTalktoChildrenonMathMattersC．ResponsestoEnhanceChildren'sMathPerformanceD．SuggestionsforParentstoTeachTheirChildrenMathPassage2Onepartoftheoath(誓言)takenbyphysiciansrequiresusto“rememberthatthereisarttomedicine，andthatwarmth，sympathyandunderstandingmayoutweighthesurgeon'sknifeorthechemist'sdrug.”WhenI，alongwithmymedicalschoolclass，recitedthatoathatmywhitecoatceremonyayearago，IadmitthatIwasmorefocusedonthebiomedicalaspectsthanthe“art”．Actually，medicalprofessionalscangettooeasilycaughtupintreatingtorememberthereisstillspaceforhealing.Asdoctorslearntocommunicatewithpatientsbeyondtherestrictedlanguageofphysicalindicators，drugprotocolsandsurgicalinterventionsthatmaygoagainsthealing，theyarereachingfornewtools—poetry.Oneclinicaltrialstudiedtheeffectofmusicorpoetryonthepain，depression，andhopescoresof65adultpatientsundercancertreatment.Theyfoundthatbothtypesofarttherapy(疗法)producedsimilarimprovementsinpainanddepressionscores.Onlypoetry，however，increasedhopescores.Researchersassumedthatpoetrycanbreaktheso­calledlawofsilence，accordingtowhichtalkingaboutone'sperceptionofillnessistaboo.Afterlisteningtopoetry，oneparticipantsaid，“IfeelcalmerwhenIhearthosewords.TheyshowmethatI'mnotalone.”Insightslikethesearealreadymakingtheirwayintotheclinic.SarahFriebertrunsacarecenterwherechildrenarevisitedbyawriterwhohelpsthemcreatepoemsandstoriesforpublication.EricElshtainusespoetryonthewardstoteachchildrenthepowerofself­expression.He'sfoundthatmanyofhispatientswritehaikusaboutthingslikesportsortheirfavoritestuffedanimal，ratherthantheirexperienceinahospitalbed.Poetry，ashesaid，isawaytobothacceptthehospitalencounterandescapefromit.Whileapoemadaywon'tcure，itmighthelprelieve.I'vedecidedthatI'lllearnhowtomeetmypatientsbeyondthechartdocuments;thatI'llencouragethemtowritetheirownstories;thatIwillhealaswellastreat.Inotherwords，I'llhonoreachandeverywordintheoathItooklastyear.5．Accordingtothetext，theauthorisprobably________．A．ayoungpoet B．aclinicalexpertC．amedicalstudent D．anexperiencedphysician6．Whatinsightcanwegainfromtheclinicaltrialinparagraph3?A．Musicworksbetterinreducingdepression.B．Poetrymakespeopleopenabouttheirillness.C．Patientsarelikelytolosehopewithoutpoems.D．Arttherapyisthekeytocancertreatment.7．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthoraccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Hewillchangehiscareerpath.B．Hewillwellremembertheoath.C．Hebeginstotakehisworkseriously.D．Hehasbetterunderstoodhisjob.8．Whereisthetexttakenfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Aresearchpaper.C．Apublicspeech. D．Anapplicationletter.Passage3WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents，mostofthemproudlyreplied，“Well，IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofresponsemissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot，whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone，orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough，intermsofthelanguagestudy，everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon'thearityourself，youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense，it'spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”．Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言)，too.Inthefieldofthelanguagestudy，adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure，phrasesandwords.Forinstance，“Yougoteatornot？”(meaning“Haveyoueaten？”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn'tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”．Thesentenceiswell­formedandclearlycommunicative，accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers'solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit'sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage，thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturalbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.9．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends'responseinparagraph1?A．Itreflectstheirself­confidence.B．Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C．Itmissesthepointofcommunication.D．Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.10．WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A．Tojustifytheuseofdialects.B．Toshowthediversityofdialects.C．Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.D．Tohighlightatraditionalapproach.11．Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?A．Learntospeakwithourlocaldialect.B．Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C．Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.D．Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A．EveryoneHasanAccentB．AccentsEnhanceOurIdentitiesC．DialectsLeadtoMisunderstandingD．StandardEnglishIsatRiskPassage4Naturalsilence—thekindwhenyouhearnothingbutthesoundofnaturearoundyou—isbecomingincreasinglyscarce．Theman­madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean.Thisishavingsometroublingeffects.Inhumans，noisepollutionhasbeenlinkedtophysical，mentalhealthproblemsandcognitiveimpairment(障碍)inchildren.Inwildlife，itisdisturbingnavigation，matingrituals，communicationandcancausehearingloss.“We'relosingtheabilitytolistentonaturewithoutnoisepollution，”sayssoundrecordistMattMikkelsen.He'spartofthenon­profitorganizationQuietParksInternational，whichaimstoidentifyandpreservetheplanet'slastquietplaces.Recently，thistookhimtoBoundaryWatersCanoeAreaWildernessinnortheasternMinnesota.Nocars，motorboats，electricityortelephonelinesareallowedintheone­million­acrearea.Butlisteningbacktotherecording，Mikkelsencanhearthelowhum(嗡嗡声)ofacommercialplaneflyingfaraway.QuietParksInternationalhasn'tyetdecidedifBoundaryWatersCanoeAreaWildernessmeetsitscriteria—it'soneof260potentialsitesaroundtheworldthattheorganizationiscurrentlyexploring.Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocationandconsiderthemalongsideotherdata.Inrecentyears，theworldhasbeengettinglouder，withcitiesandtownsexpandingandanincreasingnumberofnoisescomingfromcars，airplanesorships.ButduringtheCOVID­19pandemic，therehasbeenmomentarydelay.In2020，globalairtravelwasdownby60%androadtransportdecreasedbyalmosthalf.ScientistsinEuropefoundthatnoisecausedbyhumansfellbyupto50%afterlockdownswerecarriedout.“Peopleenjoyedthesilence，”saysMikkelsen.“Therewerenoairplanesintheskyandcarsweren'tonthestreet.Itwasanincrediblethingtobeabletoheartheworld，allofasudden，freefromnoisepollution，”hesays.Sincethestartofthepandemic，QuietParksInternationalsaysithasexperiencedahugeincreaseininterestinquietplaces.“Ihopethatwecantakethatdesireforaworldwithlessnoiseforward，”saysMikkelsen，“andappreciatethespotswehave，wherewecangoandnotexperiencenoisepollution.”13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scarce”probablymeaninParagraph1?A．Special. B．Rare.C．Common. D．Typical.14．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Causesofhearingloss.B．Tipsonprotectingthenature.C．Harmfuleffectsofnoisepollution.D．Unidentifiedproblemsfromhumanbeings.15．WhatwillMattMikkelsen'steamanalyzeaccordingtothetext?A．Thesoundrecordings.B．Globalairtravel.C．QuietParksInternational'scriteria.D．Dataofthepandemic.16．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Abookreview. B．Atravelguide.C．Abusinessplan. D．Asciencereport.Passage5I'mintheareaofNoaillesinMarseille，oneofFrance'slargestcitiesanditsmaintradeseaport.Somesmallshopssellvegetables，meat，and，itseems，allthespicesoftheMiddleEast.InadditiontoFrench，languagesspokenonthebusystreetsincludeArabicandAfricanFrench.ItalladdsuptooneofthemostethnicallydiversecitiesinEurope.Closetothedowntownstreet，IdiscoveranAlgerianrestaurant，whoseownermakeshissignaturedish—couscouswithbarley，nottheusualwheat，usingarecipethathasn'tchangedsincethe1920s.CouscousisannecessarypartofMarseilleculture.ThedishwasaddedtotheUNESCO'sListsofIntangibleCulturalHeritagein2020.Tobehonest，beforeItravelledhere，couscoushadnotbeenthefirstmealthatcametomindwhenIthoughtofMarseille.Itwasbouillabaisse，therichsoupwitholiveoil，garlicandsaffron.Iimaginedenjoyingitatasmallportsidecafe.Thiswasclearlyaromanticfantasy.Foronething，therearenosmallcafesatthehistoriccity.Foranother，therestaurantsdoservebouillabaisse，butwhenIseethepriceatoneplaceIamshocked：69euros！Nobowlofsoupshouldcostthatmuch.Igiveupandenduptwostreetsawayfromtheoldharborinanewrestaurant，Ourea.For28euros，ChefMathieuRocheservesathree­courselunchthatincludestunasteaksandcouscous.Moreandmoreyoung，talentedpeoplearediscoveringthatMarseilleisanidealplacetolive.ThereisalsoagrowingnumberofParisiansmovinghereeveryyear.Tiredoftherushandexpenseoflifeinlargercities，thenewcomerscomelookingforthemorerelaxedMediterraneanwayoflife.WalkingthroughthesecontrastingneighborhoodsofMarseille，Ithinkaboutthedistinctcommunitiesherelivinginthesameneighborhoods—together，sidebyside，butnotmixed.TheymayalsofeeltheybelongtoMarseillefirstregardlessofnationalities.17．WhichwordcanbestdescribeMarseilleaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Remote. B．Commercial.C．Industrial. D．Inland.18．WhatmadetheauthorleavetheAlgerianrestaurant?A．Theunreasonablecharge.B．Theunbearableflavor.C．Theunsatisfyingservice.D．Thenoisyatmosphere.19．WhydothenewcomerschooseMarseilleratherthanotherbigcities?A．Tomakeafortune. B．Toexperienceadish.C．Tolearnalanguage. D．Tolivealeisurelylife.20．Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Fashion. B．Food.C．Trade. D．Travel.Passage6AGIFTMEMBERSHIPINTHENYRBCLASSICSBOOKCLUBMembersoftheNYRBClassicsBookClubhavereceivednewtranslationsofBalzacandPatrickModiano，aswellasclassicsbyWilliamGassandmanyothers.“NYRBhasmadeaspecialtyofrescuingandrevivingallkindsofignoredorforgottenworksinEnglishorintranslation，fictionandnonfictionbywritersfamousandunknown，”saidTheNewYorkTimes.AmembershipintheNYRBClassicsBookClubensuresamonthlyliterarysurprise.Eachmonth，editorsselectonenewbookandwesendittomembersassoonasitisavailable.Ourspecialholidaymembership，includingfreeshippingintheUS，is$135，asavingof$60offtheregularbookclubprice.GiftmembershipsstartwiththeJanuary2023selection.Toorderamembershipforyourselforagiftmembership，pleasecall1­800­354­0050orvisit/holiday.TheholidayofferpriceoutsideoftheUSis$225，asavingof$45offtheregularbookclubprice.OURRECENTBOOKCLUBSELECTIONSTheSilentiarybyAntonioDiBenedetto，WomanRunningintheMountainsbyYūkoTsushima，GoldbyRumi，PetertheGreat'sAfricanbyAlexanderPushkin，GustoninTimebyRossFeld，TheUncollectedEssaysofElizabethHardwick，TheFlandersRoadbyClaudeSimonandTheEnormousRoombyE．E.Cummings.21．WhatisNYRBClassicsBookClubspecialfor?A．Bringingthoseunpopularbookstolife.B．Gettingthoseforgottenbooksrewritten.C．Offeringasurprisetomemberseachyear.D．ProvidingfreeshippingoutsideoftheUS.22．HowmuchshouldaChinesepayifhegetsagiftmembership?A．$270. B．$225.C．$180. D．$135.23．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanweprobablyreadthepassage?A．Lifestyle. B．Business.C．Opinion. D．Advertisement.Passage7King'sVolunteeringofKing'sCollegeLondonislookingforpaidmemberstositontheStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering.TheBoardplaysanimportantroleininfluencingthedevelopmentanddeliveryofthevolunteeringservice.Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudents，teachersandotherstaffatschool.Volunteering，whichhasthepotentialtocreatepositivesocialimpact，isakeypriorityforKing's.TheBoardwillensurethatstudents'needsareatthecoreoftheservicesothatallKing'sstudentscanmakeadifference.Thisyear，theStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteeringwillco­createtheagenda，andpotentialtopicsinclude：•Volunteeringopportunitiesforthedisabled.•PromotionoftheBoard'sservice.•Howtorecognizeandrewardvolunteers.•EvaluationoftheBoard'swork.ThisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatKing's，regardlessofhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.TheBoardwillberunbothonlineandinperson，andboardmemberswillbepaidtheLondonLivingWage(￡11.95perhour)viaKing'sTalentBank.Theapplicationdeadlineis23：59onFriday，31stMarch2023.Applyviatheformbelow，usingyourKing'semailaddress.24．WhatdoestheBoardaimtodoforthoseatKing's?A．Performvoluntarywork.B．Meettheiracademicneeds.C．Providelearningopportunities.D．Discovervolunteeringchances.25．Whichofthefollowingisapossibletopicforthisyear'sagenda?A．RunningtheBoardonline.B．Trainingvoluntaryworkers.C．AssessingtheBoard'sperformance.D．Takingcareofpeoplewithdisabilities.26．WhocanapplytobeamemberoftheBoardatKing's?A．Thestudents. B．Theteachers.C．Thegraduates. D．Theworkingstaff.Passage8CopenhagenhasGREATpublictransport.Itisreliable，safe，andeasilyaccessible.Ofcourse，likeeverythinginCopenhagen，itisnotcheap.Thesystemcanbealittleconfusing，evenforthelocals，butwe'reheretohelpsimplifyitallforyou!AndtodayourfocusisTravellingwithaBike.BIKESONTHETRAINBicyclescanbetakenons­toglinesforfreebutyoucan'ttakebikesthroughNørreportStationduringpeakhours.Totakeyourbikeonatrain，youneedtoputitonthefirstorlastcarriage，clearlymarkedwithlargesignsofbicyclesontheoutside.Totakeabikeonaregionaltrain，whichtakesyoutopartsofDenmarkoutsideCopenhagen，youmustbuyanextraticket.Thepricedependsonthedistanceandvariesfrom16krto28kr.BIKESONTHEMETROBicyclescanbetakenonthemetroforanextra13kr.Youneedtopayforthebikewithitsownticket.Youcan'ttakeyourbikeonthemetroduringpeakhours.BIKESONTHEBUSYoucanbringabikeonabusbuteachbusislimitedtotwobikes，evenifthereismuchspace.Generally，peopledonottravelwiththeirbikesonbusesinCopenhagen.BIKESONTHEFERRY(渡船)Chargesforbicyclesdependonthecompanyandthedestination.Youwillneedtocheckwiththeferrycompanies.Whenyoubooktheticket，youmuststatethatyouhaveabicycle，evenifit'sfreeofcharge.27．Whoisthistextprobablyintendedfor?A．Touristguides. B．Biketravellers.C．Localcitizens. D．Ticketinspectors.28．Onwhichpublictransportcanyoutakeabikeforfree?A．Apeak­times­togtrain.B．Aweekdayregionaltrain.C．Anoff­peakmetrotrain.D．Aweekendferry.29．Whatisthedisadvantageofbringingabikeonabus?A．Busesaretoocrowded.B．It'sagainstthelocalcustom.C．Availabilityisnotguaranteed.D．It'snotwelcomedbyotherpassengers.Passage9Checkoutwhat'scomingsoon，andwhat'sindevelopment.Playbillwillupdatetheselistingswhennewinformationismadeavailable.THECOLLABORATIONatSamuelJ．FriedmanTheatreTheplaytellsatruestoryinNewYork.Fifty­six­year­oldWarhol'sstarisfalling.Jeanisthenewwonder­kidtakingtheartworldbystorm.WhenJeanagreestoworktogetherwithWarholonanewexhibition，itsoonbecomesthetalkofthecity.Thetwoartistssetfootonasharedjourney，bothartisticanddeeplypersonal，whichredrawsboththeirworlds.ALMOSTFAMOUSatBernardB．JacobsTheatreBasedonthe2000filmofthesamename，themusicalfeaturesPulitzerwinnerKittandabookbyCrowe，whoearnedanOscarawardforpenningtheoriginalfilmbasedonhisownteenageexperience.Thecoming­of­agestorytracksa15­year­oldmusicfannamedWilliamwhofollowstheemergingbandStillwaterontour.THEPIANOLESSONatEthelBarrymoreTheatreTheplayisthefourthinWilson'sCenturyCycle，whichdigsintotheBlackexperienceineverydecadeofthe20thcentury.SetinPittsburgh'sHillDistrictin1936，itcentersaroundabrotherandasisterinvolvedinabattleoverapianocarvedwiththefacesoftheirancestors.KIMBERLYAKIMBOatBoothTheatreKimisabrightandfunnyhighschoolgirl，whohappenstolooklikea72­year­oldlady.Andyetheragingdiseasemaybetheleastofherproblems.Forcedtodealwithfamilysecretsandpossiblecrimecharges，Kimisdeterminedtoexplorehappinessinaworldwherenoteventimeisonherside.30．WhatkindofplayisTHECOLLABORATION?A．Aromance. B．Asci­fistory.C．Afairytale. D．Alifestory.31．Whichtheatreshouldyouvisitifyouwanttolearnaboutracialissues?A．SamuelJ．FriedmanTheatre.B．BernardB．JacobsTheatre.C．EthelBarrymoreTheatre.D．BoothTheatre.32．WhatcanyouseeinbothALMOSTFAMOUSandKIMBERLYAKIMBO?A．Strugglesagainstcrimecharges.B．Cutting­edgefilmtechnology.C．Award­winningperformances.D．Teenagers'growthexperiences.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力鼓励他们，可能会随着时间的推移削弱他们的数学动机和成就。解析：推理判断题。明题意：本题问“以下哪一项是过程性反馈的例子？”→寻线索：根据第二段中的“parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions，suchaseffortsorstrategyuse，totheirperformanceareusingprocessresponses”可知，过程性反馈与孩子的策略应用或努力等行为相关→定答案：C项“什么对你的学习很有用呢”是对策略方面的反馈。答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“childrenwhoreceivemoreresponses...exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety，andscoreloweronmathachievementtests”可知，接受更多个人特征相关的反馈的孩子更可能避开更难的数学题，展现出更高水平的数学焦虑，且在数学测试中得分更低。据此可以推断，个人特征相关的反馈可能会打击孩子学习数学的信心。答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Becausepersonresponsespredict...parentslimitthistypeofresponsesathome”可知，研究人员建议家长在家里限制(减少)使用个人反馈。答案：A解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“encouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedto...motivationandachievementovertime”可知，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力相关的反馈鼓励他们，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成就；第二段介绍了家长的两种反馈模式；第三、四段讲述了相关研究；最后一段提出了一些建议，充分说明了使用正确反馈方式的重要性，故B项“父母和孩子们谈论数学的方式很重要”适合作本文的标题。答案：B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。记录了作者通过实际的工作经验和研究经历明白诗歌对于治疗疾病的重要作用，并坚定了自己的从医之路。解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Onepartoftheoath(誓言)takenbyphysiciansrequiresusto‘rememberthatthereisarttomedicine，andthatwarmth，sympathyandunderstandingmayoutweighthesurgeon'sknifeorthechemist'sdrug.’(医生宣誓的一部分要求我们记住，医学是艺术，温暖、同情和理解可能比外科医生的刀或化学家的药更重要。)”以及后文的“WhenI，alongwithmymedicalschoolclass，recitedthatoathatmywhitecoatceremonyayearago.(一年前，当我和医学院的同学们一起，在我的白大褂典礼上，背诵了这个誓言。)”可知，作者的身份是一名学医的学生。答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyfoundthatbothtypesofarttherapy(疗法)producedsimilarimprovementsinpainanddepressionscores.Onlypoetry，however，increasedhopescores.(他们发现，这两种艺术疗法对疼痛和抑郁评分的改善程度相似。然而，只有诗歌提高了希望分数。)”可知，在临床试验的研究中，诗歌对于疼痛和抑郁有着改善作用，即诗歌使人们对自己的疾病敞开心扉。答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“WhenI，alongwithmymedicalschoolclass，recitedthatoathatmywhitecoatceremonyayearago，IadmitthatIwasmorefocusedonthebiomedicalaspectsthanthe‘art’．(一年前，当我和医学院的同学们一起在毕业典礼上宣读这一誓言时，我承认我更关注生物医学方面，而不是‘艺术’。)”可知，此时的作者并没有明白诗歌朗诵在治疗方面起到的积极作用，同时根据最后一段中“Whileapoemadaywon'tcure，itmighthelprelieve.(虽然每天一首诗不能治愈疾病，但它可能有助于缓解压力。)”可知，此时作者通过临床的实验以及研究最终明白了诗歌是能够有助于缓解压力的，即更加了解自己的工作。答案：D解析：推理判断题。通读全文，文章讲述的是作者通过实际的工作经验和研究经历明白诗歌对于治疗疾病的重要作用。同时根据最后一段“I'vedecidedthatI'lllearnhowtomeetmypatientsbeyondthechartdocuments;thatI'llencouragethemtowritetheirownstories;thatIwillhealaswellastreat.Inotherwords，I'llhonoreachandeverywordintheoathItooklastyear.(我决定学习如何在病历文件之外与病人见面；我将鼓励他们写自己的故事；我既能治疗，也能治愈换。句话说，我将信守我去年宣誓的每一个字。)”可知，文章结尾处作者表达了自己对工作的忠贞和坚持，既鼓励了自己也鼓励了他人。由此推断文章出自于一篇演讲稿。答案：C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了口音指的是什么，口音存在的普遍性以及口音的价值所在。解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Well，IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/ect”和第二段中的“whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone...withanaccent”可知，通常情况下，当我们说某人“有口音”时，我们的意思是某个人的口音与当地的口音有差别或者和我们自己的发音有区别，事实上每个人都有口音。据此可以推测，朋友的回答很明显误解了“口音”的真正含义。答案：D解析：推理判断题。举例一般是为了说明上文中提到的较为抽象或晦涩的概念。根据第三段中举例前面的“adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure，phrasesandwords”可以看出，作者之所以拿新加坡的方言举例是为了说明方言不过是具有特定结构、短语和词汇的语言变体，由该段最后一句也可知，不能因为方言是不同的就认为它不正确。故A项“证明使用方言是正当的”正确。答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsinto...makefriendsalongtheway”可知，语言的差异会让我们更加了解不同的文化经历和背景，了解我们居住的世界，并帮助我们结交朋友。由此可以推断，作者建议我们要懂得欣赏口音和方言的价值。答案：C解析：主旨大意题。本文第一段通过朋友们的反应引出口音这个话题；第二段讲述了对口音的正确理解，并指出每个人都有口音；第三段讲到了每个人都在讲方言，并以新加坡英语口语为例说明使用方言是正当的；第四段讲到了口音和方言的价值所在，并鼓励读者学会欣赏口音和方言。故A项“每个人都有口音”适合作本文的标题。答案：A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。近年来，随着城市和城镇的扩张以及来自汽车、飞机和船只的噪声越来越大，世界变得越来越吵，所有这些使得大自然中的寂静越来越少，从而带来了一些令人不安的影响，因为噪声污染影响着人类与动物的健康。解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Theman­madenoisecanbeheardevenintheremotecornersofnationalparksanddeepintheArcticOcean”可知，即使在国家公园的偏远角落和北冰洋深处，也能听到人为噪声，由此可知，自然的寂静越来越少，故选B。special“特别的”；rare“罕见的”；common“常见的”；typical“典型的”。答案：B解析：主旨大意题。第二段首句“Thisishavingsometroublingeffects”是本段的主题句，本段主要介绍了噪声污染给人类和野生动物带来的危害。答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theteamwillanalyzethesoundrecordingsfromeachlocationandconsiderthema