英语译林版（皖湘专用）选修6导学笔记Unit1PeriodTwo

PeriodTwoWordpower&GrammarandusageⅠ.重点单词1.fitnessn.健壮，健康；适合fitadj.适合的；健康的；vt.(使)适合；n.合身，适合2.strengthenvt.&vi.增强；巩固strengthn.力量strongadj.强壮的，结实的3.participatevi.参加，参与participationn.参加，参与participantn.参加者，参与者4.positiveadj.积极的；正面的；肯定的5.negativeadj.负面的，消极的；否定的；坏的，有害的6.guaranteevt.&n.保证；担保7.foolishnessn.愚蠢foolishadj.愚蠢的Ⅱ.重点短语1.incharge负责，主管2.besupposedto应该3.bedividedinto被分为……4.makesure确保5.workout锻炼；做出；可以解决；计算出6.participatein参加，参与7.driveaway赶走；驱赶8.beworthit值得Ⅲ.重点句式1.before引导时间状语从句Ifyouwanttobeanactor，therearecertainthingsyouwillneedtoknowbeforeyoucanbeinaplay.如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。2.祈使句＋and＋陈述句Don’tworry，justfollowthestagedirectionsthatyouhavelearnt，andsayyourlines，andyouwilldofine!不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！3.动名词短语作主语Firstofall，laughingoutloudhelpsimproveyourgeneralfitness.首先，大笑帮助你提高你的基本身体素质。4.thenexttime引导时间状语从句Thenexttimeyoufeelupsetordisappointed，donotworry.下次你感到沮丧或者失望时，不要担心。重点词汇1.Thisisbecauselaughterstrengthenstheheartandthelungs.这是因为笑能增强心肺功能。(1)strengthenvt.加强；增强；巩固(2)strengthn.力量；力气；体力；强项；优势havethestrengthtodosth.有做某事的力气buildupone’sstrength增强实力strengthsandweaknesses优点和缺点(1)Hehasn’tenoughstrengthtoliftthebox.他没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。(2)Thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。(3)Tostrengthen(strength)hisposition，heappointedhisclosefriendasheadofthetroops.为了巩固他的地位，他任命他的好朋友作为军队的统领。[单句改错](4)Oneofhiseq\f(strength,strengths)isthatheisveryconfident.2.Asyoulaugh，themusclesparticipatinginthelaughbeeactive.当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃起来。(1)participatevi.参加，参与participatein参加，参与(2)participationn.参加，参与(3)participantn.参与者(1)AlotofcountriesparticipatedintheOlympicGamesinRioin2016.很多国家参加了2016年在里约举办的奥运会。(2)Theschemeaimstoencourageparticipation(participate)insportingactivities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众参与体育活动。[语境助记](3)Encouragedbytheteacher，theparticipantsactivelyparticipatedintheEnglishspeechcontest.Theirparticipationinspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.在老师的鼓励下，参与者积极参加了英语演讲比赛。他们的参与鼓舞了同学们努力学习。[单句改错](4)Moststudentsatschoolhopethattheycanparticipateeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(in))activitiesthatappealtothemafterclass.[巧学助记]根据口诀，区别不同的“参加”：加入组织join选，出席到场attend用；参加活动起作用，takepartin来闹场；和人一起来活动，joinsb.in来凑份；participate不及物，和in做伴来参加。3.Enjoyingafunnyedyorreadingsomejokeswilldriveawayyournegativefeelingsandmakeyoufeelmuchbetter.享受一部搞笑的喜剧或读一些笑话会赶走你的负面情绪，让你感觉好很多。driveaway赶走；使离去；驱车离开driveoff开走；赶走；驱散；击退drivesb.＋adj.使人……drivesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事(1)Thedefendersdroveoffeachattack.防守队员击退了每一次进攻。(2)Takeiteasy！Youaredrivingyourselftoohard.放松点儿！你把自己弄得太累了。(3)Hungerdrovethelittleboytosteal(steal)atthetime.当时，饥饿迫使这个小男孩去偷窃。(4)Listentosomesoftmusic，foritcandriveawayallyouranger.听一些轻柔的音乐吧，因为它能赶走你所有的愤怒。[单句改错](5)Theloudnoiseoutsidereallyalmostdrovehereq\f(madly,mad).4.Practisingistheonlywaytoguaranteeasuccessfulperformance.练习是保证演出成功的唯一方法。guaranteevt.&n.保证；担保guaranteesb.against/from...保证某人免受……guaranteesth./todosth./that...保证/担保/许诺(做)某事；确保……guaranteesb.sth.向某人担保/保证某事beguaranteedtodosth.必定做某事(be)underguarantee在保修期内(1)Workinghardisnotonlyaguaranteeofsuccess，butitisamongtheessentialrequirements.努力工作不仅仅是成功的保证，也是基本要求之一。(2)Asadoctor，IguaranteethatIwillbekindtomypatients.作为一名医生，我确保我将善待我的病人。(3)Canyouguaranteethemasatisfyingjobwhentheygraduatefromuniversity?你能保证他们大学毕业之后都能够找到一份满意的工作吗？(4)Thecarclubcouldn’tguaranteetomeet(meet)thedemandsofallitsmembers.这家汽车俱乐部不能保证满足所有成员的要求。[单句改错](5)Thereisnoneedtoworry.Theputerisstillunderaguarantee.经典句式1.Ifyouwanttobeanactor，therearecertainthingsyouwillneedtoknowbeforeyoucanbeinaplay.如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。(1)beforeconj.在……之前，常用来引导时间状语从句。before在引导时间状语从句时，除了译成“在……之前”之外，在不同的语境中还可译成“还没来得及……就……”或“趁着……还没有……就……”。Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before从句(一般现在时)表示“要过多久才……”。Itwas＋一段时间＋before从句(一般过去时)表示“过了多久才……”。(2)“It＋be＋时间段＋since...”句型意为“自从……以来已经有多长时间了”。主句常用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如果since从句中的谓语动词为非延续性动词，则译为“自从……以来多长时间了”，如果从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词，则译为“不做……多长时间了”。(1)Itwillbeoneyearbeforeyoufinishthetask.要过一年你才能完成这项任务。(2)Itwassevendaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.过了七天一切才恢复正常。(3)Ithasbeen/is(be)manyyearssincetheylivedinthiscity.他们已经有多年不在这个城市住了。[单句改错](4)Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoeq\f(when,before)yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.(5)Itwillbethreeyearsbeforewewillmeetagain.2.Don’tworry，justfollowthestagedirectionsthatyouhavelearnt，andsayyourlines，andyouwilldofine!不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！(1)本句使用了“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，祈使句表示条件或假设，相当于if引导的条件状语从句；陈述句表示结果或推论。and表示递进关系，含有“那么”之意。(2)“祈使句＋or(else)/otherwise＋陈述句”结构，用来叙述否定的条件。or(else)/otherwise表示转折关系，意为“否则，要不然”。(3)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”结构用来叙述肯定的条件。名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。(1)Useyourhead，andthenyouwillfindaway.动动脑筋，你就会找到办法的。(2)Workhard，oryouwillfallbehindothers.努力学习吧，否则你会落后于别人的。(3)Onemorehour，andI’llgettheworkfinished.再给我一个小时，我就会做完全部工作的。[句型转换](4)Workhard，oryouwillfailthefinalexam.→Ifyoudon’tworkhard，youwillfailthefinalexam.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theoldmanoftendoessomewalkingtostrengthen(strength)hisbody.2.Helikesreadingsomearticlesaboutfitness(fit).3.Herparticipation(participate)intheactivitymadethechairmansatisfied.4.Everyoneatthemeetingwaslaughingatherfoolishness(foolish).5.It’sonlyasmallimprovement，butatleastit’sastepintherightdirection(direct).6.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong，butit’llstillbesometimebeforeBraingetsback.7.Abitmoreefforts，Ithink，andtheproblemscouldbesettled.8.Wecan’tguaranteetooffer(offer)youagoodjobwhenyougetthere.9.Youweresupposedtoturn(turn)upat8：00，butyouwerelate.10.Someonedrovethecarawayinthenight.Ⅱ.完成句子11.Readingvariousbooks(读不同种类的书)isgoodforyourstudy.12.Itwasn’tlongbefore(没过多久)shebecameabravesoldier.13.Each/Everytimehecametotown(每次他进城)，hewouldvisitourschool.14.Dobemorepatient，or(else)/otherwiseyouwilllosethisjob(否则你会失去这个工作).15.Peopleperformingonthestage(在舞台上表演)shouldbeenergetic.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Itusuallyonlyworksifboththeedianandtheaudiencehaveaffectionfororadmirethepersonbeingmade(make)funof.2.Theycouldonlyseehimstanding(stand)theremovinghislips.3.Themanperforming(perform)onthestageisafamousedian.4.In1975，GeorgeBurnsactedinafilmcalled(call)TheSunshineBoys.5.Movingintothenewdistrict，hehadnofriendstoplay(play)with.一、非谓语动词的句法功能成分形式主语宾语宾语补足语表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√二、不定式和动名词作主语1.不定式作主语Tobeadoctorishard.想要成为一名医生很难。TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.学好英语不容易。动词不定式(短语)作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：Itishardtobeadoctor.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.如果要表示动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式的前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例如：It’sgoodforustoreadEnglishaloudinthemorning.对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。2.动名词作主语Hisbeingelectedourchairmanmadeusthinkofalot.他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用“Itis...”和“Thereis...”两种句式来表示。例如：Itisnousewaitingforhimanylonger.等他是没有用的。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。三、非谓语动词作定语1.不定式作定语(1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面须有相应的介词。TheBrownshaveafortablehousetolivein.布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。(2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：Haveyougotanythingtosend？你有什么东西要寄吗？(不定式tosend的动作执行者是“你”)Haveyougotanythingtobesent？你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗？(不定式tobesent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)(3)用不定式作定语的几种情况：①不定式表将来。Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。②用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.他是做这个工作的最佳人选。2.动名词作定语动名词作定语常常置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能，相当于that/whichcanbeusedfordoing结构。Doyouknowifthesleepingpillhasitssideeffect?(＝Doyouknowifthepillthat/whichcanbeusedforsleepinghasitssideeffect？)你知道这安眠药有副作用吗？3.分词作定语(1)作定语用的分词如果是一个单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰词的后面；分词作定语相当于定语从句；过去分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是被动关系(及物动词)，或已经完成(不及物动词)；现在分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是主动关系。Theroadwasblockedbyafallentree(atreethat/whichhadfallen).路被倒下的树堵塞了。Hewashitbyafallingtree(atreethat/whichwasfalling)andkilledonthespot.他被倒下来的树击中，当场死亡。(2)“being＋过去分词”作定语表示被动和正在进行；“tobe＋过去分词”表被动和将来。Thehousebeingbuilt(Thehousethat/whichisbeingbuilt)willbeournewlibrary.正在建筑中的这所房子将是我们的图书馆。Thequestiontobediscussed(Thequestionthat/whichwillbediscussed)tomorrowisveryimportant.明天将要讨论的问题很重要。四、不定式和分词作宾语补足语1.不定式作宾补(1)动词不定式作宾补省略to的情况：see，watch，notice，observe，lookat；hear，listento；feel等感官动词，以及have，let，make等使役动词后面加宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略，但如果句子变成被动结构，就必须带to。help的宾补可以加to也可以不加to(五看、三让、两听、一感觉、半帮助)。Didyounoticeanyoneleavethehouse?你注意到有人离开这房子了吗？Wasanyonenoticedtoleavethehouse?可有人被注意到离开这座房子了吗？(2)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词和动词短语有：wish，cause，ask，beg，expect，force，invite，permit，persuade，want，warn，like，order，allow，advise，request，require，Thedoctoradvisedmetogiveupsmoking.医生建议我戒烟。Theycalledonthewritertomakeaspeech.他们要求那位作家作一次演讲。(3)think，consider，find等动词后作宾语补足语通常是“tobe＋形容词或名词”结构，tobe常可省略。Thisawardisconsidered(tobe)agreathonor.这项奖项被认为是极大的荣誉。Shethoughthim(tobe)kindandgenerous.她认为他宽厚仁慈。2.分词作宾补分词可以跟名词或代词构成复合宾语，并且名词或代词与分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.他让小汽车在门口等着。Theteacherspokeloudlyinordertomakehimselfheardbythestudentsattheback.老师提高声音以便让后边的学生也能听到。五、不定式和分词作宾语1.接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree，offer，learn，intend，want，long，plan，demand，ask，promise，help，prepare，decide，determine，refuse，dare，manage，hope，wish，fail，expect，pretend，choose，afford，happen等。巧记：同意提出学会打算，要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝，敢于设法有希望。未能做到莫假装，选择破釜沉舟当自强。2.接动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语有：consider，advise/remend/suggest，lookforwardto，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/postpone/putoff，fancy，avoid，miss，keep(on)，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate，prevent/forbid，imagine，risk，can’thelp，mind，allow/permit，escape，dislike，include，resist，oppose/beopposedto/objectto，feellike，succeedin，befondof，getdown巧记：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。注意：介词的宾语一般用v.ing，但在介词but，except后需跟不定式作宾语(是否带to可参照“前do后不to”原则)试比较：Hesaidnothingbuttosmoke.Hedidnothingbutsmoke.3.接动名词和不定式作宾语均可的动词和动词短语：①意义基本相同的有：begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer，continue(接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)；need，want，require，deserve(接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式)②意义不同的有：stoptodosth.(停止手中事，去做另一件事)；stopdoingsth.(停止正在做的事)remember/forget/regrettodo(指动作尚未发生)；remember/forget/regretdoing(指动作已经发生)trytodo(设法，努力去做，尽力)；trydoing(试着去做，看有何结果)goontodosth.(接着做另外一件事)；goondoingsth.(接着做同一件事)meantodo(打算做，企图做)；meandoing(意思是，意味着)can’thelptodo(不能帮忙做)；can’thelpdoing＝can’thelpbutdosth.(忍不住要做)4.it作形式宾语的有：find/think/feel/believe/take/consider/make/...＋it＋n./adj.＋todosth./doingsth.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theyarerequiredtoprocess(process)thefoodthatweeat，torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017·全国Ⅰ)2.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，laying(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017·全国Ⅱ)3.ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017·全国Ⅲ)4.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting，asIhadatraintocatch(catch).(2017·天津)5.Jimhasretired，buthestillremembersthehappytimespent(spend)withhisstudents.(2017·北京)6.IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(2016·全国Ⅰ)7.Abercrombie&Kent，atravelpanyinHongKong，saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeopleliving(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.(2015·全国Ⅰ)8.Ignoring(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.(2015·安徽)9.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearitbeingperformed(perform)liveisquiteanother.(2015·浙江)10.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwentontothank(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.(2015·陕西)Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Whensummeres，theywillinvitetheirstudentseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))pickthefreshvegetables！(2017·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)2.Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoeq\f(knowing,know)us.(2016·浙江，短文改错)3.Thepositionoftheclassroomwithitsviewmademeeq\f(felt,feel)likeIwasdreaming.(2015·浙江，短文改错)4.Ienjoyedeq\f(sit,sitting)closetothewindowsandlookingattheview.(2015·浙江，短文改错)5.We’vebeenspendingalotoftimeeq\f(sing,singing)inkaraokebars.(2015·四川，短文改错)6.It’sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschoolandIreallywanteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))sharewithyousomeoftheproblemsIhavebeenexperiencing.(2015·四川，短文改错)7.Aftereq\f(looks,looking)atthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thisisthepathleading(lead)totheschool.2.Sheisalwaysthelasttospeak(speak)atthemeeting.3.Thelittlegirldressed(dress)inwhiteisMary’syoungersister.4.Itisimportantforyoutohave(have)atalkwithyourson.5.Theworkersweremadetowork(work)dayandnight.6.Thetopictobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowisabouteducation.7.Yourschoolwon’thaveyoucheating(cheat)intheexam.8.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldconsideremploying(employ)meinyourpany.9.Thereisnopointpredicting(predict)thegrowthrateofthisyearnow.10.Inspringpeopleoftengettreesplanted(plant)hereandthere.Ⅱ.句型转换11.Whenhewokeup，hefoundthathewaslyingontheground.→Whenhewokeup，hefoundhimselflyingontheground.12.Thegirlwasseatedunderthattree.Doyouknowher?→Doyouknowthegirlseatedunderthattree?13.Myputerdoesn’twork.I’llasksomeonetorepairit.→Myputerdoesn’tworkandI’llget/haveitrepaired.14.Theboyswereplayingfootball.Isawitjustnow.→Isawtheboysplayingfootballjustnow.15.Shewillbuythiscoat.Shewillgiveittohermother.→Thiscoattobeboughtbyherisforhermother.Ⅲ.短文改错(2017·四川内江市高二检测)Onasnowywinternight，abuswith45passengerhadanaccidentbecausethewetroad.Andallofwhomweretrappedinthebus.Whatisworse，thebusranoutofgasbutitwasverycoldinit.Theycoulddonothingbutwaitedforhelp.Amanwholivednearbysawwhathadbeenhappened.Heandsomevillagerssucceededinopenthedoorandhelpedallofthemoutofthebus.Hetookthemtohisownhomeandofferedfoodandwaterandevensomewarmclothestothechildren.Theyspenttwodaysintheirhomeandfinallyhelpcame.Allofthemwerethankfullyforthehelp.答案Onasnowywinternight，abuswith45eq\f(passenger,passengers)hadanaccidentbecauseeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(of))thewetroad.Andallofeq\f(whom,them)weretrappedinthebus.Whateq\f(is,was)worse，thebusranoutofgaseq\f(but,and)itwasverycoldinit.Theycoulddonothingbuteq\f(waited,wait)forhelp.Amanwholivednearbysawwhathadbeenhappened.Heandsomevillagerssucceededineq\f(open,opening)thedoorandhelpedallofthemoutofthebus.Hetookthemtohisownhomeandofferedfoodandwaterandevensomewarmclothestothechildren.Theyspenttwodaysineq\f(their,his)homeandfinallyhelpcame.Allofthemwereeq\f(thankfully,thankful)forthehelp.Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·安徽马鞍山二中高二检测)TearsrandownfrommyeyesasIsawtheessaymyhighschoolEnglishteacherhadjusthandedback.Abig“F”waswrittenontop.Iwashopeless.Iwasstupid！Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.“I’mtheonlyonewhodoesn’tknowmyABCs！”IsobbedtoMum.“I’llhelp，”shepromised.EverydayIsatwithher，buttome，catlookedlike“cta”and“red”wasreb.Frustrated，Iwouldreturntomybedroomanddraw，fillingthepaperwithhouses，restaurantsandoffices.“WhenIgrowup，Iwantmyownstore，”ItoldMum，pointingtomydrawings.“That’sgreat！”shesaid，“Butfirstyouhavetolearntoread.”Later，Iwasdiagnosedwithdyslexia(失读症).SoMumtookmetoalearningcentre，whereIwasgivenreadingexercises.ButIstillstruggled.Finally，Igraduated，butIwasafraidofmyreadingskills.“I’llnevergetajob！”IcriedtoMumlateragain.“Don’tfocusonwhatyoucan’tdo，”sheforted.“Concentrateonwhatyoucan.”ButwhatcanIdo？Iwondered.Suddenly，IthoughtofthedrawingsI’dmadeasachildandmydreamofhavingmyownstore.Ienjoyedsalessomuchthatoverthenextfewyears，Itriedmyhandatotherbusinesses.Today，Iwatchoversevenbranches.Wehave187employeesand$15millioninsales.WhileI’llneverbewhatmyteachersmighthavewanted，Iamasuccess—onmyownterms.Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.Tearsofjoyfilledmyeyes.Thiswasmy“A”，Ismiled.语篇解读作者得了失读症。在妈妈的耐心陪伴和鼓励下，作者找到了方向并最终取得了事业上的成功。1.Whydidtheauthorfeelsoashamedatschool?A.Histeacherscoldedhiminclass.B.Histeacherrefusedtoreadhisessay.C.Hefailedtohandinhisessayontime.D.Hisclassmateslookeddownuponhim.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Myfaceburnedwithshamewhenmyclassmatescalledmestupid.”可知，作者受到了同学们的嘲笑才感到很羞愧，故D项正确。2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingtohismother?A.Doubtful. B.Grateful.C.Guilty. D.Annoyed.答案B解析推理判断题。由文章内容可知，在妈妈的耐心陪伴和鼓励下，作者找到了方向并最终取得了事业上的成功，由此可知，作者对妈妈心存感激，故B项正确。3.Whatdoyouknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor’ssuccessinspiredakid.B.Theauthor’sparentswereproudoftheirchild.C.Theauthorsetagoodexampletobusinessmen.D.Theauthor’steachermusthavefeltashamed.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theotherdayastudentsentmeacard，reading：Yougavemesomuchconfidence.IhopetobelikeyouwhenIambig.”可知，作者的成功极大地鼓舞了一个学生，故A项正确。B(2017·河北石家庄实验中学高二检测)FacebookisanInternetbasedsocialnetworksitethatletspeoplegetintouchwithfamilyandfriendsandreachouttopeoplewithmoninterestsaroundtheworld，allthroughputer.Itisverypopular，withmorethan900millionusers.IfFacebookwereacountry，itwouldhaveaboutthreetimesthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.DocumentsfiledwithUSfinancialregulatorssayFacebookhashundredsofmillionsofactiveuserswhosendbillionsofmessageseachdayandupload250millionphotographsontheirpersonalpages.Facebookusershaveregistered100billion“friends”.OnFacebook，“Friending”someonemeansyouaddthepersontoyourlistofpeopleyoucanmunicatewithdirectly，whichoftenallowsthepersontoseemoreinformationaboutyouthanyousharewiththegeneralpublic.FacebookwasstartedbyMarkZuckerbergandotherstudentsatHarvardUniversityin2004，andhasgrownatanamazinglyfastpace.FacebookmakesmoneywhenadvertiserspaytogetaccesstohundredsofmillionsofFacebookusers.AdvertiserscanoftendirecttheirmessagestothepeoplemostinterestedintheirproductsbecauseFacebookputerskeeptrackofinformationthatusersplaceontheirpages.Forexample，apersoninterestedindiving，planningawedding，lookingforwork，orsufferingfromdiabetes(糖尿病)mayseeadvertisementsrelatedtothosetopics.FacebookhasbeesomuchapartofthecultureoftheUnitedStatesandothernationsthatithasbeenthesubjectofaHollywoodmovie.Itisakeymarketingtoolformanybusinesses，anditsusers’contenthasbeenusedasevidenceinsomedivorceorcriminalcases.eq\x(语篇解读本文主要介绍了脸谱网，包括它的创立者、它在世界上的广泛运用和影响等。)4.Fromthefirstparagraph，wecanlearnthat.A.about900millionAmericansareusingFacebookB.FacebookiswidelyusedintheworldC.FacebookisacountryintheInternetD.Facebookisaplacewherepeoplecanmeetfacetoface答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“FacebookisanInternetbasedsocialnetworksitethatletspeoplegetintouchwithfamilyandfriendsandreachouttopeoplewithmoninterestsaroundtheworld，allthroughputer.”可知，脸谱网是一个基于互联网的社会网络网站，让人们与家人和朋友联系，并让世界上有共同兴趣的人可以互相交流。故选B。5.IfyouareafriendofsomeoneonFacebook，you.A.willhave100billionfriendsB.candownload250millionphotographsC.willsharemoreprivateinformationD.havetosendmessageseveryday答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“whichoftenallowsthepersontoseemoreinformationaboutyouthanyousharewiththegeneralpublic”可知，假如你在脸谱网上与他人是朋友的话，会交流分享更多的个人信息。可知选C。6.AdvertisersuseFacebookbecausetheycanknow.A.whoareinterestedintheirproductsB.howtokeeptrackofinformationC.whatproductsarepopularwiththeyoungD.wheretheirproductsaresoldwell答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“AdvertiserscanoftendirecttheirmessagestothepeoplemostinterestedintheirproductsbecauseFacebookputerskeeptrackofinformationthatusersplaceontheirpages.”可知，广告商们经常在脸谱网上投放广告，因为他们可以从脸谱网了解到哪些用户是他们的潜在客户。可知选A。7.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WhoStartsFacebook?B.HowtoUseFacebook?C.WhenIsFacebookOn?D.WhatIsFacebook?答案D解析标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了脸谱网，包括它的创立者、它在世界上的广泛运用和影响等。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2018·江西南昌六校高二检测)FiveSecretstoLivingaSunshineLifeDon’tavoidorignorenegativity.Inordertoconquerandoverethenegativity，itmustbeacknowledged.Youareincontrolofyourenvironmentandifthesenegativesituationskeepmakingan