2021届北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2021届北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（共第一节（共15小题；每小题 2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThankyou.It’smygreathonortobegiventhisaward.YoucannotimaginethatIhavealwaysbeenalatestarter.Yearsago,whenIwas16,Itookanimportantexam—GCE(GeneralCertificateofEducation),whichturnedouttobeafailure.Mydadwasreadingmyreportcardandsawthatmypositioninclasswas29th,butthenumberinclasswas29.ItmeantthatIhadachievedthedistinctionofbeingbottomofmyclass.Iwasn’tlazy,andIwasreallytrying.YoucanpicturehowIfelt.Dadputhishandonmyshoulderandsaid,“Youcanonlydothebestyoucan,butwhateveryoudecidetodo,makesureyouloveit.”Hewasareallysweetguyandagreatman.Iknewhisattempttohidehisdisappointmentwithsomeofhisencouragingwords.Iwasdepressedforaweek,buthisadvicewasawake-upcall.FortunatelyIloveworkingwithmyhands,andIwasgoodattwothings:woodworkandart,andIreallylovedtodrawandpaint.Iwasquitetalented.Dadstronglyencouragedmetogotoartschool,whichinthosedayswasn’ttheobviousplacethatafatherwouldsuggest.SoIgotintoHartlepoolCollegeofArt.Thecollegewasarevelation(出乎意料),thepassionateteachersthere,whowereextremelyinterestedinthestudents,notjusttoleratingthembutactuallyengagingwiththem.Itwasaworldapartfrommyschoolinguntilthen.It’sextraordinarywhatanenthusiasticteachercando,drawingthestudentout,lightingindependence,andencouragingadesignofyourownfuture,ratherthanwaitingforsomethingtohappen.I’mhonoredtohavebecomeoneofthesepassionateteachersyearslater.Myteachersinspiredme,andthankstomydad,hereIamtonight.IthinkIshouldmentionallthetalentsIhaveworkedwithovertime,andtomykidsandmywifeGiannina,thankyou.Thankyouforthisgreataward.Ishallfindaveryspecialplaceforit.HowdidtheauthorfeelaftertakingGCE?Happy. B.Upset. C.Tired. D.Relieved.WhatdidHartlepoolCollegeofArtimpresstheauthormost?Theteacherswerestrictwithstudents.Thestudentssetgoodexamplesforeachother.Theteachersinspiredstudents’passionforlearning.Thestudentsgotpreparedfortheirlessonsindependently.Theauthorgavethisspeechto .sharehiscareerchoiceexplainhisteachingmethodsdescribehislifeexperienceshowhisappreciationBTenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeoplewerealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersconsistentlyexperiencedillfortune.Iplacedadvertisementsinnationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlyluckyorunlucky.Hundredsofextraordinarymenandwomenvolunteeredformyresearch.OvertheyearsIhaveinterviewedthem,monitoredtheirlivesandhadthemtakepartinvariousexperiments.Inoneoftheexperiments,Igavebothluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,askingthemtolookthroughitandtellmehowmanyphotographswereinside.Ihadsecretlyplacedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspaper,saying,“Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandyouwillwin$50.”Thismessagetookuphalfofthepageandwaswrittenintypethatwasmorethantwoincheshigh.Itwasstaringeveryoneintheface,buttheunluckypeopletendedtomissitandtheluckypeopletendedtospotit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymorenervousthanluckypeople,andthisanxietyaffectstheirabilitytonoticetheunexpected.Asaresult,theymissopportunitiesbecausetheyaretoofocusedonlookingforsomethingelse.Theygotogatheringsconcentratingonfindingtheirperfectpartnersandmissopportunitiestomakegoodfriends.Theylookthroughnewspapersdeterminedtofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmissothertypesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemorerelaxedandopen,andthereforeseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhattheyarelookingfor.Myresearcheventuallyshowedthatluckypeopleareskilledatnoticingopportunities,makeluckydecisionsbylisteningtotheirintuition(直觉),areopentonewexperiences,andadoptanever-say-dieattitudethattransformsbadluckintogoodluck.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sresearch?Todiscoverwhatluckmeanstopeople.Tofindluckypeopleandunluckypeople.Todistinguishbetweengoodluckandbadluck.Tofigureoutwhypeoplearealwaysluckyorunlucky.Whydidtheunluckypeoplemissthemessageintheexperiment?Therewastoomuchinformationtobereadindetail.Theyweretoofocusedonlookingforphotographs.Ittooktoomuchtimetogothroughnewspapers.Thewordsweretoosmalltobenoticed.Whatleadstoluckypeople’sgoodfortune?Theirabilitytospotopportunities. B.Theirabilitytobecomerelaxed.C.Theirabilitytocommunicate. D.Theirabilitytomakefriends.What’sthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?Whatluckypeoplearelookingfor.Howluckypeoplegenerategoodluck.Whatluckypeoplecandowithopportunities.DHowluckypeopletransformbadluckintogoodluck.CTheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)wasformedin2001andisnowmadeupofseveralhundredrescueworkersandabout20policedogs.Theteambringshelpandhopetothosewhoselivesarechangedbyastorm,flood,earthquake,oranyothernaturaldisasters.Afterlongandcarefultraining,theteamwentonitsfirstinternationalrescuetasksin2003.Thatyear,theChineseteamhelpedsavelivesafterearthquakesinAlgeriaandIran.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteamhadworkedoutsideChinawhosememberswonhighpraiseforbraveryandskill.Sincethen,theCISARhascompletedmanytasks.Thelistofpeopletowhomhelphasbeengivenislong.Theteamtreatedmorethan3,000peoplewhowerewoundedinthe2006earthquakeinIndonesia,helped2,500woundedpeopleaftertheearthquakethathitHaitiin2010,andspentseveralmonthsgivingaidtoover25,000peoplesufferingfromthe2010floodsinPakistan.OnApril26,2015,agroupof62peoplefromCISARwenttoNepalafterthe8.1magnitudeearthquakethathappenedthere.Rescueworkersaretrainedtofindpeople,treatwounds,andhandoutfood,water,andothersupplies.Theyhavetobeabletodoworkthatisdifficultunderconditionswhichcanbeverydangerous.Afteradisaster,thereisusuallynoelectricityorwater,andtheremaybediseasesandotherdangers.Rescueworkersgettosavelives,buttheymustalsoburythedead.Thatmeanstheyhavetobestronginbothbodyandmind.Rescueworkersmusthavebighearts,too.Ittakesalotofloveandcouragetoriskone’sownlifetosavesomeoneelse’s.ThemembersoftheCISARhaveplentyofbothandarealwaysreadytogowhereverhelpisneeded.WhatisthefunctionofthenumbersinParagraph3?ToadvertisefortheCISAR.Toaddsomebasicinformation.TopraiseRecueWorkers’contributions.TostressthedangersRescueWorkersface.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsRescueWorkers?Hopeful. B.Respectful.C.Curious. D.Supportive.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?Thedutyrescueworkersmustperform.Thequalitiesrescueworkersmustown.Thedifficultiesrescueworkersmustgothrough.Thewillingnessrescueworkersshouldrequire.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChinatotheRescue B.HowtotrainCISARC.WelcometoCISAR D.RescueonrequestDIwasatmyparent’sdinnertable.Beforemewasawornjournalofthinanddiscolor1edpages.Itwasmygrandfather’sjournalandnowbelongedtomyfather.Mygrandfatherhadpassedawayinthemonthsleadinguptomybirth.Inevergottovisittheplaceshehadfrequentedandthepeoplewhohadbeenapartofhislife’sjourney.Iwasnowabouttoenterhisworld,throughthewordshehadleftbehind.Withinminutes,Iwascaptivatedbythepowerofthewrittenwords.Inthemagicalscript( 笔迹)beforeme,Iwastransportedtoanotheragewhenfoodwasaneverydayart,planned,preparedandenjoyedinthecompanyofothers,andatimewhenpeoplehadthehearttopausetheirownlivestoembrace( 拥)eachother’sstruggles.Allthiswasconveyedtomeinthebeautyofthewordsthatflowedtogethertoconnectwiththewriter’smindandunderstandtheworldtheylivedin.Thatkindofwritingseemstobelostonustoday.Wehavegottenusedtowritinginbite -sizedpiecesforapubliclookingforentertainment,andhungryforinformation.Nowonder,therearenearly200millionbloggersontheInternetandanewblogiscreatedsomewhereintheworldeveryhalfasecond.Insteadofaddingtoourcollectivewisdom,mostofthesewritingsreflectthesuperficiality)andimpatienceofourdayandage.Thisnotonlyrobsusoftheskillofwritingimpressiveessays,italsopreventsusfromexploringwhatisindeedimportant.Writinghumbles(使谦卑)usinawaythatisvitalforourcharactergrowth,byremindingusaboutthelimitsoftheselfandourappropriateplaceinthevastflowoflife.Writingfreesusbyhelpingusexploretheunknownsothatwereallyopenuptomagicoftheworldaroundus.Isawallofthisinthewritingofmygrandfather.AndI’veseenitagainandagaininthewritingsofthegreatestthinkersofhumanity.Theirwritingreflectdeepthoughtonissuesofhumanimportance.Theunderlinedword“captivated”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby“ ”.A.puzzled B.frightenedC.attracted D.defeatedIntheauthor’sgrandfather’sage,people .A.livedahardlife B.caredabouteachotherC.werefondofwriting D.treatedfoodasanartTheauthorbeginsthetextwithhergrandfather’sjournalinorderto .showherrespecttohergrandfatherpresenttheimportanceofgoodwritingexpressherinterestinreadingaswellaswritingraisetheproblemswithtoday’swritingInthelastparagraph,theauthoristryingto .discusswhatgoodwritingislikeexpressherstrongdesiretolearnwritingskillsstresstheeffectsofhergrandfather’sjournalonhershowheradmirationforhergrandfather’swriting第二节（共第二节（共5小题；每小题 2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项HowtoIncreaseWalkingStamina(耐力)Ifyou’vedecidedyouwanttoimproveyourfitness,walkingisagoodchoice.It’sfree,simple,andadaptabletoyourschedule. 16 Ifyoudon’thavethepatienceforthat,thereareafewothertricksyoucantrytohelpyoureachyourgoalsfaster.●Walkforatleast30minutes3to5daysaweek.Goingforregularwalksimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessgradually,butdon’tsweatitifyoucan’twalkthislonginitially. 17 ●Goonalongerwalkatleastonedayaweek.Planalongerwalkforatleastoneofyoursessionssoyoucangraduallypushyourendurance.Whenyoufirststart,thedistancewilllikelybelyshort. 18 Don’tworryaboutwhereyoustart-justfocusonimprovingalittleeachweek.●Walkatabriskpaceofabout3miles(4.8km)perhour.Thispaceisfasterthanastroll,butlikelynotthefastestyoucanwalk. 19 Therearesomesmartphoneapps,suchasPaceDJandRockMyRun,thatwillhelpyouplanyourplaylisttoincludesongswiththecorrectnumbersofbeatsperminutetokeepyouonpace. 20 Ifyouonlyhaveashortperiodoftimetowalk,addresistancetoworkonyourstamina.Youcanbuyankleandwristweightsatsportinggoodsordepartmentstores(oronline),butthistypeofequipmentisn’tstrictlynecessary.Youcanalsosimplyputafewbooksorsolidobjectsinabackpackandcarrythat.Afteryou’vebeenwalkingwithweightforafewweeks,trywalkingwithouttheweightandseehowmuchfurtheryoucango.A.Carryweightwhilewalking.B.However,asyouprogress,thedistancewillgrow.C.Listeningtomusicwhileyouwalkcanhelpyoukeepthepace.D.Overtime,youbodywillgetusedtoacertainlevelofactivity.Keeptrackoftheamountofweightyou’recarryingsoyoucanincreaseit.Ifyoudownloadastepappforyoursmartphone,itwillhelpyoukeeppace.Ifyouwalkalittlefurthereveryday,yourwalkingstaminagraduallyimproves.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题 1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Weboughtamicrowavelastweek.Thismaynotseemlikebig21,butwe’veneverownedonebefore.InaNewYorkCitykitchenwithsmallcounterspace,acubicfootisfartoo22todeserveoccupationbyasingleappliance.Buttheconvenienceofheatingfood23finallyoutweighedtheconvenienceofspace.Sothisisabetter24forus.Ihave25thattherearedifferenttypesofchoiceswegetinlife.Thefirstisthegoodvs.goodvariety.Thatis,bothchoiceswill 26 us.Whichflavoroficecreamtastesbetter?Whichcardoyou 27 ?Whicheveroptionweselect,theworstoutcomeisthatour 28 isn’toptimized).Notaproblem.Nextupisgoodvs.bad.Thesechoicesareeither 29 orincrediblyhard.Oftenweneedtochoosebetweenshort-termpleasureandlong-termgood.Whatfeelsthebesttodaymaybe 30 fiveyearsfromnow,andwhat’sthehardestatthemomentmaybewhat’soptimalforthefuture.Goodvs.badchoices 31 insight洞察)andstickingtoour 32 .Finally there’sthe least-worst option situation, where every possibility is 33 , and we haveto 34 whichisleastharmful.Dowechoosethedangerousoperationorlikely 35

?Inwhichpoorneighborhooddoweraiseourkids?Sometimeswehavetofacemany 36 ofthissortandwemustmakeachoice.Mymicrowavepurchase 37 fallsinthegoodvs.goodcategory 38 Ihadtheprivilegeofweighingoneconvenienceagainstanotherandmakingachoice.ThoughInowworkaroundthemonsterpresenceinmymini-kitchen,I 39 thebenefitsitoffers.Facinginconvenienceisnotaproblem;howyoubehave 40 .A.news B.change C.loss D.troubleA.common B.spacious C.precious D.hardA.freely B.effectively C.quietly D.quicklyA.chance B.choice C.plan D.lifeA.noticed B.agreed C.doubted D.admittedA.affect B.confuse C.benefit D.inspireA.hate B.prefer C.accept D.makeA.pleasure B.experience C.time D.fundA.reasonable B.effortless C.right D.wiseA.comfortable B.harmful C.dangerous D.importantA.turnover B.puton C.callfor D.takeupA.routines B.dreams C.habits D.valuesA.painful B.useless C.helpful D.unnecessaryA.explain B.show C.decide D.guessA.death B.recovery C.survival D.injuryA.opportunities B.debates C.dilemmas D.barriersA.hopefully B.finally C.nearly D.clearlyA.but B.if C.although D.becauseA.stress B.enjoy C.ignore D.predictA.works B.succeeds C.fails D.matters第二节（共第二节（共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Therearemanyelectivecoursesforstudentstochoose 41. atmyuniversity, 42. fromarttozoology.Forinstance,Itookacourseontheharmonicathissemester.IthinktheelectivecoursesgivemeafeelingthatIcan’tgetfromcompulsorycourses.Forexample,whenIamboredwithlearningEnglish,Itakeouttheharmonicaandplayforawhile,andimmediatelyallmy 43. (bore)willgoaway.OneofmyroommateschosetotakeJapaneseasanelective,44.shebelieves45.(prove)usefultohercareer.Afterall,46.secondlanguagecanmakeherresumemoreattractive.SheismorepracticalthanIam,butI’dsaythatthe47.(major)ofstudentschoosetheirelectivesoutofpersonalinterests.Thereisno48.(deny)thefactthatelectivecoursescan49.(broad)ourhorizon.However,asthesayinggoes“Youcan’thaveyourcakeandeatit,too.”Weshouldn’tneglectthemajorcoursewearestudyingwhileimmersingourselvesinthe50.(please)wefindinelectivecourses.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分第一节短文改错（满分 10分）10错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧，并在其下面写出该加的词删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。OnJanuary5th,studentsinourschoolvisitedRobotWorld,whichwesawagreatvarietyofrobot.Itwasamazedtofindthoserobotscoulddoagreatnumberofthingsjustlikerealpeople,includeplayingchess,playingpianoanddrawingpictures.What'smore,therobotsareindifferentkindsandshapes,whichmadeusenjoyable.Inaddition,thatexcitedmemostwastheshowgivenbyagroupofrobots.Theydancedjustasifweweredancersonthestage.ByvisitingRobotWorld,Ihavelearnedalotaboutrobots,especialabouttheirfunctionsandshapes.Thegreathumanwisdomissopowerfulthatitmakesustofeelmorecomfortabletoliveintheworld.第二节书面表达（满分 25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。TheMagicalGiftThenighthadprepareditsstarrysuitfortheduty.Anayah'shousewasdecoratedwithlights,otherfancythings.TodaywasAnayah'sseventhbirthday.Thebestpartofherbirthday'scelebrationshthatshegotlotsofgiftsfromherfriendsands.Whenalltheguestslefttheunwrappedgifts,fullofsurpriseandjoy.Finallyshefound