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英语试题

第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)

第一节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Itwas4:30pm.AsIwaspackingup,Inoticedmycolleaguehadlefthislaptopbagintheoffice.SoIdecidedto

bringittohim.Ittookmeabout15minutestogettohishouse,whereI]thebagandgotrightbackonthe

road.

SuddenlyasnowstormcameandwithinminutesIwasinawhiteout.IstoppedbecauseIwasafraidofdriving

intoafarmer^field,orworse.Ikeptthecar2tostaywarmandcalled911.Theytoldmetosittightandwait

thingsoutforthenight.

Thosesecondsafterthecallwere3.Breathe,Itoldmyself.Panickingwon'thelp.

Itextedmycolleague,jokingaboutmygooddeedendingin4.HesuggestedIshareasatelliteviewof

my5onmysocialmedia.AndIdidso,prayingthatanyonewhoknewtheresidentsofthenearbyfarmscould

getmerescued.

Waitinginthecar,Idoubtedwhether6wouldbeabletocome.Soonenough,though,Igotamessage

fromsomeonewhowasgoingtoputmeintouchwiththem.

At8pm,Isawatallfigureinayellowraincoatstridingtowardmeinthedark,carryingaflashlight.I'dnever

beenmore7toseesomeoneinmylife.ItwasAndreBouvier,who'dwalkedabout550yardstocomegetme,

fightingthewindandsnoweachstepoftheway.

Heturnedaroundandstartedtotrudgethroughthesnow,sureofthedirection.Idrovebehindhim,feelingmy

heartbegintobeatmore8.Whenwereachedhishouse,Iburstintotears,allmyfearsturningintoreliefand

9.

Theexperiencehasbeenagamechangerforme.Inow10challengeswithasenseofcalmI'dnotknown

before.Butbestofall,itbroughtAndreintomylife.

1.

A.droppedoffB.filledupC.setasideD.putaway

2.

A.lockedB.parkedC.signalingD.running

3.

ApainfulB.criticalC.disappointingD.impressive

4.

A.failureB.smokeC.disasterD.mystery

5.

A.routeB.locationC.directionD.destination

6.

A.newsB.helpC.hopeD.faith

7

A.satisfiedB.surprisedC.relievedD.worried

8.

A.slowlyB.excitedlyC.nervouslyD.strongly

9.

A.recognitionB.admirationC.satisfactionD.appreciation

10.

A.identifyB.presentC.approachD.anticipate

【答案】LA2.D3.A4.C5.B6.B7.C8.D9.D10.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历。作者为同事送电脑包在返回的路上,遭

遇了暴风雪而失去方向,分享被困位置停车等待救援时,一位叫安德烈的人帮助自己摆脱困境,这次经历

让作者改变了应对挑战的态度,也从此与安德烈相识。

【1题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意:我花了大约15分钟到达他的家,在那里我放下包,然后马上回到路上。A.drop

off放下;B.fillup填满;C.setaside留出;D.putaway收好。根据上文的"SoIdecidedtobringittohim."

和本句中的"gotrightbackontheroad”可知,作者到同事家放下包就回来了。故选A。

【2题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:我让汽车发动着以保持温暖,并拨打了911。A.locked锁上;B.parked停车;

C.signaling发信号;D.running奔跑,运行。根据上文“SuddenlyasnowstormcameandwithinminutesIwas

inawhiteout."可知,外面很冷,“我”需要让汽车保持运行状态来取暖。故选D。

【3题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:通话后的那几秒钟是痛苦的。A.painful痛苦的;B.critical关键的;C.

disappointing令人沮丧的;D.impressive令人钦佩的。根据下文的"Breathe,Itoldmyself.Panickingwon'thelp.

可知,“我”在当时那种情况下感到害怕,安慰自己放松下来,因此等待的过程让人感动痛苦。故选A。

【4题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:我给同事发了短信,开玩笑说我的好事以灾难告终。A.failure失败;B.smoke烟

雾;C.disaster灾难;D.mystery神秘。根据上文的"SuddenlyasnowstormcameandwithinminutesIwasina

whiteout.IstoppedbecauseIwasafraidofdrivingintoafarmer'sfield,orworse."可知,"我"把做好事却遭遇

暴风雪这件事调侃成灾难。故选Co

【5题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:他建议我在社交媒体上分享我的位置的卫星视图。A.route路线;B.location地

点;C.direction方向;D.destination目的地。根据下文的"AndIdidso,prayingthatanyonewhoknewthe

residentsofthenearbyfarmscouldgetmerescued.v可知,"我"在社交媒体上分享自己的位置,希望有人来

救“我”。故选B。

【6题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:在车里等待时,我怀疑是否有人能够来帮我。作者不确定是否有人能来帮助自

ELoA.news新闻;B.help帮助;C.hope希望;D.faith信念。根据下文的"Soonenough,though,Igotamessage

fromsomeonewhowasgoingtoputmeintouchwiththem."可知,我不确定的"帮助”真的来到了。故选B。

【7题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在我的一生中,我从未如此高兴看到有人。A.satisfied满意的;B.surprised惊

讶的;C.relieved宽慰的;D.worried担心的。“我”看到有人来救助自己,因此会感到很宽慰。故选C。

【8题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意:我开车跟在他后面,感觉我的心开始更有力地跳动。A.slowly缓慢地;B.excitedly

兴奋地;C.nervously紧张地;D.strongly强烈地。根据上文的"Heturnedaroundandstartedtotrudgethrough

thesnow,sureofthedirection."可知,"我"在跟随安德烈走出困境,因此在这种情况下心情很紧张,心脏

强烈地跳动。故选D。

【9题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们到达他的家时,我突然哭了起来,我所有的恐惧都变成了宽慰和感激。

A.recognition认可;B.admiration赞赏;C.satisfaction满足;D.appreciation感激。根据上文的"Heturned

ai-oundandstartedtotrudgethroughthesnow,sureofthedirection.v可知,安德烈帮助"我"走出困境,因此

“我”会感到感激。故选D。

[10题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意:我现在面对挑战时带着一种我以前不知道的平静感。A.identify辨认;B.present

展示;C.approach靠近,处理,应对;D.anticipate预料。根据上文的"Heturnedaroundandstartedtotrudge

throughthesnow,sureofthedirection.和“Whenwereachedhishouse”可知,“我”被成功解救,因此“我”

坚信在面对挑战和困难时不会再慌张,会以一种以前没有的平静感去面对它们。故选C。

第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)

A

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Aparent?snightmareturnedtoreliefinFloridaaspolicemenswiftlyrescuedamissingfive-year-oldgirlwith

autism.Thelocalpolicelaunchedadesperatesearch,11(use)airandgroundefforts.Thermalimaging(热成

像)12(lead)tothediscoveryofherinaswampyarea.Abody-worncameracapturedtheheroicmomentof

herrescue.13policemen'squickresponse,shewasfoundunharmed.Thepublicpraisedtheteam'sefficiency

inturning14couldhavebeenatragedyintoaheartwarmingreunion.

【答案】H.using

12.led13.with

14.what

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州,警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五

岁自闭症女孩,避免了悲剧发生,使她与家人重新团聚。

【11题详解】

考查现在分词。句意:当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知,use在句子中

不作为谓语动词使用,它和“thelocalpolice”之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词作状语,故填using。

【12题详解】

考查时态。句意:热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知,句子描述的事情发生在过去,动词

使用一般过去时,故填led。

【13题详解】

考查介词。句意:由于警察的迅速反应,她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词,表示“由于,因为”且只能

填入一个词,故填with。

14题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意:公众赞扬了该团队的效率,将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句

子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示”……的事物”,因此使用what引导宾语从句,

故填whato

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Li-ionbatteriesstorealotofenergyinasmallamountofspace.Whenthatenergyisreleasedinanuncontrolled

manner,itgeneratesheat,15cantransformcertaininternalbatterycomponentsintoburnablegases.

Consumersshouldpurchasebatteriesthatareonlylistedbyanationally16(recognize)testinglaboratoryand

stopusingthedeviceifthebatteryshowssignsofdamage,suchasanunusualsmell,excessiveheat,poppingsounds

orchangeincolor.Amongalltheplacestochargethesedevices,17(safe)oneisoutdoorsawayfromany

structureandnotindirectsunlight.

【答案】15.which

16.recognized

17.thesafest

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多,不当释放有危害,使用充电需注意安全。

【15题详解】

考查定语从句。句意:当能量以不受控制的方式释放时,它会产生热量,从而将某些内部电池组件转化为

可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的句子,从句缺少主语,故用which。故填which。

【16题详解】

考查过去分词。句意:消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池,如果电池出现损坏迹象,例

如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化,则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testinglaboratory,表示“被

认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。

【17题详解】

考查形容词最高级。句意:在所有为这些设备充电的地方中,最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不

在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的"应用最高级thesafest。故填thesafest。

C

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Forbrandstosucceed,theymustgraspandadapttoevolvingconsumertaste.Overthepastdecade,China

18(witness)ashiftinconsumerbehaviormarkedbytheriseofguochao,atrendemphasizingnationalistic

branding.Chineseconsumersdisplayedastrong19(prefer)forlocally-madeproducts.Therefore,ifscrucial

forbrandstogenuinelycomprehendandhonorlocalcustoms,traditions,andvalues.WhileintegratingChinese

elementsintomarketingstrategiescanbeeffective,itshouldbehandledthoughtfully20(avoid)cultural

insensitivity.

【答案】18.haswitnessed

19.preference

20.toavoid

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的十年里,中国见证了消费者行为的转变,一种强调民

族主义品牌的趋势,即“国潮”开始兴起。

【18题详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的十年里,中国见证了消费者行为的转变,其标志是“国潮”的兴起,

这是一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势。根据句中的“Overthepastdecade”可知,动词使用现在完成时,主语

China为单数意义,助动词应用has,故填haswitnessed。

【19题详解】

考查名词。句意:中国消费者对国产产品表现出强烈的偏好。此处使用名词作宾语,需要的词义为“偏好”,

preference,前有a,应用单数,故填preference。

【20题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意:虽然将中国元素融入营销策略是有效的,但也要慎重处理,避免文化不敏感。分

析句子结构可知,avoid在句子中不作为谓语动词使用,空格处及之后表示“目的”,因此使用动词不定式

作目的状语,故填toavoido

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

A

Withallthedietaryinformationonline,itcanbehardtoknowwhattipstofollow.Watchoutforthesewordsand

expressions.

FatIsGood

Itdoesn,tmatterifyouarepartofthefatisGOODforyouorBADforyougroup,theimportantquestiontoask

isthesourceofthefat.Ifitcomesfromaland-basedanimal,andislikelytobesolidatroomtemperature,thenitis

saturated(饱和的)fatwhereasifitcomesfromfishorplants,anditislikelytobeliquidatroomtemperature,thenit

isunsaturatedfat.Alltheevidenceindicatesthateatingmoreunsaturatedfatthansaturatedfatlowersyourriskof

dyingearly.

NaturalSugarIsBetter

Thevastmajorityofsugarweconsumeissucrose(蔗糖).Itisthewhitepowderedstuffwecookwithandis

madeupofglucoseandfructose.Howaboutsugarfromhoney?Itisoftenmarketedasnaturalandbetterforyou.

Actually,itjusthasitsowndistinctflavour,butisassweetbecauseofglucoseandfructose.

High-pHWater

Somepeoplethinkweneedtoeatalkali(碱)foodtomaintainourbloodatapHof7.4.Buteverythingweeator

drinkpassesthroughthestomach,which,atapHof1.5,isthemostacidicpartofthebody.Itisthenneutralisedtoa

pHof7.So,nothingweeatwillchangethepHofourblood.

Don'tEatAnythingThatYouCan'tPronounce

Whetherfoodsarenaturalorhighlyprocessed,theyareallfullofchemicals.Areyousupposedtofear

“phenylthiocarbamide”,becauseyoucan'tpronounceit?Thisissimplythechemicalresponsibleforthebittertaste

foundinbrassicas,theplantsinthecabbageandmustardfamily.

Don'tEatFoodWithMoreThanFiveIngredients(佐料)

Simplefoodsarenotnecessarilyhealthierforyou.IfI,forinstance,useChinesefivespicepowderinarecipe,

thatwouldcountasoneofthefiveingredients.However,whatifIaddedthetypicalcomponentsoffivespicepowder

separatelyintoadish?Doesthatmeanmyrecipesuddenlybecomesbadbecauseithasmorethanfiveingredients?

21.Accordingtothepassage,healthierfat.

A.canbefoundinfishandplantsB.comesfromland-basedanimals

C.remainssolidatroomtemperatureD.canlowerthedeathrateofelders

22.Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A.dietscanhelpadjustthepHofourbloodB.honeysugarcandomoregoodthansucrose

C.foodswithmoreingredientsmaybeashealthyD.chemicalswecanrecognizearesafertotakein

23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocomparetipsonfoodchoices.B.Tointroducedifferenthealthconcepts.

C.Torecommendfitnessrecipestoreaders.D.Towarnusofsomedietarymisunderstandings.

【答案】21.A22.C23.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是对一些常见的饮食相关的说法进行了分析和解释,以帮助人们更好

地理解和选择饮食。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"Ifitcomesfromaland-basedanimal,andislikelytobesolidatroomtemperature,then

itissaturated(饱和的)fatwhereasifitcomesfromfishorplants,anditislikelytobeliquidatroomtemperature,

thenitisunsaturatedfat.Alltheevidenceindicatesthateatingmoreunsaturatedfatthansaturatedfatlowersyourrisk

ofdyingearly.(如果它来自陆生动物,在室温下很可能是固体,那么它就是饱和脂肪;如果它来自鱼类或植

物,在室温下很可能是液体,那么它就是不饱和脂肪。所有证据都表明,摄入更多的不饱和脂肪比摄入更

多的饱和脂肪能降低早逝的风险)”可知,鱼类和植物中含有更健康的脂肪。故选A。

【22题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Simplefoodsarenotnecessarilyhealthierforyou.IfI,forinstance,useChinesefive

spicepowderinarecipe,thatwouldcountasoneofthefiveingredients.However,whatifIaddedthetypical

componentsoffivespicepowderseparatelyintoadish?Doesthatmeanmyrecipesuddenlybecomesbadbecauseit

hasmorethanfiveingredients?(简单的食物不一定对你更健康。例如,如果我在菜谱中使用了中国的五香粉,

它就会被算作五种配料之一。然而,如果我把五种香料粉的典型成分分别加入到一道菜中呢?这是否意味

着我的食谱突然变坏了,因为它含有超过五种原料?)”可推知,含有更多佐料的食物可能也一样健康,故

选C。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章主要讲了一些关于饮食的常见误解,如脂肪的好坏、天然糖是否更好、高pH值水是

否更好、以及佐料多的食物是否不好,目的是提醒人们注意这些饮食方面的误解,故选D。

B

AtmyfirstlessoninChinesecalligraphy,myteachertoldmeplainly:"NowIwillteachyouhowtowriteyour

name.Andtomakeitbeautiful.1feltmybreathcatch.Iwascurious.

GrowingupinSingapore,IhadanunusualrelationshipwithmyChinesename.Myparentsareethnically

Chinese,sotheyaskedfortunetellerstodecidemyname,aimingformaximumluck.Asaresult,Iendedupwitha

nonsenseandembarrassingname:ChenYiwen,meaning,roughly,"old","barley(惹米)"and"warm”.

WhenIarrivedinAmericaforcollegeat18,1putonanAmericanaccentandabandonedmyChinesename.

WhenImovedtoHongKongin2021,after14yearsintheStates,Idecidedtolearncalligraphy.Whynotgetbackin

touchwithmyheritage?Ithought.

Incalligraphy,theideaistocopytheoldmasters5techniques,therebyrefiningyourown.Everyweek,though,

myteacherwouldgiveuncomfortablyon-the-noseassessmentsofmyperson.t4Youneedtobebraver,heonce

observed.C4Haveconfidence.Trytoproduceaboldstroke(笔画)Foryears,Ihadpridedmyselfonpresentingan

imageofconfidence,butmywritingbetrayedme.

Iwastryingtomakesenseofthispractice.Youmustvisualizethewordasitistobewrittenandleaveatraceof

yourselfinit.Asabodilypractice,calligraphycouldgobeyonditsownculturalrestrictions.Couldithelpmego

beyondmine?Myteacheroncesaidtome,"Whenyoulookattheword,youseethebody.Thoughawordonthepage

istwo-dimensional,itcontainsmultitudes,conveyingtheforceyou'veapplied,theenergyofyourgrip,thearchof

yourspine.9,1hadbeenlearningcalligraphytogetintouchwithmyculturalroots,butwhatIwasreallyseekingwas

areturntomyself.NowIhavesensedthatthepleasureoutofcalligraphyallowsmetoknowmyselfmorefully.

Duringarecentlesson,myteacherpointedatthewordIhadjustfinished,tellingme:"Thiswordismuchbetter.

Icanseethechoicesyoumade,yourcalculations,yourflow.Trustyourself.Thiswordisyours.^^Hemightaswell

havesaid,"Thiswordisyou.^^

24.Whatdidtheauthorinitiallythinkofhername"ChenYiwen”?

A.Itwasluckysoshegladlyacceptedit.B.Shefeltproudofitssymbolicmeaning.

C.Sheunderstoodtheintentionbutstilldislikedit.D.Itsstrangepronunciationmadeherembarrassed.

25.Theauthordecidedtolearncalligraphyto.

A.pickupanewhobbyB.reconnectwithherorigin

C.gaininsightsintoanewcultureD.fitinwithlocalcommunity

26.Fromtheteacher?swords,theauthorlearnsthatcalligraphy.

A.reflectsthecreator'sspiritsB.comesfromcreativeenergy

C.highlightsthedesignofstrokesD.dependsoncontinuouspractice

27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?

A.Appreciatewhatourcultureoffers.B.Findbeautyfromyourinnerself.

C.Agreatteacherleadsyoutotruth.D.Wearethesumofwhatwecreate.

【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者学习中国书法的经历和感悟,包括初次接触书法时的

情景,名字的由来,在美国放弃中文名,回到香港学习书法的原因,老师对自己的评价,以及通过书法对

自身的思考和认识等。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"MyparentsareethnicallyChinese,sotheyaskedfortunetellerstodecidemyname,

aimingformaximumluck.Asaresult,Iendedupwithanonsenseandembarrassingname:ChenYiwen,meaning,

roughly,“old”,“barley(意米)"and“warm”.(我的父母是华裔,所以他们请算命先生给我取名字,希望能给我

带来最大的好运。于是,我给自己取了一个毫无意义又尴尬的名字:陈慧温,意思大致是“陈旧”、“慧

米"、“温暖")”可知,作者认为自己的名字“ChenYiwen”是无意义且令人尴尬的,虽然父母是为了

追求最大的运气才取这个名字,但她还是不喜欢。故选C。

[25题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“WhenImovedtoHongKongin2021,after14yearsintheStates,Idecidedtolearn

calligraphy.Whynotgetbackintouchwithmyheritage?Ithought.(当我在美国生活了14年后,于2021年搬到

香港时,我决定学习书法。为什么不跟我的传统联系一下呢?我想)”可知,作者决定学习书法是为了重新

接触自己的文化根源。故选B。

[26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Duringarecentlesson,myteacherpointedatthewordIhadjustfinished,tellingme:

“Thiswordismuchbetter.Icanseethechoicesyoumade,yourcalculations,yourflow.Trustyourself.Thiswordis

yours."Hemightaswellhavesaid,“Thiswordisyou."(在最近的一次课上,老师指着我刚完成的单词对我说:

“这个单词好多了。我能看到你所做的选择,你的计算,你的心流。相信自己。这个词是你的。”他还不

如说:“这个词就是你。可知,从老师的话中,作者了解到书法反映了创作者的精神。故选A。

[27题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ihadbeenlearningcalligraphytogetintouchwithmyculturalroots,butwhatI

wasreallyseekingwasareturntomyself.NowIhavesensedthatthepleasureoutofcalligraphyallowsmetoknow

myselfmorefully.(我一直在学习书法,以接触我的文化根源,但我真正寻求的是回归自我。现在我已经感觉

到,书法的乐趣可以让我更充分地认识自己)”以及作者讲述自己学习书法的经历,通过老师的话及自己的

理解,意识到书法可以帮助自己回归自我,更好地了解自己。作者意在告诉我们要从内心自我中发现美。

故选Bo

C

Researchershopebrainimplantswillonedayhelppeoplewithaphasia(失语症)togettheirvoiceback一and

maybeeventosing.Now,forthefirsttime,scientistshavedemonstratedthatthebrain'selectricalactivitycanbe

decodedandusedtoreconstructmusic.

Anewstudyanalyzeddatafrom29peoplemonitoredforepilepticseizures(癫痫发作),usingelectrodes(电极)

onthesurfaceoftheirbrain.Asparticipantslistenedtoaselectedsong,electrodescapturedbrainactivityrelatedto

musicalelements,suchastone,rhythm,andlyrics.Employingmachinelearning,RobertKnightfromUCBerkeley

andhiscolleaguesreconstructedwhattheparticipantswerehearingandpublishedtheirstudyresults.Thepaperisthe

firsttosuggestthatscientistscan“listensecretlyto“thebraintosynthesize(合成)music.

Toturnbrainactivitydataintomusicalsound,researcherstrainedanartificialintelligence(Al)modeltodecode

datacapturedfromthousandsofelectrodesthatwereattachedtotheparticipantsastheylistenedtothesongwhile

undergoingsurgery.Oncethebraindatawerefedthroughthemodel,themusicreturned.Themodelalsorevealed

somebrainpartsrespondingtodifferentmusicalfeaturesofthesong.

Althoughthefindingsfocusedonmusic,theresearchersexpecttheirresultstobemostusefulfortranslating

brainwavesintohumanspeech.LudovicBellier,thestudy5sleadauthor,explainsthatspeech,regardlessoflanguage,

hassmallmelodicdifferences—tempo,stress,accents,andintonation一knownasprosody(韵律).Theseelements

carrymeaningthatwecan'tcommunicatewithwordsalone.Hehopesthemodelwillimprovebrain-computer

interfaces(BCI),assistivedevicesthatrecordspeech-associatedbrainwavesandusealgorithmstoreconstruct

intendedmessages.Thistechnology,stillinitsinfancy,couldhelppeoplewhohavelosttheabilitytospeakbecause

ofaphasia.

Futureresearchshouldinvestigatewhetherthesemodelscanbeexpandedfrommusicthatparticipantshave

heardtoimaginedinternalspeech.Ifabrain-computerinterfacecouldrecreatesomeone'sspeechwiththeprosody

andemotionalweightfoundinmusic,itcouldofferarichercommunicationexperiencebeyondmerewords.

Severalbarriersremainbeforewecanputthistechnologyinthehands-orbrains——ofpatients.Thecurrent

modelreliesonsurgicalimplants.Asrecordingtechniquesimprove,thehopeistogatherdatanon-invasively,

possiblyusingultrasensitiveelectrodes.However,undercurrenttechnologies,thisapproachmightresultinalower

speedofdecodingintonaturalspeech.Theresearchersalsohopetoimprovetheplaybackclaritybypackingthe

electrodesclosertogetheronthebrain'ssurface,enablinganevenmoredetailedlookattheelectricalsymphonythe

brainproduces.

hrain-coniputerinteifijccs

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?

A.Electrodescananalyzemusicalelements.

B.Thedecodingofbraindatahelpsrecreatemusic.

C.Machinelearninggreatlyenhancesbrainactivity.

D.TheAImodelmonitorsmusic-responsivebrainregions.

29.Whathopefullymakesitpossibletoexpandthemodeltospeech?

A.Theprosodyofspeech.B.Thecollectionofbrainwaves.

C.Theemotionalweightofmusic.D.Thereconstructionofinformation.

30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UnlockingtheSecretsofMelodicMindB.BrainSymphony:SynthesizedHumanSpeech

C.BCIBringsHopetoPeoplewithAphasiaD.RemarkableJourney:DecodingBrainwithAI

【答案】28.B29.A30.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家首次证明大脑电活动可解码并用于重构音乐,他们还期望该

研究成果能助失语症患者恢复说话能力,未来需克服一些障碍才能将此技术应用于患者。

[28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段的“Toturnbrainactivitydataintomusicalsound,researcherstrainedanartificial

intelligence(AI)modeltodecodedatacapturedfromthousandsofelectrodesthatwereattachedtotheparticipants

astheylistenedtothesongwhileundergoingsurgery.(为了将大脑活动数据转化为音乐声音,研究人员训练了一

个人工智能模型来解码从数千个电极捕获的数据,这些电极是在参与者接受手术时听歌曲时连接到他们身

上的)”可知,解码大脑数据有助于重新创造音乐。故选B。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段的“Althoughthefindingsfocusedonmusic,theresearchersexpecttheirresultstobe

mostusefulfortranslatingbrainwavesintohumanspeech.LudovicBellier,thestudy'sleadauthor,explainsthat

speech,regardlessoflanguage,hassmallmelodicdifferences—tempo,stress,accents,andintonation-knownas

prosody.Theseelementscanymeaningthatwecan'tcommunicatewithwordsalone.Hehopesthemodelwill

improvebrain-computerinterfaces(BCI),assistivedevicesthatrecordspeech-associatedbrainwavesanduse

algorithmstoreconstructintendedmessages」尽管研究结果主要集中在音乐上,但研究人员希望他们的结果在

将脑电波转换为人类语言方面最有用。该研究的主要作者LudovicBellier解释说,无论语言是什么,语音都

有小的旋律差异一一节奏、重音、口音和语调一一被称为韵律。这些元素所承载的意义是我们无法仅用语

言交流的。他希望这个模型能够改善脑机接口,这是一种辅助设备,可以记录与语音相关的脑电波,并使

用算法来重建预期的信息)”可知,是语音的韵律使得将模型扩展到语音成为可能。故选A。

[30题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段的"Researchershopebrainimplantswillonedayhelppeoplewithaphasiato

gettheirvoiceback—andmaybeeventosing.Now,forthefirsttime,scientistshavedemonstratedthatthebrain's

electricalactivitycanbedecodedandusedtoreconstructmusic.(研究人员希望大脑植入物有一天能帮助失语症

患者恢复声音,甚至可能唱歌。现在,科学家们第一次证明,大脑的电活动可以被解码并用于重建音乐)”

可知,文章主要讲述了科学家通过解码大脑的电活动来合成音乐,并且希望这项技术可以用于转化人类语

言,帮助失语症患者,因此B选项“大脑交响乐:合成人类语言”能够很好地概括文章主旨,适合作为标

题。故选B。

D

“Assumeyouarewrong.^^TheadvicecamefromBrianNosek,apsychologyprofessor,whowasofferinga

strategyforpursuingbetterscience.

TounderstandthecontextforNosek'sadvice,weneedtotakeastepbacktothenatureofscienceitself.Yousee

despitewhatmanyofuslearnedinelementaryschool,thereisnosinglescientificmethod.Justasscientifictheories

becomeelaboratedandchange,sodoscientificmethods.

Butmethodologicalreformhasn'tcomewithoutsomefrettingandfriction.Nastythingshavebeensaidbyand

aboutmethodologicalreformers.Fewpeoplelikehavingthevalueoftheirlife'sworkcalledintoquestion.Onthe

otherside,fewpeoplearegoodatvoicingcriticismsinkindandconstructiveways.So,partofthechallengeis

figuringouthowtobakecriticalself-reflectionintothecultureofscienceitself,soitunfoldsasawelcomeand

integratedpartoftheprocess,andnotanembarrassingsideshow.

WhatNosekrecommendedwasastrategyforchangingthewayweofferandrespondtocritique.Assumingyou

arerightmightbeamotivatingforce,sustainingtheenormouseffortthatconductingscientificworkrequires.Butit

alsomakesiteasytointerpretcriticismsaspersonalattacks.Beginning,instead,fromtheassumptionyouarewrong,

acriticismiseasiertointerpretasaconstructivesuggestionforhowtobelesswrong——agoalthatyourcritic

presumablyshares.

Oneworryaboutthisapproachisthatitcouldbedemoralizingforscientists.Strivingtobelesswrongmightbe

alesseffectivemotivationthanthepromiseofbeingright.Anotherconcernisthatastrategythatworkswellwithin

sciencecouldbackfirewhenitcomestocommunicatingsciencewiththepublic.Withoutanappreciationforhow

scienceworks,ifseasytotakeuncertaintyordisagreementsasmarksagainstscience,wheninfacttheyreflectsome

oftheveryfeaturesofsciencethatmakeitourbestapproachtoreachingreliableconclusionsabouttheworld.

Scienceisreliablebecauseitrespondstoevidence:asthequantityandqualityofourevidenceimproves,ourtheories

canandshouldchange,too.

Despitetheseworries,IlikeNosek'ssuggestionbecauseitbuildsincogn

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