【英语】江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高三年级下册期初适应性练习试题(解析版)

江苏省镇江市2023-2024学年高三下学期期初适应性练习

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

略

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Contrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimetotravel.Below,you'llfind

recommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.

Sequoia（美洲杉）NationalPark,California

Thisparkisfamousforitsgiantsequoiatrees.Andthoughit'simpressivetowalkamong

250-footsequoias,snowshoeingorcross-countryskiingthroughGiantForestGrovewhenthe

toweringtreesaredustedwithsnowispuremagic.

Accommodation:ThecentrallylocatedVisaliaMarriottisjust40minutesfromtheparkgate.

Charleston,SouthCarolina

Startyourweekendgetawayonahistoriccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-clop

pastthecity'schurches,seewheretheystoredallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearn

aboutCharleston'spast.

Accommodation:Locatedinthecity*shistoricheart,theCharlestonPlacehotelfeaturesplush

roomsandexcellentdining.

Keystone,Colorado

SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthetopresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski­

in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;andbeginnerterrain（地形）.

Accommodation:KeystoneLodgeandSpahascozymountain-inspiredroomsandlofts,a

heatedoutdoorpoolandhottub.

ParkCity,Utah

Locatedjust40minutesfromSaltLakeCity,thelargestskiresortintheUnitedStatesis

knownforitslight,drysnow,sunnyskiesandvarietyofterrain.

Accommodation:Marriott5sSummitWatchisanaffordableoptionlocatedrightinParkCity,

anditoffersaccessiblerooms.

1.WhatwilltravelersdoinCharleston?

A.Walkalonggiantsequoiatrees.B.Skithroughsnow-coveredforests.

C.Explorethehistoriccity.D.Swiminaheatedoutdoorpool.

2.Whichdestinationgiveskidsachancetoskiforfree?

A.SequoiaNationalPark.B.Charleston.

C.Keystone.D.ParkCity.

3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?

A.Theyarelocated40minutesfromthenearbycity.

B.TheyarefamousnationalparksintheUSA.

C.Theyoffercarriageridesatweekends.

D.Theyofferarangeofcold-weatherfun.

【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几个美国冬季最佳旅游景点。

【答案】1.C2.C3.D

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Charleston,SouthCarolina部分的"Startyourweekendgetawayona

historiccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-cloppastthecity'schurches,seewherethey

storedallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearnaboutCharleston'spast.（在寒冷的冬天乘坐

历史悠久的马车开始你的周末之旅。咔嗒咔嗒地经过这座城市的教堂，看看他们在18世纪

储存火药的地方，了解查尔斯顿的过去。）”可知，游客在Charleston可以探索这座城市的

历史。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Keystone,Colorado部分的"SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthe

topresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;

andbeginnerterrain.（滑雪报告网站0ntheSnow将其评为最适合家庭的度假胜地，这要归

功于免费停车；住宿；儿童免费滑雪项目；初学者地形。）”可知，Keystone给孩子一个免

费滑雪的机会。故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一■段aContrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimeto

travel.Below,you511findrecommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.（与普

遍的看法相反，冬天实际上是旅行的好时机。下面，你会发现美国冬季最佳旅游景点的推

荐。）”可推知，这四个地方的共同之处在于它们提供了一系列寒冷天气的乐趣。故选D。

B

IfsanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVenturaDiveSport,andlifelong

seaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversandsnorkeling（浮潜）

enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthernCaliforniancoast,inthe

remoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.

Onthistrip,inparticular,Smithishopingtospotgiantblackseabass,ahugeunderwater

creaturethatgrowsoversevenfeetlongandcanweighmorethan700pounds.Unsurprisingly,it's

afishthatsitsatopthefoodchain,andthespeciesisanimportantpartofthemarine（海洋的）

ecosystem.

Upuntilthe1970s,blackseabasswasacommonsightinginSouthernCalifornia,butdueto

overfishingtheirpopulationdramaticallydeclined.Asaresult,fishingforgiantblackseabassof

anykindwasbannedinCaliforniain1982.IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotected

watersofthenationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individuals

aroundtheCatalinaIslandalone.

Marinebiologists9photos-andindeedanyoneelse's-nowhaveapermanenthome,ona

newly-createddatabasenamedSpottingGiantSeaBass.Thewebsite,launchedandrunbythe

AquariumofthePacificinJuly,isajointcommunityefforttofindoutmoreaboutthese

mysteriouscreatures.Scientistshopetobeabletoanswerhowthepopulationischangingover

time,howfargiantseabassmove,wheretheyspawn（产卵），andhowtheygrowinmarine

protectedareas.Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrosstheGoldenState's

coastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithitsrecovery.

“OneofthemainthingspeoplewanttoseewhentheycomeoutwithusduringSeptember

andOctoberisgiantseabass,“Smithsays."Ifyou'reluckyenoughtobeonadiveandoneswims

pastyou...itreallyisthemostincredibleexperience.9,

4.WhoisJimSmith?

A.Amarinebiologist.

B.Adiveboatcaptain.

C.Afounderofawebsite.

D.Aguardofanationalpark.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutblackseabassintheChannelIslandregionnow?

A.Theyareexperiencingpopulationgrowth.

B.Theyarebeingoverfished.

C.Theyarelivinginterribleconditions.

D.Theyaredisappearingduetopollution.

6.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredas“apermanenthome^^inparagraph4?

A.SouthernCalifornia.

B.SpottingGiantSeaBass.

C.Marineprotectedareas.

D.TheAquariumofthePacific.

7.Whatwillbehelpfulfortherecoveryofblackseabassaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Swimmingwiththeminthesea.

B.Prohibitingdeep-seadiving.

C.Workingtogethertorecordinformation.

D.Discoveringmoreislands.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是关于黑鱼卢鱼的保护和恢复，以及一个新的数

据库的创建，帮助记录和研究黑妒鱼的信息。

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

[4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中"It'sanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVentura

DiveSport,andlifelongseaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversand

snorkeling（浮潜）enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthern

Californiancoast,intheremoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.（对于文图拉潜水运动公司的老

板、终身海员JimSmith来说，这是一个异常平静的早晨。他负责“猛禽”号，载着一船潜

水员和浮潜爱好者前往海峡群岛，停泊在南加州海岸外遥远的海峡群岛国家公园。）”可

知，JimSmith是一名潜水船只的船长。故选B。

[5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotectedwatersofthe

nationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individualsaroundthe

CatalinaIslandalone.（在海峡岛地区，由于受国家公园保护的水域，出现了一个有希望的迹

象一一最近的调查发现，仅在卡塔利娜岛附近就有大约50只个体。）”可知，在海峡岛地

区附近，黑妒鱼的数量是一个充满希望的迹象即数量在不断增加。故选A。

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第四段中划线词后面的内容“onanewly-createddatabasenamedSpotting

GiantSeaBass.（在一个新创建的名为“发现巨型海妒鱼”的数据库中。）”可知，海洋生物

学家们的照片现在存储于一个新创建的名为“发现巨型海妒鱼”的数据库中。故a

permanenthome指的是“发现巨型海妒鱼”的数据库。故选B。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrossthe

GoldenState'scoastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithits

recovery.（每年有超过100万次潜水记录在金州的海岸线上，研究人员希望共同努力记录这

个物种将有助于它的恢复。）”可知，根据研究人员的说法，共同记录信息将有助于黑海妒

鱼的恢复。故选C。

C

Emotionsarelikeourbestfriend.Theyhavealwaysbeenapartofourlivesandhavebeen

influencingourpersonalitiesfromtheverybeginning.However,thisbegsthequestion-wheredo

emotionscomefrom?

Evolutionary（进化论的）psychologistsbelievethatemotionsareadaptationsthathave

evolvedinresponsetothechallengesfacedbyourancestors.Theybelievethatemotionsare

innate（先天的），meaningthatwearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.

Somepsychologistsrestricttheirclaimstoasmallsetof"basic“emotions,whicharecalled

theBigSix-happiness,sadness,fear,surprise,angeranddisgust.

Criticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsaresociallyconstructed.Theyreject

theevolutionarytheoryofemotionsbeinginvoluntary;instead,theybelievethatemotionsare

voluntarychoiceswetrickourselvesintotreatingasinvoluntary.

Defendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowweshouldfeelandwhatwe

shoulddoinagivensituation.Whenwefeelanemotionandactonit,weengageinabehavior

thatisprescribedbyourculture.

Peoplearguethatourpresumptionthatemotionsareinvoluntary,suchasanger,mayjustbea

convenientillusion（幻觉）.Tobeangry,weneedtounderstandsomethingasoffensive（冒犯

的）,whichislikelybasedonculturallyinformedmoraljudgments.Inthatcase,howcanangerbe

ananimalreflex（本能反应）？

Moreover,angerisnotseeninallcultures.InInuitculture,peoplerarelyshowanysignsof

anger,probablysincethreateningresponseswouldbetooriskyinasmallculturesurvivingin

harshconditions.TheMalaylanguageofMalaysiadoesn'tevenhaveawordmeaning“anger”!

Thefactthatculturecanaffecttheincidenceandintensityofouremotionsmakesthemlook

lesslikebiologicaltruthsandmoreliketheproductofsocialconstructs.

Frommyperspective,evolutionarypsychologistsunderestimatethecontributionsofculture

andlearning,whereassocialconstructionistsover-emphasizethesame.Basically,weneedan

explanationthatcansteerbetweenboththeseextremes.

Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup（冒出），thekeyistodeterminethe

underlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemosthelpfulinkeepingyoubalanced

andemotionallyundercontrol!

8.Whatdoevolutionarypsychologistsbelieve?

A.Wearebomwithemotions.

B.Personalitiesinfluenceemotions.

C.Emotionsarelearned.

D.Humanshavesixdifferentemotions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prescribed“inparagraph5mean?

A.Copied.

B.Remembered.

C.Translated.

D.Required.

10.Whatdothetwoexamplesinparagraph7mainlyexplain?

A.Emotionsplayamajorroleinsurvival.

B.Peopleinpoorcircumstanceshaveemotions.

C.Peoplesolveproblemswiththehelpofemotions.

D.Emotionsaresociallyconstructed.

11.Whatisessentialwhenfacingtheoccurrenceofacomplexemotion?

A.Findingouttherealcoreemotions.

B.Takingactiontoignorebasicemotions.

C.Strikingabalancebetweenlifeandwork.

D.Makingeffortstobuildconfidence.

【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了情绪从何而来。

【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.A

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Theybelievethatemotionsareinnate（先天的），meaningthat

wearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.（他们认为情绪是天生的，这意味着我们出生时就

把它们连接到我们的大脑中。）”可知，进化心理学家认为，我们生来就有情绪。故选A。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文uDefendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowwe

shouldfeelandwhatweshoulddoinagivensituation^持这种观点的人认为，我们的文化影响

着我们在特定情况下的感受和行为。）”可知，当我们感受到一种情绪并采取行动时，我们

的行为是由我们的文化所规定的。prescribed意为“规定，指示”。故选D。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段aCriticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsare

sociallyconstructed.（进化心理学的批评者认为情绪是社会建构的。）”、文章第五段

"Defendantsofthisviewbelieve...shoulddoinagivensituation.（持这种观点的人认为，我们

的文化影响着我们在特定情况下的感受和行为。）”和文章第七段“Moreover,angerisnot

seeninallcultures.InInuitculture,…awordmeaning"anger"!（此夕卜，并非所有文化中都能看

到愤怒。在因纽特文化中，人们很少表现出任何愤怒的迹象，可能是因为在一个生存在恶

劣条件下的小文化中，威胁的回应太冒险了。马来西亚的马来语甚至没有“愤怒”这个

词！）”可推知，第七段提到的两个例子解释了情绪是社会建构的。故选D。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup（冒

出），thekeyistodeterminetheunderlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemost

helpfulinkeepingyoubalancedandemotionallyundercontrol!（下次当你感至！种复杂的情绪

冒出来的时候，关键是要确定潜在的基本情绪，这样你就可以采取行动，这对保持你的平

衡和情绪控制最有帮助！）”可知，面对复杂情绪的发生，找出真正的核心情绪是至关重要

的。故选A。

D

Activenoisecontroltechnologyisusedbynoise-cancelingheadphonestominimizeor

completelyblockoutoutsidenoise.However,despitethemanyadvancementsintechnology,

peoplestilldon'thavemuchcontroloverwhichsoundstheirheadphonesblockoutandwhichthey

letpass.

Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedbyagroupofacademicsatthe

UniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisestofilter（过滤）throughtheir

headphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed"semantichearing^^byitscreators.

TheAl-poweredheadphonesremoveallbackgroundnoisebystreamingrecordedaudio（音

频）toasmartphonethatislinkedtothedevices.Throughthisprocess,theheadphoneuserscan

choosetostrengthenorcancelout20typesofsounds,usingvoicecommandsorasmartphone

app.Theheadphoneswillthenonlyletthroughthesoundsthathavebeenchosenbythewearer.

“Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneedtosyne（同步）withtheir

visualsenses.Thismeanstheneural（神经的）algorithmsmustprocesssoundsinundera

hundredthofasecond.^^saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota,aUWprofessor.

Duetothistimeconstraint,thesemantichearingsystemchoosesaprocessthatrelieson

noisescommunicatedonadevicelikealinkedsmartphone.Furthermore,inorderforhumansto

continuetoeffectivelyexperiencesoundsintheirenvironment,thesystemneedstomaintainthese

delaysbecausesoundscomingfromdifferentdirectionsenterpeople'searsatdifferenttimes.

Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavarietyofsettings.Thesemantichearing

systemwasabletoisolatetargetsounds,whileatthesametimeremovingbackgroundnoise.In

termsofthesystem'saudiooutputforthedesiredsounds.22participantsgaveitanaveragerating

higherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoiserecordings.

Therewere,however,afewdisadvantages:theAl-poweredsystemoccasionallyhadtrouble

recognizingsoundsthatweretoosimilar.Theresearcherssaidthatthesystemcouldproduce

betterresultsifitsmachinelearningmodelsweretrainedonmorerealworlddata.

12.Whatcandeeplearningalgorithmsdo?

A.Improveuserslisteningability.

B.Helpusersremoveunwantednoise.

C.Stoppeoplefromenteringnoisyareas.

D.Createcommunicationbetweenusers.

13.WhatshouldtheneuralalgorithmsdoaccordingtoShyamGollakota?

A.Selectheadphoneusers.

B.Processdatawithoutnoticeabledelay.

C.Followthewaypeoplespeak.

D.Improvethequalityofsmartphones.

14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthesysteminthetrials?

A.Ithasimprovementinsoundquality.

B.Ithelpsthemrecognizeparticipants*voices.

C.Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.

D.It'ssuitabletostrengthenbackgroundnoise.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Thesemantichearingsystemstillhassomedrawbacks

B.Thesemantichearingsystemcanrecognizehumanspeech

C.Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyouhear

D.AInoise-cancelingheadphonesnowhaveacommercialversion

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了华盛顿大学的一组学者开发的深度学习算

法，使用户能够实时选择通过耳机过滤的噪音。

【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedby

a...hearing^^byitscreators.（现在，华盛顿大学的一组学者开发了一种深度学习算法，使用

户能够实时选择通过耳机过滤哪些噪音。该系统被其创建者命名为“语义听力”。）”可

知，深度学习算法可以帮助用户消除不必要的噪音。故选B。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中""Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneed

tosyne（同步）withtheirvisualsenses.Thismeanstheneural（神经的）algorithmsmustprocess

soundsinunderahundredthofasecond."saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota.aUWprofessor.

（“挑战在于，耳机佩戴者听到的声音需要与他们的视觉感官同步。这意味着神经算法必须

在百分之一秒内处理声音。资深作者ShyamGollakota说。华盛顿大学教授。）”可知，根

据ShyamGollakota认为，耳机佩戴者听到的声音需要与他们的视觉感官同步，这意味着神

经算法必须在百分之一秒内处理声音，即深度学习算法在处理数据时，没有明显的延迟。

故选Bo

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavariety

of...participantsgaveitanaverageratinghigherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoise

recordings.（研究人员在各种环境下进行了试验。语义听觉系统能够隔离目标声音，同时去

除背景噪音。在系统的音频输出为所需的声音。22名参与者给它的平均评分高于他们给原

始噪音录音的评分。）”可知，在试验中发现语义听觉系统能够隔离目标声音，同时去除背

景噪音，22名参与者给它的平均评分高于他们给原始噪音录音的评分，即它的音质有所改

善。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Now,deeplearningalgorithms（算法）havebeendevelopedbya

groupofacademicsattheUniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisesto

filter（过滤）throughtheirheadphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed“semantic

hearing”byitscreators.（现在，华盛顿大学的一组学者开发了一种深度学习算法，使用户能

够通过耳机实时选择过滤哪些噪音。该系统被其创建者命名为“语义听力”。）”以及通读

全文可知，这篇文章介绍了华盛顿大学的一组学者开发的深度学习算法，使用户能够实时

选择通过耳机过滤的噪音。通过将录制的音频传送到与设备连接的智能手机上，这种人工

智能耳机可以通过语音命令或智能手机应用程序选择加强或消除20种类型的声音，并只允

许佩戴者选择的声音通过。C选项"Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyou

hear（人工降噪耳机可以让你选择听什么）”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere?snoescape.16.

Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.

•Useahumidifier（加湿器）toincreasehumidity.

Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetothe

air,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated（含水的）.

Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimto

keepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.17Ifyou5reunsureofyour

home'shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.

•Keepthermostat（恒温器）temperaturescoolandcomfortable.

Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonas

yougethome.18Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdrying

further-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.

•19

Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercandry

outtheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.

Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema（湿疹）.20

Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,

expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyour

doctor.

A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.

B.It'squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.

C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou9resleeping.

D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.

E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.

F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.

G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个在冬季也能处理皮肤干燥并保持舒适的方

法。

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F

【16题详解】

由上文uWintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere'snoescape.（冬天会对

你的皮肤造成伤害，而且感觉无处可逃。）”以及后文"Happily,therearemanywaystodeal

withdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.（令人高兴的是，有很多方法可以处理皮肤干燥并

保持舒适。）”可知，空前提到了皮肤在冬季可能会出现不舒服的感觉，空处后提到了处理

皮肤干燥并保持舒服的方法。G项Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassitting

byaroaringfire,candryyourskin.（即使是那些让冬天变得美好的事情，比如坐在熊熊燃烧

的火炉旁，也会使你的皮肤干燥。）符合文意，该项提到了在冬季会让皮肤变得干燥的原

因，引出后文中对抗皮肤干燥以及解决问题的方法，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。

【17题详解】

由上文“Useahumidifier（加湿器）toincreasehumidity.（使用加湿器增加湿度）”可知，该段

提到了加湿器能在一定程度上改善皮肤干燥的状况，再由上文“Runahumidifierinyour

entirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevels

between30and50percent.（在你的整个家或你呆的时间最长的房间里安装一个加湿器，目标

是将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之间）”可知，加湿器可以将室内湿度保持在30%到50%之

间。C项Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou'resleeping.（一种选择是在你睡觉的时

候把它打开过夜）符合语境，其中it指代上文ahumidifier,有承上作用。故选C项。

【18题详解】

由上文“Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatas

soonasyougethome.（如果你想逃离干燥、寒冷的室外空气，你很可能一回家就打开暖

气）“可知，为了避寒可以打开暖气，E项Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouse

evendrier.（但是，高的中心热量会使你家的空气更加干燥。）符合语境，指出暖气会让皮肤

干燥。故选E项。

【19题详解】

由下文“Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercan

dryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahot

one.（在寒冷的时候，长时间的蒸汽淋浴听起来可能是个好主意，但热水会使皮肤变干。与

热水淋浴相比，5到10分钟的温水淋浴不太可能恶化干燥的皮肤）”以及"Youshouldalso

avoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwateror

coolwinteraircancauseaneczema（湿疹）.（你也应该避免用过热的水洗手。皮肤因暴露在热

水或凉爽的冬季空气中而干燥会导致湿疹）”可知，这里主要讲避免长时间热水洗澡和用过

热水洗手。D项Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.（降低淋浴和洗手

的水温。）符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选D项。

[20题详解】

由上文“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema（湿疹）.（你也应该避免用过热的水

洗手。皮肤因暴露在热水或凉爽的冬季空气中而干燥会导致湿疹。）”可知，这里主要讲避

免用过热的水洗手，F项Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytothe

skin.（冷水似乎同样有效，对皮肤更友好）符合语境，其中Coolerwater与上文excessively

hotwaterto对应，有承上作用。故选F项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。

DuringthefinaltermofmytheaterandperformancedegreeattheUniversityofLeeds,we

plannedto21someinteractiveworkshopswithelderlyresidentstotryto22

memoryandsocialengagement.

Irememberbeing23,awarethatwewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowere

almostnonverbal（不能说话的）.

Ihaddecidedtoplaymusicattheendofthesession.WewentwiththesongMyWay

24thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.

OnceIpressedplay,nearlyeveryoneintheroomstoodupand25whatseemedlike

everyword.Iwassodeeply26.Manyofthemwerecommunicatingmuchbetter.It

lookedandfeltlike27.

OffIwenttodramaschool,butIthoughtaboutthat28almostdaily.Sowhenwe

weregiventheopportunitytowriteascript（居U本）fora29festival,Icreatedalove

storyabout30anddementia（痴呆），spanning50yearsofacouple'slife.

Andnow,10yearslater,theshowI31isrunningagaininLondonthankstothe

MusicforDementiacampaign.

Inowknowthatmusic-basedinterventions（治疗）32theneedfor

antipsychoticmedication（抗精神病药物）inmorethan60percentofpeople33

dementia.Idon'tknowwhatmyMyWaywouldbe,butIcertainlythinkweshouldalltrytofind

our34anddoourbesttostayconnectedtothepeoplewe35itwith.

21.A.holdB.stopC.delayD.suspend

22.A.removeB.identifyC.inspireD.assess

23.A.thrilledB.nervous

C.ashamedD.delighted

24.A.untilB.unlessC.ifD.because

25.A.sangB.saidC.heardD.wrote

26.A.scaredB.movedC.amusedD.annoyed

27.A.artB.magicC.hopeD.mercy

28.A.problemB.goal

C.policyD.experience

29.A.theaterB.scienceC.flowerD.sports

30.A.waterB.fruitC.musicD.food

31.A.performedB.watchedC.recordedD.made

32.A.repeatB.protectC.reduceD.ignore

33.A.livingwithB.hearingof

C.escapingfromD.focusingon

34.A.showB.timeC.speechD.song

35.A.takeB.shareC.discussD.learn

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在利兹大学戏剧和表演专业的最后一个学期，

我们计划举办一些与老年居民的互动讲习班，通过音乐与这些老人建立联系，并且让他们的

交流变得更好。这段难忘的经历给作者后来的生活和工作带来了灵感。

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A

30.C31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B

[21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我在利兹大学戏剧和表演专业的最后一个学期，我们计划举

办一些与老年居民的互动讲习班，试图激发记忆和社会参与。A.hold举办；B.stop停止；

C.delay推迟；D.suspend暂停,悬挂。根据"someinteractiveworkshops”可知,此处表示

举办一些互动讲习班。故选A。

【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.remove移除；B.identify鉴定，确认；C.inspire激发；

D.assess进入。根据asomeinteractiveworkshops"和umemoryandsocialengagement可

知，举办一些与老年居民的互动讲习班，是为了激发记忆和社会参与。故选C。

【23题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得自己很紧张，意识到我们在和几乎不会说话的老人一

起工作。A.thrilled激动的，兴奋的；B.nervous紧张的；C.ashamed羞耻的；D.delighted

高兴的。根据"wewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowerealmostnonverbal（不能说话的）

可知，和几乎不能说话的老人一起工作，让作者感到紧张。故选B。

【24题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们选择了《MyWay》这首歌，因为那些上了年纪的居民可能

会在20多岁的时候听这首热门歌曲。A.until直到；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.because

因为。I艮据"thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.”

可知，此处解释作者选择《MyWay》这首歌的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故

选D。

【