河北省邢台市多校2024届高三年级下册模拟预测英语试卷(含答案)

河北省邢台市多校2024届高三下学期模拟预测英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

Keepingplantsathomeisahealthyandcomfortablewayoflife.Thefollowing

houseplantscancreateamostbeautifulpieceofgreenforyourhome.Bird5sNestFern（蕨）

Thebird'snestfernisagoodchoiceforanyonewithahousethatwouldn'tsupportsun­

lovingspecies.It'sahardyfernvarietyadaptingtolivingonforestfloors,wheretheairtends

tobecoolanddamp.Itlikestobemistedaswell,butthisdoesn'talwaysmeanyouneeda

mistingbottle一spraying（喷洒）itinthesinkorhangingitnearashoweroftenworksas

well.ChineseMoneyPlant

Thisisafloweringspeciesthatmightbemostappropriateforexperiencedplant

gardenerslookingforanewchallenge.Itprefersamoderateamountofindirectlight,and

tendstodryoutslightlybetweenwateringsessions.Itproducesnewplantseasilywithoutany

input,directlyfromitsrootsystem.Thesecancoexistinthesamepotfora

time.ResurrectionPlant

ThisnativeoftheMexicandeserthasadaptedtosurvivinginextremedroughtby

curling（蜷缩）intoaballandremaininginseeminglylifelessstateforyears,ifnecessary.In

thisform,itcanbetransportedbythewindacrossthedrylandscapetoareaswithwater.It

willrevivewithinhoursinashallowbowlofwater,unfoldingandtransformingintoafresh

andgreenmoss（苔葬）.SnakePlant

Thisisastrikinghouseplantthatcanbeanespeciallygoodoptionfornewplantowners

whoyoumightnottrusttokeepaplantalive.Itgrowshappilyinalmostanycondition.While

itprefersbrightlight,itdoesn'tmindshadeorevenartificiallight.Plus,thankstoitsthick,

fleshyleaves,itstoreswaterwithremarkableefficiency,whichmakesitsurvivewithout

waterintheearth.

1.Whatisspecialaboutthebird'snestfern?

A.Itprefersshade.B.Itissun-loving.

C.Ittendstogrowinthesink.D.Itcanreturntolifeafterdeath.

2.Whichplantwilltestitsowner9sgardeningskillmost?

A.Bird'snestfem.B.Chinesemoneyplant.

C.Resurrectionplant.D.Snakeplant.

3.Whatdoresurrectionplantandsnakeplanthaveincommon?

A.Theydemandattentiveowners.B.Theyareverydrought-tolerant.

C.Theywillcurlforself-protection.D.Theycanstorewaterfordrought.

Giventhatcancerisoneofthedeadliestdiseasesoutthere,anynewdevelopmentinour

fightagainstitishighlypraiseworthy.ThelatestbreakthroughwasmadebyHemanBekelein

2023,a14-year-oldstudentfromVirginia.Thestudenthascreatedabarsoaptotreatskin

cancer.Now,hisfindingshaveearnedhimthetitleofAmerica'sTopYoungScientist.

Bekeleremembershealwayssawpeoplewhowereconstantlyhitbytheglaringsunas

achild.Ashegrewupandbegantorealizetheriskslikeskincancerwereassociatedwithsun

exposure,theboydecidedtocomeupwithsolutions.

Whilesimilartreatmentsareavailable,Bekelehopedtoworkonamoreaffordable

alternative,especiallyforthoseindevelopingcountries."Iwantedtomakemyidea

somethingthatnotonlywasgreatintermsofsciencebutalsocouldbenefitasmanypeople

aspossible,“Bekelesays.Itisoftenthesimplesolutionsthatarethemosteffectivebecause

soapisadailyroutineformostpeople.

WiththeguidanceofDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,Bekelemade

hissoapbymixingregularsoapwithcompounds（化合物）thatslowlyreactivatedendritic

（枝状的）cells.Whenthesoapisapplied,itreleasestoll-likereceptorsintoourskin.These

receptorsattachontodendriticcellswhichreactivatethem.Thereactivateddendriticcells

thenjoinwithTNiol2cellstofightcancercells.Ratherthanacure,Bekele9ssoapaimsto

helppeople'simmunecellsstayactivewhilefightingskincancer.

Fornow,theyoungscientisthopestoimprovehisinventionandcreateanon-profitto

distributethesoapamongthosewhoneeditmost."Ibelievethatyoungmindscanmakea

positiveimpactontheworld,“Bekelesaid."Ihaveastrongdesiretoknowhowthephysical

worldworksandhowtoimprovethelivesofitsinhabitants,andthischallengegivesmethe

perfectplatformtoshowcasemyideas.”

4.WhyisBekele'schildhoodexperiencementionedinparagraph2?

A.Toshowhisgeniusforscientificcreation.

B.Toexpresspeople'seagernessforhissoap.

C.Toexplainhismotivationtocreatethesoap.

D.Toremindpeopleoftheirsimilarmemories.

5.WhatdoesBekeleexpectabouthissoap?

A.Itcanbeadmirableforthedesign.

B.Itcanbeavailabletomorepeople.

C.Itwillbeeffectiveincuringanycancer.

D.Itwillbepioneeringintermsofscience.

6.Whatisparagraph4centeredon?

A.Thetreatmentprincipleofthesoap.

B.Thedamagecausedbyskincancer.

C.Thepreventionmeasuresofskincancer.

D.Theprofessionalevaluationofthesoap.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?

A.Creativeandloyal.B.Ambitiousandplain.

C.Curiousandadaptable.D.Sympatheticandcurious.

California^WaterResourcesControlBoardrecentlyapprovednewregulationsina

unanimous（一致同意的）vote-toiletorshowerwastewaterwillberecycledandpumped

intothepublicdrinkingwatersystem.

In2023,morethan97%ofCaliforniahasbeeninmoderatetoseveredrought,while

watersuppliersarestrugglingtokeepup.A2022watersupplyanddemandreportindicated

thataround18%ofwatersupplierswereatriskoffacingpotentialshortages.“Therealityis

thatanyoneoutthereonMississippiRiverandonColoradoRiver,andanyoneoutthere

takingdrinkingwaterdownstreamisalreadydrinking"toilettotap',"saidEsquivel,adirector

oftheBoard.

Earlyinthe1990s,thestatewasstrugglingtoovercomethedistasteitsresidentshad

towarddrinkingrecycledwater.Theireffortsfizzledoutwhenthephrase“toilettotap”

caughtonandmetwithfierceresistance.Theideabecametoounpopulartobeimplemented.

Despitethenegativename,theregulationsarethekeytoensuringthesupplyofdrinking

water.

California^newregulationswouldletwateragenciestotreatwastewater,andthenputit

backintothedrinkingwatersystem.Ithastakenofficialsmorethan10yearstodevelopthese

regulations,aprocessthatincludedseveralstudiesbyindependentgroupsofscientists.Toput

theschemeintoeffectandbuildhugewaterrecyclingplants,however,wateragenciessay

theywillneedtoprovetopeoplethatrecycledwaterisnotonlysafetodrinkbutalsounder

monitoring.

Thenewregulationsrequirethewastewaterbetreatedforallbacteriaandviruses.Infact,

thetreatmentissointensethatitremovesallofthemineralsthatmakefreshdrinkingwater

tastegood.Thatmeansthemineralsneedtobeaddedbackattheendoftheprocess."What

wehaveherearestandards,science,andimportantlymonitoringthatallowustohavesafe

purewater,andprobablybetterinmanyinstances/9saidEsquivel.Headdedthatittakestime

andmoneytobuildthesetreatmentcenters.So,theywillonlybeavailableforbiggercitiesat

first.

8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?

A.TohighlightthecurrentsevereclimatecrisisinCalifornia.

B.TodescribetheroleofCalifornia'snewwaterregulations.

C.TorevealthedistributionofwaterresourcesinCalifornia.

D.ToshowtheurgencyofwatersupplyreforminCalifornia.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fizzledout“inparagraph3mean?

A.Failed.B.Worked.C.Stoodout.D.Paidoff.

10.Whatiscriticalforwateragenciestoconducttherecyclingwastewaterproject?

A.Policiesfromthegovernment.B.Therecognitionbythepublic.

C.Scientificresearchonwastewater.D.Theconstructionofrecyclingplants.

11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Themineralswillbepreservedinthetreatment.

B.Thetreatmentcenterswillbebuiltinruralareas.

C.Therecycledwaterseemstobeofbetterquality.

D.Bacteriawillbeproducedinthetreatingprocess.

Extendedproducerresponsibility(EPR)referstoapolicyapproachwhereproducersare

givenresponsibilityfortheenvironmentalimpactsoftheirproductsthroughouttheproduct

lifecycle.Basedonthepolluterpaysprinciple,thisapproachrequiresproducerstofinancethe

costsofrecyclingordisposingofproductsthatconsumersnolongerwant.Itaimstoshiftthe

costsassociatedwiththemanagementofdealingwithsolidwasteawayfromthelocal

government.

ThetermEPRwasfirstcoinedin1990byaSwedishprofessor,ThomasLindhqvist,who

introducedtheideaofproducersbeingresponsiblefortheirproductstotheSwedishMinistry

oftheEnvironment.ThefirstexampleofEPRcameinGermanyin1991,where

manufacturerspickeduphouseholdpackagingalongsidemunicipalwastecollections.Since

1990,countriesaroundtheworldhaveadoptedEPRpoliciesaroundkeysectorssuchas

packaging,electronics,batteries,andvehicles.

EPRcreatesafinancialmotivationforproducerstodesignproductsthatlastlongerand

canberecycled.ThisisbecauseEPRplacestheend-of-lifecostsontheproducer.EPRhas

historicallybeensuccessfulinthemanagingofproductsthatposeriskstocommunitiessuch

asbatteries,paintandoldmedicines.EPRhasledmanyproducerstoredesigntheseitemsto

reducetheirrisks.Finally,duetoERPclosingtheloop（循环）onmaterialsmanagement,this

approachusesmuchlessenergythanittakestoproduceitemsfromthebeginning.

However,criticsofEPRhaveissueswithproducersaddingrecyclingcoststotheinitial

pricetagofaproduct.Anotherdisadvantageisthatattheinternationallevel,itcannegatively

affectimportstocountriesthathavestrictEPRpoliciesasproducersinothercountrieswill

notwanttobesubjecttoextrafeesfromthesepolicies.Additionally,itrestrictscompetition

atthelocallevelasproducerswhotakeontheextracoststoaccommodateEPRpoliciesare

atacompetitivedisadvantagetothosewhoareabletobendtherulesandgetoutofpaying

thesecosts.

12.WhomaybemostinfavorofthepolicyEPR?

A.Thelocalgovernment.B.Theproducers.

C.Theendconsumers.D.Theretailtraders.

13.WhataretheproducerslikelytodounderthepolicyEPR?

A.Cutdowntheirsellingcosts.B.Increaseproductioncapacity.

C.Producesustainableproducts.D.Reproduceout-of-dategoods.

14.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor'sattitudetothepolicyEPR?

A.Tolerant.B.Objective.C.Conservative.D.Suspicious.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheConstantlyVaryingPolicyEPR

B.ChallengesofEPRImplementation

C.HoldingBackGlobalTradeandCompetition:EPR

D.ReducingWasteandShiftingResponsibilities:EPR

二、七选五

16.Thephilosophyofminimalismadvocateslivingwithless.①Whereas,

livingaminimalist（简约主义者）lifestylehelpsreduceyourattachmenttophysicalthings,

improveyourmentalhealthandyoursatisfactionwithwhatyoudohave.Youcanembrace

suchalifestyleinthefollowingaspects.Physicalspace

Attheheartofminimalistlivingliesthepracticeofclearingawayclutter（杂舌L）inyour

physicalspace.Thisincludesatransformativeprocessnotonlytidyingbutalsodevelopinga

mindfulrelationshipwithpossessions.Youmaystartwiththemostfrequentlyusedspacesin

yourhome.②Keepthosethatcarrysomemeaning,andgetridofthosethat

don't

Thisinvolvesashiftfromimpulsive（容易冲动的）buyingtointentionalacquisition.

Beforemakingapurchase,clothingforexample,reflectonwhethertheitemagreeswithyour

usualstyleandservesagenuineneed.Considerationshouldbegiventothelongevityand

qualityoftheitem,promotingamindsetthatprioritizesqualityoverquantity.Time

minimalism

（4）Assessyourcommitments,identifyingthosethatcontributepositivelyto

personalgrowth,fulfilmentandwell-being.Thisintentionalapproachtotimepromotesa

senseofempowerment,allowingyoutofocusonwhattrulymatterswhilelettinggoofnon-

essentialengagements.Mindfuleating

Mindfuleatingbeginswithpayingattentiontohungerandsatiety（饱足），allowingusto

respondtoourbody'sneedsratherthanexternalstimulilikeflavorsandtextures（口感）of

eachmeal.Besides,mindfuleatingencouragesustoenjoyeachbiteandappreciatethe

sensoryexperienceofeating.⑤

A.Minimalistclothing

B.Mindfulconsumption

C.Itisaboutconsciouslyinvestingyourtime

D.Theresultisalivingspacereflectingyourpersonality

E.Inaworldthatoftencelebratesabundance,itstandsasacontrast

F.Thismattersespeciallyinacultureoftencharacterizedbyrushedmeals

G.Whendoingit,youwillfindyourselfquestioningthenecessityofeachitem

三、完形填空（15空）

Observingthenaturalworldisawonderfulwayoflearningmoreaboutourselves.

ElisabethBaileyfound]fromhertiniestandslowestfriendfromnature,awoodland

snail（蜗牛）.

Youmaynotknowawoodlandsnail'sshelladdslayersasitages,andthatithas2,462

teeth.Baileyknewwellaboutsuch2detailsaboutthetinycreaturebecauseforyears,

thiswoodlandnailwasher3companion.

Attheageof34,Baileysufferedaseriousillnesswhich4herinbedforalong

time.AsBailey'sabilityto5declined,shehadlittlechoicebutto6theslowlane

（跑道）withthewoodlandsnailthatafriendhadleftonherbedsidetable.

“Ithadevolveditslong7mechanisms（机制）andwillprobablybeonEarthmuch

longerthanhumans.uIts8outweighsitsfigure:Asnailcanglideeffortlesslyrightupa

treetrunkorawallwithoutanyotherequipment/9saidBailey.

OnthedaysBaileywasunabletoengageinthenormalhumanworld,shewas9in

theworldofthesnail.Inthe10spacetheybothinhabited,Baileywitnessedthesnail

growing.Sheobserveditshabits,suchasits11tosleepduringthedayandadventureat

night.

Anditwasduringthisyearofslowingdownand12thatthesnailtaughtBaileyan

importantlesson."Thislittleanimalhadbeen13fromitshabitat,anditwasableto

14ItssuchabilityconvincedmethatIwouldeventuallymakeittoadapttomyillness

15

17.A.comfortB.trustC.loveD.fault

18.A.beneficialB.decisiveC.minuteD.regular

19.A.previousB.politicalC.cruelD.constant

20.A.replacedB.trappedC.persuadedD.arrested

21.A.applaudB.createC.moveD.calculate

22.A.joinB.passC.findD.measure

23.A.reviewB.defenseC.deliveryD.survival

24.A.patienceB.strengthC.headD.tooth

25.A.sunkB.struckC.releasedD.cheated

26.A.sufficientB.alienC.silentD.available

27.A.curiosityB.courageC.abilityD.tendency

28.A.migratingB.noticingC.mixingD.exposing

29.A.removedB.rescuedC.drivenD.freed

30.A.fadeawayB.breakdownC.fitinD.cometo

31.A.otherwiseB.somehowC.insteadD.indeed

四、短文填空

32.Gatheringafewclosefriendsandembarkingonadelightfulstroll（闲逛）through

thecitystreetshasbecomeafavoredactivityamongyoungpeopleinChina.

Referredto①citywalk,thistrendinvolvesleisurelywanderingaroundurban

areasonfoot.Participantsfollowuniqueandurbanroutes,immersing(使沉浸于)②

(they)intheatmosphere,discoveringhistoricbuildingsandexploringauthentic

localsnacks.

Citywalkcanbea③(guide)tourforsmallgroupsorarelaxedstrollfor

individuals,withthecommongoalofsteeringclearof(避开)populartouristspotsandlarge

crowds,ensuring(4)moreinclusiveexperienceofthevisitedplaces.Across

variousChinesesocialmediaplatforms,Citywalkhashtagsandkeywordshavebecome©

(significant)popularasmoreindividualsseektosharetheirexperiencesand

thoughtsonline.

⑥(originate)inprominentcitieslikeBeijingandShanghai,thecitywalk

phenomenonhasbeguntospreadtosecond-andthird-tiercitiesinChina,inspiringgreater©

(participate)amongbothattendeesandeventorganizers.Someorganizerseven

invitefolkcultureenthusiastsandresearcherstoactastourguides.Citywalknotonlyfosters

adeeperconnectionbetweenyoungindividualsandthecitybutalsooffersanewsocial

landscape®_________like-mindedpeoplecaneasilymakefriends.

Inthepastmonths,incertainregionslikeBeijingandShandongProvince,citywalk®

(combine)withculturaltourismandleisuretourinitiatives.Shanghaihas

launchedcitywalkroutesthatutilizepublicbustransportation,enablingday-trippers(W)

(reach)far-flungdistrictseasilyandcontinuetheirexplorationonfoot.

五、书面表达

33.同普通话一样，地方方言也是我们中华文化的重要组成部分。请你以“ProtectAnd

PassOnOurDialects”为题写一篇短文向你校英语报文化专栏投稿，内容包括：

1.地方方言的发展现状；

2.地方方言的重要作用；

3.呼吁大家保护地方方言。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

参考词汇：普通话mandarin

ProtectAndPassOnOurDialects

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

Ourcharacterwillformwithoutaguidebookandtypicallywithoutourknowledgeuntil

wearefacedwithasituationthatrequiresourintentionalthoughtandaction.These

experiencescanbeacatalyst(催化齐(J)toourpositivegrowthandimpactwhoweareand

whatwebecome.

Myregrettable"meangirl“momenthappenedwhenIwasineighthgrade.AsHalloween

approachedthatyear,myclassmatePaisley,ashyyetkindgirl,askedmeifIwouldplay

trick-or-treatwithher.Ijumpedattheinvitation,untilanothermoreactiveandpopulargirl,

Violet,invitedmetojoinhergrouplater.IwasmoreinclinedtojoinVioletbecauseIthought

rdexperienceamorecheerfulatmosphere.ThenImadeanunkinddecision,lyingtoPaisley

thatmyparentsaskedmetostayathometopassoutcandy.

IrememberthatfeelingofshamebegantoforminmyheartasIdeliveredthisdishonest

excuse.However,thatlittlevoiceofconsciencequicklyfadedasIbegantopreparemy

costumeandplansfortheevening.Unexpectedly,whilewewereplayingtrick-or-treat,I

experiencedamomentofpureembarrassmentandshamewhenIfoundmyselffacetoface

withPaisley.Thelookofhurtanddisappointmentonherfacewhenshesawmewithanother

groupofgirlslingeredinmymind.

Inthedaysthatfollowed,wedidn'tinteractatschool.IknewIhadhurtherdeeply.Her

absenceinmylifemademerealizejusthowmuchherfriendshipmeanttome.Theguilt

weighedheavilyonmyconscienceasIreflectedonmyselfishbehavior.

Oneday,asIwassittingaloneintheschoolcafeteria,IsawPaisleywalkin.Shelooked

hesitant,asifunsurewhethertoapproachmeornot.Myheartracedwithanticipationand

nervousnessasIwatchedhermakingherwaytowardsmytable.Ipreparedmyselfforher

angeranddisappointment.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Tomysurprise,Paisleysmiledwarmlyandaskedifshecouldjoinme.

AsIlookbackonthatregrettable“meangirl“moment,Iamgratefulforthegrowthit

broughtintomylife.

参考答案

1.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据Bird'sNestFern部分介绍中的第一句"Thebird'snestfemisa

goodchoiceforanyonewithahousethatwouldn'tsupportsun-lovingspecies.5,（对于那些

家里不支持喜欢阳光的物种的人来说，Bird'snestfern是一个很好的选择）可知，

BircTsnestfem对那些房屋不适合种植喜阳植物的人来说是个不错的选择。由此可知，

bird'snestfern是喜阴植物。故选A项。

2.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据ChineseMoneyPlant部分介绍中的第一句"Thisisaflowering

speciesthatmightbemostappropriateforexperiencedplantgardenerslookingforanew

challenge."（这是一个开花的物种，可能是最适合有经验的植物园丁寻找一个新的挑

战）可知，Chinesemoneyplant可能最适合正在寻找新的挑战的有经验的园艺师。由

此可知，这种植物最考验主人的园艺技能。故选B项。

3.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据ResurrectionPlant部分介绍中的第一句"Thisnativeofthe

Mexicandeserthasadaptedtosurvivinginextremedroughtbycurling（蜷缩）intoaballand

remaininginseeminglylifelessstateforyears,ifnecessary.^^（这种原产于墨西哥沙漠的植

物已经适应了在极端干旱中生存，它们蜷缩成一个球，如果必要的话，会在看似没有

生命的状态下保持数年。）和SnakePlant部分介绍中的最后一句“Plus,thankstoits

thick,fleshyleaves,itstoreswaterwithremarkableefficiency,whichmakesitsurvive

withoutwaterintheearth.^^（此外，由于它厚厚的肉质叶子，它储存水分的效率非常

高，这使得它在没有水的情况下也能生存。）可知，这两种植物都耐旱。故选B项。

4.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Bekeleremembershealwayssawpeoplewhowere

constantlyhitbytheglaringsunasachild.Ashegrewupandbegantorealizetheriskslike

skincancerwereassociatedwithsunexposure,theboydecidedtocomeupwithsolutions.5,

（贝克勒记得他小时候经常看到有人被刺眼的太阳晒伤。当他长大后，开始意识到皮

肤癌等风险与阳光暴晒有关，这个男孩决定想出解决办法。）可推知，第二段中提到

了贝克勒的童年经历是为了解释他创造肥皂的动机。故选C项。

5.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whilesimilartreatmentsareavailable,Bekelehoped

toworkonamoreaffordablealternative,especiallyforthoseindevelopingcountries.'T

wantedtomakemyideasomethingthatnotonlywasgreatintermsofsciencebutalsocould

benefitasmanypeopleaspossible,5,Bekelesays."（虽然有类似的治疗方法，但贝克勒希

望研究出一种更实惠的替代方法，特别是为发展中国家的人。贝克勒说：“我想让我的

想法不仅在科学方面很伟大，而且可以使尽可能多的人受益。”）可知，贝克勒希望研

制出一种更经济实惠的对抗皮肤癌的方法，让尽可能多的人受益。故选B项。

6.答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whenthesoapisapplied,itreleasestoll-likereceptors

intoourskin.Thesereceptorsattachontodendriticcellswhichreactivatethem.The

reactivateddendriticcellsthenjoinwithTNiol2cellstofightcancercells.Ratherthana

cure,Bekele5ssoapaimstohelppeople'simmunecellsstayactivewhilefightingskin

cancer."（当使用肥皂时，它会释放toll样受体到我们的皮肤中。这些受体附着在树突

细胞上，使它们重新激活。重新激活的树突状细胞然后与TN-iol2细胞联合起来对抗

癌细胞。比起治愈，贝克勒的肥皂旨在帮助人们的免疫细胞保持活跃，同时对抗皮肤

癌。）可知，第四段介绍了贝克勒制作抗癌肥皂的方法，以及它在使用时的治疗原

理。故选A项。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Fornow,theyoungscientisthopestoimprovehis

inventionandcreateanon-profittodistributethesoapamongthosewhoneeditmost.'T

believethatyoungmindscanmakeapositiveimpactontheworld,5,Bekelesaid."Ihavea

strongdesiretoknowhowthephysicalworldworksandhowtoimprovethelivesofits

inhabitants,andthischallengegivesmetheperfectplatformtoshowcasemyideas.^^^^（现

在，这位年轻的科学家希望改进他的发明，并创建一个非营利组织，将这种肥皂分发

给最需要它的人。贝克勒说：“我相信年轻人可以对世界产生积极的影响。”“我非常想

知道物质世界是如何运作的，以及如何改善居民的生活，这个挑战给了我一个完美的

平台来展示我的想法。”）可知，贝克希望改进他的发明，并创建一个非营利组织，将

抗癌肥皂分发给最需要的人。同时，他说他自己渴望探索世界，造福于人。由此可

知，他是一个富有同情心并且充满好奇心的人。故选D项。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In2023,morethan97%ofCaliforniahasbeenin

moderatetoseveredrought,whilewatersuppliersarestrugglingtokeepup.A2022water

supplyanddemandreportindicatedthataround18%ofwatersupplierswereatriskoffacing

potentialshortages."TherealityisthatanyoneoutthereonMississippiRiverandon

ColoradoRiver,andanyoneouttheretakingdrinkingwaterdownstreamisalreadydrinking

"toilettotapsaidEsquivel,adirectoroftheBoard.（2023年,力口州超过97%的地区处于

中度至重度干旱状态，而供水商正在努力跟上。一份2022年的供水和需求报告显示，

约18%的供水商面临潜在短缺的风险。“现实情况是，密西西比河和科罗拉多河上的任

何人，以及任何在下游饮用饮用水的人，都已经在喝'从厕所到水龙头’的水，”董事会

董事埃斯基维尔说厂可推知，第二段目的在于表明加州供水改革的紧迫性。故选D。

9.答案：A

解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“whenthephrase“toilettotap“caughtonandmet

withfierceresistance”可知，"toilettotap”这个词出现时遭到激烈抵制，这个理念太不

受欢迎以至于无法付诸实践，即失败了。故划线词fizzledout意为“失败工故选A。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判断题，根据第四段“Toputtheschemeintoeffectandbuildhugewater

recyclingplants,however,wateragenciessaytheywillneedtoprovetopeoplethatrecycled

waterisnotonlysafetodrinkbutalsoundermonitoring.（然而，为了实施该计划并建设大

型水循环厂，水务部门表示，他们需要向人们证明，再生水不仅可以安全饮用，而且

还需要受到监控厂可知，水务机构进行废水循环再造计划的关键是公众的认可。故选

Bo

11.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whatwehaveherearestandards,science,and

importantlymonitoringthatallowustohavesafepurewater,andprobablybetterinmany

instances（我们现在拥有的是标准、科学和重要的监测，让我们拥有安全纯净的水，在

许多情况下可能会更好厂可推知，循环饮用水质量可能会更好。故选C。

12.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Basedonthepolluterpaysprinciple,thisapproach

requiresproducerstofinancethecostsofrecyclingordisposingofproductsthatconsumers

nolongerwant.Itaimstoshiftthecostsassociatedwiththemanagementofdealingwith

solidwasteawayfromthelocalgovemment.^^（根据污染者付费原则，这种方法要求生产

者为回收或处理消费者不再需要的产品的成本提供资金。它的目的是将与处理固体废

物管理相关的成本从地方政府转移出去。）可推知，当地政府最可能支持政策性的环

境评估。故选A项。

13.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“EPRcreatesafinancialmotivationforproducersto

designproductsthatlastlongerandcanberecycled.（EPR为生产者创造了一种经济动

机，促使他们设计寿命更长、可回收的产品。）可知，生产商在政策环境责任下可能

会生产可持续产品。故选C项。

14.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"EPRhashistoricallybeensuccessfulinthemanaging

ofproductsthatposeriskstocommunitiessuchasbatteries,paintandoldmedicines.EPR

hasledmanyproducerstoredesigntheseitemstoreducetheirrisks.Finally,duetoERP

closingtheloop（循环）onmaterialsmanagement,thisapproachusesmuchlessenergythan

ittakestoproduceitemsfromthebeginning.^^（EPR历来在管理对社区构成风险的产品

（如电池、油漆和旧药品）方面取得了成功。EPR促使许多生产商重新设计这些产品，

以降低风险。最后，由于ERP关闭了物料管理的循环，这种方法比从一开始就生产所

需的能源要少得多。）可知，介绍了EPR政策的优点。以及最后一段中“However,

criticsofEPRhaveissueswithproducersaddingrecyclingcoststotheinitialpricetagofa

product.Anotherdisadvantageisthatattheinternationallevel,itcannegativelyaffect

importstocountriesthathavestrictEPRpoliciesasproducersinothercountrieswillnot

wanttobesubjecttoextrafeesfromthesepolicies."（然而，批评EPR的人士对生产商将

回收成本加到产品的初始价格标签上提出了质疑。另一个不利因素是，在国际层面

上，它可能会对实施严格的EPR政策的国家的进口产生负面影响，因为其他国家的生

产商不希望从这些政策中收取额外费用。）可知，介绍了EPR的缺点。由此可知，作

者对这项政策是持客观态度的。故选B项。

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Extendedproducerresponsibility（EPR）

referstoapolicyapproachwhereproducersaregivenresponsibilityfortheenvironmental

impactsoftheirproductsthroughouttheproductlifecycle.Basedonthepolluterpays

principle,thisapproachrequiresproducerstofinance