北京市房山区2024届高三年级下册一模英语试卷(含答案)

北京市房山区2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一,完形填空

EmilyBhatnagarlivesinGaithersburg,Maryland.Shehasalwaysloved1Asareally

shygirl,shealwaysturnedtobooks,whichsortofbecameherbestfriendswhenshedidn't

haveone.In2019,whenherdadwasdiagnosedwithcancer,itwasadifficulttimeforher

familyandbooksbecameanevenbigger2Shestartedthinkingaboutpeoplein3

situations.

Whenherfatherrecovered,shehadoverwhelminggratitudetothedoctorsforperforming

suchamiracle,butalsoahintofsadnessaboutkidswhowerefightingthesamebattle.At

thatverymoment,shecameupwithaplan.Shewantedtodothingsforthe4.

ShestartedabookdrivecalledForLove&Buttercupinherhometown.Thegoalwas

to5booksandgivethemtokidsbeingtreatedforcancerinlocalhospitals.Atfirst,Emily

hadnoideahowmuch6herworkwouldget.Shestartedbypostingonsocialmedia,

askingpeopleinherareato7Shewasexpectingmaybetwoorthree8from

neighbors,butitendedupblowingup,9whennewsstationsbeganreportingit.Sincethe

startofthebookdrive,Emilyhascollectedmorethan10,000books.

NowEmilycontinuestorunthebookdrive.Shehopesto10theprojectonedayto

reachmorekids.Thememoryofthefirsttimeshevisitedchildrenwho'dreceivedherbooks

stickswithher."Itwasthebestdayofmylife/9shesays."IrealizedIwantedtodothistype

ofworkforever.99

1.A.readingB.postingC.drivingD.writing

2.A.friendB.projectC.guideD.comfort

3.A.severeB.similarC.simpleD.shocking

4.A.hospitalsB.schoolsC.neighbourhoodD.committee

5.A.purchaseB.collectC.distributeD.exhibit

6.A.attentionB.intentionC.discussionD.rejection

7.A.spreadB.donateC.promoteD.approve

8.A.commentsB.likesC.lettersD.responses

9.A.naturallyB.automaticallyC.especiallyD.specifically

10.A.expandB.evaluateC.manageD.monitor

二、短文填空

11.Humankind'sgrowingneedforfoodisrunningupagainstthousandsofotherspecies9

needforspace.By2050,humansmayneedtoclearanadditional3.35millionsquare①

(kilometer)oflandforagriculture.②(transform)theselargelynatural

habitatswouldsqueezemorethan17,000vertebratespeciesfromsomeoftheirlands.But

changinghowandwherefood(3)(grow)canminimizetheimpacts.66Wecanfeedthe

planetwithoutmessingituptoobadly,“saysconservationscientistDavidWilliams.

12.SaturdaynotonlymarkedthelastdayofChina's2024SpringFestivalholiday,but

alsoclosedouttheeight-daydomesticfilmperiod,①endedstronglyasthehighest-

grossingChineseNewYearholidayinthehistoryofdomesticcinema.Accordingtoareport,

over163millionpeople②(go)tocinemas,a26%increasefromthe2023Spring

Festivalholiday.Andbox-officesalesreachedmorethan8billionyuan,up18%(3)

(compare)tolastyear'sholidayperiod.

13.Thedragon,afamousbeastbornfromfantasy,①(exercise)aholdon

people'simaginationovercenturies.IntraditionalChineseculture,adragonisasymbolof

luck,powerandhighstatus.Theycancauseweatherchangesandbringrainfalltothefields

②(ensure)richharvests.Therefore,tosymbolizetheirpower,ancientChinese

emperorsdecoratedtheirclothes(3)dragonpatterns.ManyChineseviewthedragon

asanationalsymbol,(4)(proud)referringtothemselvesas"descendantsofthe

dragon".

三、阅读理解

VolunteerinAfrica

DreamingofvolunteeringinAfrica?InternationalVolunteerHQ(IVHQ)willenableyou

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CommonquestionsaboutvolunteeringinAfrica

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Wehaveacomprehensiveapproachtomanagingsafetyandreducingrisksacrossallofour

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ApplyingtovolunteerinAfricaissimple!Onceyou'vedecidedwhichcountryyouwantto

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takesafewminutesandthereisnocommitmentneededatthisstage.OurteamofVolunteer

TravelSpecialistswillthenguideyouthroughthenextstepstosecureyourspotandstart

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14.InAfrica,IVHQvolunteerscan.

A.manageconstructionprojectsB.organizeprogramorientation

C.workaslanguageteachersD.undertakefirstaidtraining

15.WhatdoesIVHQprovidetoensurethesafetyofvolunteers?

A.Vblunteerprojectssuitableforall.B.Anonlinepre-departuretraining.

C.Well-trainedlocalcommunities.D.Lecturesonculturaldifference.

16.Whichofthefollowingshouldbedoneattheapplicationstage?

A.Selectingcountriesandprojects.B.Obtainingpassportsandvisas.

C.Makingsomecommitments.D.Arrangingaccommodations.

ThatdaywhenLudwigvanBeethovendiedwasoneofthesaddestofmylife.Ihadstayed

withhimformorethantwentyyearsandlivedthroughmanyofhishappiestmomentsandhis

triumphsaswellashismostunhappytimes.

Hewasn't,however,theeasiestofmentoworkfor.Hismoodswerechangeablesothathe

couldbereasonableatonemomentbutmostimpatientandintolerantatthenext.Allthese

problemsbeganin1802whenhediscoveredhislossofhearingwasnottemporary.

Thelossofhearingbroughthimtoacrossroadsinhislife.Itwasthenthatherealizedthat

hisfuturelayincomposingmusic.Luckily,althoughhisdeafnessbroughthimfearand

anxiety,hewasabletousetheseemotionstoinspirehiswork.

Dealingwithhisinnerproblemsandworries,hismusicwasobviouslysubjective,which

wasnotthemostpopulartypeofitstime.Butpeoplerecognizedhisgreatness.Theydidso

evenwhentheyknewhecouldnotacknowledgeit.Whenhewasconductinghisninthand

lastsymphonyonitsfirstperformancehewastotallydeaf.Sohejustdidn'trealizethatthe

musichadfinishedandcontinuedtoconducttheorchestra.Oneofthesingershadtoturnhim

roundsohecouldreceivethecheersoftheaudience.Fromoneangleitwasasadmoment

butfromanotheritwasanevengreatertriumph.Thatamanwithsuchaconditioncouldhave

writtensuchdynamicmusicwasoverwhelming!ItbroughttearstomyeyestothinkthatI

hadcontributedinsomesmallwaybylookingafterhim.

Hedressedratherlikeawildmanhimself.Hishairwasalwaysuntidy,hisskinmarked

withspotsandhismouthsetinadownwardcurve.Hetooknocareofhisappearanceand

walkedaroundourcitywithhisclothescarelesslyarranged.Thiswasbecausehewas

concentratingonhisnextcomposition.

Helpinghimmovehousemanytimes,preparinghismealsandlookingafterhiseveryday

comfortsweremyrewardforalifelivingsoclosetosuchamusicalgenius.Iconsidermyself

aluckyman!

17.TheauthorwasmostlikelytobeBeethoven's.

A.studentB.doctorC.servantD.relative

18.Whatcanbelearnedfromthispassage?

A.Beethoven'smusicwasunderestimatedatthattime.

B.Beethoven'sworkwasinspiredbyhisfearandanger.

C.Beethoven9smusicstayedinstepwiththemainstreammusicofthetime.

D.Beethovenlosthisabilitytohearwhenfirstconductinghisninthsymphony.

19.WhydidtheauthortearinParagraph4?

A.Becausetheperformancewasacompletesuccess.

B.BecauseheplayedapartinBeethoven'ssuccess.

C.BecauseBeethovenwascompletelydeafthen.

D.BecausetheaudiencecheeredforBeethoven.

20.Accordingtotheauthor,Beethovencouldbedescribedas.

A.intolerantbutcheerfulB.stubbornbutreasonable

C.changeablebutdedicatedD.unsociablebuteasy-going

Clinicalintuitionisfinallygettingtherespectitmayhavelongdeserved.Newresearchis

supportingaprocessthatcombinesrapidjudgmentsandperceptionsthatoccuroutsideof

consciousawareness——awayofknowingsomethingwithoutknowinghowyouknowit.The

valueofclinicalintuitioninmedicineisnowbeingstudiedandbecomingparticularly

relevantasinterestgrowsindevelopingAIsystemsthatcananalyzemedicaldatatodiagnose

ortreatpatients.

Astudyin2023foundthatclinicalintuitionfromphysiotherapistsontheprognosisfor

functionalrecoveryamongpatientswascloselyassociatedwiththerecoveryafterwards.

Anotherstudyconcludedthatincomparisontorelyingonlyonclinicaldata,“preoperative

surgeonintuitionaloneisanindependentpredictorofpatientoutcomes.^^

“Thisisacognitiveprocess.Clinicalintuitionisaboutexpertise,knowledge,andpattern

recognitionthataccumulatethroughexperience.Themindisputtingtogetherallkindsof

informationandsequencingitinwaysthatsaythispersonisreallysick——ornot,“says

MeredithVanstone,anassociateprofessorinMcMasterUniversity.Giventhedepthofthis

cognitiveprocess,someexpertsareskepticalthatAItechnologycanmakemedicaldecisions

aswellasahumanphysician.

“Asphysiciansgothroughyearsofinteractionswithpatientsandseeingthousandsofcases,

thosegutfeelingsbecomeasortofsummarystatementofalltheexperiencesthey'veseen,“

saysMohammadGhassemi,aresearcheratMichiganStateUniversity."Clinicianscan

observedifferentthingsthatarenotalwayscapturedormadeavailablebymachines.99

Researchersfoundthatphysiciansandnursespracticinginamedicalspecialtyinvolvinga

highlikelihoodofanemergencyordimensionsofcomplexityaremorelikelytouseintuitive

decision-makingintheirpractice.taAssurgeons,thefirstthingweneedtodoislookatthe

patientbecausethestructureddatamaynotbeconsistentwithwhatweseewiththepatient/9

saysGabrielBratfromHarvardMedicalSchool.

Researchhasfoundthatclinicalintuitionfromnursesandphysiciansaboutthechances

thatolderpatientsvisitingemergencydepartmentswoulddieorhaveotheradverseoutcomes

within30dayswashighlyaccurate.

Noneofknownexperiencessuggestthatclinicalintuitionshouldbeblindlyactedupon.

Makingclinicaldecisionssolelyonthebasisofaphysician'sintuitionisn'tthewaytogo,

expertssay.Butrelyingsolelyonmedicalalgorithms(mathematicalmodels)thatgenerate

predictionsabouthowapatientislikelytorespondtodifferenttreatmentsisn'tthebest

courseofactioneither.

Tooptimizepatientcare,someexpertsbelieveahybridapproachthatintegratesclinical

intuition,predictivealgorithms,patientpreferences,andotherkeyfactorsisessential.

21.Accordingtothepassage,clinicalintuitionisinfluencedby.

A.rapidjudgementB.medicalalgorithms

C.consciousawarenessD.professionalknowledge

22.WhichofthefollowingwouldMohammadGhassemiagree?

A.Clinicianshaveasharpeyeforapatienfscondition.

B.Machinesalwaysgeneratemoreaccuratepredictions.

C.Doctorsshouldsummarizetheexperiencesthey'veseen.

D.Physicians9interactionswithpatientshavebeendevalued.

23.WhydoestheauthormentiontheresearchfindinginParagraph6?

A.Tbintroducethewideuseofclinicalintuition.

B.Toexplainthelogicchainofclinicalintuition.

C.Toprovetheaccuracyofclinicalintuition.

D.Tbpresentfeedbacksonclinicalintuition.

Agoodmealhasapositiveimpactonone'smood.ThosewhofeastonChristmasbuffet

almostenjoyanimmediateriseintheirbloodsugar.Thatwillpromptafloodofchemicals

thatactashappyhormonestorushthroughtheirbrains.

Butthepleasuregoesdeeper.Tyrosineandtryptophanareneededfortheproduction,

respectively,ofdopamine,aneurotransmitter（神经传递素）thatcontrolsfeelingsofpleasure

andreward,andserotonin,anothersuch,whichhelpsregulatemood.Andcranberriesare

highinvitaminC,whichisinvolvedinconvertingdopaminetonoradrenaline,another

neurotransmitter,andalackofwhichseemstobeassociatedwithdepression.

Withmental-healthdisordersrising,agrowingnumberofscientistsareinvestigatinghow

foodornutritionalsupplementsaffectthemind.Butseparatingthebrain'snutritionalneeds

fromthoseoftherestofthebodyisdifficult.Notpossiblefornow,atleast.And,compared

withotherfields,nutritionalscienceisunderstudied.Thatispartlybecauseitishardtodo

well.Randomisedcontrolledtrials（rets）,usedtotestdrugs,aretricky.Fewpeoplewantto

sticktoanexperimentaldietforyears.Instead,mostnutritionalscienceisbasedon

observationalstudiesthattrytoestablishassociationsbetweenparticularfoodsornutrients

anddiseases.Theycannotbeusedtodefinitivelyproveacausal（因果关系的）connection

betweenadiseaseandaparticularcontributingfactorinadiet.Butaswithsmokingandlung

cancer,puttogetherenoughofthesekindsoftrialsandcausalnarrativesbegintoemerge.

Itisnowclearthatsomedietsareparticularlygoodforthebrain.Onerecentstudy

concludesthatstickingtothe"Mediterraneandiet”,highinvegetables,fruit,pulsesand

wholegrains,lowinredandprocessedmeatsandsaturatedfats,decreasesthechancesof

experiencingstrokes,cognitiveimpairmentanddepression.Otherrecentworklookingata

“green”Mediterraneandiethighinpolyphenolsfounditreducedage-relatedbrainatrophy.

Anotherversion,theminddiet,emphasises,amongotherthings,eatingberriesoverother

kindsoffruitandseemstolessentheriskofdementia.

Scientiststhinksuchdietsmayworkbyreducinginflammationinthebrain.This,inturn,

mayaffectareassuchasthehippocampus,whichisassociatedwithlearning,memoryand

moodregulation一andwherenewneuronsgrowinadults.Studiesinanimalsshowthatwhen

theyarefedadietrichinomega-3fattyacids(fromwalnuts,forexample),flavonoids

(consumedmainlyviateaandwine),antioxidants(foundinberries)andresveratrol(foundin

redgrapes),neurongrowthisstimulatedandinflammatoryprocessesarereduced.Thisfits

withresearchsuggestingthatthosewhoregularlyeatultra-processed,friedandsugaryfoods,

whichincreaseinflammationinthebrain,heightentheirriskofdevelopingdepression.

24.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplace“tricky“inParagraph3?

A.Rare.B.Tough.C.Traditional.D.Contradictory.

25.Howdoresearchersdoobservationalstudiesinnutritionalscience?

A.Bykeepingatanexperimentaldietforyears.

B.Bycarryingoutrandomizedcontrolledtrials.

C.Byidentifyingaparticularcontributingfactor.

D.Bycomparingfindingsofcertainkindsoftrials.

26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Adietrichinfruitisgoodforcognitiveabilities.

B.Peoplefondofsugaryfoodsmaybearisklover.

C.Redgrapesaddfueltoinflammationinthebrain.

D.Drinkingteacansolveage-relatedbrainproblems.

27.Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?

A.Thelinksbetweendietsanddiseases.

B.ThesignificanceofMediterraneandiet.

C.Thefunctionofvariousneurotransmitters.

D.Theinfluenceofnutrientsonmentalhealth.

Asthesayinggoes,"timewaitsfornoman^^.Timeisalwaysagainstus,andwejustcan't

stopit.Maybethafswhysomeofusarealwaysrunninglateforappointments.Butif

timekeepingisnotwhatyou'regoodat,don'tstress.Theremightbeagoodreasonforyour

lackofpunctuality.

People'sattitudestobeingontimevary.Someclock-watchandmakesurethey'rebangon

timeforameeting.Itis,afterall,rudetobelate,andifyoucanmakeitontime,whycan't

everyoneelse?Butif,likeme,youwanttomakeeverysecondcount,youmighttryto

squeezeasmuchasyoucanintothetimeyouhaveavailable.However,whenyourschedule

doesn'truntoplan,yourpunctualityinevitablyslips.

Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.AuthorGracePacie

toldtheBBCthat"they'rethepeoplewhodon'twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrange

resistancetobeingearly,andtheydon'tallowenoughTheyassumetheirjourneytoan

appointmentwillalwaysgosmoothly,andthetrainwillalwaysbeontime!

Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative一evenifsometimeswrong.

Expertssay:Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.The

punctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsof

self-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.Itisalsopossiblepeoplearelatesonot

tobeconspicuousandtoavoidtheanxiouswaitforotherstoturnup.

MaybewelatecomersshouldmakemoreofaneffortandfollowtheadviceIheardtonot

“try"tobeontimebut“decide“tobeontime.

28.Whatdoes"timebenders^^referto?

29.Whatarethepersonalitycharacteristicsoftimebenders?

30.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand

explainwhy.

AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon'tcareaboutbeinglatesotheydon'tallow

enoughtime.

31.Whatdoyouusuallydotobeontime?(Inabout40words)

四、七选五

32.ThebeginningoftheYearoftheDragonhasforeshadoweda“SongofIceandFire"

withtheemergenceofSora,atext-to-videoAImodel.VideosgeneratedbySoradisplay

strongconsistencywhenitcomestocharactersandbackgrounds,andsupportcontinuous

shotsofupto60seconds,includinghighlydetailedsettingsandmultiplecameraangles.①

However,filminsidersnotedthatcurrently,Ai-generated60-secondvideoscannotsupport

thecreationofafull-lengthmovie,andtheideathatAItoolswill"bomb"thefilmand

televisionindustryissofarunfounded.Meanwhile,expertssaynottoworryexcessively,as

theintegrationofAIwillhelpoptimizecertainoccupations,attractmoreinnovativetalents

andbringnewpossibilitiestothefilmandtelevisionindustry.②

Fromtheageoffilmstocktothedigitalage,frompracticaleffectstodigitaleffects,from

2Dto3D,Sora,likeanytechnologicalrevolutioninthecentury-longhistoryoffilm,will

improveproductionefficiency,updateproductionandmayevencreatenewgenresandtrends

infilmmaking.(3)StudentslearningfilmproductioncanviewSoraasahelpful

assistanttounleashtheirsci-fiimagination.

FacingthepanicsignalsthatAItoolswillthreatentheglobalfilmindustry,filminsiders

arguedthatthefundamentalDNAoffilmisartandthathumancreativitycannotbereplaced.

(4)Manydirectors,screenwriters,andactorsachievegreatworksbycontinuously

integratingpersonalemotionsandlifeexperiences.Thiskindofindividualcreativitycannot

beimitatedbymachineslikeSora.

⑤However,justastheinventionofprintingdidnotreplaceliteratureorthe

inventionofphotographydidnotreplacepainting,Soraanditssubsequentupdatesand

upgradeswillnotreplacefilmbecausethecoreoftheseartformsiscreativity,whichisa

uniqueaspectofhumanthought.

A.WithOpenAFsiterationspeed,producingAIvideosdozensofminuteslongisnotfaroff

B.Itisalsolikelytobeincorporatedintofilmandtelevisioneducationandtraininginthe

future.

C.Filmandtelevisionarecloselylinkedtotechnologicaladvancements,whichstimulate

creativity.

D.Sorawillundoubtedlypromptchangesinexistingindustrialproductionandmayeven

replacesomejobs.

E.Soraisundoubtedly“moreofanopportunitythanachallenge^^fortheglobalfilmand

televisionindustry.

F.Creativityandfilmproductionrequirestheintegrationofemotionalexperiencesand

individualmemories.

G.Thisimpliesthatwithjustatextdescription,ordinarypeopleusingSoramaybeableto

become“greatdirectors^^.

五、书面表达

33.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim计划明年来北京上大学学习

中文，特发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：

1.表示欢迎；

2.推荐他上哪所大学；

3.建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1.词数100词左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua