高考英语一轮复习必修③Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars课件

Unit4

Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课前素养锤炼过基础·晨读晚练过重难·解惑释疑测效果·素养提升句式锤炼——notonly...but(also)．..不但……而且……1．Sheteachesus________________________________howtobeagoodperson.[2020·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文]她不仅教我们如何获得知识，也教我们如何成为一个好人。2．Notonly________________________，

butalsoitgotusclosertonature.[2020·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文]它不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。3．________________________________todeveloppersonally，you'llalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.[2019·北京卷]你们不仅可以帮助我们的年轻志愿者发展个人能力，还可以学习新的技能并提高文化意识。notonlyhowtogainknowledgebutalsodiditgiveusrelaxationNotonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteers过基础·晨读晚练(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意□

□

□3.billion□4.carbon □5.acid □6.exhaust□7.dioxide □8.extinct □

□10.weightlessly□11.spaceship □12.mammal□13.solarsystem

□14.carbondioxide□15.fundamental

□16.chain □17.multiply□n.天文学n.天文学家pron.&n．&adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿n.碳n.酸vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽n.二氧化物adj.灭绝的；绝种的vi.&vt.减少；减轻adv.失重地n.宇宙飞船n.哺乳动物太阳系二氧化碳adj.基本的n.链子；连锁；锁链vi.&vt.乘；增加n.氧Ⅱ.写其形1．________________n.链子；连锁；锁链2．________________n.卫星；人造卫星3．________________n.宇宙飞船4．________________n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力5．________________vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物6．________________n.系统；体系；制度7．________________adj.温和的；文雅的8．________________n.宗教；宗教信仰chainsatellitespaceship

pullfloatsystemgentlereligion核心单词练通1.Therearedifferent________(理论)relatedtochangesinseatemperaturesintheworld.2．[2019·浙江卷]Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930sand________(气候)changeseemstobeamajorfactor.3．Themeetingwasheldinalively________(气氛)whereeverybodyfeltfreetosharehisideas.4．Wefailedtofindenoughevidence,________(因此)weconcludedthathewasinnocent.5．[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]Forthepasttwoyears，Gordon'sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzero________(重力)．6．Atruckwentoutofcontroland________(crash)intothebackofabus.

theoriesclimateatmosphere

thus

gravitycrashed拓展单词用活记全记牢1.________vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；n.谜；难题→________adj.迷惑不解的→________adj.令人迷惑的2．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力→________adv.暴力地；猛烈地3．________prep.不同；不像→________vt.喜欢prep.相像的→________adj.可能的4．________adj.有害的→________n．&v．伤害→________adj.无害的puzzlepuzzledpuzzlingviolentviolenceviolentlyunlike

likelikelyharmfulharmharmless5．________vi.存在；生存→________n．存在；生存6．________n.球体；地球仪；地球→________adj.全球性的；全世界的7．________n．宗教；宗教信仰→________adj.宗教的8．________n．生物学→________n．生物学家9．________n．反应；回应→________v．反应10．________n．物理学家→________n．物理existexistenceglobeglobal

religionreligiousbiologybiologistreactionreactphysicist

physicsreaction

globalphysicistspuzzledpuzzlingpuzzledreligion

religiousviolenceviolentlylikesdislikeslikely(二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高记全记牢1.________________

阻止……2．________________下蛋3．________________轮到某人；接着4．________________熟悉；掌握；理解5．________________密切注视；当心；提防6．________________依靠prevent...from...layeggsinone'sturngetthehangofwatchoutfordependon7．________________及时；终于8．________________产生；分娩9．________________感到高兴；感到振奋10．________________既然11．________________突发；爆发12．________________挡住(光线)intime

givebirthtocheerupnowthatbreakoutblockoutbrokeoutgavebirthto

cheeredupNowthatintime2．以­ful结尾的形容词①harmful有害的②useful有用的③helpful有帮助的④powerful强大的⑤careful小心的⑥faithful忠实的3．“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达(1)阻止某人做某事①prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.②keepsb.fromdoingsth.(2)禁止某人做某事③prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.④bansb.fromdoingsth.⑤forbidsb.fromdoingsth.(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高句式背诵句型1动词＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋todoThisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。

句式仿写1.科学技术的发展将使人们有可能弄清楚宇宙是如何形成的。Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologywill________________________howtheuniversecameintoexistence.makeitpossibletoknow句式背诵句型2倍数表达法：倍数＋as...as...ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。句式仿写2.我的农场已扩大成了一个大农场，是以前的三倍大。Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone，whichis__________________thepreviousone.threetimesaslargeas句式背诵句型3形容词作伴随状语教材：Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起来。句式仿写3.[2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ书面表达]高兴并快乐着，我们早上9点钟在校门口开始了比赛。________________，

westartedtheracefromthegateofourschoolat9:00a．m.Cheerfulanddelighted过重难·解惑释疑版块一

高频单词互动区1．harmfuladj.有害的先练会——单句语法填空①Assecond­handsmokingis________(harm)anddangerous,peoplewantatotalbanagainstsmokinginpublic.②Theplant,________(harm)bytoomuchdirectsunlight,hasnochanceofsurvival.

harmfulharmed

再写美——一句多译有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。③Someboysareaddictedtoplayinggames,________________________________.(定语从句；harmful)④Someboysareaddictedtoplayinggames,________________________________.(分词作状语，harm)whichisveryharmfultotheirhealthcausinggreatharmtotheirhealth(1)beharmfultosb./sth.对某人/某物有害(2)harmn．&vt.伤害；损害do/causeharmtosb.＝do/causesb.harm对某人有害Thereisnoharmindoing...做……无害处(3)harmlessadj.无害的佳句背诵Forthebenefitofpeople,thelocalgovernmentcloseddownsomefactorieswhichhaddonealotofharmtotheenvironment.为了人民的利益，当地政府已经关闭了一些对环境有极大危害的工厂。2.existvi.存在；生存先练会——单句语法填空①Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultytheyhave________(exist)onthemoneyheisearning.②Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameinto________(exist)．③[2019·北京卷]Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustand________(exist)relationships.

existingexistence

existing再写美——微写作④众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。Asisknowntous,______________________________________________________________________________________________.thereexistsagenerationgapbetweentheyoungandtheold3.puzzlevt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)窘困；感到迷惑n．(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜先练会——单句语法填空①Tobehonest,Isometimesfeel________(puzzle)aboutmyfuturecareer.②Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha________(puzzle)question,shestoodtherewithasurprisedlookonherface.③Hearingthemanager'sexplanation，hehada________(puzzle)expressiononhisface.

puzzledpuzzling

puzzled再写美——微写作④[2020·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文]这出戏最让我困惑的是我们应该如何为不同的角色使用适当的舞台语言。____________________________ishowweshoulduseproperstagelanguagesfordifferentroles.Whatpuzzlesmemostabouttheplay(1)puzzleabout/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)apuzzletosb.一件让人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的puzzledadj.迷惑不解的；困惑的佳句背诵Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。

【名师指津】puzzled，confused，frightened，excited，surprised等词，用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。刷题强训精题细作维度1词性转换用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变换1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreading________(globe)．2．[2019·江苏卷]Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench，handstremblingashe________(gentle)placedhisfingersonthekeys.3．[2019·江苏卷]AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwitha________(violence)farbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.globallygentlyviolence

4．Afterhearingthenews，hehada________(puzzle)lookonhisface.5．Assecond­handsmokingis________(harm)anddangerous,peoplewantatotalbanagainstsmokinginpublic.puzzledharmful维度2动词形式变化用所给动词的正确形式填空，注意不规则动词的形式变化1．What________(puzzle)meiswhyhehasleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.2．Thedriverwasdrivingwhenhelostcontrolofthecarbyaccident,________(crash)intoatruck.3．Wateronce________(exist)onMars,butscientistshaven'tfoundoutwhyitdisappeared.4．Helentahandtous,which________(multiply)ourchancesofsuccessseveraltimes.puzzles

crashingexisted

multiplied维度3固定用法和搭配在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式1．Asisknowntous,thePeople'sRepublicofChinacame________existenceasanindependentcountryin1949.2．Anewhospitalhasbeenplannedtobebuilthere,andtheyaregoingtoput________thatoldbuilding.3．Theconstitution,unlikeotherformsoflaws,isfundamental________keepingoursocialsystemworkingproperly.intodowntointimeinnotime

Atthesametime再写美——句式升级④Inmyview，youshouldatnotimeloseheartwheneveryouareintrouble.→AsfarasI'mconcerned,____________________________wheneveryouareintrouble.(倒装)atnotimeshouldyouloseheartinnotime立刻；马上atnotime决不(位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装)atatime每次；一次atonetime曾经；一度atthesametime同时fromtimetotime有时；偶尔佳句背诵Astheoldsayinggoes，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”Oureffortswillpayoffintime.俗话说：“有志者，事竟成。”我们的努力迟早会有回报的。2.inone'sturn轮到某人；接着先练会——单句语法填空①________histurn,PaulrosetohisfeetandsangafolksonginChinese.②Atthemeetingtheytookturns________(put)forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformofeducationsystem.再写美——微写作③人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这造成更多的问题。Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars，which________________________.Intoput

inturncreatesmoreproblemsinturn依次；轮流；反之；反过来byturns轮流；交替地taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事Itisone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事Itturns/turnedoutthat...结果是……3.cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；(使)振奋先练会——单句语法填空①CheerMary________，

andthingswillworkoutforthebest.②Theydothisinordertoencouragethecrowdstocheertheirsportsteam________.再写美——词汇升级③WhenI'mfeelingsad，mymothertellsmefunnystoriestomakemehappy.→WhenI'mfeeling________，

mymothertellsmefunnystoriesto________.upondepressed

cheermeupcheersb.up使某人振作起来cheersb.on(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油cheerfor为……而欢呼；给……加油佳句背诵Idohopeshecancheerupandacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!我真心希望她能振作起来，

勇敢地接受生活的挑战！itit再写美——一句多译[2018·全国卷满分作文]新建的体育馆足够大，这使我们有可能参加各种各样的活动。③Thenewly­builtstadiumislargeenough,________________________________________________.(定语从句)④Thenewly­builtstadiumislargeenough,_______________________________________.(分词作状语)whichmakesitpossibleforustotakepartinvariousactivitiesmakingitpossibleforustotakepartinvariousactivities(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋todosth.make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句make＋it＋nogood/nouse/novalue...＋doingsth.(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。佳句背诵HavingwatchedA

Bite

of

ChinawillmakeiteasierforyoutounderstandwhyheisdeterminedtomakehislivingbyrunningaChinesefoodrestaurantinNewYork.看了《舌尖上的中国》，你会更容易理解为什么他决定在纽约开一家中餐馆来谋生。5.句型公式：倍数表达法(教材P31)ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。

先练会——单句语法填空①Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes________(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.②Thenumberofstudentsnowinthisschoolisfourtimes________itwastenyearsago.

fasterwhat再写美——一句多译[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]正在建的新体育馆是操场的两倍大。③Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbe________________theplayground.(than)④Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbe________________theplayground.(as...as)⑤Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbe________________theplayground.(size)oncebiggerthantwiceasbigastwicethesizeof(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋B(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋B(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length...)＋of＋B(4)A＋be＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”佳句背诵Theteachingbuildingbeingbuiltnowistwiceashighasthatone.＝Theteachingbuildingwhichisbeingbuiltnowisoncehigherthanthatone.＝Theteachingbuildingbeingbuiltnowistwicetheheightofthatone.正在修建的教学楼是那个教学楼的两倍高。frightenedimproving

Whether4．Theywanttomake________cleartothepublicthatthecleanworkersdoanimportantandnecessaryjob.5．LiHong'smobilephonelookedjustthesameasZhangHua's，butitcosttwice________muchashis.6．[2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文]Ithinkitgreatfun________(learn)thepoemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.it

astolearn维度2易错误用(改正下列语段中的错误，每句最多两处错误)1．Thereexistssomanychemicalfactorieswhichourhomelandareseriouslypolluted.Therefore,ifwedon'ttakeactionontime,itwillbedifficultforustosaveourland._______________________________________________________2．Onceourplaygroundwastoosmall,whichpreventedushaveenoughspacetoplayandexercise.Now,thenewoneisaboutthreetimeslargethantheoldone,whichevenmakespossibleforustoholdsportsmeetings._____________________________________________________3．Therearebillionofasteroidsinthespace.Butwehumanbeingsarestillpuzzlingabouthowtheycametoexistence._______________________________________________________第一句：exists改为exist；which改为that；第二句：on改为in第一句：have改为having；第二句：large改为larger；makes后加it第一句：billion改为billions；第二句：puzzling改为puzzled；to改为into维度3完成句子/一句多译/句型转换1．[2018·北京卷满分作文]我详细地解释这个过程的每一步，这让他们理解如何泡茶成为可能。Iexplainedeverystepoftheprocessindetail,which________________________________howtomaketea.2．既然你精通英语，你就可以申请这份工作。__________________________________，

youcanapplyforthejob.3．我的父母一天天的变老，该轮到我开始照顾他们的时候了。Myparentsaregettingolderandolder，so_____________________lookingafterthem.madeitpossibleforthemtounderstanditismyturntostartistochangethewayisthreetimesasbigasthatistwicebiggerthan

isthreetimesthesizeof6．Thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel.Theyaretiredandsleepy.→Thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel,_________________.(形容词短语作状语)tiredandsleepy测效果·素养提升提能一、阅读理解障碍词Ⅰ.生词僻义1．[2020·浙江卷7月完形]Irandesperatelybutfailedtocatchup.Thetractorcrashed2．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C]Thefurtradekeptnutria(海狸鼠)incheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat­sizedanimalsmultiplied3．[2019·江苏卷任务型阅读]Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammalsweighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm3.________________4．[2019·天津卷]Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.________________vi.碰撞vi.繁殖，

增殖n.哺乳动物n.灭绝Ⅱ.熟词生义1．[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]Someparentswillbuyanyhigh­techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath­relatedskills.________________2．[2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C]“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”3．[2019·江苏卷阅读D]BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower，”hiswifeJonithoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted.________________n.拼图游戏vt.提出，

请考虑(想法或计划)adj.耗尽了，没有了Ⅲ.一词多义——根据语境选出pull的含义A．排入B．(火车)进站；(船)靠岸C．拉，拖；拽1．[2019·北京卷]Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳2．[2019·北京卷]Justasinagameoftug­of­war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepulls3．[2018·天津卷]ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledAC

B提能二、微语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心词汇