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辽宁省鞍山市2024年中考英语模拟试卷阅卷人一、阅读理解,阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)得分阅读理解1.Howmanythingsdoweneedtodotheexperiment?A.3 B.4 C.5 D.62.Whatstopsthestickfrombreakingthetissuepaper?A.Thesand. B.Theperson. C.Thetube. D.Rubber.3.Thetissuepaperishardtobreak____.A.becausethetubeisfullofdrysandB.whenthetubeisfilledwithsomesandC.whenthereisnothinginthetubeD.becausetheforceisdirectedinside4.Inwhichpartofthenewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.Science. B.Art. C.Travel. D.Music.阅读理解Onehotday,anantwaslookingforsomewater.Afterwalkingaroundforsometime,hecametoaspring(温泉).Toreachtothespring,hehadtoclimbupatwig.Ashewasmakinghiswayup,heslippedandfellintothewater.Abirdwassittinginanearbytree.Whenshesawthattheantneededhelp,shequicklybrokealeaffromthetreeanddroppeditintothewaterneartheant.Theantmovedtotheleafandgotonit.Soonthebirdcarriedtheantsafelytodryground.Justthen,theantheardsomesteps.Ashelookedaround,hesawamanwalkingoverwithanetinhishand.Thenthemangotreadytothrowouthisnetatthebird.Seeingwhathewasabouttodo,theantquicklybittheman'sfoot.Feelingthepain,themandroppedhisnet.Thebirdquicklyflewawaytoahigherplace.Aswesay,"Onegoodturndeservesanother."5.Theantclimbedupthetwig____.A.tofallintothespring B.togetsomewaterC.tomakehiswayup D.towalkaround6.Howdidthebirdhelptheant?A.Bygivingtheantsomewatertodrink.B.Byhelpingtheantclimboverthetwig.C.Bytakingtheantonitsbackacrossthespring.D.Bydroppingaleaffortheanttoclimbonto.7.Whatdidtheantdowhenhesawthemancomingwithanet?A.Theanthidinthewater.B.Theantclimbedupthetwig.C.Theantflewawaywiththebird.D.Theantbittheman'sfoot.8.Whatdoesthesentence"Onegoodturndeservesanother"meaninChinese?A.善有善报 B.爱屋及乌 C.同舟共济 D.取长补短阅读理解DoyouknowChatGPT?It'sanartificialintelligence(AI)tool.Itcananswerquestions,tellstories,anddomuchmore.Butit'svery"thirsty",saidanewstudy.ChatGPThas"homes"aroundtheworldindatacenters.Whenitworks,thecomputersatthedatacentersgetveryhot.Workersthenhavetousewatertocoolthemdown.Coldwatergoesintopipesnearthecomputers.Thewaterneedstobeveryclean.Theycan'tuseseawaterbecauseitcaneatawayatthepipes.WhenyouaskChatGPT20to50questions,it"drinks"500millilitersofwater.Scientistsused700,000litersofwatertobuildChatGPT.Thewateruseisverybig.Peoplecanmake370carswithit.ChatGPTisjustoneAItool.YouneeddatacenterstodoeverythingontheInternet.Therearemorethan8,000datacentersaroundtheworld.Thenumberisstillgrowing.Wemayhaveto"fight"withAIforwaterinthefuture.AIusesalotofwaterto"grow".Theworld'swatermaynotbeenough.Manypeopledon'thaveenoughwatertodrink.ButAItechnologyhelpspeople.ShouldwerethinkhowweuseAI?Talktoyourfriendsaboutit.9.Inthenewstudy,theword"thirsty"isusedtoshowthat____.A.ChatGPTlookslikeamanB.ChatGPTcandrinkwaterC.ChatGPTneedswaterwhenworkingD.ChatGPTtalkstoomuch10.Whatdoestheunderlineword"them"referto?A.People.B.AI.C.ChatGPTs.D.Computers.11.Thewriterwritesaboutcars____.A.tohelpreadersknowthebigsizeofChatGPT.B.toshowthebigwateruseinbuildingChatGPT.C.tohelpscientistsfindabetterwaytobuildChatGPT.D.togiveanideaabouthowtouseChatGPT.12.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.AIslikeChatGPT B.HowtoUseChatGPTC.GiveChatGPTaDrink D.FightwithChatGPT阅读理解LondonisthecapitalofEnglandandisoneofthemostfamouscitiesinEurope.Ithasmanyfantasticsights,suchasBigBenandLondonBridge.Besides,therearemorethan170museumsthere.IwasonlyinLondonforonegrayday,soIwasinahurry.MytourstartedatabuildingknownastheCheeseGrater.It'sanewbuildingandwascompletedin2010.Ithasaheightof225m、Wetooktheliftrighttothetop.ItisthefastestliftinEurope.Ittookjust30secondstogoallthewayuptothe45thfloor.Next,wewalkedjustafewblockstoTheGherkin.Itreallydoeslooklikeacucumberofadifferentsize!It's180mtallandhas41floors.Itwasbuiltin2003.OurnextstopwasTowerBridge.Itwasbuiltfrom1886to1894andlooksold.Ithasaheightof54m,andalengthof244m.Wewalkedonittocrosstherivertogettoournextdestination:TheShard.TheShardisthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom.Itwasopenedin2009.Itcost435millionpoundstobuild.It'sjustunder310mtallandhas96floors.Thereisaplacewhereyoucanlookattheviewonthe72ndfloor.St.Paul'sCathedralisontheothersideoftheriver.Itwasstartedin1256!Ithassurvivedseveralwars.Itis158mlongand111mtall.Itisoldandreallybeautiful.Unfortunately,therainyweatherputasuddenendtoourtour.13.Thecorrectorderofthewriter'stourofLondonis____.a.TheShardb.TheGherkinc.TheCheeseGraterd.TowerBridgeA.abcd B.bdac C.cbda D.dacb14.Thetextprovidesinformationaboutallplacesfor____.A.shapes B.colors C.length D.height15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thewriter'stourendedinSt.Paul'sCathedral.B.Thewriterwastoounluckytosurvivethewars.C.St.Paul'sCathedralwasonthesamesideoftheShard.D.St.Paul'sCathedralwasfinished758yearsago.16.Howisthetextorganized?A. B.C. D.阅读短文,从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一个多余的选项。Southernwhiterhinos(犀牛)mainlyliveinAfrica.Theyareverylargeinsize,about4metelong,1.75metershigh,andovertwotonsinweight.Therearetwohorns(角)onthenose.Tfronthornisoverhalfameterlong,whiletheotheroneissmaller.Southernwhiterhinosarec."reallywhite.17."White"maycomefromtheAfricanwordfor"wide".Ithassor.connectionwiththeirwidemouths.Southernwhiterhinosliveongrass,leaves,fruitandsoon.Theyhaveverypooreyesight.18.Theirskin(皮肤)isnearly5cmthickbutisverysensitive.Duringtheday,theytrytofindacoolplacetoavoidsunburn.Southernwhiterhinoslieinmud(泥浆)whentheycan,asitstickstotheirskinandprotectsthemfromthebrightAfricansun.19.Theysellhornstothosewhobelievehornshavemagicpowersorcantreatsickness.Itputssouthernwhiterhinosindanger.Nowmanyactionsaretakentoprotectsouthernwhiterhinos.Theinternationaltradeinrhinohornhasbeenstoppedintheworld.Besides,manyprotectedareashavebeenbuilt,especiallyinSouthAfrica.Upto2020,morethan20countrieshavemaderulestoprotectsouthernwhiterhinos.20.

A.Somehumanskillrhinosfortheirhorns.B.However,theyhavegoodhearingandanexcellentsenseofsmell.C.Itisn'texpensiveatall.D.Theyaregrayincolor.E.Todaythenumberofsouthernwhiterhinoshasincreasedtoover20,000inthewild.阅卷人二、完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分;满分10分)得分阅读短文,理解其大意,从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thesunandthewindwerehavinganargument.Eachclaimed(宣称)tobethestrongest."Weshouldhaveacontesttoseewhoisstronger,"saidthesun.Justthentheysawatravelerwalkingdownadustycountryroad."Iknow21.wecando,"saidthewind."Let'sseewhichofuscanmakethetraveler22.offhiscoat."Theyagreedtotake23.,andthewinnerwouldbedeclared(宣布)thestrongest.Thewindwent24.,blowingashardasitcould.Thetravelerbuttonedhiscoatandturnedupthecollar(领子)25.hisneck.Harderandharderblewthewind,tryingtoblowoffthetraveler'scoat.Buttheharderheblew,the26.thetravelerheldontohiscoat.Afterhalfanhour,thewindhadto27..Nowitwasthesun'sturn.Thesunbeameddownuponthetraveler.Soonthetravelerunbuttonedhiscoatandturneddownhiscollar.Thenthesunbeganto28.evenbrighter.Themanfoundit29.hottowalk.Hestoppedandpulledoffhiscoat.Thetravelersatdownonalargeboulderunderashadetreesothathecouldcooloff.Inonlyafew30.thesunhadwonthecontest.21.A.how B.why C.when D.what22.A.get B.fall C.take D.set23.A.order B.turns C.steps D.care24.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth25.A.under B.behind C.below D.around26.A.tighter B.faster C.taller D.lower27.A.givein B.giveoff C.giveup D.giveaway28.A.blow B.shine C.make D.keep29.A.enough B.very C.so D.too30.A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days阅卷人三、语篇填空(共10小题,每小题1分;满分10分)得分阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯。InancientChina,peoplepasseddownplentyofclassicstoriesfromgeneration(一代人)togeneration.Herearethestoriesof31.(second)famouscharacters.OnepersonisCheYin.Hewasfromapoorfamily,32.helovedstudying.Hehadtoworkinthedaytime,sohecouldonlystudyintheevening.However,therewasaproblem.Hecouldn'taffordalamp.Hedidn'tworryaboutthat33.summer.Intheevening,hecaughtsome34.(firefly),put35.(they)inabaganduseditasalamp.Thislampwasnotverybright,butCheYincoulddosomereadingbylamplightintheevening.TheotherpersonisSunKang.Hewassmart,buthewassopoorthathecouldn'tgotoschool.Sohestudiedathome.He36.(have)toreadjustatnight.LikeCheYin,hecouldn'tbuyalamp.On37.(snow)nights,hewentoutandreadinthesnow.Why?Becausetherewasthelightofsnowoutside.Later,peopleuse"NangYingYingXue"tosaythatastrongspiritisveryimportantnomatterhowhardthelifeis.Whenwearehaving38.hardtimeinlife,don'tloseheart.Neverletlifeknockusdown.Eveninthe39.(hard)situation,thereishopethatencouragesus40.(move)forward.阅卷人四、阅读与表达(共4小题,满分10分)得分阅读短文,然后根据内容回答问题。BowlingItisanindoorgame.Theplayerstaketurnstorollabowlingballtowards10bowlingpins(木瓶).Eachplayerhastwotriestoknockdownthepins.Pointsarescoredaccordingtothenumberofpinsknockeddown.MinigolfItisanoutdoorgame.Thereare18holesinaminigolfcourse.Eachplayerhassevenchancestohittheballintoeachhole.Thetimesofhittingwillberecorded.Thatisthescore.Thepersonwiththelowestscorewins.BeachvolleyballItisanoutdoorgame.Thegameisheldonthesand.Therearetwoplayersineachteam.Theystandoneachsideofthenet.Whowins?Usually,thefirstteamwith21pointswinsthegame.BaseballItisanoutdoorgame.Aplayerinoneteamthrowstheballfast.Aplayerintheotherteamtriestohitit.Hittinga"homerun"(本垒打)isthemostexcitingmomentinamatch.41.Whichsportisanindoorgame?42.Howmanyholesarethereinaminigolfcourse?43.Whereisabeachvolleyballgameheld?44.Whatsportdoyoulikebest?Why?Write30wordsormore.阅卷人五、书面表达(满分20分)得分45.假如你是李平,你制作的关于家乡变化的海报在某英文网站被公开展示并获得好评。请你结合下面内容要点和图示信息,以"MyExperienceofMakingaPoster"为题,写一篇发言稿向学校的英语广播站投稿,简述你的制作经历。内容要点如下:(1)介绍获奖海报的内容;(2)具体讲述制作海报的过程;(3)讲述你的收获或者感悟。注意:(1)词数80~100,开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数;(2)可以适当增加细节,使行文连贯。(3)发言稿中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。Dearteachersandfriends,I'mLiHua.Iamhonoredtosharemyexperienceofmakingaposterwithyou.Lastweek,Imadeaposterofthegreatchangesinmyhometown.……Thankyou.

答案解析部分【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.A【解析】【分析】大意:文章通过实验说明了沙子多坚固。

【点评】考查阅读选择。注意先看题目,再看文章:在开始阅读文章之前,先看一遍题目,了解文章的主题和问题,有目的地阅读文章,可以提高阅读效率。1.细节理解题。根据You'llneed

·Papertoweltube

·20cmsquaresoftissuepaper(纸巾)

·Drysand

·Rubberbands

·Thinstickabout

30cmlong.纸巾管,20厘米见方的纸巾,干沙,橡皮筋和长约30厘米长的细棍,可知是六样东西。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据Withsandinthetube.It'sveryhardtobreakthetissuepaper.Thesanddirectstheforceoutwardinalldirections.There'snotenoughforcelefttobreakthetissuepaper.沙子将力向各个方向引导。剩下的力不足以击破纸巾,可知是沙子防止棍子弄破纸巾。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据Withsandinthetube,it'sveryhardtobreakthetissuepaper.管子里有沙子,纸巾很难弄破,可知是当管子里有沙的时候。故选B。4.推理判断题。文章通过实验说明了沙子多坚固,可知是来自科学部分。故选A。【答案】5.B6.D7.D8.A【解析】【分析】大意:文章讲述了小鸟帮助落水的蚂蚁,后面蚂蚁又帮助小鸟防止被抓的故事,告诉我们"善有善报"。

【点评】考查阅读选择。注意回到原文找答案:在回答问题时,要回到原文中寻找答案,尽量选择与原文一致的选项。5.细节理解题。根据第一段Toreachtothespring,hehadtoclimbupatwig.为了到达泉边,它不得不爬上一根树枝,可知是为了得到一些水。故选B。6.细节理解题。根据第二段Whenshesawthattheantneededhelp,shequicklybrokealeaffromthetreeanddroppeditintothewaterneartheant.当她看到蚂蚁需要帮助时,她迅速从树上折下一片树叶,扔进了蚂蚁附近的水里。蚂蚁移动到树叶上,爬了上去,可知是通过丢下一片叶子,让蚂蚁爬上去。故选D。7.细节理解题。根据最后一段Thenthemangotreadytothrowouthisnetatthebird.Seeingwhathewasabouttodo,theantquicklybittheman'sfoot.然后,那人准备撒网捕鸟。蚂蚁见状,赶紧咬住了那人的脚,可知蚂蚁咬了男人的脚。故选D。8.词义猜测题。文章讲述了小鸟帮助落水的蚂蚁,后面蚂蚁又帮助小鸟防止被抓的故事,可知文章主要想强调:善有善报,因此"Onegoodturndeservesanother"意为"善有善报"。故选A。【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.C【解析】【分析】大意:文章重点介绍了人工智能工具ChatGPT的高耗水量。

【点评】考查阅读选择。注意排除干扰选项:在选择答案时,要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项,尽量选择与原文一致的选项。9.细节理解题。根据第二段Whenitworks,thecomputersatthedatacentersgetveryhot.Workersthenhavetousewatertocoolthemdown.当它工作时,数据中心的计算机会变得非常热。这时,工人们就必须用水给它们降温,可知说ChatGPT"渴"是因为它工作的时候需要水来降温。故选C。10.词义猜测题。根据下文Coldwatergoesintopipesnearthecomputers.冷水进入计算机附近的水管,可知them指代计算机。故选D。11.细节理解题。根据第三段Scientistsused700,000litersofwatertobuildChatGPT.Thewateruseisverybig.Peoplecanmake370carswithit.科学家们用700000升水建造了ChatGPT。用水量非常大。人们可以用它制造370辆汽车,可知是为了展示建造ChatGPT的用水量之大。故选B。12.最佳标题题。文章重点介绍了人工智能工具ChatGPT的高耗水量。文中解释了ChatGPT在数据中心运行时如何"喝"大量的水,以及需要冷却计算机以确保其高效运行。GiveChatGPTaDrink给ChatGPT一杯水"一语恰如其分地抓住了文章的主旨,突出了这一人工智能工具的渴求及其在用水方面带来的挑战。故选C。【答案】13.C14.D15.A16.B【解析】【分析】大意:文章记录了作者去伦敦的旅行。

【点评】考查阅读选择。注意关注文章结构:阅读文章时,要关注文章的结构和脉络,了解文章的段落和主题,有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。13.细节理解题。根据第二段MytourstartedatabuildingknownastheCheeseGrater.我的参观是从一座名为"奶酪刨削机"的建筑开始的;第三段Next,wewalkedjustafewblockstoTheGherkin.接下来,我们走了几个街区就到了小黄瓜酒店;第四段OurnextstopwasTowerBridge.我们的下一站是塔桥;第四段Wewalkedonittocrosstherivertogettoournextdestination:TheShard.我们走在上面过河,前往下一个目的地:碎片大厦,可知旅行的顺序为:cbda。故选C。14.细节理解题。根据第二段Ithasaheightof225m高度为225米;第三段It's180mtallandhas41floors.它高180米,共有41层;第四段Ithasaheightof54m,andalengthof244m.它高54米,长244米;第四段It'sjustunder310mtallandhas96floors.它高不到310米,共有96层,可知提供了所有地点的高度。故选D。15.细节理解题。根据最后一段St.Paul'sCathedralisontheothersideoftheriver.圣保罗大教堂位于河对岸;以及Unfortunately,therainyweatherputasuddenendtoourtour.不幸的是,阴雨绵绵的天气让我们的行程戛然而止,可知圣保罗大教堂是作者旅行的终点。故选A。16.推理判断题。根据第一段LondonisthecapitalofEnglandandisoneofthemostfamouscitiesinEurope.伦敦是英格兰的首都,也是欧洲最著名的城市之一,可知第一段总结了作者旅行的国家——伦敦;第二段MytourstartedatabuildingknownastheCheeseGrater.我的参观是从一座名为"奶酪刨削机"的建筑开始的;第三段Next,wewalkedjustafewblockstoTheGherkin.接下来,我们走了几个街区就到了小黄瓜酒店;第四段OurnextstopwasTowerBridge.我们的下一站是塔桥;第四段Wewalkedonittocrosstherivertogettoournextdestination:TheShard.我们走在上面过河,前往下一个目的地:碎片大厦;第五段St.Paul'sCathedralisontheothersideoftheriver.圣保罗大教堂位于河对岸;以及Unfortunately,therainyweatherputasuddenendtoourtour.不幸的是,阴雨绵绵的天气让我们的行程戛然而止,可知第二三四五段分别介绍了不同的旅行景点,因此文章的结构:总(第一段)——分(第二三四五段)。故选B。【答案】17.D;18.B;19.A;20.E【解析】【分析】大意:文章主要介绍了野生南方白犀牛以及它们的生存现状。

选项意思:A.有些人类为了犀牛角而杀死犀牛。

B.犀牛的听觉和嗅觉都很灵敏。

C.一点也不贵。

D.它们的颜色是灰色的。

E.如今,野生南方白犀牛的数量已超过20,000头。

【点评】考查阅读还原。注意先看文章,了解文章的主题和内容,对文章有一个大致的了解。再仔细阅读空缺处前后的句子,理解上下文的逻辑关系,找出关键词和线索。17.根据上文Southernwhiterhinosarec."reallywhite.南方白犀牛并非真正的白色,以及下文"White"maycomefromtheAfricanwordfor"wide"."白色"可能来自非洲语,意为"宽阔",可知此处指出:它们的颜色是灰色的。故选D。18.根据上文Theyhaveverypooreyesight.它们的视力很差;以及下文2Theirskin(皮肤)isnearly5cmthickbutisverysensitive.它们的皮肤将近5厘米厚,但非常敏感,可知此处指出:犀牛的听觉和嗅觉都很灵敏。故选B。19.根据下文Theysellhornstothosewhobelievehornshavemagicpowersorcantreatsickness.他们把角卖给那些相信角有魔力或能治病的人,可知此处指出:有些人类为了犀牛角而杀死犀牛。故选A。20.根据上文Upto2020,morethan20countrieshavemaderulestoprotectsouthernwhiterhinos.截至2020年,已有20多个国家制定了保护南方白犀牛的规则,可知此处指出:如今,野生南方白犀牛的数量已超过20,000头。故选E。【答案】21.D;22.C;23.B;24.A;25.D;26.A;27.C;28.B;29.D;30.B【解析】【分析】大意:文章讲述了风和太阳比赛谁比较强大(能把行人的外套脱掉)的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空。第一遍首先快速阅读文章,把握文章大意;其次重点查看空格句,联系上下文,理解句意,选出正确答案;最后带着答案阅读一遍文章进行复查。21.句意:风说:"我知道我们能做什么。"。A.怎么,疑问副词;B.为什么,疑问副词;C.什么时候,疑问副词;D.什么,疑问代词。根据动词do,可知应用代词what,作宾语,表"能做什么"。故答案为:D。22.句意:"看看我们谁能让旅行者脱掉外套"。A.变得,B.摔倒,C.脱/取,D.设定。根据后文Harderandharderblewthewind,tryingtoblowoffthetraveler'scoat.风越刮越猛,试图吹掉旅行者的外衣,可知是看看谁能让旅行者脱掉外套,应用固定搭配takeoff"脱掉"。故答案为:C。23.句意:他们商定轮流进行,并宣布获胜者为最强者。A.顺序/命令,可数名词单数;B.顺序/轮流,可数名词复数;C.步骤,可数名词复数;D.在意,不可数名词。根据下文一开始风吹,后面日晒,可知是轮流进行,固定搭配taketurns"轮流"。故答案为:B。24.句意:风第一个,拼命地吹。A.第一,B.其次,C.第三,D.第四。根据上文Theyagreedtotake3,andthewinnerwouldbedeclared(宣布)thestrongest.他们商定轮流进行,并宣布获胜者为最强者,可知风第一个尝试。故答案为:A。25.句意:旅行者扣好大衣扣子,翻起脖子上的衣领。A.在下面,B.在后面,C.在下面,D.在周围。根据turnedupthecollar(领子),可知翻起脖子上的衣领围住脖子。故答案为:D。26.句意:但他吹得越用力,旅行者就越紧紧抓住他的外套。A.更紧的,B.更快的,C.更高的,D.更低的。根据转折连词but"但是",可知应是吹得越用力,旅行者就越紧紧抓住他的外套。故答案为:A。27.句意:半小时后,风不得不放弃了。A.让步,B.释放/发出,C.放弃,D.赠送。根据上文Buttheharderheblew,the6thetravelerheldontohiscoat但他吹得越用力,旅行者就越紧紧抓住他的外套,可知风不得不放弃了。故答案为:C。28.句意:然后,阳光开始更加灿烂。A.吹,B.闪烁/闪耀,C.使得,D.保持。根据thesun,可知是闪耀得更加灿烂。故答案为:B。29.句意:他觉得天气太热,走不动了。A.足够的,B.非常,C.送一,D.太。根据下文Hestoppedandpulledoffhiscoat.Thetravelersatdownonalargeboulderunderashadetreesothathecouldcooloff.他停下脚步,脱下外套。旅行者在树荫下的一块大石头上坐下,以便乘凉,可知是觉得太热,应用副词too"太"。故答案为:D。30.句意:仅仅几分钟,太阳就赢得了比赛。A.秒,B.分钟,C.小时,D.天。根据上文Soonthetravelerunbuttonedhiscoatandturneddownhiscollar.Thenthesunbeganto8evenbrighter.Themanfoundit9hottowalk.很快,旅行者解开了大衣的扣子,把领子翻了下来。这时,太阳开始变得更加耀眼。这人觉得太热了,走不动了,可知应是就几分钟时间。故答案为:B。【答案】31.two;32.but;33.in;34.fireflies;35.them;36.had;37.snowy;38.a;39.hardest;40.tomove【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述了两个古代中国人物——车胤和孙康的故事。

【点评】考查语法填空。注意首先快速阅读文章,把握文章大意;其次重点阅读空格句,判断缺少的成分,再根据固定搭配等填写单词的正确形式;最后带着答案阅读一遍,进行复查。31.句意:这里有两个著名人物的故事。second第二,序数词。根据空格后可数名词复数characters,可知应填基数词two,表"两个著名人物"。故答案为:two。32.句意:他家境贫寒,但他热爱学习。根据Hewasfromapoorfamily他家境贫寒,可知"他热爱学习"为转折,应填转折连词but"但是"。故答案为:but。33.句意:夏天的时候,他不担心这个问题。根据下文Intheevening,hecaughtsome4(firefly),put5(they)inabaganduseditasalamp.傍晚,他捉了几只苍蝇,装进袋子里当灯用,可知夏天的时候,他不担心这个问题,应填介词in"在"。故答案为:in。34.句意:傍晚,他捉了几只苍蝇,装进袋子里当灯用。firefly萤火虫,可数名词。根据形容词some"一些",可知应填复数形式fireflies。故答案为:fireflies。35.句意:傍晚,他捉了几只苍蝇,装进袋子里当灯用。they它们,代词主格。根据空格前动词put"放",可知应填代词宾格them。故答案为:them。36.句意:他不得不只在晚上读书。haveto不得不,动词原形。根据文章时态为一般过去时,可知应填动词过去式had,作谓语。故答案为:had。37.句意:在下雪的夜晚,他出去在雪地里读书。snow下雪,动词。根据空格后名词nights"夜晚",可知应填形容词形式snowy"下雪的",作定语。故答案为:snowy。38.句意:当我们在生活中遇到困难时,不要灰心丧气。根据空格后可数名词单数time"时刻",以及以辅音音素开头的形容词hard"困难的",可知应填固定冠词a,泛指"一个困难的时刻"。故答案为:a。39.句意:即使在最困难的情况下,也有希望鼓励我们前进。hard困难的,形容词。根据

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