新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练九

阅读理解题型分类练(九)主旨大意题——标题归纳类AGutiérrez'slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingabandonedbooks.Itarousedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Heusedtotakehomebetween50and60bookseverymorning.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow­incomefamilies.Colombia'scapitalcityofBogotahas19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon­existentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Gutiérrez'scommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman'sgarbagecanbeanother'streasure.Gutiérrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasapassionatereaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutiérrez.Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary,called“TheStrengthofWords”，occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogota,andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon­fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20，000books!Aswordbegantospreadabouthisamazingproject,peoplebegansendinghimthousandsmorebookstogrowhislibrary.Despitehavingdonesomuchforhiscommunity,Gutiérrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday.Hecontinuestosearchthroughgarbagecansforreadingmaterials.Today,theGutiérrezfamilydoesnotmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatespacesforschoolchildrentospendtheirtimereading.Gutiérrez'sjourneytogivebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundus.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutiérrez'sbooksandimpactthelessfortunatearoundus?1．WhatinspiredGutiérreztorescueunwantedbooks?A．TheabandonedAnnaKarenina.B．LeoTolstoy'slife.C．Children'slivingconditions.D．Acommunitylibrary.2．WhydidGutiérrezstart“TheStrengthofWords”？A．Tocreateaharmoniousneighborhood.B．Togivehismothersufficientbooks.C．Tofacilitatechildren'sreading.D．Toimprovethecommunitylife.3．WhatcanbestdescribeGutiérrez?A．Devotedandtalented.B．Intelligentandgenerous.C．Passionateandwell­educated.D．Creativeandcaring.4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DesireforReadingB．FromGarbagetoTreasureC．Gutiérrez'sKindnessD．AnAmazingModelofEducationB[2023·福建省高三质量检测]Theresearchersdrewaconclusionthatorphaned(成为孤儿)elephantswouldbemorestressedoutthannon­orphans.There'salotofevidencethatthemother­childbondhelpsreducestressinanimals,whichhasbeendemonstratedpreviouslyinratsandbirds,saysthestudyleaderJennaParker.Elephantshavecomplicatedsocialstructuresanddeepfamilybonds.Becauseorphanedelephantsinthesameregiondieatahigherratethanelephantswithlivingmothers,itseemedlikeano­brainerthatsurvivingorphanswouldbestressedout.Theteam,however,madeanunexpectedfinding:Therereallywasn'tadifferenceinthestresshormone(荷尔蒙)levelsoforphanedandnon­orphanedelephants,aslongastheylivedwithfamilymembers,suchasaunts,cousins,orbrothersandsisters.Elephants—eventheorphans—thatlivedingroupswithfellowsoftheirownageturnedouttobeunderlessstressthanthosethatdidn't.Parkerrecallstwoorphansinthestudy,FridaandRothko.“Fridahadanon­functionalleftearandRothkohadanon­functionalrightear，”andtheywereinseparable,shesays.“Itwasasthoughtheyhadatleastonegoodsetofearsaslongastheyweretogether！”ThefindingsalsofitwithprevioussocialresearchinAfricanelephants,Parkersays.“Orphansincreaseinteractionwiththeiragematesaftertheirmother'sdeath.”Shenotesthatdominanceisstructuredbyageinelephants:Olderelephantsmayoutrankyoungerelephantswhenitcomestofood,forexample,butelephantsofthesameagearegenerallyequals.Withhuman­wildlifeconflictanddroughtthreatstoelephantsintheregion,thefindingspublishedtodayinCommunicationsBiologyofferanewinsightintohowhavingastrongfellowgroupmaycontributetoelephants'survival.Thisinformationcouldalsohelprecoveryfacilitiesthattakeinorphanedelephantssettheanimalsupforasuccessfulfutureinthewild—releasingtheminlargegroupsofbondedfellows,forexample.“Thebottomlinehereisthatelephantsneedelephants，”saysParker.“Andwhentheworsthappens,likelosingamother,somefindnewwaystosurviveandgrowhappily.”5．WhyarefamilybondsandsocialstructuresmentionedinParagraph1?A．Toprovetheirconnection.B．Toexplaintheirmeanings.C．Toshowtheirsignificance.D．Toclarifytheirdifferences.6．WhichstatementmayParkeragreewith?A．Non­orphansoutrankorphansinelephants.B．Orphanedelephantsareinneedoftheiragemates.C．Olderelephantstendtoattendtoyoungerelephants.D．Orphanedelephantspreferinteractionwitholderelephants.7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheteam'sresearchfindings?A．They'rebaseless.B．They'renovel.C．They'reoriginal.D．They'repredictable.8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HuntingandDroughtAreMajorThreatstoElephantsB.HumanProtectionHelpsOrphanedElephantsSurviveC.LivingwithOlderElephantsMayContributetoSurvivalD．FriendsMayBeKeytoStressReliefforOrphanedElephantsC[2023·泉州市高三质量监测]Someofthebiggestandmostsuccessfulcompaniesareopeningnewoffices,andtheirtrendiestfeatureisfocusedonplantsandinsects.AftermovingtoSeattle,Microsoftbegantobuilditsworkspacesoutdoors—andmorespecifically,inthetrees,whicharenowcomprisedof125buildings.Thisstyleofbiophilic(亲自然的)design—anintegrationofnaturalmaterials,naturallight,viewsofnatureandotherexperiencesofthenaturalworldintothebuiltenvironment—soundsprettyandgoodfortheplanet.Butthathardlyseemslikeenoughofareasonforbigcompaniestopaybillionsforbiophilicdesigns.Infact,theyaremotivatedbyeconomics.AstudywithemployeesoftheSacramentoMunicipalUtilityDistrictCallCenterrevealedthatworkerswhohadaviewofthenaturalenvironmenthandledabout7%morecallsthanthosewhodidnot.Thecostofreformingofficestogiveeachemployeeanoutdoorviewwasabout$1，000peremployee,whiletheirincreasedproductivityaddedupto$2，900inincreasedincomeperemployeeperyear.AnotherstudybytheThinkWoodcampaignconcludesthatnaturecanhaveabeneficialeffectoncreativity,concentrationandwell­being.Notonlydocool­lookingbiophilicofficeshelpcompaniesrecruit(聘请)talentinanincrediblytightlabormarket,buttheyalsonudgethenewtalenttoperformbetteratwork.“Beingmorecreativeandflexiblewithourworkspaceallowsustobemorecreativeandproductiveinourworkandtheproductswecreate.It'slikealittlegetaway，”saidBretBoulder,HeadofCapitalAssets.Ofcourse,smallcompaniesdon'thaveasparecoupleofbilliontospendon“park­like”outdooroffices.Butthegoodnewsisthatbiophilicdesignisnotnecessarilyexpensive.Evenjuststaringataneighboringgreenroofforlessthanaminutehasbeenshowntoboostproductivity.9．Wherecanyoufindthedefinitionofbiophilicdesign?A．InParagraph1.B．InParagraph2.C．InParagraph3.D．InParagraph4.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nudge”inParagraph4mean?A．Encourage.B．Anticipate.C．Remind.D．Promise.11．Whateffectcanbiophilicdesignsbringtooffices?A．Reducedbuildingcost.B．Competitiveatmosphere.C．Limitedworkplaceflexibility.D．Increasedproductivity.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．PuttingNaturetoWorkB．ATrendtoOpenNewOfficesC．LivingNaturallyandSimplyD．ANaturalBuildingDesigner[答题区]题号123456789101112答案阅读理解题型分类练(九)A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲解并描述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们起先阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思索。1．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据第一自然段可知，被遗弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》激发了古铁雷斯挽救不须要的书籍。2．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据第一自然段“Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow­incomefamilies.”以及第四自然段“Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary,called‘TheStrengthofWords’，occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogota,andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon­fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20，000books！”可知，古铁雷斯的TheStrengthofWords旨在便利孩子们阅读。3．答案与解析：D推理推断题。文章主要讲解并描述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们起先阅读的故事。由此可知，他既有创意又有爱心。故选D。4．答案与解析：B主旨大意题。文章主要讲解并描述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们起先阅读的故事。B项“FromGarbagetoTreasure(变废为宝)”最能概括本文主旨。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍同伴可以帮助孤儿大象缓解压力。5．答案与解析：C推理推断题。依据第一段中“Elephantshavecomplicatedsocialstructuresanddeepfamilybonds.Becauseorphanedelephantsinthesameregiondieatahigherratethanelephantswithlivingmothers,itseemedlikeano­brainerthatsurvivingorphanswouldbestressedout.”可推知，文中提到家庭关系和社会结构是为了说明它们对大象的意义。6．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据其次段以及第三段可推知，帕克可能会同意孤儿大象须要同龄的伙伴的说法。7．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Withhuman­wildlifeconflictanddroughtthreatstoelephantsintheregion,thefindingspublishedtodayinCommunicationsBiologyofferanewinsightintohowhavingastrongfellowgroupmaycontributetoelephants'survival.”可知，作者认为这个团队的