新教材2024版高中英语Unit3Backtothepast语法精讲3表语从句学生用书牛津译林版选择性必修第三册

语法精讲③表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在连系动词之后，句子的一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。1．由连词that,whether引导的表语从句。(1)that在引导表语从句时无实义，而whether有实义，意为“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是抽象名词，如problem,result,chance,suggestion,question,reason等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、说明等。❶Theresultoftheinventionofthesteamenginewasthathumanpowerwasreplacedbymechanicalpower.蒸汽机独创的结果是机械力代替了人力。❷Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.主要的问题是你想要你的手臂在睡袋的里面还是外面。(2)由连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever等引导的表语从句。❸AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeiswhathappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.正如约翰·列侬曾经说的，生活就是当你忙于制订其他支配时发生的事情。❹Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.问题是谁能做这项工作。(3)由连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的表语从句。❺Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什么时候我们可以获得加薪。(4)由连接词because,asif/though等引导的表语从句。❻Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseabout71%ofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%的面积是被水覆盖的。❼It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.这似乎是大脑在疼惜它最重要的记忆。即学即练1单句语法填空①—Whatamess!Youaresocareless!—I'msosorry.Iam________thetightschedulehasmademe.②Pleaseputthemedicineonthetopoftheshelf.It's________ourchildrencan'treachit.③Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas________wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.④Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain________shewasandwaitforhermother.⑤Ashipintheharbourissafe,butthat'snot________shipsarebuiltfor.⑥Actually,girlscanbe________theywanttobejustlikeboys,whetheritisapilot,anastronaut,oramanager.2．表语从句中须要留意的问题(1)表语从句属于名词性从句，要用陈述语序。❶TheproblemiswhowecangettotaketheplaceofJim.问题是我们能找谁去代替吉姆。(2)一般不行以用if引导，要用whether引导表语从句。❷Thequestioniswhetherwewillhaveoursportsmeetingnextweek.问题是我们下周是否会举办运动会。(3)表语从句中的虚拟语气问题①asif/though引导的表语从句常常置于连系动词be,look,seem,sound,become等后面。asif/though引导的表语从句的内容假如有明显的依据，很有可能发生，就用陈述语气；假如表述的内容与事实不符，就用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的构成为：比较主从句的两个动作，假如从句的动作表示一种状态或者和主句的动作同时发生，就用一般过去时表示虚拟(be动词的过去式统一用were)；假如从句的动作明显发生在主句的动作之前，就用过去完成时表示虚拟。❸Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.乌云密布，看起来似乎要下雨。(有明显的依据，用陈述语气)❹Youwillfeelasifyouwereathomehere.在这儿你会感觉似乎是在自己家一样。(不符合实际，并且表示一种状态，用一般过去时表示虚拟)❺Localpeoplesaidafterthestormitwasasiftherehadbeenanuclearexplosion.当地人说风暴过后似乎发生了核爆炸一样。(与事实不符，并且明显发生在主句动作之前，用过去完成时表示虚拟)②当主句的主语为表示要求、建议、嘱咐(suggestion,request,order,requirement)等的名词时，表语从句须要用虚拟语气，即谓语用shoulddo，其中should可以省略。❻Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)givehimahand.我的建议是我们应当帮他一把。即学即练2单句语法填空/完成句子①Theteacher'srequirementisthatwe________(recite)thepassagein20minutes.②Allshe'sworriedaboutis________heisallright.③问题是什么时候他才能到达酒店。Thequestionis________________________．④你爸爸想知道的是你跟同学们相处得怎么样。Whatyourfatherwantstoknowis________________________．3．表语从句的常见句型表语从句的常见句型有：Thereasonisthat...；It/This/Thatisbecause...；This/Thatiswhy...;That'swhere...等。❶Thereasonisthatyoudon'ttrusther.缘由是你不信任她。❷Hewassenttohospital.That'sbecausehewasill.他被送到了医院，那是因为他生病了。❸Thisisbecausethedirectcurrentalwaysflowsinawireinonedirection.这是由于直流电在导线中总沿着一个方向流淌。❹Hewasill.That'swhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，那是他被送到医院的缘由。❺Thatiswhyheatcanmeltice,vaporizewaterandcausebodiestoexpand.那就是热能使冰溶化、使水蒸发、使物体膨胀的缘由。❻Youaresayingwearebornequalandthat'swhereIagree.你说我们生而同等，那是我同意你的地方。即学即练3单句语法填空①—Hewasbornhere.—Thatis________helikestheplacesomuch.②—DoyouthinkitiswiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?—No,that's________theyaremistaken.③Sorry,hecan'tgowithyou.Thereasonis________hehassomethingtodotomorrow.④Thereasonwhyheisabsentfromschoolis________heisill.＝Heisill.That's________heisabsentfromschool.＝Heisabsentfromschool.That's________heisill.Ⅰ.单句语法填空(填入适当的关系词)1．Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.2．Thetroubleis________Iamanxioustofindmymicroscope,butitisnowheretobefound.3．Petershowedmethatwhatmattersis________youconveyyourownpassion.4．Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis________theinfectiondiseasecanbebroughtundercontrol.5．Thereason________hefeltfrustratedwas________hedidn'tattainhisgoal.6．Mysuggestionis________weshouldtryourbesttomakeourdreamsbecomeareality.7．Thekeyis________Icanfindavegetableoilrichinessentialfattyacids.8．Thedoctor'sadviceis________youshouldbuildupyourstrength.9．Thequestionis________willcometohelpusovercomethedifficulty.10．—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?—Oh,that's________makesmefeelfrustrated.11．Seethesorghuminthebags?Thatwas________wedidthismorning.12．Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe________wearenow.13．ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisis________decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowerscarriesspecialsignificance.14．Myquestionis________informationisstoredinthelong-termmemory.15．WhatIcan'tunderstandis________thenumberofnewstudentsinourschoolhasdecreased.Ⅱ.短语填空that,why,whether,what,asif,when,where,because,which,how1．Thequestiondiscussedatthemeetingwas____________itwasworthtrying.2．Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butitis____________itwereonlyyesterday.3．Thetroubleis____________Ilostthekeytomyroom.4．IfI'mabitsleepy,it's____________Iwasupallnight.5．Thesearenot____________Iwant.6．Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas____________hescoredthewinninggoal.7．Ididn'tphoneher,andthat's____________shegotangrywithme.8．Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That's____________Iwasborn.”9．Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon'tknowis____________bookitis.10．Thatis____________theyovercomethedifficulties.Ⅲ.用表语从句完成句子1．Thatis____________________(他拒绝接受它的缘由).2．Hisrequestis____________________(我们应努力工作).3．Itseems____________________(似乎他对这个事故一窍不通).4．Thefact____________________(是他没有真正地尝试).5．Thequestion____________________(是这部电影是否值得看).6．Now____________________(看起来她相识米莉已有好多年了).7．Myadvice____________________(是你尽可能常常地练习说英语).8．Thatis____________________(我第一次遇见她的地方).9.Theproblemis____________________(谁真正适合做这份艰苦的工作).语法精讲③表语从句即学即练1①what②where③when④where⑤what⑥whatever即学即练2①(should)recite②w