山西省阳泉市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试教学质量监测英语试题英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省阳泉市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测试题英语试题第一部分听力测试(共两节，满分10分)做题时，先将〖答案〗标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间把试卷上的〖答案〗填写到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.〖答案〗是B。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inaschool.B.Inalibrary.C.Inahospital.2.Whatkindofpersonistheman?A.Heisclever.B.Heisfunny.C.Heishonest.3.Whywasthemanfined$5?A.Hedidn’tnoticethesign.B.Hesmokedbeforethesign.C.Hedidn’tgivetheexcuse.4.Whatdothewoman’sfamilydowiththehighfoodcost?A.Theygrowtheirownfood.B.Theyhaveadisaster.C.Theyeatinarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn’tknowhowtobegintowriteaplay.B.Hecan’tunderstandthefirstpartoftheplay.C.Hedoesn’tunderstandthewholeplayatall.第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)请听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whereistheconversationmostlikelytotakeplace?A.Intheoffice.B.Inthesupermarket.C.Inthecoffeeshop.7.Whatdoesthewomanmeanwhensaying“I’muptomyearsinwork”?A.Sheusesherearstowork.B.Shehasgotalotofworktodo.C.Shehastofinishherreport.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatcoursehastheboychosenthisterm?A.Politics.B.Economics.C.Notknownyet.9.WhatdoesthegirlthinkofProfessorJohnson?A.Excellent.B.Good.C.Notasgoodasexpected.10.WhydoesJennysayProfessorJohnsonisbehindthetimes?A.Becauseheisteachingwhathetaughttenyearsago.B.Becauseheisnotintelligentenoughtoteachnow.C.Becauseheisnotupdatedinthewayheisdressed.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节阅读下面两篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)AEveryspring,astheweatherwarms,treesupanddowntheEastCoastexplodeinadisplayofbrightgreenlifeasleavesfilltheirbranches,andeveryfall,thesameleavesprovideoneofnature’sgreatcolordisplaysofvividyellow,orangeandred.Thankstoclimatechange,thetimingoftheseeventshasshiftedoverthelasttwodecades,Harvardscientistssay.AndrewRichardson,anassociateprofessoroforganismicandevolutionarybiology,andresearchassociateTrevorKeenanworkedwithcolleaguesfromsevendifferentinstitutionsonastudywhichfoundthatforeststhroughouttheeasternUnitedStatesareshowingsignsofspringgrowthdramaticallyearlier,andthatthegrowingseasoninsomeareasextendsfurtherintothefall.Richardsonsaid,“Climatechangeisn’tjustaboutwarmertemperatures.It’salsoaboutchangesinprecipitation(降水)patterns...sointhefuture,anearlierspringmightnothelpforeststakeupmorecarbondioxideiftheyenduprunningoutofwaterinmid-summer.”Theresearchcombinedinformationfromthreesources.Usingsatellitedata,Keenantrackedwhenforestsacrosstheregionbegantoturngreeninthespring,andwhenleavesbegantoturnyellowinthefall.GroundobservationsmadeeverythreetosevendaysattheHarvardForestinPetershamandalong-termresearchsiteinNewHampshireprovidedinformationaboutthestateofbuds,leavesandbranches.Whencombinedwithrecordsfrominstrumenttowers,thedatasetsallowedtheresearcherstopaintarichlydetailedpicturethatshowsspringstartingearlier,andthegrowingseasonlastinglongerthanatanypointinthepasttwodecades.Anotherimportantresult,Richardsonsaid,wasthediscoveryofasignificantsourceoferrorinexistingcomputermodelsonhowforestecosystemswork.“Thisshowsanopportunitytoimprovethemodelsandhowtheysimulatehowforestswillworkunderfutureclimatescenariosforecast.”hesaid.Therealpowerofthefindings,however,maybeinhelpingtomaketheeffectsofclimatechangeclearertothepublic,theresearcherssaid.1.WhatisthereasonoftheearlierspringaccordingtotheHarvardscientists?A.Thehumanactivities. B.Theclimatechange.C.Thetreegrowth. D.Thereductioninwater.2.WhatcanweinferfromRichardson’swordsinthefourthparagraph?A.Anearlierspringcanonlybringbenefits.B.Theinfluenceofclimatechangeiscomplex.C.Thewaterinmid-summerwillincrease.D.Theroleofforestsbecomeslessimportant.3.Whatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordsimulateintheseventhparagraph?A.Change B.Explain C.Imitate D.Create4.Whatistherealpowerofthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Ithelpsscientiststofigureouthowforestecosystemswork.B.Itreflectshowthegrowingseasonisextendingfaster.C.Itprovidesanopportunitytoimprovethecomputermodels.D.Ithelpstomaketheeffectsofclimatechangeclearertothepublic.5.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Totelluspeopleshouldbemoreawareoftheclimatechange.B.Totellustheclimatechangehassomeeffectsontheworld.C.TotellustheearlyspringineasternUSAisagoodtimetotravel.D.Totellushightechnologyisusefultodetecttheclimatechange.〖答案〗1.B2.B3.C4.D5.A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了哈佛大学科学家们进行了一项研究，气候变化会导致季节发生变化，并能帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响。【1题详析】细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Thankstoclimatechange,thetimingoftheseeventshasshiftedoverthelasttwodecades,Harvardscientistssay(哈佛大学的科学家表示，由于气候变化，这些事件的发生时间在过去二十年中发生了变化。)”可知，根据哈佛大学科学家的说法，早春的原因是气候变化，故选B。【2题详析】推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Climatechangeisn’tjustaboutwarmertemperatures.It’salsoaboutchangesinprecipitation(降水)patterns(气候变化不仅仅是气温升高，还与降水模式的变化有关)”可知，在第四段中从理查森的话中推断出气候变化的影响是复杂的，故选B。【3题详析】词义猜测题。文章第六段讲到“Anotherimportantresult,Richardsonsaid,wasthediscoveryofasignificantsourceoferrorinexistingcomputermodelsonhowforestecosystemswork.(另一个重要的结果是，在现有的计算机模型中发现了森林生态系统如何工作的一个重要错误来源)”可知，第七段中带下划线的单词所在句子Thisshowsanopportunitytoimprovethemodelsandhowtheysimulatehowforestswillworkunderfutureclimatescenariosforecast的意思是：这显示了一个改进模型的机会，以及它们如何模拟森林在未来气候情景预测下的工作。可知划线单词的意思最接近“模拟”，故选C。【4题详析】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Therealpowerofthefindings,however,maybeinhelpingtomaketheeffectsofclimatechangeclearertothepublic,theresearcherssaid.(然而，研究人员表示，这些发现的真正力量可能是帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响)”可知，研究结果的真正力量是它有助于让公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响，故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了哈佛大学科学家们进行了一项研究，气候变化会导致季节发生变化，并能帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响。尤其是文章最后一段讲到“Therealpowerofthefindings,however,maybeinhelpingtomaketheeffectsofclimatechangeclearertothepublic,theresearcherssaid.(然而，研究人员表示，这些发现的真正力量可能是帮助公众更清楚地了解气候变化的影响)”可知，本文的目的是告诉我们，人们应该更加了解气候变化，故选A。BSocialnetworkingwebsiteslikeTwitterandFacebookcanhaveanegativeinfluenceonpeople’smoralvaluesandcanmakethemindifferenttohumansuffering,accordingtoanewreportbyresearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia(USC).Newfindingssuggestthatthestreamsofinformationprovidedbythewebsitesaretoofastforthebrain’smoralsensetodigestandcouldaffectyoungpeople’semotionaldevelopment.Beforethebraincanfullyprocessandabsorbastoryofpainandsuffering,itisattackedbythenextnewsorthelatestTwitterupdate,accordingtotheUSCneurosciencegroup.Qualitiessuchasadmirationandcompassiontakemuchlongertoprocess,saidoneofthestudy’sauthors,AntonioDamasio.Thestudyresultswerebasedonreal-lifestoriesthatwereintendedtoinduce(诱导)admirationforvirtueorskill,orcompassion(同情)forphysicalorsocialsufferingin13volunteerindividuals.Attheenditwasfoundthattheparticipantsneededsixtoeightsecondsinordertofullyreacttostoriesofvirtueorsocialsuffering.However,onceawakened,theresponseslastedfarlongerthanthevolunteers’reactionstostoriesfocusedonphysicalpain.Newfindingsraisequestionsabouttheemotionalcost,inparticular,forthedevelopingyoungbrain,ofheavydependenceonanextremelyfaststreamofnewssnippets(片段)obtainedbymeansofTV,theInternetorsocialnetworkssuchasTwitterandFacebook.“Ifthingsarehappeningtoofast,youmaynoteverfullyexperienceemotionsaboutotherpeople’smentalstates,andthatwouldhaveeffectsonyourmorality.”Damasiosaid.Ingeneral,normallifeeventswillalwaysgivepeopleopportunitiestoexperienceadmirationandcompassion.Butactivitiessuchasreadingbooksandsocializingwithfriends,whereindividualscandefinetheirmorals,arebeinggraduallyreplacedbyalarmingandfast-movingsocialnetworking,andpeoplemaybeledawayfromlearningabouthumanity.6.Whycansocialnetworkingwebsiteshaveanegativeinfluenceonpeople’smoralvaluesaccordingtothetext?A.Theypromotenegativemoralvaluesforpeopleinsuffering.B.Theyalwayscontainlotsofstoriesofsocialsufferinginthereallife.C.Theinformationcomessofastthatthereisn’tenoughtimetodigestit.D.Thenewsonsuchsitesisbasedonreal-lifestoriesofsadnessandsuffering.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.People’smoralvaluesareformedbyfastpublicinformationlikeFacebook.B.Thedevelopmentofyoungpeople’sbraindependsstronglyonnormallifeevents.C.Peoplecanexperienceotherpeople’semotionsquicklybecauseoffastinformation.D.Thereare13volunteerindividualswhotakepartinthestudyonsocialmedia.8.Whyarepeopleledawayfromlearningabouthumanitybyfastinformation?A.Normallifeeventscannotprovideexperiencesofhumanity.B.Peopledon’tlikeactivitiesthatcandefinemoralsinlife.C.Activitiesthatdefinemoralsarebeingreplacedbysocialnetworking.D.Peoplearenotencouragedtodoactivitiesthatdefinemorals.9.Wherecanthetextbediscovered?A.Anentertainmentbook B.AsciencemagazineC.Asciencefictionnovel D.Ahealthhandbook10.Whatmaycontinuetobewrittenafterthelastparagraph?A.Thewaystomakepeoplewatchonlinevideosless.B.Thewaystomakesocialwebsitesmorepopular.C.Thewaystomakemorereportspublished.D.Thewaystomakepeople’sbrainslesscomplex.〖答案〗6.C7.D8.C9.B10.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一份新的研究报告结果：Twitter和Facebook等社交网站可能会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响，并使他们对人类苦难漠不关心。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Newfindingssuggestthatthestreamsofinformationprovidedbythewebsitesaretoofastforthebrain’smoralsensetodigestandcouldaffectyoungpeople’semotionaldevelopment.(新的发现表明，网站提供的信息流太快，大脑的道德感无法消化，可能会影响年轻人的情绪发展。)”可知，社交网站会对人们的道德价值产生负面影响是因为信息来得太快，以至于没有足够的时间来消化它。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thestudyresultswerebasedonreal-lifestoriesthatwereintendedtoinduce(诱导)admirationforvirtueorskill,orcompassion(同情)forphysicalorsocialsufferingin13volunteerindividuals.(研究结果基于真实生活中的故事，这些故事旨在诱导13名志愿者对美德或技能的钦佩，或对身体或社会痛苦的同情。)”可知，有13名志愿者在社交媒体上参与了这项研究。故选D。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butactivitiessuchasreadingbooksandsocializingwithfriends,whereindividualscandefinetheirmorals,arebeinggraduallyreplacedbyalarmingandfast-movingsocialnetworking,andpeoplemaybeledawayfromlearningabouthumanity.(但是，诸如读书和与朋友社交等个人可以定义自己道德的活动正逐渐被令人担忧的快速发展的社交网络所取代，人们可能会因此而无法了解人性。)”可知，由于定义道德的活动正被社交网络所取代，所以人们被快速的信息引导而无法了解人性。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“SocialnetworkingwebsiteslikeTwitterandFacebookcanhaveanegativeinfluenceonpeople’smoralvaluesandcanmakethemindifferenttohumansuffering,accordingtoanewreportbyresearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia(USC).(根据南加州大学研究人员的一份新报告，Twitter和Facebook等社交网站可能会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响，并使他们对人类苦难漠不关心。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一份新的研究报告，所以本文最有可能出现在科学杂志上。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了南加州大学的一份研究报告结果——Twitter和Facebook等社交网站可能会对人们的道德价值观产生负面影响，并使他们对人类苦难漠不关心，并分析了产生这一现象的原因。根据最后一段“Butactivitiessuchasreadingbooksandsocializingwithfriends,whereindividualscandefinetheirmorals,arebeinggraduallyreplacedbyalarmingandfast-movingsocialnetworking,andpeoplemaybeledawayfromlearningabouthumanity.(但是，诸如读书和与朋友社交等个人可以定义自己道德的活动正逐渐被令人担忧的快速发展的社交网络所取代，人们可能会因此而无法了解人性。)”可知，本文接下来会介绍让人们少看在线视频的方法。故选A。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)Question:RecentlyIheardthenewsthatabout5,000peopledieinfiresayear,and80percentofthesedeathsoccurinhousefires.FireskillmorepeopleperyearintheUnitedStatesthanalltheothernaturaldisasters.____11____Couldyouhelpme?Answer:Don’tworry.Infact,mostfirescanbeavoidableandeasilyprevented.Herearesometipsforpreventingafireinyourownhome.◆Disposeofallcigarettebutts(烟头).Neverleavethemoutwherebabiesorchildrencanreachthem.____12____Keepashtrayscleanandsafebypromptlydisposingoftheash.◆Avoidsmokinginbed.Incaseyoufallasleeponthecouchwhilewatchingtelevision,donotsmokewhilelyingonthecouch.◆Keepalllighterssafelyoutofreachofbabiesandchildren.◆Donotoverloadelectricalcircuits,andcheckelectricalappliancesregularlyforlooseconnectionsordamagedcords.◆____13____Thesewouldincludethekitchen,nearthefurnaceandfireplace,andthegarage.Examinetheextinguishers(灭火器)yearlyforpressureandexpirationdate(有效期).◆Installsmokedetectors.Makesurethatthereisadetectoroneverylevelofthehouse.Also,makesurethatthereisasmokedetectorneareverybedroom.____14____◆Installaropeladderorfireescapeinselectedwindowsupstairs.Makesurethatallfamilymembersknowhowtousetheladder.◆Comeupwithanemergencyescapeplan.____15____A.However,Idon’tknowhowtopreventhousefires.B.Haveadesignatedmeetingareaoutsidethehome.C.Havefireextinguishersinhigh-riskareasofyourhome.D.Keepcandleswheretheywillnotbeaccidentallyknockedover.E.Discussitwiththefamilyandhaveeveryonepracticeusingtheescaperoutes.F.Ifyousmoke,getintothehabitofproperlydisposingofyourbuttsimmediately.G.Checkyoursmokedetectorsmonthlyandreplacethebatteriesatleastonceayear.〖答案〗11.A12.F13.C14.G15.E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出关于如何预防火灾的一些方法。【11题详析】上文“FireskillmorepeopleperyearintheUnitedStatesthanalltheothernaturaldisasters.(在美国，每年死于火灾的人比死于其他自然灾害的人要多。)”说明火灾会造成严重损失，选项A“然而，我不知道如何防止房屋火灾。”承接上文，转折语义，说明自己不知道如何防止火灾，引出下文“Couldyouhelpme?(你能帮我吗？)”，和选项之间存在因果关系，再引出下文关于如何预防火灾一些方法的回答。故选A项。【12题详析】上文“Disposeofallcigarettebutts(烟头).(销毁所有烟头。)”建议销毁烟头，选项F“如果你吸烟，立即养成正确处理烟蒂的习惯。”给出销毁烟头的具体建议。故选F项。【13题详析】下文“Thesewouldincludethekitchen,nearthefurnaceandfireplace,andthegarage.Examinetheextinguishers(灭火器)yearlyforpressureandexpirationdate(有效期).(这些房间包括厨房，靠近火炉和壁炉，还有车库。每年检查灭火器的压力和失效日期。)”说明要关注某些重要场所，检查那里的灭火器。选项C“在家中的高危区域安装灭火器。”概括了下文，建议在高位区域安装灭火器。故选C项。【14题详析】上文“Installsmokedetectors.(安装烟雾探测器。)”建议安装烟雾探测器，选项G“每月检查烟雾探测器，每年至少更换一次电池。”建议维护烟雾探测器。描述对象一致，故选G项。【15题详析】上文“Comeupwithanemergencyescapeplan.(制定一个紧急逃生计划。)”建议制定逃生计划，选项E“与家人讨论，让每个人练习使用逃生路线。”说明逃生计划的具体实施。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mychildhoodsmelledalotlikecrayons(蜡笔).Icannot____16____when,butitwasMomwhogavememyfirstboxofcrayons,whichwasa(n)____17____boxoften.Iwastotally____18____aboutdrawingthen.RedandyellowusedtobemyfavoriteandI____19____greyforsomereason.Iusedtodrawoutlineswithpencilfirstandthen____20____theinsidewithcrayons.Ialwaysconcludedthatallthecolorsintheworldwereinmybox,andtheywere____21____inmylittleworld,untilthedayItookthemtoclassforadrawing____22____.ThatdayIsawmanyothercolorsoftheworld.Myfriendscametocompetewithboxesof20and30____23____each.Theirboxeshadcopper,magenta(紫红色),lime(绿黄色)andwhateverwasnotinmine.____24____thefactthatIhadlotsofcolors____25____,itwasstillokaythough,becauseIfeltIhadsomeofthemostbeautifulcolors.Iwatchedmyfriendssketchsowonderfullywithwhatthey____26____,andIstartedfeelinglikeawhitecrayon:____27____andunproductive.Asthecompetition____28____,myfriendwithabiggerboxaskedmeformygreyandgreencrayons,ashiswerebroken.I____29____themandsawhimmixthemwithred,rubhishandonthedrawingandcreateafascinatingshade.Iusedtoputthegreycrayoninthecorneroftheboxand____30____useit.Itwasstill____31____andpointedandwasnowfinallyusefulforsomeoneelseattherighttime.Myfriend’sfacewasfilledwith____32____ashereturnedthem,withasmilethatwassotouching.Youmightneverbethe____33____colorforsomeone,butthedaywillcomewhentheyaregoingto____34____youtofinishamasterpiece.And,justlikethat,youbecomeacrayonthataddsalittlecolortosomeone’s____35____.16.A.forget B.recall C.learn D.prove17.A.expensive B.interesting C.splendid D.unusual18.A.crazy B.proud C.sure D.busy19.A.hid B.lost C.dropped D.hated20.A.mark B.color C.touch D.offer21.A.advanced B.common C.precise D.perfect22.A.performance B.exhibition C.competition D.lecture23.A.dollars B.tickets C.books D.crayons24.A.Despite B.As C.Except D.Under25.A.left B.ready C.missing D.usable26.A.owned B.borrowed C.pulled D.received27.A.hopeless B.careless C.loveless D.useless28.A.wentthrough B.cameback C.wenton D.setout29.A.kept B.shared C.carried D.chose30.A.ever B.always C.never D.sometimes31.A.normal B.hard C.fresh D.firm32.A.joy B.worry C.pity D.regret33.A.beautiful B.ordinary C.popular D.favorite34.A.ask B.advise C.help D.need35.A.eye B.box C.smile D.word〖答案〗16.B17.C18.A19.D20.B21.D22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.D28.C29.B30.C31.C32.A33.D34.D35.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述童年时期的一盒蜡笔给作者带来的感悟。【16题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得是什么时候，但妈妈给了我第一盒蜡笔，那是一盒精美的十支蜡笔。A.forget忘记；B.recall回想；C.learn学习；D.prove证明。根据上文“Mychildhood”可知，此处是描述童年时期的一盒蜡笔，所以指回想不起来是什么时候，故选B。【17题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.expensive昂贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.splendid非常好的；D.unusual不同寻常的。根据上文“myfirstboxofcrayons(我的第一盒蜡笔)”及下一段中“Ialwaysconcludedthatallthecolorsintheworldwereinmybox(我总是认为世界上所有的颜色都在我的盒子里)”可知，第一盒蜡笔对作者来说应是精美无比，故选C。【18题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时我对画画非常着迷。A.crazy狂热的，迷恋的；B.proud骄傲的，自豪的；C.sure确定的；D.busy忙碌的。根据“Redandyellowusedtobemyfavorite(红色和黄色曾经是我的最爱)”可知，作者喜欢画画，故选A。【19题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：红色和黄色曾经是我的最爱，出于某种原因，我讨厌灰色。A.hid躲，藏；B.lost失去；C.dropped投，丢；D.hated厌恶，不喜欢。前一个分句是讲喜欢的颜色，此处应是讲不喜欢的颜色，下文第四段中“Iusedtoputthegreycrayoninthecornerofthebox(我过去常把灰色蜡笔放在盒子的角落里)”也是〖提示〗，故选D。【20题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我习惯先用铅笔画出轮廓，然后用蜡笔在里面上色。A.mark做记号；B.color给……涂颜色；C.touch触碰；D.offer提供。根据“withcrayons”可知，蜡笔是彩色的，所以是用蜡笔涂颜色，故选B。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我总是认为世界上所有的颜色都在我的盒子里，它们在我的小世界里是完美的，直到有一天我带着它们去上课参加绘画比赛。A.advanced先进的；B.common普通的；C.precise精确的；D.perfect完美的。根据“Ialwaysconcludedthatallthecolorsintheworldwereinmybox”可知，作者认为自己的蜡笔很完美，故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.performance表演；B.exhibition展览；C.competition竞赛；D.lecture演讲。根据下一段中“Myfriendscametocompete…(我的朋友们来比赛……)”可知，作者是去参加绘画比赛，故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们拿着20支和30支一盒的蜡笔来比赛。A.dollars美元；B.tickets票；C.books书；D.crayons蜡笔。根据下一句“Theirboxeshadcopper,magenta(紫红色),lime(绿黄色)…(他们的盒子里有铜色，紫红色，绿黄色……)”可知，此处是指朋友们的盒子里有很多颜色的蜡笔，故选D。【24题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我缺少很多颜色，但这仍然没关系，因为我觉得我有一些最美丽的颜色。A.Despite尽管；B.As作为；C.Except除了；D.Under在……下面。结合句意可知，此处表示让步关系，用介词Despite，故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.left剩余的；B.ready准备好的；C.missing缺少的，丢失的；D.usable能用的。根据上文“Theirboxeshadcopper,magenta(紫红色),lime(绿黄色)andwhateverwasnotinmine.(他们的盒子里有铜色的、紫红色的、绿黄色，还有我盒子里没有的颜色)”可知，与朋友们的蜡笔相比，作者的蜡笔缺少很多颜色，故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看着我的朋友们用他们拥有的东西画得如此精彩，我开始觉得自己像一支白色的蜡笔：没用，没有成效。A.owned拥有；B.borrowed借；C.pulled拉，拽；D.received收到。结合语境及上文“Theirboxeshadcopper,magenta(紫红色),lime(绿黄色)”可知，朋友们用他们拥有的五颜六色的蜡笔作画，故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.hopeless没有希望的；B.careless粗心的；C.loveless没有爱的；D.useless没有用的。空处和“unproductive”并列，结合“awhitecrayon”可知，白色的蜡笔没有什么用，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着比赛的继续，我那个拿着大盒子的朋友向我要灰色和绿色的蜡笔，因为他的蜡笔坏了。A.wentthrough经历；B.cameback回来；C.wenton继续；D.setout出发。结合语境可知，此处指随着比赛的继续，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了它们，看到他把它们和红色混合在一起，用手在画上摩擦，创造出一个迷人的阴影。A.kept保持；B.shared分享；C.carried携带；D.chose选择。根据“sawhimmixthemwithred”可知，作者把灰色的蜡笔分享给朋友，故选B。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾经把灰色蜡笔放在盒子的角落里，从来不用。A.ever曾经；B.always总是；C.never从不；D.sometimes有时。上文提到作者不喜欢灰色，结合“Iusedtoputthegreycrayoninthecornerofthebox”可知，作者从不用灰色的蜡笔，故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它仍然是新鲜的、尖的，现在终于在合适的时候对别人有用了。A.normal正常的；B.hard硬的，困难的；C.fresh新的，新鲜的；D.firm牢固的，坚定的。结合上文内容可知，因为从来不用灰色蜡笔，所以它们还是新的，故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友回赠礼物时，脸上充满了喜悦，他的微笑是如此动人。A.joy高兴，喜悦；B.worry担忧；C.pity遗憾；D.regret后悔。根据“withasmile”可知，朋友的脸上充满了喜悦，故选A。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能永远不会是别人最喜欢的颜色，但总有一天，他们会需要你完成一件杰作。A.beautiful美丽的；B.ordinary普通的；C.popular流行的；D.favorite最喜欢的。根据上文朋友用作者不喜欢的灰色完成画作及下文“butthedaywillcomewhen,theyaregoingto________youtofinishamasterpiece”表达的转折意义可知，此处指虽然你可能不是别人最喜欢的颜色，但也会有用你完成杰作的那一天，故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.ask问；B.advise建议；C.help帮助；D.need需要。根据下文“youbecomeacrayonthataddsalittlecolor”可知，此处指“需要你来完成画作”，故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就这样，你变成了一根蜡笔，为别人的微笑增添了色彩。A.eye眼睛；B.box盒子；C.smile微笑；D.word单词，话语。上文“withasmilethatwassotouching”提到朋友完成画作后脸上洋溢着微笑，所以此处指“为别人的微笑增添了色彩”，故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizein2015forherresearch,____36____ledtothediscoveryofartemisinin.Artemisinin____37____(save)alargenumberoflivessinceitwasdiscovered.After____38____(graduate)fromuniversity,TuYouyouworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine.In1967,TuYouyou____39____(choose)asaresearcherofateamofscientistswhodetermined____40____(overcome)malaria.____41____(evaluate)280,000plants,theytested380distinctancientChinesemedical____42____(treat)andfocusedontheextractfromsweetwormwood.TuYouyouanalyzeditagain,and____43____chance,shefoundasubstancethatworkedbydealingwiththesweetwormwoodatalowertemperature.Theteam’shardwork____44____(eventual)paidoffin1971._____45_____impressedthewholeworldisthatTuYouyouthoughtthediscoveryofartemisininwasateameffortandtheNobelPrizewasanhonourforChina’sscientificresearch!〖答案〗36.which37.hassaved38.graduating39.waschosen40.toovercome41.Evaluating##Havingevaluated42.treatments43.by44.eventually45.What【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了科学家屠呦呦的事迹。【36题详析】考查定语从句。句意：屠呦呦因其导致青蒿素发现的研究被授予2015年诺贝尔奖。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为herresearch，应用关系代词which引导，在从句中作主语，指代事物。故填which。【37题详析】考查时态。句意：自青蒿素被发现以来，它挽救了许多人的生命。根据以since引导的时间状语从句可知，此处应用现在完成时。主谓一致，故填hassaved。【38题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：大学毕业后，屠呦呦在中国中医药研究院工作。介词后应用动名词作宾语。故填graduating。【39题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：1967年，屠呦呦被选为一个决心战胜疟疾的科学家团队的研究员。谓语动词choose和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语In1967可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。结合主谓一致，故填waschosen。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1967年，屠呦呦被选为一个决心战胜疟疾的科学家团队的研究员。determinetodosth是固定句型，动词不定式作宾语。故填toovercome。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们评估了28万株植物，测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，并重点研究了青蒿的提取物。动词evaluate和主语之间是主动关系，可以用其现在分词作状语，表示伴随；也可以用其现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。句首字母大写，故填Evaluating##Havingevaluated。【42题详析】考查名词。句意：他们评估了28万株植物，测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，并重点研究了青蒿的提取物。根据数词380可知，此处应用名词treatment的复数作动词tested的宾语。故填treatments。【43题详析】考查介词。句意：屠呦呦再次分析，在一次偶然的机会中，她发现了一种可以在较低温度下处理青蒿的物质。bychance“偶然地”是固定搭配。故填by。【44题详析】考查副词。句意：该团队的辛勤工作终于在1971年得到了回报。修饰动词用副词。故填eventually。【45题详析】考查名词性从句。句意：让全世界印象深刻的是，屠呦呦认为青蒿素的发现是团队的努力，诺贝尔奖是中国科研的荣誉！此处引导名词性从句作主语，从句中缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导，意为“……的事物”。句首字母大写，故填What。第四部分写作(共两节，满分25分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)46.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastSaturday,wehavenolessons.MyfriendsandIdecidedtohelpthefarmerspickapplesbecausetheywereverybusily.LiHongandIclimbedupabigappletree.Therewereaquantityapplesonit.Shecouldn’tgettheapplebecausetheyweretoohigh.Icarriedtheladderforher.Soontheypickedmanybasketsofapplesorthetrucksarrived.Weallgotdownandhelptoloadtheapplesontothetrucks.Thesetruckswouldcarryouttheapplestothecitiesandthehardworkingandsimplyfarmerscouldgettheirmoneyback.Thefarmershadaharvesttime!〖答案〗1.have→had

2.busily→busy

3.quantity后加of

4.apple→apples

5.the→a

6.they→we

7.or→and

8.help→helped

9.去掉carry后的out

10.simply→simple【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周六，我和朋友们帮助农民摘苹果的事。【详析】1.考查动词时态。句意：上星期六，我们没有课。根据时间状语LastSaturday可知，谓语动词have应该用一般过去时。故将have改为had。2.考查形容词。句意：我的朋友们和我决定帮助农民摘苹果，因为他们很忙。分析句子结构可知，were是系动词，后应接形容词busy作表语。故将busily改为busy。3.考查固定短语。句意：上面有许多苹果。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定短语搭配：aquantityof意为“大量的”。故在quantity后加of。4.考查名词。句意：她摘不到苹果，因为它们太高了。根据前文“Therewereaquantityofapplesonit.”可知，树上有很多苹果，她摘苹果不会只摘一颗，所以此处应该用复数形式。故将apple改为apples。5.考查冠词。句意：我为她搬了一架梯子。分析句子结构可知，ladder意为“梯子”，为可数名词，第一次出现，泛指，句中用的单数形式，它是辅音音素开头，所以前应该用a修饰而不是the。故将the改为a。6.考查代词。句意：不久我们就摘了许多筐苹果，卡车也来了。根据前文可知，本文说的是我和朋友们去帮助农民摘苹果，所以本句主语应是we“我们”。故将they改为we。7.考查连词。句意：不久我们就摘了许多筐苹果，卡车也来了。分析句子结构可知，本句是陈述句，所以表并列是应该用and，而or表并列用于否定和疑问句中。故将or改为and。8.考查动词时态。句意：我们都下来帮忙把苹果装上卡车。分析句子结构可知，根据本文的时间状语LastSaturday，所以并列谓语动词help应该用一般过去时。故将help改为helped。9.考查介词。句意：这些卡车将把苹果运到城市，勤劳朴素的农民就可以拿回他们的钱。分析句子结构可知，carryout意为“进行、实施”，不符合本句句意，本句只需单用carry“运送”之意即可。故去掉carry后的out。10.考查形容词。句意：这些卡车将把苹果运到城市，勤劳朴素的农民就可以拿回他们的钱。分析句子结构可知，名词farmers，应该用形容词修饰，simply的形容词形式是simple。故将simply改为simple。第二节书面表达(满分15分)47.假定你是李华，最近，你校学生会对分类垃圾箱是否进学校一事进行了调查，调查结果见下图。请根据图示提供的信息用英语写一篇作文，给校报投稿，内容包括：学生对分类垃圾箱进学校的不同看法及所占比例1.同意60%：有利于资源回收，并有助于学生养成良好的垃圾分类习惯;2.不同意30%：麻烦，习惯很难改;3.无所谓10%：此事与我无关;4.表达你自己的观点。注意：1.词数不少于100;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：饼状图piechart__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________〖答案〗DearEditor,RecentlytheStudents’Unionhasconductedasurveyonwhetherrecyclingdustbinsshouldbesetatschool.Seenfromthepiechart,opinionsaredividedaboutthisact.Morethanhalfofthestudents,60%,arecompletelyforthisact,asitisnotonlybeneficialtorecyclingofresources,butalsocanhelpstudentsdeveloptheirgoodhabitsofgarbageclassification.However,surprisingly,30%ofthestudentsholdtheoppositeopinion.Theyconsiderittroublesomeandresistchangingtheiroldhabits.Besides,therestcarelittleaboutitfortheythinkitisnoneoftheirbusiness.Personally,I’minfavorofthisact.Ibelieveit’simportanttoraisepeople’sawarenessofgarbageclassification,fromwhichwewillgetgreatbenefitsforthefuture.Yours,LiHua.【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生对分类垃圾