新教材2021-2022学年高中外研版英语必修第一册练习：单元素养培优Unit6Atonewithnature

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单元素养培优（六）Unit6

I.单词拼写

1.Thedroughtkilledourcrops（庄稼），andtherewasn'tenoughgrassfor

thecattle.

2.Howmanydynasties（朝代）arethereinChina/shistory?

3.Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceIpublished（出版）mvfirstbook.

4.Thecompanyrented（租用）thebuilding,occupiedpartandsubletthe

rest.

5.Badweatherprevented（阻挡,防止）mefromstarting.

6.Theeventsarewrapped（包裹）inmystery.

7.IguesstherearemuchlesspeopleintheArcticregions（地区）than

here.

8.HisextensiveexperienceinotherpartsofAsiahelpedhimtoovercome

culturalbarriers（障碍）.

9.Allthematerials（材料）havebeenprepared.

10.Thetestcanberunonvariousplatforms（平台）andenvironments.

II.用适当的介、副词填空

1.Wewillstandupandholdtogetheralwaysasonefamilyinharmony!

2.Floodswashedmuchofthetopsoilaway.

3.Warwickishometosome550internationalstudents.

4.Humanhealthisconnectedwithwhetherthedrinkingwateriscleanor

not.

5.Theycomeoutonlyatnightandfeedonsomeinsects.

6.It'swell-knownthatfirecan'tbewrappedinpaper.

7.Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwithsnacks.

8.Peoplechangetheirmindforavarietyofreasons.

9.Doeshestillliveintheflatthatwasrentedfromalocalfarmerthree

yearsago?

10.Hisloyaltytohisfriendswasneverindoubt.

m.翻译句子

1.过去30年我的家乡发生了很大变化。(takeplace)

Thepast30vearshasseenthegreatchangesthathavetakenplacein

mvhometown.

2.学生们很重视这次考试的成绩。(attachsignificanceto)

Thestudentsattachgreatsignificancetotheresultoftheexam.

3.要过上幸福的生活，我们应该与自然和谐相处。(inharmonywith)

Toliveahappvlife,weshouldbeinharmonvwithnature.

4.她爸爸提醒她甜食对她的牙齿有害。(remind)

Herdadremindedherthatsugarvtreatswerebadforherteeth.

5.学校将重点发展理科、数学和现代语言。(priority)

Theschoolwillgiveprioritvtoscience,mathsandmodern

languages.

6.在他的讲话中，他提到了最近的加拿大之行。（referto）

Inhisspeech,hereferredtoarecenttriDtoCanada.

7.学生们的兴趣大多限于学术领域。（belimitedto）

Students'interestsaremostlvlimitedtotheacademicarea.

8.夏天让我精力充沛。（energy）

Summermakesmefullofenergv.

IV.阅读理解

A

（2021•北京高一检测）

Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,trees

communicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenext

generation?

UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplex

thanmostofuseverimagined.

AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingfor

survivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,the

oppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,

passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit".

Nitrogen（氮）andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofunderground

fungi（真菌）networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecological

systemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.

Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons

（神经元）inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.

Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldest

plantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespass

onthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralsto

youngtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown

“mothertrees“withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties"

orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesof

survivalfortheentireforest.

“Wedidn'ttakeanynoticeofit,"Simardsayssadly."Dyingtrees

movenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergive

themchance."Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,

wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotection

effortsforthefuture.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了树木比我们大多数人想象

得要复杂得多，它们互相合作，互相支持，通过传递营养得以生存。

1.WhatcanwelearnfromProfessorSimard/swordsinParagraph3?

A.Treesdependoneachother.

B.Treesprotecttheirownwealth.

C.Treescompeteforsurvival.

D.Treesprovidesupportfordyingtrees.

选A。细节理解题。由第三段"AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattrees

arecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwrong

hewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:treessurvivethroughtheir

co-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition

zdependingonwhoneedsit’.”可知西马德教授认为树木相互合作和支持,

传递营养维系生存，说明树木是相互依赖的。故选A项。

2.Whyare“Mothertrees“extremelyimportant?

A.Becausetheyknowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties'".

B.Becausetheyseemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans.

C.Becausetheylookthelargestinsizeintheforest.

D.Becausetheypassonnutritiontoyoungtrees.

选D。细节理解题。由第五段中的"Simardtalksabout/zmothertrees”,

usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.She

explainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,

transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinueto

grow."彳口最后一段中的"Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtrees

beforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.",可知母树是其他树木

赖以生存的最大和最古老的植物，因为建树能把营养传递给幼树，所

以母树极其重要。故选D项。

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Howyoungtreessurvive.

B.How“treesocieties7'work.

C.Howforestryindustrydevelops.

D.Howtreesgrowold.

选Bo代词指代题。由第五段中的"Whenhumanscutdown"mother

trees“withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties'7orthe

networksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfor

theentireforest.”和最后一段中的“'Wedidn'ttakeanynoticeofit,'

Simardsayssadly.",可知it指代上文已提及的事情，此处it指highly

complex"treesocieties”或thenetworks的赖以生存的方式/运作方式。

故选B项。

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans

B.YoungTreesAreinNeedofProtection

C.TreesAreMoreFantasticThanYouThink

D.TreesContributetoOurSociety

选C。主旨大意题。由第一段“Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,like

animals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthto

thenextgeneration?",第二段"UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtrees

aremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.”和后文关于“树

木之间不是竞争关系，而是相互依赖，将死的树把营养传递给小树让

其更好地生长”，说明作者想要表达的是树木比我们想象得要更令人惊

叹、复杂。故选C项。

B

ArthurBonnerworkswiththePalosVerdesbluebutterfly,once

thoughttohavediedout.Todaythebutterflyiscomingback—thanksto

him.Butyearsagoifyou/dtoldhimthiswaswhathe'dbedoingsomeday,

hewouldhavelaughed,"You'recrazy."Asaboy,heusedtobe"alittle

toughguyonthestreets'7.Atagethirteen,hewascaughtbypolicestealing.

Ateighteen,helandedinprisonforshootingaman.

"\knewithadhurtmymom,"Bonnersaidafterhegotoutofprison.

“SoItoldmyselfIwouldnot£utmymomthroughthatpainagain."

OnedayhemetProfessorMattoni,whowasworkingtorebuildthe

habitatforanendangeredbutterflycalledElSegundoblue."\sawthesign

'ButterflyHabitat'andasked,'Howcanyouhaveahabitatwhenthe

butterfliescanjustflyaway?Bonnerrecalls."Dr.Mattonilaughedand

handedmeamagnifyingglass（放大镜），'Lookattheleaves.'Icouldseeall

thesecaterpillars（蝴蝶的幼虫）ontheplant.Dr.Mattoniexplained,

'Withouttheplant,therearenobutterflies.

Weekslater,BonnerreceivedacallfromDr.Mattoni,whotoldhim

therewasabutterflyneededhelp.ThatwashowhemetthePalosVerdes

blue.Sincethenhe'sbeenworkingforfouryearstohelpbringthe

butterflyback.Hegrowsastragalus,theonlyplantthebutterflyeats.He

collectsbutterfliesandbringsthemintoalabtolayeggs.Thenheputs

newbutterfliesintothehabitat.

Thebutterfly/spopulation,oncealmostzero,isnowupto900.For

theirwork,BonnerandDr.Mattonireceivedlotsofawards.ButforBonner,

heearnedsomethingmore:heturnedhislifearound.

ForsixyearsnowBonnerhaskepthispromisetostayoutofprison.

Whilehe'sbringingbackthePalosVerdesblue,thebutterflyhashelped

bringhimback,too.

【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一个叫亚瑟的人通过养蝴蝶既拯救了蝴

蝶，又拯救了自己的故事。

5.BonnercametoknowthePalosVerdesblueafterhe.

A.foundthebutterflyhaddiedout

B.wonmanyprizesfromhisprofessor

C.metDr.Mattoni,aprofessorofbiology

D.collectedbutterfliesandputthemintoalab

选C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知，Bonner在接到了教授的电+话之

后，知道了有一种蝴蝶需要他的帮助。

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“putthrough"meaninParagraph2?

A.Hurt.B.Recall.

C.Remember.D.Experience.

选D。词义猜测题。根据上文的hurt,可知出狱之后不再让母亲受伤害,

由此可知D选项合适，意为不再让母亲经历痛苦。

7.WhichofthefollowingwouldbetheBESTtitleforthetext?

A.APromisetoMom

B.AManSavedbyButterflies

C.AStoryofButterflies

D.AJobOfferedbyDr.Mattoni

选B。主旨大意题。文章整体上讲述的是亚瑟从没有养蝴蝶时的糟糕生

活到养蝴蝶后的转变。故B项“被蝴蝶拯救的男人”符合题意。

V.阅读填句

BeaGreenChild

Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?”Green“ismorethanjustacolor.It

alsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Whygreen?

Plantsaregreen,andwithoutthemtheEarthwouldn'tbesuchalovely

homeforushumanbeings.Whatcanwedo?1

ReduceIt!

2Forinstance,ashortershowermeansyouusedlesswaterand

lessfuelsinceyourhouseusestoruntheheaterthatwarmedupthe

water.

ReuseIt!

Sometimespeoplecalloursa“throw-awaysocietyw.Itmeansthat

we'realittletoowillingtothrowawayoldstuff（东西）andbuynewstuff.

3Forinstance,ifyourbabybrotherbecomesolderandlosesinterestin

hisplasticbasketballhoop（篮圈），whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywho

hasalittlekid?

RecycleIt!

Recyclinghasneverbeeneasier.Manycommunitieswillpickitup

rightinfrontofyourhouseandsometownsevenrequireit.Recycled

goodsgotoarecyclingcenter,wheretheycanbeturnedintonewcans,

bottles,andpaper.

EnjoyIt!

It'struethatrubbishandpollutionareproblems,buttheEarth

remainsahugeandbeautifulplacethat/sreadyforyoutoexplore.4

Goforahike,visitlocalnaturecentersandgardens,andclimbup

mountains.

Butbeforeyoutraveltheglobe,takealookatyourownbackyard.Is

thereaspotwhereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitor

vegetablegarden?5

A.Here/safour-stepguidetobeinggreen.

B.Getoutthereandgetyourhandsdirty.

C.Turnoffthewaterwhenyou'rebrushingyourteeth.

D.Whenyouuselessofsomething,youdoagoodthingfortheEarth.

E.Youcanstartlocallybyvisitingthenaturallybeautifulspotsinyourcity.

F.Manytimes,evenifyounolongerneedsomething,someoneelsejust

might.

G.Youcanwatchwithprideasyourtreetakesrootandyourgardenplants

grow.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何成为环保少年的几点建

议。

1.选A。根据本空前的"Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotectthe

environment."及"Whatcanwedo?”可知，绿色也意味着采取特别的措

施保护环境，那么我们该做些什么呢？下文又介绍了环保的建议，此

处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故A项（这里有个关于环保的四步指南）

符合语境。

2.选Do根据本空后的"Forinstance,ashortershowermeansyouused

lesswaterandlessfuel”可知，较短的淋浴时间意味着你用更少的水和

燃料，故D项（当你少用一些东西时，你就对地球做了一件好事）符合语

境。

3.选F。,艮据本空后的“F。门nstance,ifyourbabybrotherbecomesolder

andlosesinterestinhisplasticbasketballhoop,whynotgiveittoanother

familywhohasalittlekid?”可知，如果你的弟弟长大了,对塑料篮圈没

了兴趣，为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢？故F项（很多时候,

即使你不再需要某样东西，别人也可能需要）符合语境。

4.选Eo根据本空后的"Goforahike,visitlocalnaturecentersand

gardens,andclimbupmountains.”可知，去徒步，参观当地的自然中心

和花园以及爬山，故E项（你可以从游览当地的自然美景开始）符合语

境。

5.选G。才艮据本空前的“takealookatyourownbackyard.Isthereaspot

whereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitorvegetablegarden?"

可知，看一下你的院子里有没有地方种一棵树或做一个小的果蔬园,

此处承接上文，故G项（你可以骄傲地看着你的树生根发芽，看着园子

里的植物生长）符合语境。

VI.完形填空

（2021•长春高一检测）

Treehugging（拥抱）maysoundalittlebitstrange.ButIsraelhasbeen

encouragingpeopletodoit1.

“Inthis2COVID-19period,peoplehavetostayawayfrom

eachother,"saidOritSteinfeld,managerofIsrael/sApolloniaNational

Park,“We3thatpeoplearoundtheworldgoouttonature,take

adeepbreath,hugatree,expressyourloveandgetlove."

Theparkisabout15kilometersnorthofTelAviv.Insidethepark,

somevisitors4followedhisadvice.BarbaraGrantwasoneof

them.

“Weneedphysicaltouchtostay5.Withoutit,manybecome

lonely,sadandevensick,"shesaid,“Wearenothuggingtoomany

6thesedays.Huggingatreeisquitea7thingtodo."

Israelisnotthe8countrytoaskpeopletohugtrees.Iceland's

ForestServicestartedasimilar9inApril.Theyadvisedeveryonein

thecountryto10atreeforatleastfiveminuteseveryday.The

ForestServiceevensharedashortvideoshowingpeopleinIceland

huggingtreesinthe11.Parkworkersalso12pathsinthe

woodssothatvisitorscouldstayawayfromeachotherwhile13

theirtrees.

“Therearealotoftrees,"saidaforestworkerinthevideo,“no

needforeveryonetohugthe14tree."

So,ifyoucannotgetahumanhugthesedays,youknow

somethingyoucansafelyputyour15around:Atree!

【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了在这个令人不快的新冠

肺炎疫情期间有的国家提倡拥抱树木。

1.A.immediatelyB.necessarily

C.politelyD.recently

选Do根据下文“InthisunpleasantCOVID-19period,peoplehavetostay

awayfromeachother,”可知，在这个令人不快的新冠肺炎疫情期间,

人们不得不彼此远离，因此可知事情发生在最近，所以以色列最近一

直在鼓励人们这样做。故选D。

2.A.happyB.short

C.unpleasantD.free

选Co根据COVID-19可知是疫情的爆发，所以只有unpleasant（令人不

快的）符合感情色彩，故选C。

3.A.orderB.recommend

C.seeD.know

选B。根据上文以色列最近一直在鼓励人们拥抱树木，可知此处应使用

recommend,表示建议，故选B。

4.A.actuallyB.hardly

C.blindlyD.awkwardly

选A。根据"BarbaraGrantwasoneofthem.”可知，一些游客实际上听从

了他的建议。故选A。

5.A.highB.warmC.healthyD.big

选C。根据下文“Withoutit,manybecomelonely,sadandevensick/"

可知，没有它，很多人会变得孤独、悲伤甚至生病，所以我们需要身体

接触才能保持健康，故选C。

6.A.treesB.persons

C.animalsD.volunteers

选B。根据"Huggingatreeisquiteanicethingt。do.”可知，拥抱一棵树

是一件很好的事情，根据not可知正好与不拥抱人形成对比，故选B。

7.A.badB.sillyC.luckyD.nice

选Do根据上文“Weneedphysicaltouchtostayhealthy”可知，我们需要

身体接触才能保持健康。由此可以看出，拥抱树是一件好事，有益的

事。故选Do

8.A.firstB.rich

C.beautifulD.great

选Ao根据后文“Iceland'sForestServicestartedasimilareffort”可知,冰

岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力。由此可以看出以色列不是第

一个要求人们拥抱树木的国家，故选A。

9.A.matchB.meeting

C.effortD.park

选Co才艮据下文“Theyadvisedeveryoneinthecountrytohugatreeforat

leastfiveminuteseveryday."可知他们建议全国每个人每天抱一棵树至

少五分钟。由此可以看出冰岛林业局在4月份也开始了类似的努力（建

议拥抱树）。故选C。

10.A.plantB.hugC.paintD.buy

选B。根据"Huggingatree”可知，本文在讲述拥抱树，故选B。

11.A.bookB.waterC.houseD.forest

选D。根据下文“inthewoods”可知,forest与之呼应，冰岛人拥抱森林中

的树木。故选Do

12.A.stoppedB.cleared

C.leftD.followed

选Bo根据"visitorscouldstayawayfromeach0ther”可知为了游客在寻

找他们的树木时彼此远离，所以清理了森林中的道路，故选B。

13.A.cuttingdownB.fallingdown

C.lookingforD.climbingup

选C。公园的工作人员清理森林中的道路就是为了游客在寻找他们想抱

的树木时彼此远离。只有lookfor（寻找）符合题意，故选C。

14.A.sameB.littleC.dirtyD.dead

选A。根据"Therearealotoftrees（有很多树）”可知，没必要每个人都抱

同一棵树，故选A。

15.A.clothesB.armsC.stringD.feet

选B。全文都在讲拥抱树，故此处填arms,表示用胳膊（拥抱），故选B。

I.语法填空

（2021•哈尔滨高一检测）

Theremaybeanewspeciesoffox-likecat.Wildliferangers(护林员)

fromFrance'sNationalHuntingandWildlifeAgencylocated16ofthe1.

(rare)seengoldenstriped(有条纹的)creaturesin

mountainousareasofaFrenchisland.

Thecatsare2.(big)andmoreaggressivethanatypical

housecat,andhavehighlydevelopedteethandlarge,ringedtails.Because

ofthe3._______

(appear),theyareknownlocallyasthe“cat-fox”.Thecreaturehuntsat

nightand,fromthelooks,4.(be)justthrilledbyallofthe

attention.ThecatcouldhaveoriginatedinAfricaortheMiddleEast

thousandsofyearsago,

5.(belong)toanancientspecies."BylookingattheDNA,we

couldtellit6.theEuropeanwildcat.It'sclosetotheAfrican

forestcat;however,7.isn'tdeterminedisitsexact

identity,"PierreBenedetti,whoworksasthechiefenvironmental

technicianoftheNationalHuntingandWildlifeAgency,said.

Thefirst“cat-foxes"8.(catch)non-violentlybythe

rangersin2016,9.thetalesoftheforestanimalhave

circulatedaroundtheislandforgenerations.Therangershopebystudying

andtaggingtheanimals,theycangetthe“cat-foxes”10.

(protect)inthenextfewyears.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国护林员在2016年

发现的“狐猫”。

1.rarelyo考查副词。句意：法国国家狩猎和野生动物管理局的护林员

在法国一个岛屿的山区看到了16只罕见的金色条纹动物。空处修饰动

词seen,所以用副词形式，故填rarely。

2.biggero考查形容词比较级。句意：这些猫比典型的家猫更大，更有

攻击性，有高度发达的牙齿和巨大的环形尾巴。此处应用形容词作表语,

结合"andmoreaggressivethan”可知，空处应填形容词比较级，故填

biggero

3.appearanceo考查名词。句意：因为外表，它们在当地被称为"狐猫"。

根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处应填一个名词作介词of的宾语，

appearance是不可数名词，意为"外表"，故填appearance。

4.iso考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种动物在夜间捕食，从外表看，它

对所有的关注感到兴奋不已。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列谓

语，根据第一个谓语hunts可知，句子是一般现在时，主语Thecreature

是单数，故填iso

5.belongingo考查非谓语动词。句意：这种猫可能在数千年前起源于非

洲或者中东，属于一个古老的物种。动词belong和逻辑主语Thecat之

间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填belonging。

6.fromo考查介词。句意：通过查看DNA,我们可以把它和欧洲野猫区

分开来。tellsth.fromsth.把..和..区分开，是固定短语，故填from。

7.whato考查主语从句。句意：它和非洲森林猫很相近，然而，不确定

之处是它准确的身份。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个主语从句，引

导词在从句中作主语，表示”......的东西"，应用what引导，故填what。

8.werecaught0考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最初的"狐猫"在

2016年被护林员以非暴力的方法捕获，但是这种森林动物的故事已经

在岛上流传了好几代。主语"cat-foxes”是复数形式，和动词catch之间是

被动关系，结合时间状语“in2016”可知，此处使用一般过去时的被动

语态，故填werecaughto

9.buto考查连词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处缺少连词，前

后两句话之间是转折关系，应用but连接，故填but。

10.protectedo考查非谓语动词。句意：护林员希望通过研究和标记这

些动物，能让这些“狐猫"在未来几年里得到保护。此处是“get+宾语+宾

语补足语”结构，动词protect和宾语the"cat-foxes”之间是被动关系，所

以用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填protectedo

II.概要写作

（2021・淮安高一检测）

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Mostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.Thisfactalsoseems

tohaveheldtruethroughouthistory.In1977scientistsstudiedworksof

artmadeatvarioustimesinhistory.Mostofthepeopleshowninthese

worksofartareright-handed,soscientistsguessedthatright-handedness

hasalwaysbeencommon.ButwhatdoLeonardodaVinci,MarieCurie,

andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?Theywereallleft-handedalong

withotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPitt,PrinceWilliam,andBarack

O