中考英语基础知识快速发展之形容词和副词课件

形容词和副词目录CONTENTA.形容词用法B.副词用法D.原级，比较级和最高级C.副词的构成形容词的用法<01>Theapplelookssonice.Ourcolorfulmiddleschoollifeiscomingtoanend.Theremustbesomethinginterestinginhisnewmovie.作定语,一般位于名词或代词之前,复合不定代词之后作表语,一般放在系动词之后Don’tthrowlittereverywhere.Pleasetrytokeepourschoolcleanandtidy.theblind盲人thedeaf耳聋的人theold老人theyoung年轻人therich富人thepoor穷人thedisabled残疾人thesick病人thewounded受伤者作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,常与make,find,think,keep等连用"the+形容词"表示一类人或一类事物易失分点有些形容词通常只作表语,包括afraid,awake,asleep,ill,alive,alone,well等.Isyouryoungbrotherasleep?▶易混形容词辨析-ing形容词与-ed形容词Thisstoryissointerestingthatweareallinterestedinit.-ing形容词:一般用来形容事物本身具有的特征、性质,表示"令人……的",主语一般是事或物-ed形容词:一般用来形容人对事物的感受,表示"感到……的",主语一般是人。常见的此类形容词有:surprising(令人惊讶的)→surprised(感到惊讶的);exciting(令人兴奋的)→excited(兴奋的);boring(无聊的)→bored(感到厌烦的);disappointing(令人失望的)→disappointed(失望的);moving(令人感动的)→moved(感动的);tiring(令人疲倦的)→tired(感到疲倦的);amazing(令人惊诧的)→amazed(感到惊讶的);embarrassing(令人尴尬的)→embarrassed(尴尬的);relaxing(令人放松的)→relaxed(感到放松的);satisfying(令人满意的)→satisfied(满意的);touching(感人的)→touched(受感动的)副词<02>Sheputtheglassdowncarefully.1）作状语，修饰动词，形容词或整个句子；副词的基本用法MybestfriendCarolisreallykindandveryfunny.Luckily,therewasnolossorinjuries.Putitontheshelfabove.Thegirlthereishissister.Imustbeoffnow.Heisin.2）作定语，少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语,放在所修饰的词的后面3）作表语,多表示主语的方位、方向、动作或状态等；Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Letthemin.4）作补足语,主语补足语和宾语补足语,说明主语和宾语所处的位置、状态、性质、特征等You’vegotaletterfromabroad.5）作宾语▶易混副词(词组)辨析1）also，too，either，aswellSheisalsogoodatEnglish.MissWangwillalsocometoseemewithmyclassmates.Shealsoplaysthepiano.I’madoctor,too.He’snotinterestedindrawing,either.Ilikeplayingbasketballaswell.▶易混副词(词组)辨析also通常置于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前,常用于肯定句的句中或句首too通常位于肯定句句末either用于否定句句末aswell通常位于肯定句句末2)already,still,yetAliceaskedmetoreadthebookHarry

Potter,butIhavealready

readittwice.Doyoustilllivethere?Wehaven’tfinishedtheworkyet.Istherestaurantopenyet?▶易混副词(词组)辨析already"已经",常用于肯定句中,置于be动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前still"还",表示某事还在进行,常用于肯定句和疑问句中,也可用于否定句中yet常用于否定句句末,意为"还";也可用于疑问句句末,意为"已经"eg.Sometimestheygohikinginthemountains.Iwillstayhereforsometime.Iwillmeetyourfathersometimenextweek.IhavebeentoParissometimes.3)sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime

sometimes(有时)频率副词，用于一般现在时；sometime(在某个时候)不确定的某个时间，用于将来或过去；sometimes(几次，几倍)time表示次数，倍数；sometime(一段时间)time表示时间，一段时间。Thecaris__________expensive.Thereare___________studentsonthebus.Thereis____________raininsummer.4)muchtoo,toomuch,toomanymuchtootoomanytoomuch

muchtoo意为“非常，极其”，修饰形容词或副词的原级。toomuch意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词toomany意为“太多”，修饰可数名词的复数。副词的构成<03>1.usual→usually;great→greatly;quick→quickly;brave→bravely2.easy→easily;happy→happily3.simple→simply;possible→possibly4.true→truly5.hard--hard→直接在形容词词尾加-ly→以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为再加-ly→以-le结尾的,变le为ly→以-ue结尾的,去掉e加-ly→与形容词同形副词构成规则near邻近near邻近形容词副词nearly几乎副词near表示接近的距离；nearly表示几乎Springis__________.Come________andlistentome.Itwas_________sixo'clock.nearnearnearly形容词副词副词high高的high高地highly高度地high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，“高度地”Thismountainisvery________.Theplanewasflying_________.Ithink_________ofyouropinion.highhighhighlydeep深的deep深地形容词副词deeply深深地副词deep意思是“深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"Thislakeisvery____________.Hewent________intothewater.Evenfatherwas________movedbythefilm.deepdeepdeeplylate晚的late晚地副词lately最近副词late意思是“晚”；lately

意思是“最近”=recentlyItwas_______intheafternoon.Whathaveyoubeendoing_______?Hearrivedatschool_________.形容词latelatelylatehard困难的坚硬的hard努力地副词hardly几乎不副词hardly几乎不，它和hard没关系Thebedis_________.Hestudies________.Ican_______speakFrench.形容词hardhardhardlygood好的well健康的well好地副词well一般用作副词，well用作形容词时表示“健康的”Hersonisa_______student.Allwent_________.一切顺利.I'mvery__________,thanks.我身体很好，谢谢。形容词形容词goodwellwellwide宽阔的wide宽阔地副词widely广泛地副词

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”Thedeskis_______.Heopenedthedoor________.Englishis_______usedintheworld.形容词widewidewidelymost大多数的most最副词mostly主要地副词Jackhasmadethe________mistakesintheexam..Helikesreading,butIlikemagazines_________.I_________enjoypopularsongs.形容词mostmostmostlyfree免费的

free免费地副词freely自由地副词free的意思是"免费"；freely的意思是"无限制地"Thebreadis________today.Youcaneat_____inmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeak_______;saywhatyoulike.形容词freefreefreelyclose靠近的close靠近地副词closely密切地副词close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”Thebankis_________totheschool.Watchhim___________.Heissitting__________tome.形容词closecloselyclose形容词和副词原级，比较级和最高级<04>Theduckisbig.Thedogisbigger.Theelephantisthebiggest.原级比较级最高级形容词和副词的原级比较Yourjacketisasnewasmine.Thisappleisn’tas/sobigasthatone.Ourclassroomistwiceasbigastheirs.1.A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B表示A和B在程度、性质、特征等方面一样。2.A+谓语动词的否定形式+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B表示"A不如B……"。3.A+be动词+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B表示"A是B的几倍"。构成方法原级比较级最高级直接在词尾加­er，­estlongtalllonger①________longest②________以不发音的字母e结尾的加­r，­stnicelargenicer③________nicest④________taller形容词及副词的比较级和最高级构成(1)规则变化tallestlargerlargest构成方法原级比较级最高级以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写这个辅音字母，再加­er，­estbigfathotthinbigger⑤________⑦________⑨________biggest⑥________⑧________⑩________以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i，再加­er，­esthappyeasyearlyhappier⑪________⑬________happiest⑫________⑭________fatterfattesthotterhottestthinnerthinnesteasiereasiestearlierearliest构成方法原级比较级最高级在有些双音节词前加more，mostbeautifulcarefulimportantmorebeautiful⑮_______________⑰_______________mostbeautiful⑯______________⑱______________morecarefulmostcarefulmoreimportantmostimportant(2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well⑲_______________⑳______________betterbestworseworstmoremost原级比较级最高级bad/badly21_______________22______________many/much23_______________24_______________little25_______________26_______________far27_______________28_______________old29_______________30_______________lessleastfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest形容词及副词的比较级的用法Heworksharderthanus.Sheis

betterthanTom.Thenumberofbearsisgetting

biggerandbigger.→A+系动词/动词+比较级+thanB→比较级+and+比较级“越来越...”Themoreyouread,

thefasteryou'llbe.→the+比较级,the+比较级越...就越...Which

is

nearertothesun,themoonortheearth?→表示两者之间进行选择:Which/Who+系动词/动词+比较级,AorB?Tonyrunsthreetimesfasterthanme.→A+系动词/动词+倍数+比较级+than+BA比B快/大/...多少倍Thefilmis

lessinterestingthan

thebook.→A+系动词/动词+less/more+多音节形容词/副词原级+than+BA不如B...Thisshirtistoobigforme,soIwanttochangea

smaller

one.→根据语境判断比较级Astudyshowsthatpeoplewhoaremoreconfidentare

much

happier.→空前有much,even,far等比较等级标志词Thetallerofthetwogirlsismysister.→表示"两者中较……的"。1）可用于修饰形容词