新高考新教材广西专版2025届高考英语二轮总复习阅读理解能力升级练考点分类练五推理判断题隐含信息类

考点分类练(五)推理推断题——隐含信息类A(2024·山东潍坊一模)Toimproveahighschooler’schanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogrammesallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.TellurideAssociationSummerProgramme(TASP)TASPisasix-weekprogrammeallowinghighschoolfreshmenfromaroundtheworldtogrowtheirsenseofinterpersonalawarenessandcommunityresponsibility.It’scompletelyfree,includingthecostoftuition,booksandeventravel.MinorityIntroductiontoEngineeringandScience(MITES)Theaimofthisweek-longprogrammeisthatallUShighschoolstudentscandeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhilelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.MITESisfreeexceptforthetransportation.ClarkScholarProgramme(CSP)Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperienceinmathematicsfieldwhileworkingwithteachingstaffoverfourintenseweeks.Everythingisfreeforchosenapplicantsexceptfortheirmeals.JCampTheseven-weekonebringshighschoolfreshmenandsophomoresfromvariousbackgroundstogetherforparticipatinginsessionsandworkshopsledbynotablejournalistswherestudentscangethands-ontraininginjournalism.JCampisfreeifselected—participantsonlyneedtopayfortheboard.1.WhatcanbeexpectedofMITES?A.Itisaccessibletoworldwidestudents.B.Itlaysafoundationforcareerprospects.C.Itmakesnoextrachargefortransportation.D.Itawardsstudentsadvancedtechnicaldegrees.2.WhichprogrammeissuitableforaUKhighschoolerwithupto5spareweeks?A.TASP.B.MITES.C.CSP. D.JCamp.3.Whatisthesharedgoaloftheprogrammes?A.Toseekforone-on-oneinstruction.B.Todevelopasenseofsocialduty.C.Togetparticipantsbetterpreparedforcollege.D.Toadvertisesomemajorsofthetopuniversities.B(2024·广东佛山高三教学质检)Deveza’smotherwasonthewaitinglistforakidneytransplant(肾移植).Devezawantedtodonateoneofherownkidneys—butshewasturneddownbecauseshemightdevelopthesamehealthproblemsashermotherinlaterlife.Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliver(肝脏)forsomeoneelse’skidney.Acasestudyoftheorganexchangehasnowbeenpublished,andthesurgeonswhowereinvolvedarecallingformoreexchangeslikethis.“Youcanimaginetheenormousimpactformixedorganextendedchains,”saysJohnRoberts,asurgeonatUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Mostorgantransplantscomefrompeoplewhohavedied,butthereareneverenoughorgans.Asmostpeoplecanmanagewithjustoneoftheirkidneys,peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends.Ifsomeonewantstodonatebuttheirimmune(免疫的)systemisunsuited,doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.WhenDevezawaslookingintosuchchains,shecameacrossresearchdescribingtheideaoftradingakidneywiththeonlyotherorgangenerallytakenfromalivingdonor—theliver.ShesuggestedtheideatomanyhospitalsbeforeshefinallycontactedRoberts,whosawtheidea’spotential.Devezawasassessedtobeingoodenoughhealthtodonatepartofherliver.Itthentook18monthstofindAnnieSimmons,inIdaho,whoseliverwasunsuitabletouseasatransplantforhersisterwithsevereliverdisease.Theydrewupaplan:SimmonswoulddonateakidneytoDeveza’smother,andinreturn,DevezawouldgivehalfherlivertoSimmons’sister.Thehospitalgavethego-aheadandthefouroperationstookplaceonthesamedaysuccessfully.Theteamhopethatthegroundbreakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.4.WhatdidDevezadotosavehermother?A.Carryingoutacasestudy.B.Callingforkidneydonations.C.Launchingamedicalexperiment.D.Tradinghalfherliverforakidney.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Patients’desperationtosurvive.B.Severalsourcesoforgandonation.C.Currentsituationoforgantransplants.D.Doctors’effortstoimproveorgantransplants.6.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorganexchangebetweenDevezaandSimmons?A.Itdiscouragedorgandonation.B.Itbroughttwofamiliestogether.C.Itmetwithwidespreadapproval.D.Itproducedadesirableoutcome.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyLiver,YourKidneyB.Mother’sLove,OurHappinessC.OrganTransplant:BlessingforPatientsD.OrganExchange:MajorMedicalAdvancesC(2024·山西太原高三二模)Sometimeago,inmyclassIwasabouttofailastudentforhisanswertoaphysicsquestionwhenthestudentclaimedhedeservedabetterscore.“Showhowitispossibletodeterminetheheightofatallbuildingwiththeaidofabarometer(气压计).”Thestudenthadanswered,“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalongropetoit,lowerthebarometertothestreet,andthenbringitup,measuringthelengthoftherope.Thelengthoftheropeistheheightofthebuilding.”Iarguedthatahighgradeshouldprovehiscompetenceinphysics,buttheanswerdidnotconfirmthis.Isuggestedthatthestudenthaveanothertry.Immediately,heworkedouthisanswer:Asecondbestwayistotakethebarometertothetopofthebuilding.Dropthebarometer,timingitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usetheformulatocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.Iwasshockedbyhisanswer.HismethodgavemenotonlyabrokenbarometerbutaU-turninmyteachingphilosophy.Igavehimfullmarks.Onhisleavingmyoffice,Irecalledthathesuggestedtherecouldbeabetteranswer.SoIaskedhimwhatitwas.“Oh,yes,”saidthestudent.“Therearemanyways.Probablythebest,”hesaid,“istotakethebarometertothebasementandaskthesuperintendent(管理人).Youspeaktohimasfollows:MrSuperintendent,hereIhaveafinebarometer.Ifyoutellmetheheightofthisbuilding,Iwillgiveittoyou.”Atthispoint,Iaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothisquestion.Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolinstructors’tryingtoteachhimhowtothink,andtousetheso-called“scientificmethod”.Hejustwantedtosolvetheprobleminapracticalmanner,notjustanswerthequestioninanexpectedway.Hearingthis,Ireallyhadnothingtodobutgivetheboyafirmhandshake,feelingthankfulthatIhadn’tfailedhiminthefirstplace.8.Whydidtheauthorwanttofailthestudentinthefirstplace?A.Thestudentchallengedhisauthority.B.Thestudent’sanswerwasnotpractical.C.Thestudentdidn’tshowhisacademicability.D.Thestudenthadapoorperformanceinphysicsclass.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’snewteachingphilosophy?A.Withoutlove,thereisnoeducation.B.Amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.C.Teachingistomaketwoideasgrowwhereonlyonegrewbefore.D.Youcanleadyourhorsetotheriver,butyoucan’tmakeitdrink.10.Whatmadethestudentabandontheconventionalanswer?A.Lackofphysics-relatedknowledge.B.Ignoranceoftheteacher’sexpectation.C.Intentiontodeeplyimpresshisteacher.D.Disapprovalofexistingteachingconcepts.11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thesuperintendentwasagreedyperson.B.Schooleducationrestrictedthisstudent’sthinking.C.Theteacherappreciatedthestudent’sanswersfinally.D.Theexaminationquestionisatoughphysicsproblem.

参考答案考点分类练(五)推理推断题——隐含信息类【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以帮助学生为上高校做好准备的暑期项目。1.B解析微小环节理解题。依据第三段的“Theaimofthisweek-longprogrammeisthatallUShighschoolstudentscandeveloptheskillsnecessaryforfuturejobinengineeringwhilelearningaboutthevalueandrewardofacquiringadvancedtechnicaldegrees.”可知,MITES有望为职业前景打下基础。故选B项。2.C解析微小环节理解题。依据倒数其次段的“Highschoolstudentscomingfromacrosstheglobeareofferedtheuniqueopportunitytogainhands-onresearchexperience...overfourintenseweeks.”可知,CSP项目适合最多有5周空闲时间的英国中学生。故选C项。3.C解析推理推断题。依据第一段“Toimproveahighschooler’schanceofgettingintoatopuniversity,thesummerprogrammesallowyoungstudentstoexplorefieldsofinterestandgetatasteofcollegelife.”并结合文章介绍的四个暑期项目可知,这些项目的共同目标是让参加者为上高校做好准备。故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲解并描述了Deveza胜利用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈。4.D解析微小环节理解题。依据其次段内容“Devezacameupwithadifferentplan.In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneelse’skidney.”可知,Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈。故选D项。5.C解析段落大意题。通过阅读并结合第三段的关键句“...thereareneverenoughorgans.(但器官恒久都不够用)”,“peoplewithkidneyfailureareincreasinglyreceivingdonatedorgansfromrelativesorfriends(肾衰竭患者越来越多地接受来自亲友捐赠的器官)”和“...doctorsmaybeabletofindpairsofwould-bedonorswhocaneachgiveakidneytotheother’srelative.(医生可能会找到成对的潜在捐赠者,他们各自可以将一个肾脏捐给对方的亲属)”可知,该段主要讲解并描述了器官移植的现状。故选C项。6.D解析推理推断题。依据最终一段内容“Theteamhopethatthegroundbreakingcasewillinspiremorepeopletoconsiderdoingthesame.Robertssaysthatdirectexchangesinvolvingtwodonorscouldenableuptothirtyextraliving-donorlivertransplantsayear—atenpercentincrease.”可知,这次“器官互换”项目的胜利可以激励更多人考虑做同样的事情。由此可推知,这产生了志向的结果。故选D项。7.A解析标题归纳题。通过阅读文章可知,其次段的“In2017,shestartedtheworld’sfirstpairedexchangeofdifferentorgansbetweenlivingdonors,exchanginghalfherliverforsomeoneel