2025版高考英语一轮总复习必修第一册Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld提能训练

Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·沈阳市一模)Itisanunpleasantextinctionthatwillchangetheworldandhowpeoplecommunicate:Within20years,twothirdsofalltheplanet'slanguageswillbedead.Expertsagreethatnothingcanstopithappeningbutoneacademicistryingherhardesttoslowitdown.ProfessorAntonellaSoraceisoneofagrowingnumberofpeoplewhobelievelearningasecondlanguagehasenormousuntappedbenefitsforthehumanbrain.Thisistruenotonlyforyoungchildrenbutalsoforadultsandpeopleatriskfromdementia(痴呆),whereresearchconsistentlyshowsthatlearninganewlanguagecoulddelaythestartofthediseasefor4to5years—abetterresultthanwithanymedicationtodate.Itisthosebenefitsofbilingualism(双语)thatshouldencourageustopreserveandprotectEuropeanminoritylanguages—Gaelic,Manx,CornishandUlsterScots,shesays.AlreadyherworkandtheprojectshefoundedinEdinburghBilingualismMatters—nowexpandingacrossEuropeandintheU．S.—haveconvincedtheScottishgovernmenttointroducelanguagestoprimaryschools.From2024allScottishchildrenarelearningalanguageotherthanEnglishintheirfirstyearatschool,withtwootherlanguagestobeintroducedlater.BilingualismMattersisalsoworkingtoencouragebusinessestoconsiderthebenefitsoftheirstafflearninglanguages.“Inbusiness,peoplesay‘Englishisthelanguageofbusiness,whywouldIneedtolearnanotherlanguage？’”saidSorace.“Maybeitwouldmeanyoucoulddobetterbusiness.”Justasdisappearingforeststakewiththemsecretsofundiscoveredmedicines,disappearinglanguagescantakethekeytoalongerandbetterqualityoflife.Thefirstbattleistounpickthepopularassumptionthatbilingualismmightdamagechildren'sbrains.Therewereevensuggestionsitcouldencourageschizophrenia(精神分裂症)．“Studyafterstudyhasshowntheoppositetobetrue，”saysSorace.“Theseprejudicesaredeeplyrooted,butweareperhapshalfwaytopersuadingpeoplethatthebraincancope.Thenwehavetopersuadepeoplethatitisactuallyofbenefit.”语篇导读：文章主要介绍了安东内拉·索拉切教授认为学习其次语言对人类的大脑和健康都有着巨大的好处，并激励人们挽救并疼惜小语种。1．Whatwillhappentothemajorityoftheworld'slanguages?AA．Theywillbecomeextinctindecades.B．Theywillbelearnedbymoreacademics.C．Theywillpreventtheriskofdementia.D．Theywillhelppeoplebettercommunicate.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Within20years,twothirdsofalltheplanet'slanguageswillbedead.”可知，世界上大多数语言会在二十年内消亡。故选A。2．What'sBilingualismMattersintendedtodo?CA．FindareplacementforEnglish.B．Teachbusinessesmarketingskills.C．Promoteminoritylanguagelearning.D．Influencegovernments'policymaking.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第四段中的“BilingualismMatters—nowexpandingacrossEuropeandintheU．S.—haveconvincedtheScottishgovernmenttointroducelanguagestoprimaryschools”和第五段中的“BilingualismMattersisalsoworkingtoencouragebusinessestoconsiderthebenefitsoftheirstafflearninglanguages.”可知，BilingualismMatters在努力推动小语种进入校内和企业，让更多的人去学习小语种，即BilingualismMatters在推动小语种的学习。故选C。3．What'sthetoppriorityinpreservingminoritylanguages?DA．Gettingridofpeople'sfearformentalillnesses.B．Findingthekeytopromotingpeople'swelfare.C．Unlockingthesecretsofundiscoveredmedicines.D．Correctingthemisconceptionaboutbilingualism.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第六段其次句“Thefirstbattleistounpickthepopularassumptionthatbilingualismmightdamagechildren'sbrains.”可知，推动更多的人学习小语种的第一步是要消退学习两种语言可能对儿童大脑有害的这一普遍观点，即修正对双语学习的错误观念。故选D。4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?DA．TheBenefitsofBilingualismB．TheFoundingofBilingualismMattersC．ANewChallengeFacingLanguageTeachingD．AProfessorFightingtoSaveMinorityLanguages解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，结合其次段中的“ProfessorAntonellaSoraceisoneofagrowingnumberofpeoplewhobelievelearningasecondlanguagehasenormousuntappedbenefitsforthehumanbrain.”和第三段中的“Itisthosebenefitsofbilingualism(双语)thatshouldencourageustopreserveandprotectEuropeanminoritylanguages”可知，本文主要介绍了安东内拉·索拉切教授认为学习其次语言对人类大脑有好处，并致力于疼惜小语种。故选D。B(2024·安徽省十校联盟开学考试)InmanycasualdiscussionsoflanguageandtheInternet,it'scommontohearabouthow“socialmedialanguage”isruininglanguage.Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.AndmajormediasuchastheBBCandTheDailyMailhaveallbemoanedthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicatethroughtechnology.Ofcourse,languagedoeschangewhenit'susedtowritemessagesonline.Socialmedialanguageisanevolution(进化)oflanguage.It'seventhefocusofthefieldoflinguistics(语言学)calledComputer-MediatedCommunication(CMC)．Thisfieldconcentratesonthestudyofinteractionbroughtaboutbytechnologylikecomputers,mobilephonesandtablets.Peoplehavebeenmakingcomplaintsaboutlanguagebeing“ruined”foraslongasthey'vebeenwritingandspeaking.InaTEDTalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplebeingannoyedaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.InAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”．Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!Today,peopleareabletocommunicaterapidlyusingawidevarietyoftoolsandtechnologies.Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符号)．Theemoticon“：)”isavisualperformanceofasmileyfaceturnedsideways.Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranyotherkindoffacialexpressions,itdoesn'treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it'sintendedtoexpressafeeling,suchas“I'mhappy”or“justjoking”．Wordsthatrepresentthesefeelingsarewhatlinguistscalldiscourseparticles(小品词)．Thesearelittlepiecesoflanguagethatofferinformationaboutthetoneofthestatement.Farfromruininglanguage,theseexamplesindicatehowpeoplecannowcommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,directmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforourmodern,fast-pacedworld.语篇导读：本文主要探讨了社交媒体语言是不是语言杀手的问题。在作者看来，语言始终在演化之中，社交媒体语言不是语言的杀手，它是新时代的产物。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bemoaned”inParagraph1probablymean?AA．Complainedabout.B．Approvedof.C．Checkedup.D．Putforward.解析：词义揣测题。依据画线单词所在句的上文“Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.”可知，一部分人认为科技对我们的沟通方式有不利的影响；再依据And可知，主流媒体对这种方式进行埋怨。故选A。6．WhyistheTEDTalkmentionedinParagraph3?BA．Asevidenceofcomplaintsaboutsharedstories.B．Asanexampletosupporttheauthor'sargument.C．Asaproofoflanguageruinedbysocialmedialanguage.D．Asawaytoexplainlanguagechangethroughtheages.解析：推理推断题。作者在最终一段表明自己的观点，而第三段提到的TED演讲及演讲的内容是对主题的说明，它是用来支持作者观点的。故选B。7．What'sthefunctionofemoticonsaccordingtothetext?CA．Torepresentasmilingface.B．Toexpressintentions.C．Tocommunicatefeelings.D．Tosetthetone.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第五段“Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranyotherkindoffacialexpressions,itdoesn'treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it'sintendedtoexpressafeeling”可知，这些表情符号是用来表达情感的。故选C。8．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsocialmedialanguage?DA．Unclear. B．Skeptical.C．Opposed. D．Approving.解析：推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“Farfromruininglanguage,theseexamplesindicatehowpeoplecannowcommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,directmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforourmodern,fast-pacedworld.”可知，作者认为现在的人们用一种简洁、直白的方式来传达困难的情感，这种变更对这个现代化的、快节奏的世界来说是极好的。由此可推出作者对社交媒体语言持支持的看法。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·沈阳市一模)AfterIgavebirth,itseemedmybrainhadbeendraggedoutofmealongwithmynewbornson.Everythingbecame1.Bandconversationoftenlostinmid-sentence.Ithoughtthese2.Dmistakesmaybejust‘mommybrain’whileIcoppedwithmiddle-of-the-nightfeedings.However,afterlittleNicholasbeganto3.Athroughthenight,Iremainedinaconstantstateof4.C.ItoldmyselfI'dfeelintelligentagain.Ithoughtaboutmy5.Clife.Whatengagedmybrainthen?Iwanderedthroughthehouseandfound6.Astaringmeintheface:books.Ilookedonlineandfoundtheexact7.C：50BookChallenge.Read50booksinayear,whatever8.DIwanted.WithindaysIdiscoverednewbooksofinterestandorderedsomefresh9.B.Ihadmyresolution:50books.Mycompetitivespiritbeganto10.D.Ifoundtimewhereithadneverexistedbefore.IreadasmysonwatchedSesameStreet.IreadwhenI11.Dabus,Ireadbeforebedtime...Mybrain12.Afromhibernation(冬眠)andIhadnewandexcitingthingstodiscuss.Ihadstartedwitha13.Agoaltobringmy14.Cback.Ididthat,andgotmore.IshowedmysonNicholasthe15.Bofreading.Nowit'scommonformyfirst-gradertobringapileofbookstothecouchforreading.We'rereadingtogether,andallisrightwiththeworld.语篇导读：文章主要讲解并描述一位母亲在生完孩子以后，大脑宕机，说话时经常断片，但是，通过挑战一年读50本书，大脑慢慢复原过来。1．A.sunny B．foggyC．smooth D．possible解析：依据上文以及空后的内容可知，作者生完孩子后，她的大脑似乎和刚诞生的儿子一起被拖出了身体，说话时经常断片，记不清事情。foggy意为“模糊的；有雾的”，符合语境。sunny阳光足够的；smooth光滑的；possible可能的。故选B。2．A.physical B．psychologicalC．social D．mental解析：依据上文和下文“mommybrain”可知，这些是作者精神上的状况。mental意为“精神上的”，符合语境。physical身体的；psychological心理的；social社会的。故选D。3．A.sleep B．cryC．wakeup D．stayup解析：依据上文以及空前的“However”可知，前后内容为转折关系，半夜喂奶对应儿子睡整晚。sleep意为“睡觉”，符合语境。cry哭；wakeup醒来；stayup熬夜。故选A。4．A.tension B．securityC．confusion D．depression解析：依据上文可知，作者生完孩子以后，始终处于对全部事都不清楚、说话说一半的模糊状态。confusion意为“困惑，乱成一团”，符合语境。tension惊惶；security平安；depression抑郁。故选C。5．A.pre-school B．pre-marriageC．pre-baby D．pre-teen解析：依据第一段第一句和下文“Whatengagedmybrainthen？”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前聪慧的大脑在忙什么。pre-baby意为“产前的”，符合语境。pre-school学前的；pre-marriage婚前的；pre-teen十岁出头的。故选C。6．A.answers B．questionsC．stars D．eyes解析：依据上文以及空后的“staringmeintheface：books”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么，看着眼前的书，作者找到了答案。answer意为“答案”，符合语境。故选A。7．A.website B．commentC．motivation D．title解析：依据空后的“50BookChallenge”和“Ihadmyresolution:50books.”可知，挑战阅读50本书给了作者动力。motivation意为“动力”，符合语境。website网站；comment评论；title标题。故选C。8．A.price B．colorC．size D．subject解析：依据空前的“whatever”和下文的“discoverednewbooksofinterest”可知，此处指无论什么题材，一年内50本书即可。subject意为“题材”，符合语境。故选D。9．A.dishes B．readsC．flowers D．fruits解析：依据上文“WithindaysIdiscoverednewbooksofinterestandorderedsomefresh”可知，作者要挑战一年读50本书，所以订购了一些新的读物。read意为“读物”，符合语境。故选B。10．A.takecare B．takeplaceC．takeadvantage D．takeeffect解析：依据下文“Mybrain12fromhibernation(冬眠)andIhadnewandexcitingthingstodiscuss.”可知，作者通过读书重新激活大脑，即读书起先发挥作用。takeeffect意为“生效，起作用”，符合语境。takecare当心；takeplace发生；takeadvantage利用。故选D。11．A.saw B．droveC．caught D．rode解析：依据上文以及空后的“abus”可知，作者找到之前并未发觉的空档来阅读，例如，搭乘公交车的时间。ride意为“搭乘”，符合语境。see望见；drive驾驶；catch赶上(公共汽车等)。故选D。12．A.awoke B．frozeC．hurt D．suffered解析：依据下文“fromhibernation(冬眠)andIhadnewandexcitingthingstodiscuss”可知，作者现在有新的和令人兴奋的事情可以探讨，这说明作者的大脑从“冬眠”状态慢慢被唤起。awake意为“被唤起”，符合语境。freeze冻住；hurt受伤；suffer受苦。故选A。13．A.simple B．commonC．different D．similar解析：依据语境可知，作者想复原脑力，于是起先了读书挑战，而读书是作者的简洁目标。simple意为“简洁的”，符合语境。common常见的；different不同的；similar相像的。故选A。14．A.power B．timeC．brain D．son解析：依据上文可知，作者读书的目的就是复原脑力。brain意为“脑力”，符合语境。故选C。15．A.talent B．pleasureC．process D．skill解析：依据下文可知，作者和儿子一起读书，这说明作者向儿子展示了读书的乐趣。pleasure意为“乐趣，快乐”，符合语境。talent天赋；process过程；skill技能。故选B。Ⅲ.七选五(2024·南京市学情调研)ReneCampbellhasdevotedmostofherlifetoshapingherfigureintoonecompletelyagainstwhatsocietythinksawomanshouldlooklike.“Iwasalwaysveryinsecureaboutmybodyimage,aseveryoneseemedtoknowforsurethatwomenneededtolookacertainway,”shesayswhenreflectingonhermotivationtotransformherself.1.AForquitesometime,shestruggledwitheatingdisordersbecauseshewastryingtokeepherweightreallylowandappearskinny,likethewomenonmagazinecovers.2.GItwasthenthatshebecameattractedbythewaytheseseeminglyconfidentwomenheldthemselves.However,buildingherdreambody—gainingover85pounds,goingfromasize8to14—hashaditschallenges,too.“3.FWhenItellthemthatIamafemalebodybuilder,thefirstreactionis,‘Musclesofwomenarejustnotattractive,’”Campbellsays.Thoughshelovesthewayshenowlooks,sheissometimestreatedwithcruelty.4.DEventhoughthereisahugemarketencouragingwomentobuildmusclesandtightentheirfigures,theidealstillstandsforsmallerwaists,andthinlegs,theso-calledperfectfigure.Forwomentobuildupstrongmuscles,ittakesastrongheart.“Igraduallylearntoignoreothers'voicesandbecomecommittedtothetraining.Itisaverybigshiftforme,andithaswonmeplentyofawards.5.CMybodybuildingjourneymakesmerealizethatIneedtodothingsformyself,”Campbellsays.A．Shewasconstantlyfeelingunderpressure.B．Womenhavetopayahugepricetobuildaslimfigure.C．Itdoesbringasenseofconfidenceandmentalstrength.D．Thebodyofsuper-muscularwomenisconsideredunwelcome.E．Luckily,Campbellwaschosentoshootforoneofthemagazines.F．Peopledon'tunderstandwhywomenwouldwanttobemuscular.G．Purelybychance,Campbellattendedawomen'sbodybuildingshow.语篇导读：ReneCampbell女士将她生活的大部分时间都用于变更自己的身材。起初她也宠爱所谓的完备身材——细腰瘦腿，但后来才意识到，对女性而言，不必在意他人的言语，女性也可以拥有强健的肌肉。解析：1．依据空前内容可知，ReneCampbell在为自己的身材焦虑；依据空后内容可知，她在努力让自己变瘦。由此可知，空处应说明在社会意义上对女性身材的要求给ReneCampbell造成的负面影响。A项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。2．依据空后一句可知，就在那时，ReneCampbell被这些看似自信的女性保持自我的方式吸引。故该空会涉及在什么时候发生的这件事。G项“纯偶然的一次机会，ReneCampbell参加了一个女性健身节目。”符合语境。故选G。3．依据空后一句可知，ReneCampbell告知他们自己是女性塑身者时，他们的第一反应是女性的肌肉没有那么吸引人。F项“人们不理解为什么女性想要肌肉发达的。”承接下文，符合语境。故选F。4．依据空后内容可知，尽管有一个巨大的市场激励女性增肌塑形，但志向的身材意味着细腰瘦腿，即所谓的完备身材。女性要想熬炼出强健的肌肉，须要一颗坚毅的心。由此说明，大众并不宠爱女性的肌肉身材。故选D。5．依据上文内容可知，ReneCampbell慢慢起先忽视别人的声音，致力于形体训练，这给她带来了很大的变更，也为她赢得了很多奖项；依据下文内容可知，健身之路让她意识到该为自己做些什么了。由此可推知，空处应说明健身为ReneCampbell带来的主动影响。故选C。Ⅳ.读后续写(2024·沈阳市一模)阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OnSaturday,wegatheredatthehalltowitnesstheawardceremonyfortheseniorscouts(童子军)．Receivinganawardonsuchadaywasagreathonorforanyscout,andalldesiredtobethescoutselectedtogivethesummaryoftheyear'sactivitiesfortheassociation.Iwasnottheoneselectedtogivethesummaryandforthat,Iwasgrateful.Icouldhardlystandinfrontofalargecrowdtomakeaspeech,butSeancould.HewasselectedtodothehonorbecausehewasthePresidentoftheBoyScoutsforschools.Myjobwasmuchsimpler.BeingtheVice-President,Iwasverymuchbehindthescenes,contenttoinsurethateverythingwasinsmoothrunningorder.Itwasanhourtogobeforetheceremonybegan,andIhadputthefinishingtouchestothestage.Walkingdownthestage,Isawmyteammatesinastateofpanic.Whentheysawme,theyrantometotellmethatSeanmetwithatrafficaccidentandwouldnotmakeittotheawardceremony.Someoneelsehadtogivethesummary.Allofthemlookedhopefullyatme,andIcouldfeelmykneesbeginningtocollapse.Alltheirargumentsagainstmyunwillingnesswerevalid.IhadacopyofthespeechaswellasthebenefitofhavingseenSeanrehearse(排练)it.IwastheVi