中考英语阅读理解解题技巧王文艳

中考英语阅读理解解题技巧

执教老师：王文艳64铜仁地区中考英语各题型所占比例：讨论

:平日同学们是怎样做英语阅读题？阅读理解解题技巧

阅读理解

阅读理解主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力以及对材料的评估能力等。在阅读技巧上，要求考生要了解文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题、文章的背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章内涵的寓意等。主旨大意型事实细节型

词义猜测型阅读理解题目主要有以下几种:推理判断型一、主旨大意题〔做题要领〕1.干扰项

可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。2.干扰项

可能属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。3.干扰项

可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。(正确答案)是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummar-izethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?5)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:Passage1(2016铜仁中考阅读B)

Apoorboylivedinasmalltown.Hesoldgoodsfromdoortodoortopayforschool.Oneday,heonlyonecentleft,andhewashungry.Hedecidedthathewouldaskforamealatthenexthouse.However,whenayoungwomanopenedthedoor,theboywasshy,sohejustaskedforsomewater.Thewomanknewhewashungry,soshebroughthimalargeglassofmilk.Hedrankitslowly,andthenasked,“HowmuchshouldIpayforit?”“Youwon’tpayforit.Mymotherhastoldmethatitisgoodtohelpthepeoplewhoareintrouble.”Shereplied.Theboysaid,“ThenIthankyoufrommyheart.”Astheboyleftthathouse,hefeltstronger.Heknewhehadmanythingstodo.Manyyearslater,theyoungwomanbecameill.Thelocaldoctorscouldn’tsaveher.Peoplehadtosendhertoabigcity.Whenthedoctorknewwhothewomanwas,hewasexcitedandtriedhisbesttosaveherlife.Hesucceeded.Thewomanneededtopayforthemedicalbill.Thedoctorlearnedthatshecouldn’taffordit.Sohewrotesomethingdownonthemedicalbill.Thewomanreadthebill,“Youhavepaiditwithaglassofmilk.”练习题细节题解释Question:What’sthebesttitle(标题)forthearticle?A.AkindMother.B.ALovelyYoungWoman.C.APoorBoy.D.AGlassofMilk.文章解释【解析】答案为D。

本文章在句中，句尾出现主题句。主题句在句中出现后，再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。

寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。文章主要针对文章某一事实现象或逻辑推理分析提出问题，可以通过浏览.寻找和对号入座等方法快速找到答案。

提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,who,which,where,how,why

等。事实细节型1〕Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?2〕Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?3〕Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)___?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：Passage2〔2016铜仁中考阅读A)

练习题解释第三节

解释文章56.Whatkindofsoupcanyouhaveinthisrestaurant?A.Vegetablesoup B.Eggsoup C.Bonesoup D.Fishsoup60.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothe“MENU”?A.Ifyouhaveonly￥20.00,youcanbuyBeefandFriedrice.B.GanluyuanRestaurantonlyservestraditionalChinesefood.C.ThecheapestmaincourseisItalianpizza.D.Ifyouwanttoorderfood,youcansendan-email.【解析】56题答案为C。根据文章细节内容，可寻找和对号入座的方法快速找到答案。【解析】60题答案为C

。根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D四个答案的内容是否正确。很易找出C

符合图表内容。此类型题可以根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。情景推断法、代词替代法等

词义猜测型主要提问方式：1.Theword“”inthepassageprobablymeans__________.2.Theunderlinedword“it”inthepassagerefersto___________.3.Here“it”means______________判断词义1〕文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3〕根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领Passage3:〔本次月考阅读B〕OnedaypeopletakehimtoNewYork,butthepoordogislostthere.Theplaceisfarfromhishometown.It’sabout2,000milesaway.Boltwantstoreturntohisworld.Hehastofaceallthedangerallbyhimself.HebeginstogoacrosstheUSA.OnhiswayhemeetsMittens,alonelycat.Thentheymeetamouse.HisnameisRhino.HelikeswatchingTVverymuch.Theybecomefriends.Theymeetmanystrangeanimalsandpeopleontheirway.Alongtheway,theymeetmanydifficulties.Theytrytheirbesttodealwiththemandnevergiveup.AtlastBoltfeelsthathecanbeahero(英雄)bothinTVprogramsandinreallife.Themovieisveryinstructive.Wecanlearnalotfromit.64.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“instructive”meaninthepassage?A.刺激的 B.有教育意义的 C.浅薄的 D.滑稽的解释Themovieisveryinstructive.Wecanlearnalotfromit.从此单词的下一句话，我们可以推出instructive的词意。因此选C项。此题答案选C

推理判断题：着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论〔非考生观点〕，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。推理判断型

透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。推理判断题〔做题要领〕既要求学生透过文章外表文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的开展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。推理判断型常见的命题方式有：Wecanconclude(得出结论)

fromthepassagethat_____.2.Whatisthepurpose(目的)

ofthispassage?3.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?

Passage4(本次4月月考阅读D)Everyonefeelssadsometimes.It’snormaltofeelsadwhensomethingbadhappenstoyou.It’sallrighttoshowyou’resad.It’sallrighttocry.Butifyoutalktoyourfriends,teachersorfatherandmother

,listentosoftmusicortakepartinactivities,youmayfeelmuchbetter.Trytosmileatlifewhenyouareintroubleandthenyouwillsoonbehappyagain.Ifyouhaveanyproblem,pleasecallmeat2676790.Don’tkeepsilentaboutyourproblem.

——————根据以上短文内容，完成以下表格，每空一词。答案书写在答题卡各小题规定的位置。parents解析：从Butifyoutalktoyourfriends,teachersorfatherandmother

句可以推出fatherandmother与parents替代，因此在此填写parents。答案一定要在原文中找到依据或理由，不能只凭常识或自己主观胡乱推测。文章IInChina,safetyeducationisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantnow.ThelastMondayinMarchisforstudentstolearnitatschool.Ithelpsstudentslearnmoreaboutwhattheyshoulddotokeepthemselvessafe.Whataretheaccidentsatschool?Takealook.Stampedes〔踩踏〕,earthquakesandfiresarethemainaccidentsatschool.Astampedealwayshappensincrowdedplaces.Whenstudentsaroundyoubegintopush,juststandthereandtrytoholdontosomething.Ifyoufalldowninthecrowd,movetoonesideandprotectyourheadwithyourhandsaround.

Exercise:

Passage5铜仁市2015年中考阅读理解BWhenearthquakeshappen,youcangetunderadeskquicklyandholdon.It’llprotectyoufromfallingthings.Ifyouareoutdoors,findaplaceawayfrombuildings,trees,andpowerlines.Whenthere’safire,leavetheclassroomquickly.It’sbettertoputsomethingwetoveryourmouthandnose.Inthisway,youwon’tbreatheinsmoke.Manypeopledieinafire,notbecauseofthefirebutsmoke.Itmakesthemcoughandtheycan’tbreathe.阅读A与B两篇短文，从56－65每题所给的选项中选出最正确答案，并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。61.Stampedes,earthquakesandfiresarethemainaccidents________.A.atschool. B.athome C.onthefarm. D.intheopenair.62.Astampedealwayshappensin___________places.A.busy B.dirty C.crowded

D.clean63.Whenearthquakeshappen,youcanget

___