Unit+4+History+and+Traditions+Listening+and+Speaking高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit4HistoryandTraditionsListeningandspeakingShareviewsonhistoricsitesTeachingobjectives:Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.getfamiliarwithConfuciusTemple,Confucius,Confucius'descendants/dɪˈsendənt/andConfucius'educationalthoughts(教育思想).2.

understandEnglishidioms/'ɪdɪəm/andrelatedculturalbackgroundknowledge(文化背景知识).3.talkaboutConfucius'educationalthoughts.4.communicatewiththewordsandidiomsinlistening.Apeoplewithouttheknowledge(知悉/了解)of

theirpasthistory,origin/ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/andcultureislikeatreewithoutroots(根).——MarcusGarvey一个民族不了解自己过去的历史、起源和文化，就像一棵树没有根。——马库斯加维Confucius(551—479BC)Educator教育家/教育工作者Thinker思想家Statesman/politician/ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn/

政治家Philosopher/fəˈlɒsəfə(r)/

哲学家FounderoftheConfucianism儒家学派创始人SymbolofChinesecultureislistedasthefirstofthe“Toptenculturalcelebritiesintheworld”

世界十大文化名人之首WhatdoyouknowaboutConfucius?portrait/ˈpɔːtreɪt/n.(人物)画像；肖像VideoTimePre-listeningTranslatethefollowingquotesandthinkaboutConfucius’ideasoneducation.1.Learningwithoutreflectingleadstoconfusion.2.Reviewtheoldandlearnthenew.3.Makenosocialdistinctionsinteaching.4.Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantotherstodotoyou.

5.Tolearnandatduetimetorepeatwhatonehaslearnt,isn’tthatafterallapleasure?

学而不思则罔。温故而知新。有教无类。己所不欲，勿施于人。

学而时习之，不亦乐乎？Pre-listeningIfsomeonewantstoknowsomethingaboutConfucius,wherewouldyourecommend?曲阜Qufu

morethan2,500yearsofhistory.bestknownasthehometownofConfucius,alsothehomeofhisdescendants.Whatwouldyourecommend?“三孔”哪“三孔”？

Pre-listeningWhatdoyouknowabouttheseplaces?TempleofConfucius孔庙themostfamousandlargesttempletocommemorate/kəˈmeməreɪt/(纪念)Confucius

aUNESCOWorldHeritageSitecovers(占一片面积)16,000squaremetresandhas460rooms

DachengHall(大成殿)stands(位于)atthecentreandistheprincipalplace(主要场所)forofferingsacrifices/ˈsækrɪfaɪs/(祭拜/上供)toConfuciusPre-listeningWhatcanyousayabouttheseplaces?KongFamilyMansion孔府 /ˈmænʃn/

located

totheeastof(在...东面)theTempleofConfuciusthehistoricalhomeofthedescendantsofConfuciusfromwheretheymanagedsitesandceremoniesinQufutodayitisamuseum.Pre-listeningWhatcanyousayabouttheseplaces?CemeteryofConfucius/ˈsemətri

孔子墓(孔林)thisiswhereConfuciusandhisdescendantsareburiedtherearemorethan10,000ofthem，buriedhereover2,000years.While-listeningListenandfillintheblanks.Fact/OpinionaboutConfuciusWilliam1.Confuciusisoneofhisfavourite_________.2.3.XiaoKong1.2.3.Confuciuswasa____man.Confuciuslivedover_________.Confuciushas_______________________.Hewasagreat________andhadmany______________.Hewasoneofthegreatest_____inhistory.wise2,500yearsagophilosophersover3milliondescendantseducatorideasabouteducationmindsPost-listeningScriptWilliam：Excuseme,doyouspeakEnglish?

I’mlookingfortheConfuciusTemple,butI’mnotgoodatmaps—they’remyAchilles’heel!XiaoKong：Oh,hello,yes.Comewithme.I’mgoingtothetemplerightnow.Bytheway,whatdoes“Achilles’heel”mean?William：Oh,itmeansthatsomethingismyweakness—I’mreallybadwithmaps!SodoyouknowmuchaboutConfucius?He’soneofmyfavouritephilosophers.Hewassuchawiseman.XiaoKong：Oh,yes.Iwasbornhere.Infact,IbelieveIamadescendantofConfuciushimself.William：XiaoKong：William：XiaoKong：Noway,you’repullingmyleg,right?Sohowdoyouknowyou’rerelatedtoConfucius?Didn’theliveover2,500yearsago?Yes,buthisfamilytreeiswellrecorded.Hehasoverthreemilliondescendants.Sorryagain,whatdoes“pullingmyleg”mean?Oh,sorry,itmeanstojokewithsomeone.Anyway,soyou’reactuallygoingtothetempletopayrespectstoyourrelative?Well,yes.ButI’malsomeetingmystudygroupthere.WearedoingaresearchprojectonConfucius’ideasoneducation.Youknow,Confuciuswasagreateducator,andhehadmanygreatideasabouteducation.Forexample,hetalkedabouttherelationshipbetweenlearningandreflecting.Hebelievedthatlearningwithoutreflectingleadstoconfusion...Oh,look,thetempleisjustoverthere.William：XiaoKong：William：XiaoKong：Oh,great!What’sthatbigbuildingoverthere?Oh,that’sthefamousDachengHall.Youknow,it’ssowell-respectedinQufuthatnootherbuildinginthecitycanbetallerthanit.Wow,nowthat’srespect.That’salittlebitlikemyhometown—Stratford-upon-Avon.Wait,youmeanwhereShakespearewasfrom?Whatacoincidence—ConfuciusandShakespeare,twoofthegreatestmindsinhistory!IreallywanttovisittheUK—I’mreallyinterestedinBritishhistoryandculture.William：Oh,that’sgreat!Solaterwecangoforacupofteaandhaveachataboutit.Anditwouldbegreatifyoucouldtakemesomewheretogetmywatchfixed.XiaoKong：William：OK,noproblem!Socomeandmeetmystudygroup—wecantellyouallaboutthetemple.AndhowlongareyoustayinginQufu?IcanshowyoutheCemeteryofConfuciusandtheKongFamilyMansions.Really?That’ssokind!IneedallthehelpIcanget—I’mlikeafishoutofwater!While-listeningListentoaconversationbetweenaBritishtouristandaChinesestudentinQufu,decidewhetherthesestatementsaretrue(T),false(F)ornotmentioned(NM).1

Confuciussaidthatlearningwithoutunderstandingleadstoconfusion.T□F□NM□2

XiaoKongisdoingaresearchprojectonConfuciusphilosophy.T□F□NM□3

AsoneofConfucius’descendants,XiaoKong’snameisrecordedinthefamilytree.T□F□NM□4

DachengHallisthetallestbuildinginQufu. T□F□NM□While-listeningChoosethebestanswer.WhydoyouthinkWilliamsaidhishometownwassimilartoQufu?A.Therearefamoushallsinhishometown.B.Therearenotallbuildingsinhishometown.C.Bothplaceshaveafamouspersonwhowasbornthere.D.Hishometowndoesn’tallowotherbuildingstobemorenoticeablethanthehistoricbuildings.Post-listeningReadthescriptandfindoutthemeaningsoftheidiomsEnglishidiomMeaningChineseequivalentAchilles’heelpullone’slegfishoutofwaterPost-listeningReadthescriptandfindoutthemeaningsoftheidiomsEnglishidiomMeaningChineseequivalentAchilles’heelpullone’slegfishoutofwatersomethingthatissomeone’sweaknesstojokewithsomeonesomethingwhofeelsuncomfortablebecausetheyareinanunfamiliarplace弱点；要害戏弄(离水之鱼)感到不自在；如芒在背Achilles’heelAchilleswasthebelovedsonofthemortalhero（凡人英雄）Peleusandtheseagoddess（海洋女神）Thetis,inanattempttomakehissoninvulnerable(刀枪不入的),setouttowashAchillesinanmagicriver.Whendoingso,sheheldAchillesbytheankleandthereforeimmersedeverypartofthebaby’sbodyexcepttheheelwhichsheheldinherhand.SotheunwashedheelbecametheonlyweaknessinAchilles’body.Atlast,Achillesdiedofawoundafterbeinghitbyanarrow(箭)onthatheel. Peterwasthebestathleteinthecompetitionandeveryonebelievedhewouldwinthechampion.Buthelostitfinally.Afterthecompetition,hesaidwithgreatremorse(万分懊悔):

“CarelessnessismyAchilles’heel!Imustgetridofit.”Anexample:Nowadays,

“Achilles’heel”isusedtorefertothefatalweakness.Carelessnessismyfatalweakness