Unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla知识梳理人教版英语九年级全册

Unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla.短语归纳 ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ 4.参加音乐会____________________5.剩下的/其余的……_____________ 6.拾起；捡起____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ 10.同时；一起______________________________________ ____________________13.追逐；追赶__________________ 14.不但……而且……____________________________________ ______________ ____________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________25.……的位置____________________ ____________________27.照射进……____________________ 28.……中央____________________ ____________________ ____________________SectionA1.Whosevolleyballisthis?这是谁的排球？whose〔形容词或代词〕谁的可用来询问物品的所属关系，既可放在名词前作定语，也可单独使用，具体句型为“Whose+（名词+）一般疑问句？”，常用含有名词所有格或名词性物主代词的句子作答。—Whosebasketisthis?=Whoseisthisbasket?—It'sMary's.练习根据下面的句子及所给的首字母写出单词的正确、完全形式（每空限填一词）。—W___________volleyballisthis?—ItmustbeCarla's.Shelovesvolleyball.2.ItmustbeCarla's.它一定是卡拉的。must〔情态动词〕①一定；肯定表示可能性很大的肯定推测，通常与be连用，这种用法只用于肯定句，其否定结构是can't(be),意为“不可能（是）”。ThelicensemustbeNick's.Thelicensecan'tbeNick's.②必须用于肯定句或疑问句；否定形式mustn't意为“一定不要；禁止”。Wemusteducatethepublictoprotecttheenvironment.—MustIcleanthefridgenow?—Yes,youmust.(No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.)Youmustn'tsmokeinpublic.练习—Gina,whosebookisthis?—It___________beCarla's.CharlesDickensisherfavoritewriter.A.must B.can C.may3.Hewastheonlylittlekidatthepicnic.他是野餐中唯一的小孩。1)only①〔形容词〕唯一的；仅有的仅用在名词前，作定语。ItistheonlymusicalinstrumentIhave.②〔副词〕仅，只Heonlymentionedhisfather.2)picnic〔可数名词〕野餐atthepicnic在野餐中 goforapicnic去野餐 haveapicnic举行野餐Let'shaveapicnicinthefield.4.ThehairbandmightbelongtoLinda.这个发带可能属于琳达。belongto属于 belong此处用作不及物动词，to为介词，后可接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格，其主语通常是物。Thetruckbelongstomyuncle.Thetoyrabbitbelongstome.拓展belongtosb.可与“be+名词性物主代词/名词所有格”进行转换。 注意belongto不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。Thispairofglovesbelongstoher.=Thispairofglovesishers.Thescissorsbelongtomymother.=Thescissorsaremymother's.练习Thepinkhairbandmustbelongto_________.A.Linda'sB.LindaC.hers5.What’swrong?怎么了？What'swrong(with...)?(…)怎么了？常用来询问某人遇到了什么麻烦事、患了什么疾病或某物出了什么问题等。—What'swrongwithyou?—Ilostsomemoney.拓展表示“(……）怎么了/出什么事了？"的常见句型还有：What'sthematter(with...)?=What'sthetrouble(with...)?=What's...trouble?What'sthematterwithyou?=What'sthetroublewithyou?=What'syourtrouble?6.Iattendedaconcertyesterdaysoitmightstillbeinthemusichall.昨天我去听了一场音乐会，所以它可能仍然在音乐大厅里。辨析：attend,join与takepartinattend参加；出席常用于参加会议、婚礼、葬礼，听报告、听音乐会、看演出、听演讲等，是比较正式的用语join加入；成为……的一员指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，并成为其中的一员，如“参军、入团、入党”等takepartin参加指参加群众性活动等，并在其中发挥积极作用Heattendedtheinternationalmeetinglastweek.ShejoinedtheYoungPioneers.We'lltakepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummervacation.7.Doyouhaveanythingvaluableinyourschoolbag?你的书包里有什么贵重的物品吗？valuable〔形容词〕贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的名词形式为value（价值；重要性）。Thanksforyourvaluableadvice.Formuchofhumanhistory,thisabilityhasmadesaltvaluable.练习用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。Weshouldtreasureourown_________artandculture,suchasshadowplayandpapercutting.(value)8.Ithinksomebodymusthavepickeditup.我想一定有人捡到它了。1)musthavedone一定做过……用于肯定句，表示对过去已经发生的事情的肯定推测。其否定结构为can'thavedone，意为“不可能做过……”。Thisglasscracked.Someonemusthavedroppedit.拓展shouldhavedone本来应该做……含有“实际上没有做”的意思。可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，表示责备或遗憾等。Ishouldhavethoughtofit.2)pickup①拾起；捡起 动副短语Pleasepickupthepostcardonthefloor.Yourchemistrybookisonthefloor.Pickitup,please.②接；接（某人）；接收（信号、声音、图像等）Thephoneisringing.Couldyoupleasepickitupforme?练习Please_________therubbishandputitintotheproperrubbishbin.A.lookupB.pickupC.growup9.I'lcallthemnowtocheckifanybodyhasit.现在我将给他们打，看看是否有人捡到了它。1)callsb.给某人打IwillcallyouifIhavetime.拓展“给某人打”的常用短语还有：①phone/telephone/ringsb.②givesb.acall/ring③makeatelephonecalltosb.④ring/callsb.up动副短语Pleasecall/ringmeupwhenyougetthere.2)anybody〔不定代词〕①任何人相当于anyone,多用于否定句、疑问句，也用于if或whether之后，代替somebody。anybody作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。注意当有形容词修饰anybody时，形容词置于其后。Iwonderifanybodywillattendthemeetingwithme.②随便哪个人Anybodycanseethatit'swrong.考点向导常在"单项填空"题或"完形填空”题中考查anybody与somebody、nobody、everybody等不定代词的辨析。10.StrangeHappeningsinMyTown发生在我镇的怪事happening〔可数名词〕事件；发生的事情 尤指不寻常的事，常用复数形式。Therehavebeenreportsofstrangehappeningsinthetown.11.Whenhewasinterviewedbythetownnewspaper,hesaid,“Everynightwehearstrangenoisesoutsideourwindow...”城镇报社采访他时，他说：“每天晚上我们都听到窗外有奇怪的声响…”1)noise〔名词〕声音；噪音既可作可数名词，表示某一具体的嘈杂声、喧闹声；又可作不可数名词，意为“噪音；喧闹声”。其形容词形式为noisy，意为“喧闹的”。makenoise/noises/anoise吵闹，制造噪音Don'tmakeanoise.2）辨析：noise,sound与voicePleasedon'tmakemuchnoiseinclass.Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.Hehasafascinatingvoice.12.Myparentscalledthepolicemen...我的父母叫来了警察……policeman〔可数名词〕男警察 复数形式为policemen。Hewantstobeapolicemanwhenhegrowsup.拓展①policewoman〔可数名词〕女警察复数形式为policewomen。②police〔名词〕警察 是“警察”的总称，其前常加定冠词the，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。ThepoliceweredealingwithatrafficaccidentwhenIpassedby.注意表示“一名警察”要用apoliceman/policewoman，不能用apolice。13.Atfirst,Ithoughtthatitmightbeadog,butIcouldn'tseeadogoranythingelse,either.起初，我认为它可能是一只狗，但我没看到狗，也没看见其他任何东西。辨析：else与otherelse副词别的；其他的修饰疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词时，else置于这些词之后other形容词其他的；另外的修饰名词，且位于名词之前Whatelsecanyouseeintheroom?Didyouinviteanyoneelse?Whatotherthingscanyouseeintheroom?14."Ithinkitwastoobigtobeadog,”shesaid.“我认为它太大而不可能是一只狗，”她说。too...to...太……而不能……too为副词，后跟形容词或副词，to是动词不定式符号，后跟动词原形。该短语在形式上是肯定结构，但是表达的是否定意义。Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.注意有时不定式前可由介词for引出不定式的逻辑主语。Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.练习地震后，医护人员工作太忙，没有得到充分的休息。（完成译句）Aftertheearthquake,doctorsandnurseswere_______busy_______takeenoughrest.15.Maybeitwasabearorawolf.也许它是一只熊或一匹狼。1)maybe〔副词〕大概；或许；可能 在句中作状语，相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybesheisinthelaboratory.拓展①maybe也许是；可能是may是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成谓语。Itmaybevaluable.②maybe和maybe可相互转换。Maybeit'sawrongchoice.=Itmaybeawrongchoice.2)wolf〔可数名词〕狼复数形式为wolvesCanyouhearthewolveshowling?拓展以f/fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般是变f或fe为ve，再加s。这样的单词还有：life—lives（生命）thief—thieves（小偷）knife—knives（刀）leaf—leaves（叶）shelf—shelves（架子）half—halves（一半）self—selves（自己）wife—wives（妻子）助记以f(e）结尾，将其变为ves构成复数的名词狼（wolf）为活命（life）去捉羊，扮贼（thief）携刀（knife）叶（leaf）丛藏。架（shelf）后半（half）天不见羊，自己（self）老婆（wife）饿得慌。16.Everyoneinourtownisfeelinguneasy,andeveryonehashisorherownideas.我们镇的每个人都在感到不安，并且每个人都有自己的想法。uneasy〔形容词〕担心的；不安的beuneasyabout对……感到不安Helookeduneasyandrefusedtoanswerquestions.拓展uneasily〔副词〕不安地Helaugheduneasily.17.Theremustbesomethingvisitingthehomesinourneighborhood...一定有什么东西在我们社区逗留…Theremustbe+主语+doingsth.一定有……正在做某事。这是一个含有情态动词must的therebe句型，表示对现在情况的肯定推测。Theremustbesomeoneplayingtheguitarinthepark.拓展"Therebe+主语+doingsth."表示"有……正在做某事"。Therearesomechildrenhavingapicnicunderthetree.18.Mostpeoplehopethatthisanimalorpersonwillsimplygoaway,butIdonotthinkthatisgoingtohappen.大多数人希望这个动物或人会直接走开，但我认为不太可能。goaway走开；离开Goaway!Idon'twanttoseeyouagain！拓展与away相关的常见短语：runaway逃跑 takeaway拿走；带走giveaway赠送；捐赠 washaway冲走；洗掉putaway把……收起来；放好 throwaway扔掉；抛弃19.Thenoisemakerishavingtoomuchfuncreatingfearintheneighborhood.噪音制造者对其在小区引发的恐慌正乐在其中呢。havefundoingsth.做某事很开心 与haveagoodtimedoingsth.同义。Thekidsarehavingfunplayingintheparknow.=Thekidsarehavingagoodtimeplayingintheparknow.20.Ihearwaterrunninginthebathroom.我听到浴室里水在流淌。辨析：hearsb./sth.doingsth.与hearsb./sth.dosth.hearsb./sth.doingsth.听到某人/某物正在做某事强调听见的动作正在进行hearsb./sth.dosth.听到某人/某物做某事强调听见动作发生的全过程，表示此动作经常发生或已经完成—Linda,canyouhearthenextdoorbabycrying?—Yes.Ioftenhearitcry.21.WheneverItrytoreadthisbook,Ifeelsleepy.每当试图去读这本书时，我都感到困倦。1)whenever〔连词〕①每当引导时间状语从句。Whenevershementionsherson,shefeelsproud.②无论何时；在任何时候 相当于nomatterwhen，引导让步状语从句。Youcanaskforhelpwheneveryouneedit.2）辨析：sleepy,asleep与sleepsleepy形容词“困倦的；瞌睡的"，可作表语或定语feelsleepy“感到困倦”asleep形容词“睡着的”，常作表语，不能用在名词前作定语fallasleep“进入梦乡；睡着”sleep动词“睡觉”sleepwell“睡得好”名词“睡眠；睡觉”gotosleep“睡着；入睡”Heissosleepythathecan'tlistencarefully.TheoldmanfellasleepwhilewatchingTV.Pleasebequiet!Thebabyissleeping.Weneedatleast8hours’sleepatnight.SectionB1.runafter追赶runafter追逐；追赶相当于chase。Somewolvesarerunningafteradeer.拓展runaway突然离开；逃离 runout用完；耗尽2.AUFOislanding.一个不明飞行物正在着陆。land①〔不及物动词〕着陆；降落；登陆 反义短语为takeoff（起飞）。Theplanewilllandinfiveminutes.Thespaceshiplandedsafely.②〔及物动词〕使着陆，使降落Thepilotlandedtheplanesafely.③〔名词〕陆地；土地IcametoChinabyland.3.Hecouldberunningforexercise.他可能是在跑步锻炼。“情态动词+be+doing”结构 表示对正在进行或发生的事情的推测。couldberunning是“情态动词+be+doing”结构，意为“可能正在做某事”。Hecouldbeworkinginthefield.Ithinkshecan'tbecuttinggrass.Marymustbeinterviewingtheteachernow.4.No,he'swearingasuit.不对，他穿着西服。suit①〔可数名词〕西服；套装Sheiswearingapinksuit.②〔及物动词〕适合suit...well/fine很适合……Thestyleofthecapsuitshimfine.5.expressingadifference表达差异express〔及物动词〕表示；表达其后可接名词、wh从句等作宾语。express...tosb.对某人表达……expressoneself表达自己（的意思、思想、感情等）Hefreelyexpresseshisideas.Heexpressedhisthankstoher.HeisstillunabletoexpresshimselfinEnglish.拓展expression〔名词〕表达；表情；表达方式Heendedtheletterwithexpressionsofthanks.6.addinginformation补充信息辨析：information,message与newsinformation不可数名词信息；消息指从学习、经验或指导中得到的信息message可数名词消息；口信；音信一般指口头传递或书写的“消息；口信；音信”等news不可数名词新闻消息多指从电视、收音机或报纸等媒体上得到的新闻消息HewantedtogetnewinformationfromtheInternet.Wouldyoumindgivinghimamessage!Youcangetthelatestnewsfromthenewspaper.7.Stonehenge,arockcircle,isnotonlyoneofBritain'smostfamoushistoricalplacesbutalsooneofitsgreatestmysteries.巨石阵，一个岩石圈，不仅是英国最著名的历史古迹之一，而且是英国最大的奥秘之一。circle①〔可数名词〕圆圈表示形状。Sheisdrawingacircle.②〔可数名词〕圈子，界 表示具有相同兴趣、职业的人形成的群体。acircleoffriends③〔动词〕圈出；包围Listenandcirclethewordsyouhear.Theyardiscircledwithafence.8.Everyyearitreceivesmorethan750,000visitors.每年，它接待超过75万名游客。1)receive〔及物动词〕接待；接受；收到 其后可接名词或代词作宾语。SheonlyreceivesguestsonMondayafternoon.Shereceivedavaluablepresentfromheruncle.拓展receivealetterfromsb.=getaletterShereceivedaletterfromherfather.=Shegotaletterfromherfather.=Sheheardfromherfather.2）辨析：receive与acceptreceive接待；接受；收到它表示的行为与主语的主观意愿无关，侧重于行为本身，不涉及收到者是否愿意，是“客观上”的收到accept接受它表示的行为由主语的主观意愿决定，强调经过主语的考虑而接受，是“主观上”的接受Hereceivedaletterfromhisfriend.Themanaskedtheladytomarryhimandtheladyacceptedit.9.PeopleliketogotothisplaceespeciallyinJuneastheywanttoseethesunrisingonthelongestdayoftheyear.人们尤其喜欢在六月份去这个地方，因为他们想（在这里）观看一年中白昼最长的一天的日出。1)especially〔副词〕特别；尤其；格外用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性，以示强调。其形容词为especial，意为“特别的；特殊的”。Theweatherhereisverycold,especiallyinwinter.练习ClothshoesbecamepopularduringtheMingDynasty,________inSichuanprovince.A.hardlyB.nealyC.reallyD.especially2）辨析：as,because与since三者均可引导原因状语从句，主要用法区别见下表：as由于；因为主句与从句并重，从句说明原因，主句说明结果because因为语气最强，可回答由why开头的句子；从句可放在主句前，也可放在主句后since既然侧重主句，从句说明显然的或已知的理由Asyouwerebadlyhurt,you'dbettergetanXray.IfeelsleepybecauseIstayeduplatelastnight.Sinceyouregrettalkingbacktoyourparents,youshouldsaysorry.10.Formanyyears,historiansbelievedStonehengewasatemplewhereancientleaderstriedtomunicatewiththegods.多年以来，历史学家们认为巨石阵是古代首领试图与神灵沟通的一座庙宇。1)historian〔可数名词〕历史学家；史学工作者Heisanarthistorianandcollector.助记 historyn历史 historiann.历史学家2)where引导的定语从句whereancientleaderstriedtomunicatewiththegods是一个定语从句，修饰atemple。若先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词代替先行词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词where引导定语从句。IhaveebacktothefarmwhereIworkedbefore.注意先行词表示地点时，如果关系词代替先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则关系词用which或that,而不用where，当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，用that。Thisisthefarmwhich/thatIworkedontwoyearsago.I'vefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplacesthatyouvisited.3)leader〔可数名词〕领导；领袖 是由“动词lead+后缀er”构成的。Sheistheleaderoftheexpedition.11.“TheleadersarrivedinEnglandmuchlater,"hepointsout.“那些首领抵达英国的时间要晚得多，”他指出。1)辨析：arrive,reach与getto三者均可表示“到达”，主要用法区别见下表：arrive不及物动词后接地点名词时，须跟介词in或at。arrivein后跟大地点，arriveat后跟小地点reach及物动词后直接跟地点名词getto动词短语后接地点名词，多用于口语中。其后跟地点副词home,here,there等时，to要省略WearrivedinBeijingyesterdayafternoon.=WereachedBeijingyesterdayafternoon.=WegottoBeijingyesterdayafternoon.练习根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。Whattimedidyouarriveattherailwaystationlastnight?（改为同义句）Whattimedidyou__________________therailwaystationlastnight?2）辨析：pointout,pointat与pointtopointout“指出”,out是副词给某人指出方向要点或错误等pointat“指着”,at是介词，侧重于指的对象指着离说话人较的人或事物pointto“指向”,to是介词，侧重于指的方向指向离说话人较的人或事物Theteacherpointedoutmanymistakesinmyhomework.It'simpolitetopointatotherswithyourchopsticks.Hepointedtothehouseontheothersideoftheriverandsaid,“That’smyhome.”12.Otherpeoplebelievethestoneshaveamedicalpurpose.其他人认为这些石头有一种医学目的。1)medical〔形容词〕医疗的；医学的名词形式为medicine（药；医学）。Theyaregoingtobuysomenewmedicalinstruments.2)purpose〔可数名词〕目的；目标thepurposeof...……的目的onpurpose故意（地）；有意（地）What'sthepurposeofyourvisit?YoumakeitsoundasifIdiditonpurpose!练习The_________ofthisgameistoletstudentknowtheimportanceofpullingtogether.A.prize B.progress C.practice D.purpose13.Theythinkthestonescanpreventillnessandkeeppeoplehealthy.他们认为这些石头能够预防疾病，并使人们保持健康。prevent〔及物动词〕阻止；阻挠prevent...fromdoingsth.=stop/keep...fromdoingsth阻止……做某事Therulesareintendedtopreventaccidents.Wemustpreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted.注意 prevent...fromdoingsth.在主动语态中from可以省略，但在被动语态中from不能省略。Hewantstoknowwhyhewaspreventedfromgoingthere.14.“Asyouwalkthere,youcanfeeltheenergyfromyourfeetmoveupyourbody,”saidonevisitor.“当你走到那儿时，你能感觉到（一股）能量从你的双脚上升到你的身体里，”一位游客说。energy〔不可数名词〕①能量；力量takeenergyfrom...从……中获取能量Plantscantakeenergyfromthesun.②精力Studiesshowifwehaveagoodrest,wemusthavemoreenergytostudy.15.NooneissurewhatStonehengewasusedfor,butmostagreethatthepositionofthestonesmustbeforaspecialpurpose.没有人能确定巨石阵是被用来做什么的，但大多数人赞同石头的位置一定有一个特殊的目的。position〔名词〕位置；地方；正确位置thepositionof...……的位置inposition就位，在正确的位置outofposition不在适当的位置Doyouknowthepositionofyourcityonthemap?Makesureallthesignsareinposition.16.Somethinkitmightbeaburialplaceoraplacetohonorancestors.有些人认为它可能是一个墓地或祭拜祖先的地方。honor①〔及物动词〕尊重；表示敬意；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）英式英语写法为honour。behonoredwith...被授予……荣誉Weshouldhonorthosewholosttheirlivesinthebattle.②〔名词〕荣幸；荣誉；尊敬inhonorof...为了表示对……的敬意；为纪念……Theathletespetedforthehonoroftheircountries.Thecountrysetupaholidayinhonorofthegreatmusician.17.Othersthinkitwasbuilttocelebrateavictoryoveranenemy.还有人认为修建它是为庆祝战胜了敌人。victory〔名词〕胜利；成功可指战争、比赛、竞赛等的胜利。其后可接介词over或against，表示“对……的胜利"。win/scoreavictory获得胜利TheresultwasanarrowvictoryforJim.Atlastwewonavictory.18.Stonehengewasbuiltslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.巨石阵是历经一段很长的时期被慢慢建成的。period〔可数名词〕一段时间；时期aperiodoftime一段时间Thatwasthemostdifficultperiodofherlife.19.She'stheonlyonewhowearssuchcolorfulclothes.她是唯一穿那种色彩鲜艳的衣服的人。who引导的定语从句who在此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词theonlyone，关系代词who在从句中作主语。当先行词为人时，定语从句可用关系代词who或that引导，who或that在从句中可作主语或宾语；若关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，定语从句也可用whom引导。Thestudentwho/thatisansweringthequestionisJohn.DoyouknowMr.Zhangwho/whom/thattheylikeverymuch?练习WeallmissWuMengchao_________savedthousandsoflivesinhismedicalwork.whichB.whatC.who知识梳理词形变化1.who(pron.谁）+se→whose））+ing（名词后缀）→happening(n.事件；发生的事情）e(n.声音；噪音）去e,+y（形容词后缀）→noisy）y变i,+ly（副词后缀）→noisily）a）a变e→policemen（复数）f）f变v,+es→wolves（复数）（否定前缀））→uneasy(adj.担心的；不安的））+y（形容词后缀）→sleepy(adj.困倦的；瞌睡的）8.express(v.表示；表达）+ion（名词后缀）→expression(n.表情；表示；表达方式）9.lead(v.带路；领路）+er（名词后缀）→leader(n.领导；领袖）（中间）+summer(n.夏天；夏季）→midsummer(n.仲夏；中夏）ine(n.药；医学）ine变al（形容词后缀）→medical(adj.医疗的；医学的）y）y变i,+an（名词后缀）→historian(n.历史学家；史学工作者）短语归纳1.belongto属于 2.atthepicnic在野餐中3.gotoapicnic去野餐 4.attendaconcert参加音乐会5.therestof...剩下的/其余的…… 6.pickup拾起；捡起7.nothingmuch没什么事 8.eachother=oneanother相互9.runaway逃跑 10.atthesametime同时；一起11.makenoise/noises/anoise制造噪音 12.goaway离开13.runafter追逐；追赶 14.notonly...butalso...不但……而且……15.historicalplaces历史遗迹 17.akindof一种 19.pointat/out/to指着/指出/指向 20.inacertainway以某种方式21.avictoryoveranenemy战胜敌人22.waitfor等待23.belatefor迟到 24.onthephone通过25.thepositionof ……的位置 26.aperiodoftime一段时期27.shineinto照射进…… 28.thecenterof……中央29.arrivein