2021-2022学年高中英语人教版必修5教案：Unit1GreatscientistsUsinglanguage（系列二）

必修五Unit1Greatscientists

Usinglanguage

ThreeDimensionalTeachingAims

Knowledgeaims:

LettheSsknowaboutsomescientistsandtheirlifeandcontributions.

GettheSstolearnhowtotalkaboutscientificworkandhowtodescribeaperson.

AbilityAims:

Trainthestudents9speakingabilitybydescribing,talkinganddiscussing.

Trainthestudents9listeningability.

EmotionalAims:

Trainthestudents5abilitytocooperatewithothers.

Encouragethestudentstolearnfromscientiststoshowinterestinscientificexplorationand

research.

TeachingImportantPoints

Trainthestudents?speakingabilitybydescribing,talkinganddiscussing.

Helpthestudentsimprovetheirlisteningability.

TeachingDifficulties

Trainthestudents,listeningability.Especiallylistenandunderstandwhatthespeakersmean

beyondwords.

TeachingAids

ataperecorder,aprojectorandtheblackboard

TeachingProcedure

Step1Greeting

Step2Revision

T:Todaywewillbeginourlessonwithacompetitionbetweengroups.Inthelastperiod,we

learntaboutJohnSnowwhodefeats“KingCholera^^.Now,pleasesaysomethingthatyouknow

aboutit.Ifyouofferacompletesentence,youwillbegiventenmarks.Yourgroupwillbegiven

twentymarkswhenyourexpressionisespeciallybeautiful.

S:JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon,whoattendedQueenVictoriatoeasethe

birthofherbabies.

S:Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera,

whichwasthedeadlydiseaseofhisday.

S:JohnSnowgotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowcholerakilledpeople.

S:Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatispeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodies,

withtheirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoontheaffected

personwasdead.

Ss:...

(Theteachershouldencouragemorestudentstojoininthecompetition.Attheendofthe

competition,theteachershouldannouncetheresultofthiscompetition.Praisethewinnerand

encouragethelosers.)

T:WhatcanwelearnfromJohnShow?

S:Weshouldbaseourtheoriesonpractice.

S:Weareinspiredtohaveaspiritofscientificexploration.

S:Wedosomeresearchwiththepurposeofservingthepeopleandsociety.

Ss:...

T:Yes,wecanlearnalotfromthescientist.Infact,thereareagreatnumberofpeople

workingonscienceworthyofbeinglearnedbothathomeandabroad.Canyounamesome

scientistsandintroducetheirmaincontributions?

S:Archimedes,whodiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthem

float.

S:Darwinwroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironment

changed.

S:MadamCuriediscoveredradium.

S:StephenHawkingputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.

S:ZhangHenginventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened.

Ss:...

T:Youdidagoodjobandlistedmanyscientistsaswellastheircontributions.Today,weare

goingtolearnaboutmorescientists.

Step3Listening(onPages5-6)

Task1Pre-listening

T:Firstlefsenjoythepicture.Whatcanyousee?

S:PresidentJiangZeminandanoldman.

T:PresidentJiangZeminvisitedQianXuesen.

T:WhathaveyoualreadyknownaboutQianXuesen?

S:HeisaChinesescientist,whoseresearchmainlycentersonPhysics.

S:Heishonoredas"ChineseRocketFather”.

S:HehasmadegreatcontributionstospacetravelinChina.

T:Good.Youseemtohaveagoodknowledgeofhim.QianXuesenisafamousscientistwho

hascontributedmuchtothecountry'scauseofscienceandtechnology.

Task2FirstListening

T:Wearetolistentothematerial,whichisaboutQianXuesen.YuPingistellingherfriend

SteveSmithaboutQianXuesen'slife.IfyouwereYuPing,whattopicswouldyouliketocover

whenintroducinghim?

S:Thedatewhenhewasbornandhedied;theplacewherehewasborn,lived,studiedand

died;hisfamily;hisexperience;hisachievements;hiscontributions

T:Excellent.Whenwetalkaboutandintroduceascientist,weusuallydescribetheseaspects.

Now,listencarefullyandtickoutwhichtopicsarementionedinthetape.

(Afterlistening,letthemchecktheanswers.)

Task3SecondListening

T:Thistime.You'llwritedowntheanswerstothefivequestions.Boysandgirls,howcanwe

writetheanswersfastandcorrectly?

S:Weshouldgothroughthequestionsfirstandkeeptheminmind.Whenwearelistening,

wejustneedtopaymuchattentiontothesentencesrelatedtotheanswers.

S:Weneedn'twritedowneachwordoftheanswers.Wejustwritedownsomekeywords.

Laterwecanwritedownthecompleteanswerswiththehelpofthesekeywords.

T:Youareclever.Nowpleasegetready.First,lookthroughtheintroductiontothelistening

material.Then,scanthequestions.

(Twominuteslater,theteacherplaysthetape.ThengiveSstimetoorganizetheirsentences.)

T:Let'schecktheanswersonebyone.

(Ifthestudentsmakesomecommonmistakesortheyseemtohavedifficultyinfindingout

answers,teacherscangivethemsomehintsandletthemlistentoitagain.Afterthat,checkthe

answers.Ifthestudentsfeelitdifficulttomakesenseaboutthekeywordsandunderstandthe

speakers?intentionandattitude,theteachershouldgivethemsomehelp.)

Task4Post-listening

T:Afterlistening,wouldyoupleaseanswersomequestions?

1Whatdidyouhearonthetape?

2WhatcanyoulearnfromQianXuesen?

(Atthisparttheteachermayhavethestudentspresentwhattheyhaveheardonthetapeand

showtheirownopinionaboutwhattheyhavelearnedfromhim.Ifpossible,theteachermayhave

someofthestudentsdothepresentationworkinclass.Bydoingthis,thestudentscangetfull

understandingofwhatthetapeistalkingabout.)

Step4Listening(Page41)

Task1Pre-listening

T:JustnowwelearnedaboutaChinesescientist,QianXuesen,whohasmadegreat

contributionsonspacetravelinChina.Wewillgettoknowanotherscientist,whosecontribution

isonbotany.Canyouguesswhoheis?

S:CarlLinnaeus,maybeDarwin.

T:Youareright.Bothscientistsdidstudybotanyanddevotedtheirtimetotheresearch.As

weknow,CarlLinnaeusdevelopedhissystemabouthowtoclassifyspecies.WhileDarwinwrote

abookontheOriginalofSpecies,inwhichheexplainedhowanimalsandplantsdevelopedasthe

environmentchanged.ThefollowingisaboutCarlLinnaeus.

T:Now,readtheinstructionsaboutthelisteningandchoosewhichofthefollowing

statementsmistcloselydescribeswhatthislisteningpassageisabout.Explainwhytheothersare

wrong.

S:Ithinkthethirdoneisright.Thisisaboutamanwhofindsaflowerandwantstoknowif

itisanewspeciesofflower.Becauseheisinterestedinbiologyandespeciallyinthestudyof

plants.Whathewantstodoistostudywhetheritisanewspecies.Theothertwostatementscan

notconveythestudy.

Task2Listening

T:Whatyousaidisreasonable.Lefslistentogethertofindwhetheryouranswerisright.

(Afterlistening,letthemchecktheanswers.)

T:Listentothetapeagainandtrytocompletethefollowingpassage.

Tofindthenameofanunknownflower,firstyouhavetogotoseeaflower

he/shewilllookinaspecialwrittenbyCarlLinnaeus.Helived

infromto.Hewasveryimportantbecausehesolveda

seriousproblemfor.Hesawallplantsandanimalsproduce.Some

animalsproducebutotherslaywhileplants.Heusedthese

differentwaysofproducingyoungtoputplantsandanimalsinto.Forexample,the

groupcalledbirdslaytoproduceyoungandtheyallhave.Linnaeusput

theplantsandanimalsintosmallergroupsorspecies.Hegaveeachonetwonames.Oneisfbrthe

largegroup,forexampleandoneisforthespecies,forexample.Soa

parrotwouldbe.Hewasthefirstpersontosuccessfullyclassifyallplantsand

animals.

Task3Post-listening

Letthestudentsfillintheblanketsandthencheck.Ifthestudentsfeelitdifficulttodoit,let

themlistenitathirdtime.Aftercheckingtheanswers,askthestudentstoreadittogether.

Step5Listening(Page44)

T:Lookatthescreenandlet'sreadthefollowingnewwordsfirstly.

(Thesewordsarepresentedonthescreen:analyse,pure,foundation,symbol,sin,cousin,

geometry,calculus,mechanics,practical,topology)

T:Canyouguesswhichfieldthenextscientistisinaccordingtothenewwords?

S:Thenextmustbeamathematician.

T:Right.ThismathematicianisLeonhardEuler.JohnSmithisdiscussingwithZhaoYanghis

researchintothelifeandworkofamathematiciancalledLeonhardEuler.Listentothetapeand

fillinthechartontheimportanceofEuler'swork.

Euler'sachievementsExamples

Newsymbolsandterms

Oldareasofmathematics

Newareaofmathematics

Importance

(Afterlistening,asksomestudentstofillinit.Ifmanystudentsfeelitdifficult,letthemlisten

toitagain.Whiledoingit,theteachercanalsoasktwostudentstocometowritetheanswerson

theblackboard.Theteacherhadbettergivethempraiseiftheydoitwell.)

Step6Speaking

Task1Lead-in

T:Boysandgirls,fromthelisteningmaterial,weknowaboutsomescientists.Doyouhavea

dreamtobeascientistinthefuture?

Ss:Yes./No.

T:Supposeyouwouldliketoworkasascientist,andyouarediscussingwithyourpartner

aboutyourfuturejob.Whatquestionswouldyouliketoconcern?

Si：Whatjobdoyouwanttodo?

S2：Howwillyougetthejob?

S3：Whatpreparationswillyoumakeforthefuturejob?

T:Right.Apartfromthose,wecanalsotalkaboutthefollowingquestions:

1Whateducationwillyouneed?

2Whatpersonalitywillbeneeded?

3Whatworkexperiencewouldbeuseful?

4Howlongwillthetrainingtake?

5Howwillyouprepareforthiscareer?

T:Theseexpressionsmayhelpyou:

Ialwayswantedto...because...TheexperienceIwillneedis...

Imightfinditdifficultto...Ineedtopractise...

Mygreatestproblemwillbeto...

Iwillneedtobe/become...

patient,creative,hard-working,co-operative,confident,brave,positive,pleasant,polite,

determined,energetic,strictwith...

Task2Dialogue(pairwork)

T:Nowitistimetodiscusswhatscientificjobeachofyouwouldliketochooseinthefuture

withthehelpofthementionedquestionsandexpressionsinpairs..Iwillgiveyoufiveminutesto

prepareforit.AfterthatIwillletsomeofp.airstocometoactitout.

Sample:

A:Whatjobdoyouwanttodointhefuture?

B:Ialwayswanttobeabotanist.

A:Ifyouwanttobeascientist,whateducationwillyouneed?

B:Iwilltrymybesttogotoakeyuniversitytolearnandstudybotany.

A:Whatworkexperiencewouldbeuseful?

B:TheexperienceIwillneedistostudywildplantsinthewildwhenIamatschool.Now,I

jointhesocialnaturalcluborganizedbyourschool.EverytimeImakeeveryefforttoovercome

difficultytostudyplantsinthewild.

A:Doyouknowwhatpersonalitywillbeneededifyouwanttobeascientistinthefuture?

B:Iwillneedtobepatient,creative,hard-working,brave,energeticandco-operative.

A:Yes,Iagreewithyou.Besidesthosepersonalities,wealsoshouldbedetermined,

confidentandpositive.

B:Iwillmakeeffortstoownsuchgoodquality.

A:Howwillyouprepareforthiscareer?

B:IintendtogotocollegenextyearandthenIwillhaveachancetobeascientist.Butmy

greatestproblemwillbewhetherIwillbeabletogotouniversityinthefuture.

A:Don'tworryaboutitandjustgetdowntopreparingfbrit.Goodchancesalwaysbelongto

thepersonswhohavealreadypreparedforthem.Iamsureyouwillsucceedifyoukeepworking

hard.Iamwaitingforyourgoodnews.

B:Thankyouforyourencouragement.Iwillmakefulluseoftimetostrugglefbrsuccess.

Task3Free-talk

T:Letustalkfreely.Youareallowedtomove.abouttofindastudentyou'dliketotalkwith.

Imagineyouaregoingtomeetaspecialistaboutanewly-foundflower.Yourpartnerwillbethe

assistantfortheflowerspecialist.Youbothneedadescriptionoftheothersoyoucanrecognize

eachotherwhenyoumeet.Nowringtheassistanttosortoutthenecessaryinformation.

(Ofcourse,followingtheabove,thestudentsmaygatheraroundormovearoundtofindtheir

ownfavoritepartnerstotalkwith.Thisisahalf-controlledactivity.Teachersletthemexpress

whatevertheywanttoonconditionthattherearesomeexpressionsonthetheme.Givethemabout

fiveminutestoprepareforit.Later,asksomepairstoactitout.Asusual,theteacherwon'tforget

togivecommentsonwhatthestudentsdo,includingtheteacher'swordspraisingwhattheyare

doinginthefirstfewstages.Onlyinthiswayarethestudentsencouragedtotalkfreelyabout

whattheywanttosayandwhytheythinkso.)

Step7SummaryandHomework

T:Inthisperiod,wemainlyfocusonthespeakingandlisteningabilities.Ifyoufeellistening

orspeakingpoor,youhadbetterpracticemoreafterclass.Practicemakesperfect.Today's

homeworkistodescribeascientisttoyourpartnerandletyourpartnerguesswhoshe/heis.Then

exchange.

TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard

Unit1Greatscientists

Period3ListeningandSpeaking

ThequestionsmaybeusefultodiscusstheTheexpressionsmayhelpyoutodiscussyour

scientificjob,futurescientificjob.

Whatjobdoyouwanttodo?Ialwayswantedto...because...

Whateducationwillyouneed?TheexperienceIwillneedis...

Whatpersonalitywillbeneeded?Imightfinditdifficultto...

Whatworkexperiencewouldbeuseful?Ineedtopractise...

Howlongwillthetrainingtake?Mygreatestproblemwillbeto...

Howwillyouprepareforthiscareer?Iwillneedtobe/becomepatient,creative,

hard-working,co-operative,confident,brave...

ResearchandActivities

Afterclass,usethelibraryortheInternettofindoutfactsaboutimportantwomenscientists

inmedicine,physics,chemistry,biology,astronomyormathematics.Thereareveryuseful

websites(includingthe^Biographiesofwomenmathematicianswebsite'^.Prepareatalkonyour

chosenscientists.Remembertoincludesomeinformationabouttheirlife,theirachievementsand

whytheyareconsideredimportantinsciencehistory.Thengiveyourtalktotheclass.

ResearchforTeaching

Euler,Leonhard

(bomApril15,1707,Basel,Switz.diedSept.18,1783,St.Petersburg,Russia)

Swissmathematicianandphysicist,oneofthefoundersofpuremathematics.Henotonly

madedecisiveandformativecontributionstothesubjectsofgeometry,calculus,mechanics,and

numbertheorybutalsodevelopedmethodsforsolvingproblemsinobservationalastronomyand

demonstratedusefulapplicationsofmathematicsintechnologyandpublicaffairs.

Euler'smathematicalabilityearnedhimtheesteemofJohannBernoulli,oneofthefirst

mathematiciansinEuropeatthattime,andofhissonsDanielandNicolas.In1727hemovedtoSt.

Petersburg,wherehebecameanassociateoftheSt.PetersburgAcademyofSciencesandin1733

succeededDanielBernoullitothechairofmathematics.

Eulerdevotedconsiderableattentiontodevelopingamoreperfecttheoryoflunarmotion,

whichwasparticularlytroublesome,sinceitinvolvedtheso-calledthree-bodyproblem—the

interactionsoftheSun,Moon,andEarth.(Theproblemisstillunsolved.)Hispartialsolution,

publishedin1753,assistedtheBritishAdmiraltyincalculatinglunartables,ofimportancethenin

attemptingtodeterminelongitudeatsea.Oneofthefeatsofhisblindyearswastoperformallthe

elaboratecalculationsinhisheadforhissecondtheoryoflunarmotionin1772.Throughouthis

lifeEulerwasmuchabsorbedbyproblemsdealingwiththetheoryofnumbers,whichtreatsofthe

propertiesandrelationshipsofintegers,orwholenumbers(0,±1,±2,etc.);inthis,hisgreatest

discovery,in1783,wasthelawofquadraticreciprocity,whichhasbecomeanessentialpartof

modernnumbertheory.

Inhisefforttoreplacesyntheticmethodsbyanalyticones,EulerwassucceededbyJ.-L.

Lagrange.But,whereEulerhaddelightedinspecialconcretecases,Lagrangesoughtforabstract

generality;and,whileEulerincautiouslymanipulateddivergentseries,Lagrangeattemptedto

establishinfiniteprocessesuponasoundbasis.ThusitisthatEulerandLagrangetogetherare

regardedasthegreatestmathematiciansofthe18thcentury;butEulerhasneverbeenexcelled

eitherinproductivityorintheskillfulandimaginativeuseofalgorithmicdevices(i.e.,

computationalprocedures)forsolvingproblems.

CarlLinnaeus

A

(bomMay23,1707,Rashult,Smaland,Swed.diedJan.l0,1778,Uppsala)

CarlLinnaeusisaSwedishbotanistandexplorerwhowasthefirsttoframeprinciplesfor

defininggeneraandspeciesoforganismsandtocreateauniformsystemfornamingthem.

Linnaeuswasthesonofacurate.Hisloveofflowersdevelopedatanearlyage;whenonly

eightyearsoldhewasnicknamed"thelittlebotanist.^^HestudiedattheuniversitiesofLundand

Uppsalaandreceivedhisdegreeinmedicinefromthelatter.

Linnaeus,

detailofa

portraitbyA,

Roslin,1775;

inthe

Svenska

Portraltarkivet,

Stockholm

TheSystemaNaturae,whichLinnaeushadshowntothebotanistJanFredrikGronoviusin

manuscript,soimpressedGronoviusthathepublisheditathisownexpense.Linnaeus,systemwas

basedmainlyonflowerparts,whichtendtoremainunchangedduringthecourseofevolution.

Althoughartificial,asLinnaeushimselfrecognized,suchasystemhadthesuprememeritof

enablingstudentsrapidlytoplaceaplantinanamedcategory.Itcameintouseataperiodwhen

therichnessoftheworld'svegetationwasbeingdiscoveredataratethatoutstrippedmore

leisurelymethodsofinvestigation.Sosuccessfulwashismethodinpracticethatitsveryeaseof

applicationprovedtobethegreatestobstacletoitsreplacementbythemorenaturalsystemsthat

supersededit.

Hislateryearsweretakenupbyteachingandthepreparationofotherworks:FloraSuecica

(1745)andFaunaSuecica(1746);twovolumesofobservationsmadeduringthejourneysin

weden,Vastg。taresa(174.7)andSkanska„resa(1751);HortusUpsaliensis(1748);his

PhilosophiaBotanica(1751);andtheimportantSpeciesPlantarum(1753),inwhichthespecific

namesarefullysetforth.In1755hedeclinedaninvitationfromtheKingofSpaintosettleinthat

countrywithaliberalsalaryandfulllibertyofconscience.In1761hewasgrantedaSwedish

patentofnobility,antedatedto1757,fromwhichtimehewasstyledCarlvonLinne.An

apoplecticattackin1774lefthimgreatlyweakened,andhediedfouryearslater.

TheLinnaeanmanuscripts,andhisherbariumandcollectionsofinsectsandshells,purchased

bySirJ.E.Smithin1783,arecarefullypreservedbytheLinneanSocietyatBurlingtonHouse,

London.

MarieCurie

MarieCurie

(bornNov.7,1867,Warsaw,PoL,RussianEmpire.die.dJuly4,1934,nearSallanches,

France)

MariaSklodowskaPolish-bornFrenchphysicistfamousforherworkonradioactivityand

twiceawinneroftheNobelPrize.WithHenriBecquerelandherhusband,PierreCurie,shewas

awardedthe1903NobelPrizeforPhysics.Shewasthenthesolewinnerofthe1911NobelPrize

forChemistry.

Fromchildhoodshewasremarkableforherprodigiousmemory,andattheageof16shewon

agoldmedaloncompletionofhersecondaryeducationattheRussianlycee.Becauseherfather,a

teacherofmathematicsandphysics,losthissavingsthroughbadinvestment,shehadtotakework

asateacherand,atthesametime,tookpartclandestinelyinthenationalist”free

university,^readinginPolishtowomenworkers.Attheageof18shetookapostasgoverness,

whereshesufferedanunhappyloveaffair.Fromherearningsshewasabletofinancehersister

Bronia'smedicalstudiesinParis,ontheunderstandingthatBroniawouldinturnlaterhelpherto

getaneducation.

Shecamefirstinthelicenceofphysicalsciencesin1893.ShebegantoworkinLippmann's

researchlaboratoryandin1894wasplacedsecondinthelicenceofmathematicalsciences.Itwas

inthespringofthisyearthatshemetPierreCurie.

Theirmarriage(July25,1895)markedthestartofapartnershipthatwassoontoachieve

resultsofworldsignificance,inparticularthediscoveryofpolonium(socalledbyMariein

honourofhernativeland)inthesummerof1898,andthatofradiumafewmonthslater.

FollowingHenriBecquerel5sdiscove.ry(1896)ofanewphenomenon(whichshelater

called“radioactivity")，MarieCurie,lookingfbrasu