Unit+4+History+and+Traditions+Discovering+Useful+Structures高中英语人教版（2019）必修2

UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSDiscoveringUsefulStructuresExpressfeelingsanddescribesituations

PartⅠRevision1.（给……）充电

v_________2.宣布；（尤指在机场或火车站）广播通知v__________3.数量；数额；总数

n_________4.画廊；美术陈列室；美术馆n_________5.靠近；临近；接近

v__________6.确保；保证

vt___________

7.慷慨的；大方的

adj_________8.黄油；牛油

n

___________9.蜂蜜；甜美之物

n___________10.祖先；祖宗

n___________

11.补announcement n___________12.landscape n___________13.position

vt

___________

charge

announceamountgalleryapproachbuttergenerousensurehoneyancestor通告；布告；宣布；宣告风景；风景画放置；安放；使处于14.地下停车场

15.汽车蓄电池16.服务台17.美丽的自然风光18.保护；照管；监督19.awell-organisedtrip20.beautifllydressedstars21.anaudioguide22.fixone’seyeson23.attendto

anundergroudcarparkacarbatteryaservicedeskbeautifulnaturallandscapewatchover组织有序的旅行衣着华丽的明星语音导览机；自动讲解器注视；凝视照料；处理；接待IV.构词法1.announcevt.宣布;通知;声称→_____________n.通知→__________n.广播员2generousadj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→__________adv.大方地;慷慨地→_______________n.大方;慷慨announcementannouncergenerouslygenerosityWhatisapastparticiple?abrokenheartaninjuredmancrowdedbuses

PartIILeadin1

Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.

2

Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…请观察句中过去分词和与它相关联的名词的逻辑关系。请观察过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置。分析三个例句中分词或分词短语的句子成分。

PartIIIPresentation1

Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.

2

Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…Lookatthesentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Thenfindmoresentenceswiththe-edforminthetext.astheattribute此处united可看作形容词化的过去分词。astheattributeastheobjectcomplementTheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.Moreexamples:Thenewproductfinallypassedtherequiredtest.ItisahousebuiltbytheRomans.Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.Unfortunatelyhehadhislegbrokenyesterday.Ifeltmyselfoftenconfusedatfirst.Whenthepastparticipleisusedastheobjectcomplement,itisoftenformedwiththe“have/get/feel/find/…+object+-edform”.PastParticiplesastheAttribute(2)visitors_______ofthelongwait/…atrip_________wellbymyworkplace/…stars________beautifullyattheevent/…Completethephrasesintherightcolumnbyusingthepastparticiplesintheleftcolumn.Comparethemeaningofeachpairofphrases.Thenmakesentenceswiththephrases.PastParticiplesastheAttribute(1)tiredvisitorsawell-organisedtripbeautifullydressedstars·tiredorganiseddressed过去分词(短语)作定语过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间是被动关系；过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，而单个过去分词作定语时一般前置；当过去分词是像state-owned,heart-felt,hand-made等这样的复合形式，或者前面有副词修饰时，一般放在被修饰词前面作前置定语。如前面例句中的

“awell-organisedtrip”。及物动词的过去分词作定语被修饰词与过去分词为被动关系且表示动作已完成或描述状态Heisateacherlovedby

hisstudents.不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被动意义，只表示动作已完成Therelivedaretiredteacherinthearea.过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。Hefoundthedoorlocked.Isawhimtakenawayinanambulance.Youshouldhaveyourphonerepaired.过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语常接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词，如watch,see,observe,look,hear,listen,feel,notice等；使役动词如make,get,have,keep,leave等。e.g.Iwatchedthedeskcarriedoutoftheclassroom.

Themannoticedhishometownentirelydestroyed.Mymotherhasherhaircuteverytwomonths.Wemustgettheworkfinishedbefore6o’clock.Thespeakerdidn’tknowhowtomakehimselfunderstood.

want,order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词后也常跟过去分词作宾语补足语。如：Allofuswantedsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.Themanagerorderedtheproblemsettledassoonaspossible.介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。如：Withmoreflowersplanted,thegardenlooksmuchmorebeautiful.

现在分词、过去分词、不定式作宾语补足语有什么区别？Isawhimgetoffthebus.Isawhimlyingontheroad.Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.do主动，全过程done被动，完成doing主动，进行Readthesentencesandunderlinethe-edformastheobjectcomplement.1JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.2Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.3WefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamountofnoiseattheentranceoftheNationalGallery.4JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.5Shehadacopyofthepaintingboxedtoensurethatitwasdeliveredsafely.Rewritethesentenceswithpastparticiplesastheattribute,andthenseewhetheryoucanwritealittlestorywiththem.1LochNesswassurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape,whichmadeitlookamazing.LochNesssurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscapelookedamazing.2Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthembreadwithbutterandhoneythatwashomemade.Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthemhomemadebreadwithbutterandhoney.3Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswhowerewoundedintheFirstWorldWar.Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtowoundedsoldiersintheFirstWorldWar.4TheyoungpeoplewereattractedbythelegendofLochNess.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,whichwerepositionedonthehill.TheyoungpeopleattractedbythelegendofLochNesswatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinocularspositionedonthehill.课时作业Ⅰ.

单句语法填空1.MrDonlookedatmewithasatisfied(satisfy)smile.2.Theoncepolluted(pollute)riverhasbecometotallyclear,withgrassalongbothbanks.3.Shecouldhardlycoverherworried(worry)look.4.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrasesknown(know)onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.5.Thefoldablechairdesigned(design)byShirleyismosthelpfultotheelderly.6.Pricesofdailygoodsbought(buy)onlinecanbelowerthanthoseinsomestores.7.HewasdoinghishomeworkoneSundaymorningwhenhesmeltsomethingburnt(burn).8.Themoved(move)audienceallstoodupandapplauded.9.Thecitylibrarybuilt(build)inthelastcenturyisstillingoodcondition.10.Withtheirworkfinished(finish),theywenthome,singingandlaughing.11.I’mgoingtohavemylettersposted(post)tomorrowifI’vegotthemreadybythen.12.Theyhurriedbackhomeonlytofindtheirhousebroken(break)into.13.Wecanhearthewindowsbeaten(beat)bytheheavyraindrops.Ⅱ.

根据汉语提示完成英语句子1.Theproblemdiscussed

at

the

meeting(在会议上讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.2.Theymanagedtomake

themselves

noticed(使自己被注意到)bymakingafire.3.With

everything

arranged(安排好一切后),helefttheoffice.4.Thegirldressed

in

red(穿着红色衣服)ismycousinJudy.5.Thepassingcarswereblockedby

a

fallen

tree(被一棵倒下的树)ontheroad.6.Thebookwritten

by

a

farmer(一位农民写的)isverypopularamongstudents.7.Thestudentsencouraged

by

the

teacher(受到老师鼓舞的)workedharderthaneverbefore.8.Spoken

English(英语口语)isdifferentfromwritten

English(书面英语)inmanyways.9.Iwastoobusyandfailedtohave

my

gift

sent

out(寄出我的礼物)tomyfriendyesterday.10.Shehad

an

excited

look(有一种兴奋的表情)onherfacethismorning,soshemusthavepassedtheexam.Ⅲ.

同义句转换1.Thevillagersplantedmanytreesaroundtheirhometownlastyear.→Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedaroundtheirhometownlastyear.2.ThelecturegivenbyProfessorZhangisaboutenvironmentprotection.→ThelecturewhichwasgivenbyProfessorZhangisaboutenvironmentprotection.3.Hisbookpublishedlastyearsellswell.→Hisbookwhichwaspublishedlastyearsellswell.4.AIwillbeoneofthemostinfluentialtechnologieseverinventedforpeople’sdailylife.→AIwillbeoneofthemostinfluentialtechnologiesthathaveeverbeeninventedforpeople’sdailylife.5.Thereissomethingstuckonthewall.→Thereissomethingthatisstuckonthewall.PracticeYouareapolicemanwritingareportaboutahousethathasbeenbrokeninto.Usethepastparticiplebelowastheobjectcomplementtodescribewhatyoufound.ReportofaHouseBreak-inat26MountPleasantRoad,CambridgeWhenIenteredthehouseIfoundthetelephone_____________,thewindows________andthedoor________.Iwasovercomebythesmell.disconnectedbrokenopenedsteal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(给……上保险)

PartⅠVPracticePracticeIhadtogetthekitchen________,thecooker_______andthefloor________beforeIcouldlookintotheproblem.MrsSmithhadhadthehouse________and________afewmonthsagosoitshouldhavebeensafe.Nobodyshouldhavebeenabletoenterwithoutpermission.Ihadthelocks_________andthewindows_________beforeIleft.MrsSmithwasverygrateful.cleanedrepairedwashedlockedmendedcheckedexaminedsteal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(给……上保险)PracticeShehadonlyhadthreevaluablejewels______andasshehadhadthem_______soshewasnottooupset.Shethinksthegardenermayhavestolenakeyandbethepersonwhobrokeintothehouse.Signed:PoliceConstableStephenBriggsDate:21/9/2023steal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(给……上保险)insuredstolen1.

JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.chargev.

totakeinandstoreelectricity充电tostateofficiallythatsbmaybeguiltyofacrime控告toasksbforaparticularamountofmoneyforsthyouareselling收费e.g.Thehotelcharges$125anight.Gibbonshasbeenchargedwithmurder.【归纳】takechargeof

负责管理/照顾chargesb.withsth.

指控某人犯……罪inchargeof

负责,主管chargesb.for(doing)sth.

收取某人(做)……的费用inthechargeof

由……负责freeofcharge免费chargen.v.chargen.

收费;指控;主管Theychargedme50yuanforacupofcoffee【语境应用】完成句子。1)Yourorderwillbedelivered_____________(免费)withinaten­milelimit.2)I’mnotgoingthereagain!—________________________________________(一杯咖啡他们就要了我50元).3)Theprojectis________________(在……掌管之下)anexperiencedengineer.4)Themanarrestedbythepolice________________(被指控)stealing.waschargedwithfreeofchargeinthechargeof2.Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.

announcevt.1)tostateormakeknown,especiallypublicly宣布，宣告；通知2)toshowthatsomethingisgoingtohappen作为……的迹象；显示e.g.Theyhaveannouncedthedateoftheirweddinginthenewspaper.Sheannouncedthatshehasnointentionofleavingherhusband.Gatheringcloudsannouncedtheoncomingstorm.【拓展】announcementn.

宣告、布告、通告、宣布，是可数名词。announcern.

广播员、报幕员

【语境应用】

根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子。1)ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistry_______________________________(向记者发布新闻).2)Footsteps___________________________(说明她回来了).3)Attention,please!Ihave________________________(重要通知)tomake.announcedthenewstothereportersannouncedherreturnanimportantannouncement3.

JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.approachv.

tomovetowardsornearertosborsth接近;靠近

todealwithsth着手处理

tospeakto,writeto,orvisitsbinordertodosth

接洽

e.g.I’mnotsurehowtoapproachtheproblem.She’sbeen

approached

byamodellingagency.

approachn.接近;方法;途径【归纳】1)approachsbfor/aboutsth要求某人(做)……

beapproaching快到了；正在接近2)attheapproachof

在……快到的时候

makeanapproach/approachesto

接近；逼近；交涉；对……进行探讨

an

approachto

(doing)sth(做某事)的方法(途径)【语境应用】单句语法填空。1)____________(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.2)Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches__________thestudyofmathematics.3)Whatweneedarenewapproaches__________solvingtheproblem.4)Facingyourproblemsisthebestapproachto___________(work)thingsout.Approachingtotoworking①表达“做……的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：

theapproachto(doing)sth. thewaytodo/of(doing)sth. themeansof(doing)sth. themethodof(doing)sth.②分别与不同的介词搭配：

withthismethod,inthisway,bythismeansappr