2024北京八中初二（下）期中英语（教师版）

第1页/共1页2024北京八中初二（下）期中英语一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasacleardayin1997.LottieWilliamswaswalkingthroughaparkintheUSwithherfriends___1___suddenly,somethingtappedontheshoulder.Itwasaboutas___2___asanemptysodacan.LaterscientiststoldheritwasapieceofaDellaIIrocketthathadbeenusedtolaunch___3___satellite.Manycountriesaroundtheworldhavesentsatellitesintospace.Weneedsatellites___4___andreceiveTVandradiosignals,andformany___5___things.Butwhentheybecomeoldortheymay___6___downorwedon’tneedthemanymore,wejustleavethemthere.Theybecomespacejunk.Scientiststhinkthatthereareaboutsixteen___7___objectslargerthan10centimeterswideflyingaroundtheEarth,andtensofmillionsofsmallerobjects,too.___8___travelataround7kilometersasecond.That’sfast!Andit’stheirspeedthatmakesthesepiecesofspacejunk___9___dangerous.Ifonesmallpieceofspacejunk___10___somethingatahighspeed,it___11___doalotofdamage.Luckily,therehaven’tbeenmanycollisions(碰撞).Butin2009,anoldRussiansatellitehitanddestroyedanAmericansatelliteandthatcreated2,000newpiecesofspacejunk!Piecesofspacejunkre-entertheEarth’satmosphere(大气层)everyday,___12___LottieWilliamsistheonlyperson___13___hasbeenhit.Thepiecethathitherwaslight,andtheairintheatmospherehadsloweditdown.Mostspacejunkburnsupanddoesn’treachtheEarth’ssurface.However,___14___adayof2011,ametalball35centimeterswidefelltotheEarthinNamibia,Africa.Itmadeaholeintheground30centimetersdeepandover3meterswide.Lottiewasluckybecauseshe___15___bythat!1.A.although B.when C.after D.before2.A.heavier B.heavily C.heavy D.heaviest3.A.a B.an C.the D./4.A.send B.sending C.tosend D.sent5.A.other B.others C.another D.theother6.A.breaks B.broke C.broken D.break7.A.thousands B.thousandsof C.thousand D.thousandof8.A.This B.They C.It D.Them9.A.real B.reality C.really D.morereally10.A.hits B.hit C.willhit D.hitting11.A.should B.can C.must D.haveto12.A.and B.but C.so D.or13.A.which B.when C.where D.who14A.on B.in C.at D.for15.A.didn’thit B.wasn’thitting C.wasn’thit D.isn’thit二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenitcomestoNovember11,theyounggenerationswillconsideritastheSingle’sDayaswellastheonlineshoppingcarnival(狂欢节).Onlineshoppinghasbeenmuchmore___16___especiallyafterJackMa,theCEOofTmallandTaobao,hadtheideaof“DoubleEleven”.The___17___ofonlineshoppingincludecheaperpieces,fastsearching,comparingbetweenproducts,andsavingtime.Beforetheshoppersmaketheirdecisions,theycancheck___18___andrecommendationsabouttheproductsfromotherbuyers.Itistrulyglobalsopeoplecanbuythebestproductsfromallovertheworld.Distanceisnolongera___19___becausemostsellersprovideanexpressservice(快递服务)andgoodswillbesentstraighttothedoor___20___.Youdon’tevenneedto___21___outofyourhouseorgototheshops.Youcanstayathomewithanicecupofteaandjustclickyourmousetochoosethearticleyoulike.Onlineshoppingisvery___22___,butthere’salwaysatrap.Shopperswhobuyproductsonlineare___23___thattheproductsmaybedifferentfromwhattheyhaveexpected.Onlineshoppinghasprovedtobe___24___enough.Onlineshoppershavetofillintheirpersonalinformationandcreditcardinformation,whichcanbestolenandusedbyskillfulhackers.Itwillincreasetheriskoflosingmoney.Soweshouldbe___25___enoughtoavoidtheseproblemswhenweenjoyonlineshopping.16.A.surprising B.necessary C.excellent D.fashionable17.A.achievements B.agreements C.advantages D.adventures18.A.requests B.reviews C.researches D.requirements19.A.mistake B.trouble C.question D.problem20.A.quickly B.slowly C.freely D.suddenly21.A.stand B.step C.look D.sit22.Aconvenient B.difficult C.dangerous D.expensive23.Abored B.worried C.excited D.pleased24.Aunsafe B.unusual C.untrue D.unhappy25.Acheerful B.useful C.helpful D.careful三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)OscarBloomwasunhappy.Itwashiseighthbirthday.Allhisfriendsweregoingtocomeoverthatevening.HislittlesisterSamanthahadmadehimthebrightest,friendship-birthdaybracelet.Hehadheardhisdadwhisperingtohismomthedaybeforeabout“pickingupthelittlepuppy,”andhadafeelingthatoneofhispresentsmightbealittledogthathehadbeenwishingforeversincehewasfive.Sowhatwaswrong?Oscarwassadbecausetherewasonevery,very,hugelyimportantpersonwhowasmissingtoday-hisbelovedGrandmaRose.Lastyearshefellillandthenonedayshejustwasn’tthere.“Grandma’sgone,butshestilllovesyouverymuch,”momexplained.“ImissGrandmaRose,”Oscarsaid.“Well,Grandmahasapresentforyou!”ApresentfromGrandma?How?MompressedplayontheCDplayer,andOscarheardhisgrandmother’svoice!“MydearOscar,”therecordingbegan.“I’msorryIcan’tbetherewithyoutodaytocelebratesuchanexcitingday,butI’mwithyouinspirit.I’mwithyouallthetime.Asyourbirthdaypresent,I’dliketotellyouaboutthedayyouwereborn,whichwastheveryfirstdayImetyou.Thatwasexactlyeightyearsago.Whatatinylittlethingyouwerebackthen!Thedoctorhardlyhadtimetopickyouupbeforeyoustartedtomakesounds!Everydoctorwaitsforthebabytocry,tomakesurethebabyishealthy,butyou,Oscar,youchangedtherulesonthem.Yourmotherdoesn’trememberthisbecauseshewassotired,butIwillneverforgetit.Youopenedyourmouth,andyougavealittlelaugh!That’sright,youlaughed!Andonlythendidyouopenyourmouthwidertostartcryinglikealltherestofthebabiesinthehospital.Ihopeyourememberthisstoryfortherestofyourlife,youngman,”GrandmaRosecontinued.“Thisisthebeginningofyouroralhistory!Mypresenttoyou!”Oscarcouldn’tbelievehisears.HisownGrandmaRosewastellinghimastoryhehadneverheardbefore.AbigsmilegrewacrossOscar’sface.Whataspecialbirthdaythishadturnedouttobe!26.ToGrandmaRose,whywasOscarsospecialwhenhewasborn?A.Hedidn’tmakeasound. B.Hedidn’tlaughbutcried.C.Helaughedbeforehestartedtocry. D.Hecriedbecausethedoctordidn’tpickhimup.27.Accordingtothepassage,whichpresentisthemostvaluabletoOscar?A.Thelittledog. B.Thebracelet. C.Therecording. D.Thebirthdayparty.28.Inthelastparagraph,Oscarsmiledbecause__________.A.HehadforgottenGrandmaRose. B.Hehadgotsomanyexpensivegiftsonhisbirthday.C.Therecordinghadtoldhimaspecialstoryofhismother.D.TherecordinghadbroughtGrandma’slovebacktohim.(B)Unabletostand,andsufferingfromanumberofseriousdiseasesinhisadvancedage,theworld’slastmalenorthernwhiterhino(犀牛)waseuthanizedbyarescueteaminKenyaon19thMarch,2018.OnlytwoofthenorthernwhiterhinosremainonEarth-hisdaughter,Najin,andgranddaughter,Fatu.“WeareallsaddenedbySudan’sdeath.Hewasanamazingrhino,andwillberememberedfortheworkhedidtoraiseattentionofthesadsituationfacingnotonlyrhinos,butalsothemanythousandsofotherendangeredanimals,”OlPejetaConservancychiefexecutivesaid.Sudanwasbornin1972,inwhatisnowSouthSudan,whentherewerestillabout1,000northernwhiterhinoslivinginthewild.Buttheirhomewasthendestroyedbyhuman.AsTheWashingtonPost’sKevinwroteinareportofSudanin2015:“Whenwarsbrokeout,therhinoswerelargelykilledfortheirmeatortheirhorns(角)orsometimesexchangedformoneyorguns.”Rhinohornbeinghighlyprizedisanotherreasonforthekillingofthiskindofanimal.Thehornisconsideredtohavemedicinalqualitiesandissoldatveryhighprices.Evenarecentdropinthepriceofrhinohorndidnotcomesoonenoughtosavethenorthernwhiterhinofromnear-certaindisappearingintheworld.ButSudanwassavedfromthehorriblesituationbypeoplefromazoointheCzechRepublicwhenhewas3yearsold.AfterthedeathofSuniin2014,thesecond-to-lastmale,Sudanbecametheonlymalenorthernwhiterhinointheworld.Hespentthelastyearsofhislifeunder24-hourprotection.Hishornhadbeencutoffjustinordertostoppeoplefromkillinghimforit,thoughithadbeguntogrowback.Buttheefforttosavethenorthernwhiterhinoseemstohavecometoolateforarealturnaround.Sudan’sdeathisacruelsymbolofhumannotcaringaboutnatureanditsaddenedeveryonewhoknewhim.Hopefullyitwillcallonhumanbeingstosavetheendangeredanimalsintheworld.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“euthanized”inparagraph1mean?A.Killed. B.Hurt. C.Saved. D.Found.30.Inwhatorderdidthefollowingeventstakeplace?a.SudandiedinKenya.b.Sudanwasrescuedbypeople.c.SudanwasreportedbyTheWashingtonPost.d.Sudanbecamethelastmalenorthernwhiterhino.e.Sudanlivedwithabout1,000northernwhiterhinosinthewild.A.e,b,d,c,a B.b,a,c,d,e C.b,c,a,e,d D.e,b,c,d,a31.Whatmadethenorthernwhiterhinoalmostdisappearintheworld?A.Peopledidn’tcutofftheirhorns. B.Humanbeingsdestroyedtheirhomes.C.Thepriceofrhinohorndroppedrapidly.D.TherewasnofemalenorthernwhiterhinoleftonEarth.32.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducethenorthernwhiterhino.B.Todoaresearchonthenorthernwhiterhino.C.Toraisepeople’sattentiontosavetheendangeredanimals.D.Tofindoutthereasonswhythenorthernwhiterhinowasdyingout.(C)Agoodnight’ssleepcanimproveyourmoodandyourmemory.Nowdatashowthatgettingenoughsleepmightalsogetyourcutstogrowbacktogetherfaster.Infact,sleepwasmoreimportantthangoodhealthyfoodinspeedingwoundgrowingbacktogether.Thiswasn’twhatscientistshadexpectedtosee.Theyhadhopedtoshowthatgivingpeopletherighttypeoffoodforgoodhealthandgrowthwouldmaketheirskinwoundsgrowbacktogetherfaster-eveninpeoplewhowerepreventedfromhavingenoughsleep.Thescientiststhoughtitshouldworkbecausegoodhealthyfoodkeepsthebodystrong,helpsrepairinjuriesandguardsagainstinfection(感染).TraceySmithisascientistattheU.S.ArmyResearchInstitute.Sheandherteamstudiedthreegroupsofhealthypeoplewhocametotheirlabtotakepartintests.Theygaveeachgroupsmallskinwounds.＊Onegroupof16volunteersgotanormalamountofsleep-seventoninehoursanight.Theothertwogroupsof20peopleeachgotonlytwohoursofsleepanight,forthreenightsinarow.Tostayawake,thevolunteerswereaskedtodothingssuchaswalking,playingvideogames,watchingTV,sittingonanexerciseballorplayingtabletennis.Throughouttheexperiment,oneofthesleep-losinggroupsgotahealthydrinkwithproteinandvitamins.Theothergroupalsogotadrink:Itlookedandtastedthesamebuthadnohealthychemicalsinit.Sleepclearlyhelped.Peoplewhosleptnormallygotwellinabout4.2days.Thevolunteerswithoutenoughsleeptookaboutsdays.Andgettingbetterhealthyfoodofferednoclearbenefit.WhattomakeofthedataSleepexpertCleteKushidadidn’tfindtheresultsallthatsurprising.HeisadoctoratStanfordUniversityMedicalCenterinCalifomiaTheideathatlostsleepharmsthebodyistrue.Whydidn’thealthyfoodhelphealingtime?Smithcanthinkofafewpossibilities.Thehealthydrinksmayhavehelpedalittle-justnotenoughtoshowupclearlyinthesmallnumbersofmenandwomentestedhere.Differentpeopleneeddifferentamountoftimetobecomebetter.Forpeoplewhocan’tavoidlosingsleep,scientistsstilldon’thaveagoodwaytohelpthem.Smithsays,“Ifyouwanttobecomebetterfaster,yourbestbetfornowistogetmore‘vitaminZ’.”33.Whydidthewriterwritetheparagraphwitha“＊”?A.Toshowhowrightthescientists’predictionwas. B.Tointroducewhichgroupworkedbetter.C.Totellreadershowtheexperimentwas. D.Toshowwhatvolunteerstookpartinit.34.SleepexpertCleteKushidadidn’tfindtheresultallthatsurprisingbecause_________.A.hethinkshealthydrinksjusthelpedalittlebecausenoteveryoneneedsthemB.hebelievesdifferentpeopleneedspenddifferenttimeinbecomingbetterC.heguessesthedrinksmaybenothealthyenoughtoworkproperlyD.hethinksnothavingenoughsleepisbadforpeople’sbodyandhealth35.WhatdoesSmithrefer‘vitaminZ’tointhesentence“Ifyouwanttobecomebetterfaster,yourbestbetfornowistogetmore‘vitaminZ.’”?A.AvitamincalledZ. B.Ahelpfulhealthychemical.C.Avitaminwhichishelpfultowound D.sleep36.What’sthebesttitleforthisarticle?A.Ausefulandhelpfulreportonsleep B.SleepmakeswoundsbetterfasterC.Healthyfoodhelpsrepairinjuries D.Ausefulandimportantexperiment(D)37.WhoismostlikelytoeatinTheLemonTree?A.Aladywhoenjoyshavingsalad. B.Amanwholikeslemonverymuch.C.Aboywhoenjoyseatingfishandchips.D.Agirlwhopreferstohavecakesforlunch.38.Whichrestaurantwillyourecommendtoyourfriendifhelovesfoodaswellasmusic?A.FastBestorYourBritishCaff. B.MusicalChairsorCheesyBites.C.CheesyBitesorTheChocolateBox. D.MusicalChairsorYourBritishCaff.\239.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.YoucanonlyeatcheeseinCheesyBites. B.MusicalChairisarestaurantwithalonghistory.C.ThecooksofATasteofTuscanyareallfromItaly.D.Theownerofthechocolateboxcanmakenothingbutcakes.40.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthesepassages?A.Inafashionmagazine B.Onaschoolnewspaper.C.Inanon-linecityguide. D.Inanon-lineticketcenter.第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Sleepislikefoodforthebrain.____41____However,manyChinesedonotsleepwell,andmanydonotpayenoughattentiontosleep.Accordingtothe2016ChinaSleepQualityIndex(指数),nearlyaquarterofChinesepeopledon’tsleepwell.____42____YeJingying,asleepexpertatBeijingTongrenHospital,says,“Ifpeopleoftenwakeupduringthenight,oralwaysfeelweakandtiredintheday,theyshouldpayattentiontotheirsleeppattern(模式）。”ManypeopleplaywiththeircellphonesoriPadsbeforesleeping.____43____Otherreasonsincludestressandbadmoods.____44____Aboveall,getenoughsleep.Seventoninehoursofsleepeverynightisperfectforanadult,andeighttoninehoursisbestforateenager.Forminggoodsleephabitsisimportant.Thereportsuggestedthatpeopleneedtokeepawayfromdigitaldevices(数码产品）foratleastanhourbeforesleep.____45____Othersuggestionsinclude:trytogotosleepandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekendsandduringholidays,anddothesamerelaxingthingsbeforebedeachnight,likelisteningtosoftmusic.A.Halfsaidthattheyfeeltiredaftergettingupand15percentpeoplehavetroublefallingasleep.B.Howtosleepwell?C.Enoughsleephelpsthebodyandbraingrowanddevelop.D.Thelightskeeptheirbrainsexcitedforalongwhile.E.Thereportsaidthatthisisoneofthemainreasonsforbadsleep.四、写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题，每小题0.5分，满分5分）根据下列句子意思及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写整单词。（每空只写一词）DearPeter,Howareyou?I46.h_________fromyoulastweek.Accordingtooursurvey,fightsatschoolsometimesreallyhappen.Buthowcanyou47.s_________awayfromafight?Here’ssomethingyoucando.Becalm.48.T_________sometimessomebody49.d_________yousomadthatyoureallywanttoteachhimalesson,beingangrycan’tsolveproblems.Neithercanafight.Therearenowinnersinafight.Shoutloudly.Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntowardthepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay“stop”beforewalkingaway.Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.Ifthepersondoesn’tstop,it’sreally50.n_________tocryforhelpbycallingoutthenameofateacherwhoseofficeisnearby.Learntorefuse.Sometimesyourfriendis51.a_________enoughtoaskyoutojoininafight.I52.s_________youshouldlearntosaynointhis53.s_________oryouwill54.r_________itlater,becauseeveryoneinvolvedinafightwillbepunished,nomatterwhostartedit.Ifyoureallywanttogivehimahand,trytoaskhimtogiveitup.Also,youcantellhimhemaygethurtandbepunishedinafight.In55.g_________,youshouldtrytohelphimfindawaytodealwiththeproblems.Hopemyadvicecanhelpyou!Bestwishes,AuntLinda第二节完成句子（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子