专题1.Unit1ScienceandScientists第一讲ReadingandThinking（学生版）

第一讲ReadingandThinking目标导航jing目标导航jing重点词汇n．霍乱2．n.腹泻3．n.脱水4．n.微生物；细菌；病菌5．n.流行病学6．n.显微镜7．adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的8．n.证据；证明；检验9．vt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象10．vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责n.责备；指责11．n.把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)12．adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的13．n．[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学14．vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变词汇拓展1．severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→adv.严重地；严厉地；严格地2．frustratedadj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→n．挫败；沮丧3．infectionn．感染；传染→vt.使感染；传染→adj.感染的；(疾病)传染性的；(病人)有传染性的→adj.带菌的；感染病菌的4．subscribevi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→n．订阅(费)；用户费5．multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的→v．乘；(使)大大增加；繁殖6．interventionn．介入；出面；干涉→vi.介入；干预7．pureadj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→vt.使纯净；净化→adv.完全地；仅仅重点词组1．最终地；彻底地2．同意；赞同3．幸亏；由于4．经过一段时间之后；迟早5．照顾；护理6．总的说来；从总体上看7．很可能做某事8．死于；因……而死9．因此，由于；作为……的结果10．开始做事；开始认真考虑某事重点句型1.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamebecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.(教材P2)作为一名年轻的医生，约翰·斯诺变得沮丧，因为没有人知道如何防治霍乱。2.Snowthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.(教材P2)斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题。3.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,waterpaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantial.(教材P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售纯净水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减少。4.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,theworkofJohnSnow.(教材P3)幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道如何预防霍乱了。5.Thiswaswhenyoushouldhavecalmeddownanddoingsomesolidwork.(教材P5)这时候你本应该冷静下来，开始做一些扎实的工作。知识点睛jing知识点睛jing原文呈现JOHNSNOWDEFEATS①“KINGCHOLERA②【1】【1】本篇文章的标题JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”使用一般现在时表明这是个客观事实，不容置疑。Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor，JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovere.Thisillnesscausessevere③diarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Intheearly19thcentury,whenanoutbreakof④cholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustrated⑤becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime⑥，herose⑦tobeeafamousdoctor，andevenattendedto⑧QueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth⑨.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall⑩.Ingeneral⑪，doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictory⑫theoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfection⑬fromgerms⑭infoodorwater.Snowsubscribedto⑮thesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof⑯.Consequently⑰，whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays【2】．Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.【2】这是一个复合句，thatintwo...tendays为宾语从句。该从句中的“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived【3】．Thereweremultiple⑱deaths⑲nearthewaterpump⑳inBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40)．However,somehouseholdseq\o(○,\s\up3(21))(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedeq\o(○,\s\up3(22))thatthewaterpumpwastoblameeq\o(○,\s\up3(23)).Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday【4】．Asaresultofthisevidence，JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordinglyeq\o(○,\s\up3(24)),hehadthehandleeq\o(○,\s\up3(25))ofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused【5】．Throughthisinterventioneq\o(○,\s\up3(26)),thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.【3】画线部分中的where和who都引导定语从句，分别修饰先行词places和those。【4】Itseemsthat...表示“似乎……，看起来……”；haditdelivered...everyday属于“havesthdone”结构，该结构可表示“请/派别人做某事”。【5】sothat在此引导目的状语从句。ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkeq\o(○,\s\up3(27))betweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwaterpaniesinLondon.SomepaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedbyraweq\o(○,\s\up3(28))waste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogeteq\o(○,\s\up3(29))cholerathanthosewhodrankpureeq\o(○,\s\up3(30))orboiledwater.ThroughSnow’stirelesseffortseq\o(○,\s\up3(31)),waterpaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecreaseeq\o(○,\s\up3(32)).However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstoeq\o(○,\s\up3(33))theworkofJohnSnow.Moreovereq\o(○,\s\up3(34)),inhisuseofmapsandstatistics，Snowtransformedeq\o(○,\s\up3(35))thewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.,课文译文约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到英国医生约翰·斯诺(向人们)展示了如何能战胜它(它才不那么可怕)。这种疾病会导致严重的腹泻、脱水，甚至死亡。19世纪初，欧洲发生霍乱，数百万人死于这种疾病。作为一名年轻的医生，约翰·斯诺变得沮丧，因为没人知道如何预防和治疗霍乱。后来，他成了名医，甚至在维多利亚女王分娩时还照料她。但他从未放弃彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。总的来说，当时的医生对霍乱的传播的解释有两种相互矛盾的理论。一种理论是这种疾病是由糟糕的空气导致的。另一种理论是霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。斯诺赞同第二种理论。这是对的．但他仍然需要证据。因此，1854年伦敦发生霍乱后，斯诺开始调查。他发现，在两条特别的街道上，霍乱疫情非常严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。他下定决心要找出原因。斯诺首先在地图上标出了所有死者曾经生活的精确地点。许多死亡病例是在宽街水泵附近(尤其是16号、37号、38号和40号房屋)。然而，一些家庭(如宽街20号和21号，剑桥街8号和9号)却没有人死亡。这些人在剑桥街7号的酒吧工作。他们得到了免费的啤酒，所以没有饮用水泵里的水。斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题。更重要的是，在伦敦的另一个地方，一位妇女和她的女儿从宽街搬走后也因霍乱而死。这个女人似乎非常喜欢(饮用)水泵里的水，因此她每天都让人把水送到她家。基于这个证据，约翰·斯诺得以宣布水泵中的水携带了霍乱病菌。因此，他把水泵的手柄拆除了，这样水泵就不能用了。通过这种干预，霍乱才中断了。事实上，宽街水泵的水已被废物污染了。此外，斯诺后来能够指出其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。一些公司出售泰晤士河的水，而河水被未经处理的废物污染了。喝这种水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更易得霍乱。通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售纯净水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减少。然而，霍乱仍然是一个问题。每年，世界各地有数百万人感染霍乱，许多人因霍乱丧生。幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道如何预防霍乱了。此外，斯诺利用地图和统计学改变了科学家研究疾病的方法。因此，斯诺被认为是现代流行病学之父。知识解析一.frustratedadj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.(教材P2)作为一名年轻的医生，约翰·斯诺变得沮丧，因为没有人知道如何防治霍乱。【精讲】feelfrustratedat/with对……感到沮丧/懊恼frustratevt.使懊丧；使懊恼；挫败；阻止；防止frustratingadj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的(常形容事物)frustrationn．[U]懊丧；沮丧[C，usuallypl.]令人懊丧(或懊恼、沮丧)的事物①Theyfeltfrustratedthelackofprogress.没有进展，他们感到沮丧。②Thehunterfeltveryashehadn’tcaughtanyanimals.猎人感到很沮丧，因为他没有捕捉到任何动物。③Everyjobhasitsdifficultiesand(frustrate)．每份工作都有其困难和令人懊恼之处。[语境串记]Whatfrustratedmemostwasthefrustratingnewsaboutthefootballmatch,whoseresultmadeeveryoneherefrustrated.最让我沮丧的是这个令人沮丧的关于足球比赛的消息，比赛结果使这里的每个人都很沮丧。二.suspectvt.&vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.(教材P2)斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题。【精讲】(1)suspectthat...怀疑/认为……(尤指坏事可能属实或发生)suspectsbtobe...怀疑某人是……suspectsbof(doing)sth怀疑某人(做过)某事(2)amurdersuspect杀人嫌疑犯themain/primesuspect首要嫌疑人①Thepolicesuspectedhimof(tell)alieabouthismovementslastnight.警方怀疑他关于昨晚的行踪说了谎。②IfthemotherhasaorconfirmedCOVID－19case,breastfeedingshouldbestoppedandsheshouldbeseparatedfromthebaby.如果母亲疑似或被确诊感染新型冠状病毒肺炎，则应中止母乳喂养，母亲应与婴儿隔离。[名师提醒]有些单词词性不同，发音不同。作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后，即“名前动后”。三.blamevt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责(教材P2)【精讲】(1)blamesbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事责备某人blamesthon...把某事归咎于……betoblame(forsth)(对某事)负有责任(2)taketheblamefor对……承担责任put/lay/placetheblameforsthon...把某事归咎于……Ifthathappens，thecoachwilltaketheblameforit.如果发生那样的事，教练将对此承担责任。[语境串记]Heisblamedforthebigmistake,butheblameditonothers.Infact,itishe,notothers,thatistoblameforit.他因这次严重的错误受到了责备，但他把它归咎于别人。事实上，应该是他，而不是别人，对此负责。四.handlen．把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.(教材P2)因此，他把水泵的手柄拆除了，这样水泵就不能用了。[一词多义]写出下列句中handle的词性及含义【精讲】①Slowlyhestooped(弯腰)down,graspedthehandlesonbothsidesofthebox,andgatheredallhisstrengthtoliftit.n.把手②Butwhenhefinallyreachedher,thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions：“Whoareyou？Whatantiqueshop？”However,whenshehungup,sheregrettedthewayshehadhandledthecall.vt.处理③Iwasn’tsureifIcouldhandlesuchapowerfulcar.vt.操纵④Thelabelontheboxsaid：“Fragile.Handlewithcare.”vt.搬动五.linkn．联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联；挽住Moreover,SnowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwaterpaniesinLondon.(教材P3)此外，斯诺后来能够指出其他霍乱病例与伦敦不同供水公司之间的联系。【精讲】(1)link...to/with...把……与……连接/联系起来belinkedto/with与……有联系/关系(2)alinkbetween...and...……与……之间的关系/联系arail/road/telephonelink铁路/公路/线①Thenewly－builtsubwaywilllinktheairportthecitycentre.新建的地铁将把机场和市中心连接起来。②Yellowisgenerallylinkedconfidence,self－respectandfriendliness.黄色一般与自信、自尊和友好联系在一起。③Inmyopinion,thereisaclosebetweenteachersandstudents.在我看来，师生之间有着密切的关系。六.decreasen．减少；降低；减少量ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,waterpaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.(教材P3)经过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售纯净水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大量减少。【精讲】(1)decrease(from...)to(从……)减少到……(表示减少后的量)decreaseby减少了……(表示减少的量)decreasein在……方面减少(2)adecreasein...……的减少onthedecrease在减少①Thisspeciesofbirdisinnumbereveryyear.这种鸟的种类在逐年减少。②Thepriceofwheathasdecreased5%。小麦价格降低了5%。③Therehasbeentrafficaccidents.交通事故减少了。④Thechargefortransportationisthedecreasebecauseoflowerfuelcosts.由于更低的燃料成本，运输费用在降低。[链接写作]补全句子⑤Thenewlawhaseintoeffect,andthenumberofwildanimalshereisincreasing/ontheincreasenow.新的法律已经生效，这里的野生动物的数量正在增加。七.subscribeto同意；赞同；订购；捐款Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.(教材P2)斯诺赞同第二种理论。【精讲】[一词多义]写出下列句中subscribeto的含义①Weprefertosubscribetoanalternativeexplanation.赞同②Subscribetothemagazinefortwelvemonthsandyouwillreceiveafreelimited－editionT－shirt.订阅③HeisoneofthemillionswhosubscribetotheNSPCC.捐款八.thanksto幸亏；由于Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.(教材P3)幸运的是，由于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道如何预防霍乱了。【精讲】表示“由于；因为”的其他常用短语becauseof因为；由于(常作状语)owingto由于；因为(作状语或表语)asaresultof作为……的结果；由于(作状语)dueto因为；由于(作状语或表语)onaccountof由于；因为(作状语或表语)①Hisfailureisthefactthathelacksexperience.他的失败是由于缺少经验。②Thetrainarrivedlateaheavysnow.火车因为大雪晚点了。③Hewasinjuredacaraccident.他因为车祸受伤了。九.getdownto开始干，着手做Thiswaswhenyoushouldhavecalmeddownandgotdowntodoingsomesolidwork.(教材P5)这时候你本应该冷静下来，开始做一些扎实的工作。【精讲】getacross(to)(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚getaround/round(消息等)传开getover越过(墙等)，克服(困难、偏见等)getthrough(使)通过，()接通，办完①TheinformationontheInternetgetsmuchmorerapidlythanthatinthenewspaper.网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播得要快得多。②Iamsurehewillgethisillness.我相信他一定会战胜疾病的。③Howlongwillittakeustogetthecustoms?通过海关检查要花费我们多长时间？[名师提醒]表示“开始做某事”的结构还有：begin/starttodo/doingsth,setaboutdoingsth,setouttodosth等。[链接写作]补全句子④I’mgoingtogetdowntostudyingEnglishthisterm.这学期我要开始学英语了。十.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.(教材P2)他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱疫情非常严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。【精讲】(1)so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，此结构中so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词。其结构为：so＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.＋that...,adj.＋a（n）＋单数可数名词＋that...,many/few/much/little（少）...＋n.＋that...))(2)such...that作“如此……以至于”，连接一个表示结果的状语从句时，与so...that意思相同，但用法不同。such后边要跟名词(这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)，such...that的句型结构可分以下三种：①such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...②such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...③such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that...①Thisissuchaninterestingbookthatweallenjoyreadingit.→Thisisweallenjoyreadingit.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。②Hehadtodohewasbusyalldaylong.他要做的事情太多，以至于整天忙个不停。2.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshetoherhouseeveryday.(教材P2)这个女人似乎非常喜欢(饮用)水泵里的水，因此她每天都让人把水送到她家。havesthdone结构中过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的含义，此结构有时也可以用getsthdone来替换；其常用三种含义如下：(1)表示“让某人做某事”(2)表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”(3)表示“做完某事(主语可能参与其中)”①Imusttoday.我今天一定要找人修我的自行车。②Hewhenplayingfootball.他踢足球时把腿弄断了。[链接写作]补全句子③Hehadhisputerrepairedlastweekend.上周末他让人修理了他的电脑。分层练习分层练习题组A基础过关练一.根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词1．Whatwasitthatmadeher(改变)fromanordinarywomanintoasuccessfullady?2．Ididn’tknowhowto(应对)thesituation,butanideasuddenlystruckmethatIcouldturntomybestfriendforhelp.3．Whattheymaynotknowisthatsomebottledwatermaynotbeas(干净的)astheyexpect.4．Householdbehaviouractuallycanmakea(重大的)difference,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,accordingtoresearchersfromMichiganStateUniversityandVanderbiltUniversity.5．Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthat(多种多样的)changestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.6．Accordingtothelatestrule,peopleshallsort(家庭)garbageintofourcategories.7．Thedestructionoftheearthquakewassothatitmighttakeyearstorebuildthecity.8．Ikeepgettingadvice—somepeopletellmetokeepitwarmandsometellmetoputiceonit.9．SincetheoftheNovelcoronavirusdisease,theChinesehavebeenmakingall－outeffortstobattleagainstit.10．Researchersclaimtohavefoundthethatgettingaregulareight－hoursleepeverynightmakesarealdifferencetoourhealth.二.单句语法填空1．Heisinghere(pure)becausehewantstoparticipateinthefootballchampionshipsagain.2．Thepolicesuspectedhimhavingapartinthejewelrobbery.3．Thevaccineisdevelopedtoprotectthewholepopulationagainst(infect)ofCOVID－19.4．ItwasreportedthatGermanyhadtakenalotofmeasurestoslowtherateofinfection,includingclosinghairandbeautystudios.Othernon－essentialshops(shut)already.5．Ifeelitisbothofyouwhoare(blame)forthespoiledchild.6．Thenewstudentissincerethatallclassmateswanttomakefriendswithher.7．seemedthatthesealiondidn’tmindbeingwiththetouristsatall.8．WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurantfeelingvery(frustrate)becausenocustomershadetohisrestauranteversincehegotupinthemorning.9．Thewaythathedidthingswas(contradiction)towhathehadsaidearlierthisweek.10．Your(subscribe)willbeautomaticallyrenewedeachmonthwithoutnoticeuntilyoucancelit.三.选词填空subscribeto,diefrom,attendto,onceandforall,ingeneral，forthisreason,thanksto,asaresultof,whatismore,findout,intime1．WhentheoutbreakofCOVID－19hittheworld,tensofthousandsofpeoplethedisease.2．Inthosedaysdoctorshadtwocontradictorytheories.Snowthesecondtheory.3．Hewasdeterminedtothetruthofthisincident.4．,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.5．,herosetobeeafamousdoctor,andevenQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.6．However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholera．7．,physicsisonlyonescienceamongmany.8．thisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.9．theChinesepeople’sunitedandarduousefforts,thesituationinChinaisgettingbetter.10．,Snowisconsideredthefatherofmodernepidemiology.四．.补全句子1．Notmanypeoplemoneycanbringhappiness.并不是很多人赞同金钱能带来幸福的观点。2．Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasbornandraiseherfamily.凯西在儿子出生时就辞掉了工作，以便能留在家里养家。3．mostofthestudentswenttosleep.这堂课如此无聊以至于大多数学生都睡着了。4．theyknowwhatthey’redoing.看来，他们知道自己在干什么。题组B能力提升练一.课文语法填空Intheearly19thcentury,anoutbreakofcholerahitEurope,1.(cause)millionsofdeaths.Seeingthis,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Atthattime,doctors2.(have)twotheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onewasthatbadaircausedthediseaseandanotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.JohnSnowdiscoveredthatintwoparticularstreets3.choleraoutbreakwassoseverethatover500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Through4.(he)seriousinvestigation,hefounditwasthepumpwaterinBroadStreetcontaininggerms5.resultedintheoutbreakofcholera.Therefore,hehadthehandleofthepump6.(remove)sothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.ItturnedoutthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump7.(infect)bywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalink8.othercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwater9.(pany)inLondon.ThroughSnow’stirelessefforts,waterpaniesbegantosellcleanwater,andthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.10.(fortunate),wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.二.语法填空NooneissurehowmanyAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupscalledbookclubs.Yet1.(publisher)andbookstoresreportthatmoreandmorepeoplethroughouttheUnitedStatesarejoining2.(they)．Mostoftheclubsworkthesameway.Membersreadthesamebookatthesametime.Thentheymeettotalkaboutthebook.Membersmaybefriendsorpeople3.liveneareachother.SomeAmericansbelongtoreadinggroupson4.Internet.Thesegroupsincludepeoplearoundtheworldwhomunicateaboutbookstheyread.Theysendelectronicmailsinsteadofgathering5.(discuss)books.Mostreadinggroupsstudybooksby6.(variety)writers.However，somegroupsreadtheworkofasinglewriter，7.(usual)onethathasbeenfamousforawhile.Othergroupsmay8.(name)afteranimportantpersonintheworkofthewriter，9.aSherlockHolmesClub.Membersofthesebookclubsoftenareexpertsabouttheir10.(choose)readingmaterials.OnememberofaHolmesreadinggroup，forexample，canidentifyalmosteverypersonineverySherlockHolmesstory.题组C培优拔尖练WhataScientistIsLikeIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldetoyourmind?Themonideathatmostkidsfromkindergartenthroughcollegehaveofascientistisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andseveralglasscupsofmysteriouscolourfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI’vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylaboratoryandintoCostaRica.Itsupportsahugeamountofwildlifeduetoitsg