英语专业八级作文范文

英语专业八级作文范文第一篇英语专业八级作文范文第一篇Peoplesideasaboutdonatingbloodvaryfrompersontopeoplethinkthatitisglorioustodonateblood.Theyholdthisopinionbecausethosewhoareinurgentneedofbloodcanbe，othersholdthatitisfoolishforpeopletodonatetheiropinion，bloodisverypreciousandlosing200mlormoremaydoharmtotheirhealth.

Astome,Iaminfavorofthefirstfollowingarethereasonsformy，whileitistruethatthelossoftoomuchbloodisdangeroustooneshealth，itdoesnotmeanthatdonatingalittlebloodisalsothecontrary，doctorssaythatdonatingalittlebloodcanpromote，therearemanypeoplewhoneedourhelp.Ifmylittledonationofbloodcanpullbacksomebodyonthewaytodeath，willtherebeanythingthatcanmakemehappier?

Inaword,donatingbloodisglorious.

英语专业八级作文范文第二篇Laozihaoisnotonlythecommercialphenomenon,butalsothehistoryinminiature.Itispopularforitsuniqueartsandcrafts.However,someoftheseenterpriseshavebecomeoutdatedorareoperatinginredduetoarigidconventionalthinking,loosemanagementorhavedifferentopinionsaboutwhethertheLaozihaoshouldbepreservedornot.AsfarasI’mconcerned,thecriticalpointisnotonlytoremainbutalsotopreserveanddeveloptheLaozihao.Laozihaoisimportanttothetraditionalcultureandthenationalcommerce.Asatime-honoredbrand,Laozihaoenjoystheextensivereputationinthesociety.Itisofgoldenopinion,andcarriesthetrustofthecustomers.Moreover,itistheprecisenon-materialculturalheritage.ThecitywithoutLaozihaowilllosetheuniquesceneasafamoushistoriccity.

Inthemarket-orientedeconomicsociety,LaozihaosatisfiestheemotionalneedofpeopleforthenationalitcannotbedeniedthatnowLaozihaoarepayingtheirway.Affectedbythemarket-orientedeconomy,Laozihaoaretakingtheshineoff.Theout-datedconcepts,old-fashionedproductsandbackwardmanagementareallthefactorsforthefallofLaozihao.Asforthefact,weshouldnotonlyremaintheLaozihao,butalsohavetopreserveanddevelopit.

First,thesupportsystemofLaozihaoshouldbebuiltup.Theadvancedtechnology,automaticintellectualpropertyrightsandmodernorganizationarekeypointsinthedevelopmentofLaozihao.Onthebasisofkeepingitstraditionalfeatures,itshouldworkoutnewproducts,whicharemoresuitableforthemodernsociety,soastoextendthemarketshare.Second,Laozihaoshouldhavethepriorityinthepolicyandfinance.Itisthemostimportantembodimentofahistoriccity.SoIntheurbanplanning,theoriginallocationshouldbepreserved.Andthegovernmentwouldfinancethemtoimprovetheirtechnologyandequipments.Third,itissuggestedthatLaozihaoshouldbepreservedastheintangibleassetsofthecountry.Inthisway,Laozihaowilldogoodtotheculturallandscapeaswellasdevelopitsowncommercialfunction.

Inconclusion,Laozihaoisthecarrierofthetraditionalcultureandarts.It’sasymbolofthenationalhistory.Weshouldpreserveitanduseeffectivewaystodevelopit.Itisnotonlythedemandofthemarket,butalsotherequirementoftheculture.

英语专业八级作文范文第三篇Somepeoplearecommittedtotheirdreamsandworkhardtoachievetheirgoals．Whatisguidingthemisakindofillusion．Somepeoplethinkthatillusionisgoodforsuccesswhileothersarguethatitisnotsogoodbecauseitmaygetpeopleunrealistic．AsfarasIamconcerned，illusionisnecessaryinourlifeonlyifitisencouragingandrealistic．

Thereareseveralreasons．Firstofall，thereispowerinillusion．Theillusioncanleadpeopletothepaththeywanttogoonanditgivesuspassion．Weneedtoliveeachmomentwholeheartedly，withalloursensessothatwecanfindpleasureinthefragranceofbackyardgarden，thecrayonedpictureofasix－year－old，andtheenchantingbeautyofarainbow．Theillusioncanbeenthusiasticloveoflifethatputssparkleinoureyes，aliltinourstepsandsmoothesthewrinklesfromoursouls．

Secondly，wearebornwithwide－eyed，enthusiasticwonderasanyoneknowswhohaseverseenaninfant’sdelightatthejingleofkeysorthescurryingofabeetle．Itisthischildlikewonderandillusionthatgivesenthusiasticpeoplesuchayouthfulair，nomatterhowoldtheyare．Forexample，thefamouscellistPabloCasalswouldstarthisdaybyplayingBach.Music，forhim，wasanelixirthatmadelifeanever－endingadventure．AsauthorandpoetSamueloncewrote，“Yearswrinkletheskin，buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.”

Lastly，peoplewithillusionsalsolovewhattheydo，regardlessofmoneyorpowerortitle．Ifwecannotdowhatweloveasafull－timecareer，wecanasdoapart－timevocation，liketheheadofstatewhopaints，thenunwhorunsmarathonsandtheexecutivewhohandcraftsfurniture．Wecannotaffordtowastetearsandenergyandtimeon“might－have－beens”．Weneedtoturnthetearsintosweataswegoafter“what－can－be”．

Tosumup，Godgiveseachbirditsfood，buthedoesnotthrowitintoitsnest．Whereveryouwanttogo，justcherishyourpreciousillusionandletyourdreamberealized．

英语专业八级作文范文第四篇Nowadays,foodhasbeeeasiertoprepare.Hasthischangeimprovedthewaypeoplelive?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.

Thetwentiethcenturyhasbroughtwithitmanyadvances.Withthoseadvances,humanliveshavechangeddramatically.Insomewayslifeisworse,butmostlyitisbetter.Changesinfoodpreparationmethods,forexample,haveimprovedourlivesgreatly.

Theconvenienceofpreparingfoodtodayisamazing.Evenstoveshavegottentooslowforus.Microwavecookingismucheasier.Wecanpressafewbuttonsandamealispletelycookedinjustashorttime.Peopleusedtospendhourspreparinganoven-cookedmeal,andnowtheycanusethattimeforother,betterthings.Plus,thereareallkindsofportable,prepackagedfoodswecanbuy.Heatthemintheofficemicrowave,andlunchatworkisquickandeasy.

Foodpreparationtodayallowsformorevariety.Withrefrigeratorsandfreezers,wecanpreservealotofdifferentfoodsinourhomes.Sincetechnologymakescookingsomuchfaster,peoplearewillingtomakeseveraldishesforevenasmallmeal.Parentsaremorelikelytoletchildrenbepicky,nowthattheycaneasilyheatthemupsomeprepackagedmacaroniandcheeseontheside.Needlesstosay,adultslivinginthesamehousemayhaveverydifferenteatinghabitsaswell.Iftheydon’twanttocookalotofdifferentdishes,it’smonnowtoeatoutatrestaurantsseveraltimesaweek.

Healthfuleatingisalsoeasierthanevernow.Whenpeoplecook,theyusenewfatsubstitutesandcookingspraystocutfatandcalories.Thisreducestheriskofheartdiseaseandhighcholesterol.Additionally,wecanbuyfruitsandvegetablefresh,frozenorcanned.Theyareeasytoprepare,somanyofuseatmoreofthosenutritiousitemsdaily.Ahundredyearsago,youcouldn’timaginetheprocessoftakingsomefrozenfruitandicefromthefreezer,addingsomelow-fatyogurtfromaplasticcupandsomejuicefromacanintherefrigerator,andwhippingupalow-fatsmoothieintheblender!

Ourlifestyleisfast,butpeoplestilllikegoodfood.Whatnewfoodpreparationtechnologyhasgivenusismorechoices.Today,wecanpreparefoodthatismoreconvenient,healthier,andofgreatervarietythaneverbeforeinhistory.

英语专业八级作文范文第五篇NuclearTechnology:BenecialorDisastrous?

Onequestionthathascausedagreatdealofcontroversyovertheyearsisnucleartechnology.Althoughitoffersanumberofadvantagesinworldpeaceandgreenpower,itisalsoadangeroustechnology.Nuclearweaponsposethegreatestthreattolife.Eventheuseofnucleartechnologyforpeacefulpurposesalsocarriessomeseriousrisks.Inthisessay,however,Iintendtoshowhowthebenetsofsuchtechnologycounterbalanceitsdisadvantages.

Theopponentsofnuclearpowergenerallybasetheirargumentsonthedangeritpresentstotheworld.Therearetwomaindangers:theriskofnuclearwarfareandthenucleardisasters.ThedangerofnuclearwarisobviousandifonethinksaboutChernobyl,itiseasytounderstandwhypeopleareworriedaboutnuclearpower,asitcancausemajorsuffering.

Thereare,however,goodreasonsforbelievingthatnucleartechnologyisgenerallyadvantageous.Thefirstoftheseisthattherehasnotbeenamajorworldconflictsincetheinventionofnuclearweapons.Althoughnuclearweaponshaveenlargedthemechanismofwarbythreateningtokillmorepeoplemoresecretlyandmorehorriblythanthoseofthepast,itisgenerallyagreedthatsuchweaponsshouldbethelastthingtobethoughtofasameanstowinawarbecausetherewouldbenowinnerinanynuclearconflict.Ifanythinggoeswrong,thescaleofdestructiononhumanlivesandcivilizationisbeyondimagination.ThenightmareofHiroshimaisavividmemory,sonuclearweaponshiddeninstocksomewhereservetomaintainworldpeacebytheoryofcounter-attack.

Theothermostsignificantbenefitrelatestotheenvironment.Perhapsthegreatestdangerfacingourworldtodayisacombinationofglobalwarmingandthegreenhouseeffect.Thisdangeriscausedpartlybyburningfossilfuel,whichleadstoourpollutedatmosphere.Nuclearpower,however,isamuchgreeneralternativewhichdoesnothavesuchnegativeeffects.

Alreadypowerplantshavebeeninoperationinanumberofcountries.Thesearesuccessfulexamplestobefollowed.Allinall,althoughitistruethatnuclearweaponsposethegreatestthreattolife,theuseofnucleartechnologyforpeacefulpurposesisreallybenecial.Inallappearances,thefearofwarisovercomebytheneedforeconomicdevelopment.

英语专业八级作文范文第六篇Whenwegoonabusinesstrip，wewillbefacedwiththechoicebetweentravelingbytrainorbymakingtherightchoice，wehadbettermakeaclosecomparisonandcontrastofthem.

Firstofall，atrainwilltakeustoourtargetrailway，aplanewilltakeustothetarget，inatrainwecanenjoythebeautifulsceneryofthe，inaplanewecancommandagoodviewoffields，buildings，mountainsandevencloudstheirsimilarities，travelingbytrainorbyplanearealsodifferentinthefollowing，atrainticketislessofuscanafford，aplaneticketisabouttwiceasexpensiveasatrainofusgrudgepayingfor，itissafertotravelbythetraingetsintotrouble，wemaysurvivebyjumpingoutofthecontrary，ifwetravelbyplane，wehavetoaskGodtobless，ittakesuslongertimetotravelbytrainthanbyplane.

Therefore，itdependswhichtransportationtoolweshouldwejustwanttosavemoney，wewilltravelbytrain;butifwewanttosavetime，weshouldturntotheplane.

英语专业八级作文范文第七篇WhatKindOfLifeToLive-RealisticOrRomantic?

Therehasalwaysbeenanargumentbetweentheyoungandtheoldaboutwhatkindoflifetolive-realisticorromantic.Youngpeopletendtothinkrealthinkthatreallofeisasdramaticandfascimatingasitisinthenovelsandmovieswhilemoreexperienedadultsthinkthisna?vedaydreamiscertaintobebrokenbylaterexperiencesandeveryoneshouldlearntogetusedtothedullroutineofhiseverydylife.

However,therearesomeinadequaciesintheopinionsonthepartofbothsides.Lifewillbeunimaginableifeverythingwedoisonlyforrealisticpurpose,andthesameistrueifwhatwedoeverydayisjusttoenjoyourselves.Soit’snotdifficultforustoseethatneitherwaycanensureahappylife.

Inmyopinion,arealhappylifecanneverbeseparatedfromeitherofthetwoways.Ontheonehand,let’senjoylife-enjoytheexcitementofsports.Ontheother,let’snotforgetourwork.Happylifecannevergowithouthardwork.

英语专业八级作文范文第八篇AFactoryneartheNeighborhood

Havingafactorynearwhereonelivesbringswithitbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Anobviousadvantageisanincreaseinthenumberofavailablejobs,andmanypeopleinthecommunitymightfindemploymentinthenewfactory.Thefactorywouldbringmoneyintothecommunityinotherwaysaswell.Itwouldhavetopaysometaxestothelocalgovernment,andworkersmightgoshoppingoreatatarestaurantintheareabeforeoraftertheirshifts.

However,thefactorywouldbringsomedisadvantages,too.Dependingonwhatkindoffactoryitis,itmightpollutetheenvironmentandbringdownpropertyvalues.Itwouldbesuretoincreasetrafficinthearea,causingcongestionandmakingitunsafeforchildrentoplayoutside.Finally,theneighborhoodwouldbecomeanoisy,busyplace.Forallofthesereasons,Iwouldbeopposedtotheconstructionofanewfactorynearmycommunity.Whiletheemploymentopportunitieswouldhelpthecommunity,Ibelieveitwouldbebetterforresidentstocommutetoworkandpreservethepeaceofourneighborhood.

英语专业八级作文范文第九篇Sometimeago,China’sMinistryofEducationbanneduniversitystudentsfromrentingprivateaccommodationduringtheirstudies.Tothispeople’sattitudesdiffersharply.Whatdoyouthink?Writeanessayofabout400words.

Inthefirstpartofyouressayyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.

Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

Sample

TREATSTUDENTSASADULTS,NOTCHILDREN

Sometimeago,China’sMinistryofEducationbanneduniversitystudentsfromrentingprivateaccommodationduringtheirstudies.Thishasgivenrisetoaheateddiscussion.Somepeople,especiallyschoolmanagementandmostparents,embracesuchaban,whileotherscriticizeitfiercely.Personally,Iamagainsttheban.

First,mostcollegestudentsareadultsandshouldenjoytherighttochoosewheretolive.Inbanningoff-campushousing,theeducationauthoritiesseemtobelievethatcollegestudents,mostaged18-22,shouldbetreatedaschildren,ratherthanadults.Someadministratorsclaimthatstudentslackself-controlandcannotmakeproperdecisionsforthemselves.Thisissurelynotfairtreatmentforsuchabrightyounggeneration.Ifthesestudentsdidn’tattendcolleges,butworkedincompaniesorjoinedthearmy,theywouldbetreatedasadults.

Secondly,privateaccommodationisindeedpreferabletolivingoncampusformanystudents.Itistruethatlivingoncampuspromotesasenseofbelongingbybeingcloselyconnectedwithotherstudents.Thiscouldtrulybeavaluablepartofthefour-yearcollegeeducation.Studentslivingoncampusalsohaveeasieraccesstovastschoolresources,suchaslibraries,computerroomsandvariouseveningseminars.Butcrowdeddormitories,highnoiselevels,earlyelectricitycurfewsandotherstrictcodesalsomakedormslessattractive.Atleastdormsarenottherighthomeforeveryone.Off-campushousing,meanwhile,offersagreaterdegreeoffreedom.Thatisespeciallytrueforself-motivatedstudents,studentsstudyinglateforimportanttestsorworkinglateonacademicprojects.Manystudentslivingoff-campusalsosharerooms.Theyhavetonegotiatecontracts,payutilitiesandprobablycookforthemselves.Allhelppreparestudentstobettermanagetheirstudyandlife.Infactthisalsoconformstomostschools’creedthatstudentsshouldbeintouchwiththerealworldasmuchaspossible.

Oneofthemotivesforthehousingbanisthateducationauthoritieshopethiswillhelppreventstudentsfromcohabitationandhavingsexduringschoolyears.Butsincestudentscannowlegallymarryinschools,whyshouldtheybebannedfromhavingsex?Realitytellsusthatthisiswishfulthinking.Banningsexamongstudentshasbeenandwillbeamissionimpossible.Thisisprobablywhysomeschoolshaveinstalledcondomvendingmachinesoncampusorprovidefreecondomsinschoolclinics,whichtellsstudentstohavesafesex,ratherthannosex.

Tosumup,weshouldtreatstudentsasadultsinsteadofchildren.Thoughtheremightbeproblemsinallowingstudentstoleaveoffcampus,weshouldnotgiveupeatingforfearofchoking,astheChineseidiomsays.Intoday’sdiversifiedworld,schoolsshouldshowrespecttostudentsinmakingtheirownchoices.Afterall,schoolsarenotmilitarybarracksandstudentsarenotsoldiers.

英语专业八级作文范文第十篇Facedwiththequestionwhetheritisworthwhiletospendayearortwovoluntee?ringinwesternChina,manycollegestudentswouldprobablyshaketheirheads,seeingitasawasteofvaluablelearningtime.However,Iwillgiveanaffirmativeanswerwithouthesitation,becausethisexperiencecanapparentlybenefitusinmanyways.

First,itisagreatopportunityforustoapplytheknowledgewehaveacquiredatcollege.Differentfromtemporarypart-timejobs,alongervolunteerworkexperienceistrulyfulfillingandrewarding.AsEnglishmajors,wecanlearntouseandteachthelanguageeffectivelyinrealclasses;aseducationmajors,wecanexperimentwiththosetextbooktheoriesinhelpingmanageaschoolorinstructtheyounger;thosewhostudyengineeringcantakethischancetoturntheirideasandskillsintorunningmachines,newbridgesandbroadroads.Fromthisexperience,wewillbetterunderstandourschoolworkandevenbuildupconsiderableexpertiseinourchosenfields.

Second,wecangainagreatsenseofsatisfactionbymakingcontributionsinanunderdevelopedregion.Rightnow,thewesternChinaissufferingfromboththeshort?ageofresourcesandthatoftalentsinitscourseofdevelopment.Ifwecanstepintotheneededrolesbysimplysacrificingayearortwo,wewillbeabletomakesomediffer?encetothesituationasawhole.Imaginehowproudyouwillbewhentellingyourfami?lyandfriendshowyouhavetaughttheilliteratetoread,andhowyouhavehelpedtochangethelookofabackwardtown.Comparedwiththegreatsenseofprideyoufeel,ayear'stimeisjustasmallpricetopay.

Third，wecanestablishadeepfriendshipwithlocalpeople.Ontheonehand,ifyoutrulyloveandhelpthepeopleyouworkwith,theynaturallyloveandhelpyouback.TakeaseniorIknowforexample,whoservedtwomonthsasateacherinadrynorthwesterntown.Duringtheperiodofwatershortage,bothhisstudentsandtheirparentsvoluntarilykeptwaterforhim,sometimesdespitetheirownneed.Recallinghisdaysthere,hesaidtheywerenoteasybuthecouldnothelpmissingthem.Probablymanyvolunteerswouldfeelthesameashim.Whilewearegivingcare,supportandhelp,weoftengetbackmoreincludingalastingfriendship.

Therefore，IwillreadilysignuptovolunteerinthewesternChinadespitevariouschallengesImaymeet.Thinkofthedifferenceswecanmakethereandthechangesthisexperiencecanmaketous,whynotwalkoutoftheivorytowerandstepontothepromisinglandofourcountry?

英语专业八级作文范文第十一篇Somepeopleliketoeatoutatfoodstandsandrestaurants,whileothersliketopreparefoodathome.Oftenitdependsonthekindoflifestylepeoplehave.Thosewithverybusyjobsoutsidethehousedon’talwayshavetimetocook.Theyliketheconvenienceofeatingout.Overall,though,itischeaperandhealthiertoeatathome.Whileeatinginrestaurantsisfast,themoneyyouspendcanaddup.WhenIhavedinneratrestaurantwithafriend,thebillisusuallyovertwentydollars.Icanbuyalotofgrocerieswiththatmuchmoney.Evenlunchatafast-foodstandusuallycostsfiveorsixdollarsforoneperson.That’senoughtofeedthewholefamilyathome.

Eatingathomeisbetterforyou,too.Mealsatrestaurantsareoftenhighinfatandcalories,andtheyservebigplatesoffood--muchmorefoodthanyouneedtoeatatonemeal.Ifyoucookfoodathome,youhavemorecontrolovertheingredients.Youcanusemargarineinsteadofbutteronyourpotatoes,ornotputsomuchcheeseontopofyourpizza.Athome,youcancontrolyourportionsize.Youcanserveyourselfaslittleasyouwant.Inarestaurant,youmayeatafullplateoffood"becauseyoupaidforit".It’struethateatingoutisconvenient.Youdon’thavetoshop,orcook,orcleanup.Butrealhomecookingdoesn’thavetotakealotoftime.Therearelotsofsimplemealsthatdon’ttakelongtomake.Infact,they’refasterthaneatingout,especiallyifyouthinkofthetimeyouspenddrivingtoarestaurant,parking,waitingforatable,waitingforservice,anddrivinghome.

Botheatingatrestaurantsandcookingathomecanbesatisfying.Bothcantastegoodandbeenjoyedwithfamilyandfriends.Iprefercookingathomebecauseofthemoneyandhealthissues,butpeoplewillmakethechoicethatfitstheirlifestylebest.

英语专业八级作文范文第十二篇Mostofuscanlearnhowtodosomethingsimpleonourownwithjustasetofinstructions.However,tolearnaboutsomethingmorecomplex,it’salwaysbesttohaveateacher.

Teachersbringwiththemvariedandusefulbackgrounds.They’vebeentrainedtoteachindividualsindifferentwaysdependingontheirstyle.Forinstance,omenstudentslearnbetterbydiscussingatopic.Otherslearnmorebywritingaboutit.Teacherscanhelpstudentslearninthewaythat’sbestofeachstudent.Atextbookoramanualcanonlygiveyouonewayoflearningsomething.Plusthey’reonlyashelpfulasyourabilitytounderstandthem.Agoodteachercanadaptherteachingtoyourneeds.

Teachershelpyoufocusonwhatyou’relearning.Ifyou’relearningsomethingbyyourself,it’seasytobecomedistracted,andgoontootheractivities.Teacherskeepyourattentiononthesubject.Theyalsoapproachasubjectlogically,takingitonestepatatime.Onyourown,it’stemptingtoskippartsofthelearningprocessyouthinkyoudon’tneed.Thatcanbinderyourabilitytoreallyunderstandthesubject.

Learningasubjectonyourownisaverynarrowwayoflearning.Youcanonlyusetheinformationyougetfromthetextbook.Withateacher,yougettheinformationinthewrittenmaterialsaswellastheteacher’sownknowledgeofthetopic.Teacherscanalsoprovideextramaterialstobroadenthescopeofwhatyou’relearning.

There’snothingwrongwithstudyingonyourown,andalearnercanalwaysbenefitfromsomequietstudy.Forthebestpossiblelearning,though,agoodteacheristhebiggesthelpyoucanhave.

英语专业八级作文范文第十三篇TheRoleofLuckinSuccess

Ithasbeensaidthatwhenpeoplesucceed,itisbecauseofhardworkandthatluckhasnothingtodowithsuccess.AlthoughIbelievethathardworkisveryimportantandisthesurestwaytosuccessformostpeople,Imustdisagreewiththisstatement.Itcannotbedeniedthatluckoftenplaysanimportantroleinsuccess.Forexample,manyimportantdiscoverieshavebeenmadebyaccident.Therehavebeenmanycasesofresearchersandinventorsmakingmajorbreakthroughswhiletheywereactuallytryingtosolveanotherproblemorcreateadifferentdevice.Furthermore,thereissomethingtobesaidforsimplybeingintherightplaceattherighttime-perhapsmeetingsomeonebychancewhocanofferagoodjoborrareopportunity.Andofcourse,therearetherareexamplesofgamblersandlotterywinnerswhobeattheoddsandachievesuddenandunexpectedsuccess.

Whiletheinfluenceofluckcannotbeignored,thisisnottosaythatoneshoulddependonitandignorethevalueofhardwork.Ifoneiswillingtoworkhard,Ibelievethatsuccesswilleventuallybeachieved,withorwithouttheaddedbenefitofluck.Moreover,hardworkisoftenanessentialingredientofluckbecauseitenablesonetotakeadvantageofaluckyencounter.Ifthescientisthasnotworkedhardtodevelophisknowledgeandskills,hemaynot