湖南省长沙市湖南师大附中高三下学期第五次调研考试新高考英语试题及答案解析

湖南省长沙市湖南师大附中高三下学期第五次调研考试新高考英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Don'tgiveuphalfway,andyouwillfindthesceneryismorebeautifulwhenyoureachthedestinationthanwhenyou_______.A．startoff B．havestartedoffC．startedoff D．willstartoff2．Heworksveryhardinordertogethimself______intoakeyuniversity.A．accepted B．received C．announced D．admitted3．IwantedtomajorinEnglishatfirst,butlaterI________mymindandnowIamawriter.A．changedB．havechangedC．wouldchangeD．willchange4．—Hemadeanapologybeblamedwhathehaddone.—It'sreallywiseofhim.A．soastonot;ofB．inordertonot;forC．soasnotto;forD．inordernotto;of5．Bythetimewe________fromourschool,wehavebeenclosefriendsformorethantenyears.A．graduated B．willgraduateC．aregraduating D．graduate6．________toherownwork，shespentlittletimewithherfamilyA．DevotingB．TobedevotedC．DevotedD．Havingdevoted7．—Iwillbeavicepresidentinayearortwo.—Youcan’tbeserious!_______.A．Ican’tmakeitB．Ican’thelpitC．Iwon’ttellasoulD．Iwouldn’tbetonit8．–Let’stakeacoffeebreak,shallwe?–IwishI________,butIhaveareallytightschedule.A．can B．shall C．could D．should9．Itwasconsiderate_____younottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.A．of B．for C．to D．from10．—Youshouldn’thavetreatedmethatway.Myheartisbroken.—I’msorry,Paul.Ididn’tmeanyou.A．hurting B．tohurt C．hurt D．havinghurt11．Nowtheworld’sattention________thestockingmarkets,astheyhavegreatinfluenceontheworld’seconomy.A．isfixingonB．isbeingfixedonC．hasfixedonD．hadbeenfixedon12．Weclimbeduptothetopofahill,___________wegotagoodviewofthewholeforestpark.A．which B．whereC．when D．that13．Thesurveyshowsthatspeedatleast30percentofroadtrafficanddeaths.A．contributestoB．resultsfromC．liesinD．relieson14．—Iforgottoregisterforthecourses.I’monedaylateandmostoftheclassesarefull.WhatshallIdo?—________Youcan’tdoanythingaboutthat.A．Takeyourtime. B．Pooryou!C．Sowhat? D．Noway!15．Inthismoviegoingseason,womenaredrivingticketsalestoadegree,ifever,seenbefore.A．really B．frequentlyC．rarely D．never16．He______itonschedule,butsomehowhefellbehind.A．musthavedone B．mightfinishC．couldhavefinished D．couldfinish17．Therisinghousepriceandthehighincometaxratehavebecomethebiggest______oftheordinarypeopleinChinatoday． A.concern B.influence C.involvement D.occupation18．—Howdiditcomethatyoudamagedyourcarsobadly?—I____intoatreeontheroadsidetheotherday.A．ran B．hadrun C．wasrunning D．run19．—You’veagreedtogo,sowhyaren’tyougettingready?—ButI________thatIwasexpectedtosetoffatonce.A．don’trealizeB．didn’trealizeC．haven’trealizedD．hadn’trealized20．—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'house?—Notreally.She___uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofindit.easily?A．wastogive B．hadgivenC．wasgiving D．wouldgive第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?Thinkagain!Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus(真菌),whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients(养分)toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias(矮牵牛)isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.1、Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?A．Two. B．Three.C．Four. D．Five.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?A．Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants. B．Theinsect’snaturalenemy.C．Thebugattackedbytheenemy. D．Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.3、Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?A．Thesugarsproducedbyitself. B．Itsowngenes.C．Thetimeofsunrise. D．Itsresponsetolight.4、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.B．Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.C．Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.D．Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.22．（8分）OnFebruary6,SpaceX,aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk,hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft,makingittheworld’smostpowerfulrocket.FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA’sSaturnV,whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit-that’salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle,DeltaIVHeavy,”ImperialCollegeastrophysicistDavidClementstoldAIJazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX,FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers,crew,luggageandfuel.TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofearninghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.Foritsfirstvoyage,itcarriedMusk’s$100,000cherry-redTeslasportscarandafakespace-suitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver’sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”.FalconHeavywentintospaceonitslastflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA’sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida,thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertake-off,thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However,Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem,theBFR.Recently,SpaceXscheduledtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA’sTESSmissiononMarch20,2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXisscheduledtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018,atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.1、Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A．A737jet.B．Tesla.C．SaturnV.D．SpaceX.2、WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A．Itwasthelatestrocketintheworld.B．Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C．Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.D．ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.3、WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A．Weathercondition.B．Programerror.C．Equipmentfailure.D．Deliberatedamage.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.B．Thevehicletolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C．TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.D．Falcon9willtake15launchmissions.23．（8分）I’venoticedsomethinghappeningfairlyregularlyamongmydaughterandherfriends.Whenthey’reallsittingaroundaskingeachotherwhichphototheyshouldpostonInstagram,orwhenthey’resendingclothespicturesaroundinagroupchataskingwhichonetheyshouldwear,manyofthegirlswillrespondbychoosingtheworstpictureandtheleastattractiveclothes.Why?Becausethey’reteenagersandenvyiswhattheydo.Everyoneinawhile,though,therewillbeagirlwhospeaksthetruth.Theonewhosays“Yoursmilelooksfalseinthefirstpicture,”or“Thatsecondpairofjeansmakesyourfigurelookextremelyunusual.”Sure,thesemayatfirstseemkindofharsh.ButaccordingtonewresearchpublishedinPsychologicalScience,theyarecomingfromfriendswhotrulycare,theoneswhoaren’tafraidtospeakupandtellitlikeitis.“Wehaveshownthatpeoplecanbecrueltobekind,”explainedleadresearcherBelénLópez-Pérez.“Theymaydecidetomakesomeonefeelworseifthisemotion（感情）isbeneficialforthatotherperson,evenifthisisnotofanypersonalbenefittothem.”Forthestudy,researchersasked140volunteerstoplayaviolentvideogame,andthengiveadvicetoanunknownpartnerwhowasgoingthroughtoughpersonaltimesonwinningthegame.Theresearchersfoundthatvolunteersweremorelikelytodonegative（反射的）iftheyfeltitwasimportantfortheirpartnertowinthegame.Thefindingssuggestthatitwassympathythatledtheparticipantstochooseparticularnegativeemotionalexperiencebecausetheybelieveditwouldeventuallyhelptheirpartnerbesuccessfulinthegame.“Thesefindingshelpedustounderstand,forinstance,whywesometimesmaytrytomakeourlovedonesfeelbadifwethinkthisemotiontobeusefultoachieveagoal,”López-Pérezconcluded.Inotherwords,thetruthmayhurt,butweallneedameanfriendwhoiswillingtogiveittous.1、Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph1?A．Topointoutasocialphenomenon.B．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C．Towarngirlsnottosendpicturesaround.D．Topersuadethegirlstobehavethemselves.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A．Thefriends.B．Thegirls.C．Theclothes.D．Thecomments.3、Howdidthevolunteersadvisetheirpartnertowinthegame?A．Bycheeringthemon.B．Byperformingactsofkindness.C．Bytendingtorespondnegatively.D．Byexpressingdeepsympathyforthem.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WeNeedMeanFriends.B．Neverhurtothers.C．WeMustTryHardtoAchieveGoals.D．NeverPlayViolentVideoGames.24．（8分）Librariesaredoingwellinthedigitaltimes.Herearesomeofthemostawesomeexamples.1.FreiburgUniversityLibrary,GermanyTheoriginallibraryoftheFreiburgUniversitywasrebuiltin2015followingtheprojectofDegeloArchitects.Thenewbuildinghas41,000squaremetersandlookslikeacutdiamond.Inside,thereare1,200workspacesinfourreadingroomsplus500workareas.Thelibraryoffersinthebasementasystemofautomatedcheckoutmachinesand700,000volumesthatcanbeborrowed.2.MicrolibraryatTamanBima,IndonesiaThiswonderfullittlepubliclibraryislocatedinaKampungneighborhoodneartheBandungairport,Indonesia.ThebuildingwasdesignedbytheBandungofficeofSHAUarchitectstudio.Ithas160squaremetersandisbuiltuponapreexistingstagethatwasalreadyusedbythelocalcommunityforeventsandgatherings.TheBimapubliclibraryisthefirstofaseriesofsimilarmicrolibrariesthatareplannedtobebuiltacrossIndonesia.3.PublicLibraryofConstitución,ChileThecityinConstitución,Chile,wasdevastatedby8.8degreesearthquakein2010.Thenewpubliclibrary,designedbySebastianIrarrázaval,isapartoftheinitiativetorebuildthecity.ConstituciónisoneofthebiggestclustersofwoodproductioninChile.Thisheritageisreflectedintheconstructionofthispost-disasterlibrary.It’smadealmostentirelyofwood,andonlythefirewallsaredonewithexposedpouredconcrete.Theinternalareaofthelibraryexceeds350squaremeters.Thebuildingwasopenedin2015,fiveyearsaftertheearthquake.4.LiYuanLibrary,ChinaBuiltin2011inasmallvillageoHuairouontheoutskirts（郊区）ofBeijing,thisbeautifulnature-inspiredlibrarywasdesignedbyLiXiaodong.The175-square-meterbuilding’sinteriorisspatiallydiversebyusingstepsandsmalllevelchangestocreatedistinctplaces.Thewoodenstickstemperthebrightlightandspreaditevenlythroughoutthespacetogiveaperfectreadingenvironment.Thelibraryclosesatduskbecausethereisnoelectricityinit.1、Whichofthefollowinglibrariesisthebiggestone?A．LiYuanLibraryB．MicrolibraryatTamanBimaC．FreiburgUniversityLibraryD．PublicLibraryofConstitución2、Ifyouwanttoseealibrarymadeentirelyofwood,youcangoto________.A．ChileB．ChinaC．IndonesiaD．Germany3、WhatisspecialaboutLiYuanLibrary?A．Itopens24hoursaday.B．Ithasnoelectricitysupply.C．ItisthebiggestlibraryinChina.D．Itisdirectlyexposedtothesunlight.25．（10分）Flyingdowna488-meter-longslideprovidesplentyofexcitementformostpeople.Butforthosewholikemoreextremeadventures,Nicaraguaoffersanevenmoreexcitingslideexperience.Thethoughtofracingdownanactivevolcanowithonlyaboardisenoughtogetmostpeoplehotunderthecollar.Butforthrill-seekingsportsfanatics,boardingdowna2,380-foot-highvolcanoatthespeedof80km/histhecoolestsportaround.ThousandsoftravelersareheadingtothefoothillsofNicaragua’sCerroNegrototakepartinthenewsportingcraze(狂热).Surfers,dressedinprotectivejumpsuits,knee-padsandhelmets,receivebriefinstructionsandthentryslidingdownashortslope(斜坡).Afterthat,it’stimefortherealthing.Sittingontheirspecially-constructedboards,surferspushoffandflystraightdowna488-meter-longslope.Theblackvolcanicashprovidesadusty,dirtyride.Butboardersusuallyarriveatthebottomwithsmilesontheirfaces.PhillipSouthan,ownerandmanagerofBigfootHostelandGreenPathwaysTours,said,"Westartedofferingthistripin2005andithasbecomesopopular.Thisisauniquetourasnowhereelseintheworldcanyouboarddownanactivevolcano.""Whatweofferisatourforeveryonewithabsolutelynoexperience.Oneofthegreatestattractionsofthetouristhatyougetabitofeverything.Since2005,morethan10,000peoplehavetraveledtoCerroNegrotogiveitatry.""Whenyouareonthetopyouwillhavetheopportunitytostandnearthecrater(火山口)andseeasmokingvolcano.Butthebiggestriskisthatyouwilltakethechanceofgettingsomescratchesifyoufallover.""Manyyearsofexperiencehastakenthistourtoalevelwhereitissafebutstillfunandforsomepeoplealittlefrightening.Wearealwaysworkingonwaystocontinueimprovingitforthefuture."1、WhichwordscanbestdescribetheslideinCerroNegro?A．Securebuttiring. B．Enjoyablebutrisky.C．Popularbutdemanding. D．Worthwhilebutpainful.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"therealthing"inparagraph2referto?A．Slidingdownthevolcanicslope.B．Escapingtheblackvolcanicash.C．Headingtothemountaintopalone.D．Receivingprofessionalslideinstructions3、InwhatwayistheslideinCerroNegrospecial?A．Itisavailabletoeveryone.B．Ithasthelongestslopeworldwide.C．Itisbasedonanactivevolcano.D．Itoffersspecially-constructedboards.4、WhatmakestheslideinCerroNegrorelativelysafeaccordingtoPhillipSouthan?A．High-techsafetyfacilities.B．Knowledgeandskillsfrompractice.C．Advancedtrainingguidanceontheslide.D．Staff’sfamiliaritywiththesurroundings.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）WhenIwasyoung,Ibelongedtoaclubthatdidcommunityservicework.Therewasonespecific36thatwasunusualforme.Ispentthreeorfourhourshandingoutwarmdinnertothehomeless37inthestreets.AfterthatIwenttoahomelessshelternotfarfromtheBayBridge.Iwasinhighschoolandatthetimemysisterwastooyoungto38.Shewantedtohelp,39shemademanychocolatechipcookiesformeto40andhandouttopeople.Whengettingtotheshelter,Ipassedoutthe41.Ibeganmakingsandwichesand42themwiththecrowd.Ihadthecontainerswithmysister’s43inthemandbeganto44around,offeringthemtoanyonenearme.Iapproachedan45gentlemanandsaid,“Sir,wouldyoulikeacookie?”Hestoppedandturnedaround,lookedatmeandsaid,“Whatdidyousay?Didyoucallmesir?”ItoldhimIhad,andhiseyes46alittlebitandsaid,“Noonehas47calledmesir.’Sohewascompletelymoved.It48me.IexplainedIhadbeenraisedthat49colorandsocialstatus,everyonedeservedrespect.It50metothinkthatjustbecausehewashomeless,noone51himthehonor.Itbrokemyheart.Ijustdidn’tunderstand52nooneevercalledhimsir.IhadneverthoughtthatanyonewasbelowmebecauseIwasn’traisedthatway.Every53persondeservestobetreatedwithrespect.Yearslater,Istillcarrythatmemoryandthe54ittaughtme.Sometimes,whatwetakeforgrantedcan55makeadifferenceinsomeone’slife.1、A．case B．chance C．event D．accident2、A．out B．far C．away D．off3、A．participate B．decide C．choose D．go4、A．however B．but C．yet D．so5、A．enjoy B．eat C．collect D．take6、A．papers B．meals C．books D．gifts7、A．shared B．provided C．helped D．returned8、A．dishes B．fruits C．cookies D．sandwiches9、A．walk B．turn C．run D．show10、A．well-dressed B．innocent C．old D．modest11、A．watered B．cried C．opened D．closed12、A．never B．ever C．still D．yet13、A．encouraged B．attracted C．struck D．defeated14、A．inspiteof B．regardlessof C．incaseof D．becauseof15、A．persuaded B．saddened C．frightened D．moved16、A．handed B．offered C．reminded D．promised17、A．what B．how C．whether D．why18、A．single B．usual C．ordinary D．normal19、A．lesson B．class C．truth D．reality20、A．possibly B．nearly C．really D．usually第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）WhenRobertLeewasinprimaryschool,hehatedtoseehisclassmatesthrowingawayhalf-eatensandwichesafterlunch.Hisparentshadtaughthimandhisolderbrothernottowastefood.“Theysaiditwasbad,”saysRobert,27.While1．(study)financeandaccountingatNewYorkUniversity,RobertrememberedthislessonandjoinedTwoBirdsOneStone,afoodrescueclubatschool2．delivered,fivedaysaweek,uneatenpasta,vegetablesandotherleftovers(剩余食物)fromthedininghalltonearbyhomeless3．(shelter).WhenRobertandfellowclubmemberLouisaChenenteredacollege4．(compete),theycameupwithaslightlydifferentideaforafoodrescuenon-profitgroup—5．(it)programwouldn’thaveadonationminimum,wouldoperatesevendaysaweek,andwouldbestaffed6．(entire)byvolunteers.Surprisingly,7．ideastoodout.RobertandLouisaChenwonthefirstplace.8．the$1,000prize,theyfoundedRescuingLeftoverCuisine(RLC)inJuly2013.Injustthefirstfewweeks,Robertsteamdeliveredadonationofenoughnoodlesandmeatballstofeed20peopleinlineataNewYorkCityhomelessshelterthathadrunoutoffood.Onlyayearintohisfinancejob,Robertgaveuphissix-figuresalary9．(focus)onRLC．Sofartheorganization10．(reach)sixteencitiesaroundthecountry.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Westernpeopleoftensay“Excuseme”、InChina,“Excusesme”isonlyusedapologizewhenapersonhasdonesomethingwrongandhashurtsomeoneelse、Westernpeoplesayitwhentheywanttopassinthefrontofsomeone,orwhentheyfindhimselflateforanappointment、Evenathomethehusbandwillthankthewifeunlessshegiveshimaglassofwater、“Thankyou”meanyouappreciatewhatsomeonehasdoneforyou,nomatterhowsmalleritis、“Excuseme”and“Thankyou”arethemostordinarywordWesternpeopleuseeveryday、Theycouldhelppeoplegeta