全国卷2025届高三英语下学期模拟试题03含解析

PAGEPAGE21（全国卷）2025届高三英语下学期模拟试题03（含解析） 第一部分语言运用（共80分）一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）请仔细阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AProgrammingVolunteersWanted!JeffersonPublicRadio(JPR)currentlyhasmultipleopportunitiesfortalentedcommunitymemberstojointhevolunteerprogrammingstaff.Ifyouhaveextensive(广博的)knowledgeandloveforoneormoreofthemanytypesofmusicJPRbroadcasts,we’dlovetostartthatconversation.Ourcurrentopportunitiesinclude:OpenAirHost(Weekdays)JPR’ssignaturemusicshowisinneedofafewnewamazingsubstitutehosts(代理主持人)!We’relookingforpeoplewithunlimitedcuriosityaboutartistsandmusicalstyles,anartisticsensibility,andthedesiretosharemusicwithothers.We’llneedyoubothfortrainingandfortherealdealeitherfrom8:30amtonoon,orfrom11:30amto3pm.Ifyou’veeverdreamtofdoinga“dreamjob”likeplayingmusicontheradio,we’dlovetohaveyou.Plus，you’llbeabletoexploreour25,000albummusiclibraryandgettouseourbrand-newstudios!ClassicalMusicHost(Weekdays)We'representlyonthelookoutforoneortwopeopleabletosharetheirpassionforclassicalmusicwiththeJPRaudienceonanoccasionalsubstitutebasis.Youmusthaveadeepknowledgeofclassicalmusic,solidpronunciationskillsandafairbitofcomputerproficiency(精通)tobesuccessful,plushavetimeinyourscheduletobeavailable(有空的)weekdaysbetween7amand4pm.We’llprovideallofthetrainingtohaveyousoundinglikepro(职业主持人)innotime.Ifyouareinterested,pleasesendanintroductoryemailtoEricTeel(teel(@sou.edu)statingwhyyouareinterestedandwhyyouthinkyou'dbeagreatfitwiththeotherexcellentcommunityvolunteerswhokeepJPRrunningsmoothly.Nophonecalls,please.1.Whatisrequiredifyouwanttojointheprograms?A.HavingaconversationwithEricTeel.B.Receivingwork-relatedtraining.C.Learningaboutaproasmuchaspossible.D.Havingrelevanthostexperience.2.Whatshouldbeincludedinyouremail?A.Aletterofrecommendation.B.Yourvariedmusicalinterests.C.Whyyou’resuitablefortheposition.D.Howyou’llcontributetotherunningofJPR.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToraisemoneyforJPR.B.TofindvolunteersforJPR.C.Tointroduceasmartcareermove.D.Toencouragethemusicindustry.【答案】1-3BCB【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章是一则美国杰斐逊公共广播电台聘请代理主持人的信息。1.

B。细微环节理解题。依据OpenAirHost(Weekdays)部分中的We'llneedyoubothfor...orfrom11:30amto3pm以及ClassicalMusicHost(Weekdays)部分中的We'llprovideallofthetrainingtohaveyousoundinglikeaproinnotime可知，你若想参与这两个项目，先得接受岗前培训。2.

C。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的whyyouthinkyou'dbeagreatfit...JPRrunningsmoothly可知，你须要在邮件中说明你适合这个岗位的缘由。3.

B。推理推断题。依据标题ProgrammingVolunteersWanted!以及第一段中的JeffersonPublicRadio...jointhevolunteerprogrammingstaff可知，本文旨在为美国杰斐逊公共广播电台聘请志愿者。BStepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha“digitallibrary”.WhenstudentsstartedclassesonMonday,theywouldinstallanappontheirtabletsorlaptopsandgetinstantaccesstoall40textsintheStepinaccurriculum.DennisLauro,directorofaninformationcenterwhichprovidedtechnicalsupportforpublicschoolsinNewYork,saidneitherhenorhiscolleagueswereawareofasimilardigitaleffortinapublicschoolsetting.“Thisisthewaveofthefuture,”Laurosaid.“I’mnotsurprisedthatprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,andwhenitcomestoamovelikethat,theyneedapprovalfromboardsandcommittees.”ForTomCollins,Stepinac’spresident,thecommitmenttodigitalsourcematerialwasnotsodifficultadecision.Inthepast,students’familieshadtospendupto$700ayearontextbooks.Thisyear-aftertheone-timepurchaseofatabletorlaptopfamiliesonlyneedtopay$150.Usingthedigitallibraryisalmostaseasyasopeninganewbook.AstudentcaninstantlyopenamapofEgyptoraspeechbyPresidentJohnF.Kennedyinadigitalbook.Ateachercanshowapagefromadigitalbookonawhiteboardatthefrontoftheclassorsendstudentsalinktoaparticularmathproblemwithnotesaddedin.Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.Theyrecognizetheremaybetechnicalfaultsatfirst.Andtheywillhavetoencouragestudentstoleavespace-eatingphotosandmusicofftheirtabletsandtokeeptheirtabletscharged.4.WhatisgoingoninStepinac?A.It’sbuildinganewlibrary. B.It’sreformingitstextbooks.C.It’supdatingitsdigitalresources. D.It’schangingitsmanagementpattern.5.Bysayingtheunderlinedsentence,Laurobelieves____________.A.privateschoolshavetheiradvantagesB.publicschoolsfacegreatchallengesC.theeffortistocauseinstantchangesD.it’satrendforschoolstogodigital6.Whichofthefollowingistheadvantageofusingthedigitallibrary?A.Ithelpsstudentstorememberwell.B.Ithelpssavemoneyforthestudents.C.Itincludesalltheknowledgestudentswanttolearn.D.Itgivesstudentsthechancetolearnhightechnology.7.WhomayworryaboutthemoveinStepinnc?A.Officials.B.Technicians. C.Parents. D.Teachers.【答案】4-7BDBC【语篇解读】Stepinac中学正在尝试对传统的教科书进行改革，运用数字图书馆教学。这是将来教学的发展趋势，但是家长们对这一改革心存疑虑。4.B细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句可知，Stepinac中学放弃了传统的教科书，改用数字图书馆进行教学。因此,Stepinac中学正在对教科书进行改革。5.D句意理解题。依据其次段第三、四句可知,在Lauro看来，私立学校先于公立学校运用数字图书馆进行教学一点儿也不惊异，因为私立学校有更多的自由。而Lauro持有这种观点的前提是他赞同“数字化是将来教学的发展趋势”这一说法,故D项符合语境。6.B推理推断题。依据第三段其次、三句可知，在过去,学生一年须要支付的教科书费高达700美元,而在今年,一次性购买电脑后,学生只需支付150美元。由此可推知，运用数字图书馆可以帮学生省下一些教材费。7.C细微环节理解题。依据最终一段其次句可知，有些父母可能会对学校摒弃运用传统教科书的做法心存疑虑。CWheniscleaningwallsacrime?Whenyou’redoingittocreateart,obviously.Anumberofstreetartistsaroundtheworldhavestartedexpressingthemselvesthroughapracticeknownasreversegraffiti(涂鸦).Theyfinddirtysurfacesandpaintthemwithimagesormessagesusingcleaningbrushesorpressurehoses(高压水管).Eitherway,it’sthesameprinciple:theimageismadebycleaningawaythedirt.Eachartisthastheirownindividualstylebutallartistsshareacommonaim:todrawattentiontothepollutioninourcities.TheUK’sPaulCurtis,betterknownasMoose,operatesaroundLeedsandLondonandhasbeenappointedbyanumberofcompaniestomakereversegraffitiadvertisements.Brazilianartist,AlexandreOrion,turnedoneofSaoPaulo’stransporttunnelsintoanamazingwallpaintingin2006bygettingridofthedirt.Madeupofseriesofwhiteskulls(颅骨),thepaintingremindsdriversoftheeffecttheirpollutionishavingontheplanet.“Everymotoristsitsinthecomfortoftheircar,buttheydon’tgiveanyconsiderationtothepricetheircomforthasfortheenvironmentandconsequentlyforthemselves,”saysOrion.Theanti-pollutionmessageofthereversegraffitiartistsconfusescityauthoritiessincethemainargumentagainstgraffitiisthatitspoilstheappearanceofbothtypesofproperty:publicandprivate.ThiswaswhatLeedsCityCouncilsaidaboutMoose’swork:“Leedsresidentswanttoliveincleanandattractiveneighborhoods.Weviewthiskindofadvertisingasenvironmentaldamageandwilltakestrongactionagainstit.”Moosewasorderedto“cleanuphisact.”Howwashesupposedtodothis:bymakingallpropertyhehadcleaneddirtyagain?AsfortheBrazilianartist’swork,theauthoritieswereannoyedbutcouldfindnothingtochargehimwith.Theyhadnootheroptionbuttocleanthetunnel—butonlythepartsAlexandrehadalreadycleaned.Theartistmerelycontinuedhiscampaignontheotherside.Thecityofficialsthendecidedtotakefurtheraction.TheynotonlycleanedthewholetunnelbuteverytunnelinSaoPaulo.8.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutreversegraffiti?A.Itusespainttocreateanti-pollutionimages.B.Itcreatesalotoftroubleforlocalresidents.C.Itcauseslotsofdistractiontodrivers.D.Itturnsdirtywallsintoartisticworks.9.WhatdowelearnaboutBrazilianartistAlexandreOrion?A.Hewasgoodatpaintingwhiteskulls.B.Hechosetunnelstodohisgraffitiart.C.Hesuggestedbanningallpollutingcars.D.Hewasfondofdoingcreativeartworks.10.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutLeedsCityCouncil’sdecision?A.Itissimplyabsurd. B．Itiswell-informed.C.Itisratherunexpected. D．Itisquitesensible.11.HowdidSaoPaulocityofficialshandleAlexandreOrion'sreversegraffiti?A.TheymadehimcleanallthetunnelsinSaoPaulo.B.Theytookfurtheractiontobanallreversegraffiti.C.Theychargedhimwithpollutingtunnelsinthecity.D.Theymadeitimpossibleforhimtopracticehisart.【答案】8-11ABAD【语篇解读】这是一篇争论文。本文主要探讨涂鸦是否犯罪，讲解并描述在涂鸦方面艺术家们和政府之间的冲突：艺术家们为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，而政府因为爱护环境禁止涂鸦。8.A细微环节理解题。依据第一段“todrawattentiontothepollutioninourcities(关注我们城市的污染)”及第三段“Theanti-pollutionmessageofthereversegraffiti(反污染意义的涂鸦)”可知，艺术家们涂鸦是为了创建反污染的概念。故选A项。9.B细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Brazilianartist,AlexandreOrion,turnedoneofSaoPaulo'stransporttunnelsintoanamazingwallpaintingin2006bygettingridofthedirt.(在2006年，巴西艺术家AlexandreOrion把SaoPaulo的交通隧道变成令人惊异的涂鸦墙，使交通隧道摆脱尘土)”可知，AlexandreOrion在交通隧道里涂鸦。故选B项。10.A推理推断题。依据第三段“Weviewthiskindofadvertisingasenvironmentaldamageandwilltakestrongactionagainstit.(我们认为这种广告会破坏环境，所以要强力反对)”及“Moosewasorderedto“cleanuphisact.”(Moose被吩咐“改过自新”)”可知，前文讲解并描述艺术家为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，但是当局却认为涂鸦是污染环境的行为，禁止艺术家涂鸦。再依据“Howwashesupposedtodothis:bymakingallpropertyhehadcleaneddirtyagain?(该怎么做呢？要把他全部干净的杰作再弄脏吗？)”可推知，作者提出这样的问题是为了表达对当局做法的否定。故选A项。11.D推理推断题。依据第四段“TheynotonlycleanedthewholetunnelbuteverytunnelinSaoPaulo.(他们不仅要清除这个隧道的涂鸦，还有SaoPaulo里的每一个隧道)”可推知，圣保罗市的官员们让亚历山大·奥利翁的涂鸦成为不行能。故选D项。DAnewstudy,publishedthisweekinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience,revealsthatnon-humananimals'tearsarenotsodifferentfromourown.Thechemicalsimilaritiesaresogreat,infact,thatthecompositionofotherspecies'tears—andhowthey'readaptedtotheirenvironments-mayprovideinsightsintobettertreatmentsforhumaneyedisease.Previously,scientistshadstudiedcloselyonlythetearsofahandfulofmammals,includinghumans,dogs,horses,camels,andmonkeys.Inthenewstudy,Brazilianveterinariansanalyzedthetearsofreptilesandbirdsforthefirsttime,focusingonsevenspecies.Tears,whicharereleasedfromteartubes,formafilmovertheeyethat'scomposedofthreeingredients:mucus,waler,andoil.Themucuscoatstheeyessurfaceandhelpstoattachthefilmtotheeye,thewaterisanaturalsaltysolutioncontainingcrucialproteinsandminerals,andtheoilpreventstheeyefromdryingout.Humansaretheonlyknownspeciestoproduceemotionaltears;theexpression"crocodiletears,"whichreferstoaperson'sphonydisplayofemotion,comesfromthemysterioustendencyofcrocodilestoreleasetearsastheyeat.Buttearsplaykeyrolesbeyondweeping,notesLionelSebbagatIowaStateUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.Theyhelpwithvisionbylubricatingandclearingtheeye.Theyalsoprotecttheeyeagainstinfectionandprovidenutritiontothecornea,theeye'sclearouterlayer,whichlacksbloodtubes,hesays.Learninghowreptilesandbirds'usetearsmayalsoinspirenewmedicationsforconditionssuchasdryeye,whichoccurswhenteartubesdon'tproduceenoughoil.Thedisease,commonincats,dogs,andpeople,cansometimesleadtoblindness.12.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thesourceoftears. B.Thecompositionoftears.C.Theclassificationoftears, D.Thedefinitionoftears.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"phony”inparagraph4mean?A.Tricky. B.Regretful. C.Cold. D.False.14.WhichstatementdoesLionelSebbagagreewith?A.Weepingcontributestoeyedisease. B.Thecorneahasrichbloodtubes.C.Tearsoilandcleartheeyes. D.Moretearsmeanbettervision.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Tears,abarriertoeyes B.AbettertreatmentforeyediseaseC.Non-humantearspromisenewcures D.Otherspecies’tearsaresimilartohumans'【答案】12-15BDCC【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项新探讨表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同，事实上这些眼泪为治愈人类的一些疾病供应了思路。12.B主旨大意题。依据第三段“Tears,whicharereleasedfromteartubes,formafilmovertheeyethat'scomposedofthreeingredients:mucus,waler,andoil.Themucuscoatstheeyessurfaceandhelpstoattachthefilmtotheeye,thewaterisanaturalsaltysolutioncontainingcrucialproteinsandminerals,andtheoilpreventstheeyefromdryingout.(眼泪从泪管中释放出来，在眼睛上形成一层薄膜，由三种成分组成：粘液、水和油脂。粘液覆盖了眼睛表面，有助于将眼膜附着在眼睛上。水是一种自然的含盐溶液，含有重要的蛋白质和矿物质，油可以防止眼睛干燥)”可知，第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分。故选B。13.D词义揣测题。依据画线词后文“displayofemotion,comesfromthemysterioustendencyofcrocodilestoreleasetearsastheyeat”可知，鳄鱼进食的时候会流泪，所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的是一个人虚假的情感表达。即画线词意思是“虚假的”。A.Tricky.狡猾的；B.Regretful.懊悔的；C.Cold.寒冷的；D.False.虚假的。故选D。14.C细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“Buttearsplaykeyrolesbeyondweeping,notesLionelSebbagatIowaStateUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.Theyhelpwithvisionbylubricatingandclearingtheeye.(但爱荷华州立高校的LionelSebbag指出，眼泪在哭泣之外还发挥着关键作用，他没有参与这项新探讨。它们通过润滑和清洁眼睛来帮助视力)”可知，C选项“眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”的观点LionelSebbag可能同意。故选C。15.C主旨大意题。依据第一段“Anewstudy,publishedthisweekinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience,revealsthatnon-humananimals'tearsarenotsodifferentfromourown.Thechemicalsimilaritiesaresogreat,infact,thatthecompositionofotherspecies'tears—andhowthey'readaptedtotheirenvironments-mayprovideinsightsintobettertreatmentsforhumaneyedisease.(本周发表在《兽医科学前沿》杂志上的一项新探讨表明，动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同。事实上，它们的化学成分特别相像，以至于其他物种的眼泪的组成以及它们如何适应环境，可能为更好地治疗人类眼病供应了思路)”可知，文章主要介绍的是动物的眼泪为治疗人类眼病供应了思路，C选项“动物的眼泪预示着新的治疗方法”最符合文章标题。故选C。二、七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LearningIsEverywhereandAnytimeEmployeesnowadaysarefacedwithmajorchangesintheirworkinglife.Besidestheirdailytasksandresponsibilities,theyarealsolearners.Specifically,theyarelearnersfacedwithaninformationoverloadandaboveall,alimitedamountoftime.Inordertocatchalltheopportunitieslearninghastooffer,learningshouldbeabletooccuranywhere,atanytime._____16______.Thisfirstchallengeforallthelearnersinvolvedinthee-learningareaisthatyourcontentsshouldbeavailableonsmartphonesandmobileInternetdevices,oryouwon'thaveanychancetobecompetitiveinthee-learningfield._____17______.Didyouknowthattherateofinformationhastripled(增长三倍)inthelast3yearsalone?Peopleareoverloadedwithtoolsandneedguidancetolearnhowtolearninthedigitalage._____18______.Micro-learningmakeslearningeasierwithsmallerlearningunitsandshort-term-focusedactivities.Asexpertssay,repetitivelearningthroughputtingthelearningprocessintodailyroutinesishighlyeffective.Andyoucanimprovethelearnerexperiencebyofferingso-calledlearningnuggetinanATAWADACstyle:AnyTime,AnyWhere,AnyDevice,AnyContent.Toboostthelearnerexperience,youneedtoselectonlycontentthatisrelevanttoyou.Createyourownpersonalizedon-demandlearninglibrary,bypilingupinterestinglearningcontentthatyoucaneasilyget._____19______,youcancreateyourdailylearningjourneybyconsumingbite-sizedlearningcontenton._____20______.•Increasethecompletionrate.•Givevisibilitytoonboardingprogrammes:newcomerscanhaveaccesstoentry-levelprogrammeseverywhereandatanytime.•Givefeedbackbeforeoraftertraininglessons.A.Howtoincreasemicro-learning?B.Herearesomebenefitsofmicro-learning.C.It'simportanttoknowrepetitivelearningtoo.D.Micro-learningformsananswerforlearner'schallenges.E.Besides,peoplearefacedwithaninformationoverload.F.ItshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationofthelimitationsoftheindividualG.Bymeansofonemobiledevice(tablet,phone,application)【答案】16-20FEDGB【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以帮助人们解决学习的局限性。16.F上文“Specifically,theyarelearnersfacedwithaninformationoverloadandaboveall,alimitedamountoftime.（详细来说,他们是学习者,面对的是信息过载,最重要的是,有限的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都有局限性。F选项Itshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationofthelimitationsoftheindividual.（它还应当考虑到个人的局限性。）说明学习还要考虑个人的局限性,符合文意。故选F项。17.E下文“Didyouknowthattherateofinformationhastripledinthelast3yearsalone?Peopleareoverloadedwithtoolsandneedguidancetolearnhowtolearninthedigitalage.（你知道仅在过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就增长了两倍吗?在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，须要有人来指导他们如何学习。）”说明数字时代的人们面对的信息量很大。E选项Besides,peoplearefacedwithaninformationoverload.（此外，人们面临着信息过载。）符合下文文意。故选E项。18.D上文“Specifically,theyarelearnersfacedwithaninformationoverloadandaboveall,alimitedamountoftime.（详细来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。）”说明每个人的学习都面临着确定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micro-learningmakeslearningeasierwithsmallerlearningunitsandshort-term-focusedactivities.（微学习使学习更简单与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。）”说明微学习可以解决信息过载时间有限等问题。D选项Micro-learningformsananswerforlearner'schallenges.（微学习为学习者的挑战供应了答案。）符合上下文意。故选D项。19.G上文“Thisfirstchallengeforallthelearnersinvolvedinthee-learningareaisthatyourcontentsshouldbeavailableonsmartphonesandmobileInternetdevices,oryouwon'thaveanychancetobecompetitiveinthee-learningfield.（对于全部参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，第一个挑战是，你的内容必需在智能手机和移动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会在电子学习领域具有竞争力。）”说明移动设备的必要性。下文“youcancreateyourdailylearningjourneybyconsumingbite-sizedlearningcontenton（您可以通过在网上消费小规模的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅）”说明须要创建日常学习之旅须要移动设备。G选项Bymeansofonemobiledevice(tablet,phone,application)（通过一个移动设备（平板、电话、应用程序））符合上下文意。故选G项。20.B下文“Increasethecompletionrate.（提高完成率。）”“Givevisibilitytoonboardingprogrammes:newcomerscanhaveaccesstoentry-levelprogrammeseverywhereandatanytime.（供应入职培训:新员工可以随时随地参与入门级培训。）”“Givefeedbackbeforeoraftertraininglessons.（在培训课程之前或之后赐予反馈。）”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B选项Herearesomebenefitsofmicro-learning.（以下是微观学习的一些好处。）符合文意。故选B项。三、完形填空：（共15题；每题1分）请仔细阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，AsourEarth’stemperaturewarmsupbecauseofclimatechange,itishavingunexpectedeffectsonourworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirskinsto_____21______thelossofwater,andthis,inturn,slowsdownthe_____22______ofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashavea_____23______deathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthe_____24______ofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto_____25______,andinsomecases,theforestsare_____26______permanently.Treesthatarestressedarealso_____27______toattacksbybacteria(细菌).Intropicalforests,vinesthatusethetreesas_____28______canoftenchokethetreesandrobthemofnutrients.Finally,humanshave_____29______theforestlandscapethroughlogging.Whentreesarereplantedonthesoil,theywillnevergrowaslargeasthe_____30______treesthatwerecutdown.Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange,_____31______thevarietyofthosesystems._____32______,someendangeredspeciesareunableto_____33______anddie.Old-growthforestsaredisappearinginallregionsofourworld.Whenforestsdie,youngerforeststhatarereestablishedinthesameareagrowbackweakerandsmaller_____34______poorvegetation.Withtreesdyingincreasinglyandcontinuously,willfuturegenerations_____35______outonthewondersofforests?21.A.protect B.prevent C.save D.free22.A.movement B.situation C.process D.operation23.A.higher B.firmer C.lighter D.smaller24.A.choice B.measure C.qualification D.chance25.A.grow B.rescue C.recover D.decline26.A.ignored B.lost C.hurt D.left27.A.accessible B.enjoyable C.acceptable D.favorable28.A.attention B.command C.trust D.support29.A.frightened B.paid C.ruined D.wasted30.A.common B.original C.distant D.strong31.A.affecting B.improving C.forgetting D.reflecting32.A.Besides B.Surprisingly C.Otherwise D.Unfortunately33.A.devote B.keep C.adapt D.lead34.A.dueto B.inadditionto C.insteadof D.inspiteof35.A.pass B.miss C.break D.bring【答案】21-25BCADC26-30BADCB31-35ADCAB【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白由于气候变更，地球温度上升，这对我们世界的森林产生了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其次，气候变更也增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消逝，因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生变更，甚至死亡。21.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A.protect爱护；B.prevent阻挡；C.save挽救；D.free释放。依据后文thelossofwater可知树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻挡水分的流失。故选B。22.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A.movement活动；B.situation状况；C.process进程；D.operation操作。结合上下文语境，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进程（process）。故选C。23.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。A.higher更高的；B.firmer更坚实的；C.lighter更光明的；D.smaller更小的。依据上文thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选A。24.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变更也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。A.choice选择；B.measure测量；C.qualification资格；D.chance可能性，机会。依据后文Afterwildfires可知全球气温上升增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选D。25.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统须要一段时间才能复原，在某些状况下，森林会永久无法复原。A.grow生长；B.rescue营救；C.recover复原；D.decline下降。结合上文Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森林系统须要时间才能复原。故选C。26.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统须要一段时间才能复原，在某些状况下，森林会永久无法复原。A.ignored被忽视的；B.lost无法复原的；C.hurt受伤的；D.left左边的。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林，森林须要时间来复原，但是某些状况下，森林也可能不能复原了。故选B。27.A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也简单受到细菌的攻击。A.accessible易接近的；B.enjoyable欢乐的；C.acceptable可接受的；D.favorable赞成的。依据后文toattacksbybacteria可知树木也简单受到细菌的攻击。短语beaccessibleto“简单进入的，简单接近的”。故选A。28.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物常常会窒息树木，并剥夺树木的养分。A.attention留意力；B.command吩咐；C.trust信任；D.support支撑，支持。结合上文vinesthatusethetreesas可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选D。29.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。A.frightened使胆怯 ；B.paid支付；C.ruined毁灭；D.wasted奢侈。结合后文theforestlandscapethroughlogging可知人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选C。30.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们恒久不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大。A.common一般的；B.original原来的；C.distant遥远的；D.strong强壮的。结合后文treesthatwerecutdown可知此处指的是，人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了。故选B。31.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消逝，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫变更，影响了这些系统的多样性。A.affecting影响；B.improving改善；C.forgetting遗忘；D.reflecting放射。承接上文Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange可知森林的消逝，变更了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选A。32.D考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A.Besides而且；B.Surprisingly惊人地；C.Otherwise否则；D.Unfortunately不幸地。依据后文someendangeredspeciesareunableto可知某些物种很不幸地是，无法适应这些变更，只能死亡。故选D。33.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A.devote贡献；B.keep保持；C.adapt适应；D.lead带领。依据上文speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange可知物种被迫发生变更了，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选C。34.A考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良，而变得更弱更小。A.dueto因为；B.inadditionto另外；C.insteadof而不是；D.inspiteof尽管。依据后文poorvegetation可知此处指年轻森林由于（dueto）植被不良，而变得更弱更小。故选A。35.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？A.pass通过；B.miss错过；C.break打破；D.bring带来。结合后文outonthewondersofforests可知此处指错过森林的奇迹。短语missout“错过”。故选B。四、语法填空：（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThediscoveryofthefirstDeadSeaScrolls(《死海古卷》),consideredtobethemostsignificantarchaeologicaleventofthetwentiethcentury,occurredin1947inQumran,borderingontheDeadSea._____36_____(search)foragoatthathadgotlost,aman_____37_____(name)Muhammedwalkedalongtheseacliffsand_____38_____(accident)cameacrossclayjarcontainingancientscrolls(卷轴).ThentheyweresoldtoProfessorEliezerSukennik.Hewassurethatthescrollsweregenuine,whichwasthefirsttimethatabiblical(《圣经》的)scholar_____39_____(examine)thescrolls.Tenyearslater,elevenmorecavesaroundtheDeadSea_____40_____(find)tocontaintensofthousandsofscrollfragments(碎片),among_____41_____aretheoldestknownversionsoftheHebrewScriptures.Somescrollswerecarefullyplaced,whileothersappearedtobethrownin_____42_____hurry.Whatisremarkableabouttheancientscrollsistheirage._____43_____(date)fromthe3rdcenturyBCtoAD68,thescrollsaremostlywritteninHebrewandincludetheoldestbiblicaltextseverfound,consisting_____44_____passagesfromeverybookoftheHebrewBible,withthe_____45_____(except)oftheBookofEsther.【语篇解读】短文主要讲解并描述了《死海古卷》的偶然发觉极其考古学的重大意义。36.Tosearch考查非谓语动词。____36____(search)forgoatthathadgotlost是Muhammedwalkedalongtheseacliffs的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语,故填Tosearch留意首字母要大写。37.named考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,____37____(name)Muhammed作后置定语，修饰aman，name逻辑主语aman之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填named。38.accidentally考查词性转换。修饰动词短语cameacross应用副词,故填accidentally。39.hadexamined考查时态。此处是“Itis/wasthefirsttime+that从句”句型,强调第一次做的事对现在的影响,应用完成时态;依据空前的was可知,从句应用过去完成时,故填hadexamined。40.werefound考查时态和被动语态。动词find和主语elevenmorecaves之间是被动关系，应用被动语态;依据空前的时间状语Tenyearslater及上文中的in1947可知，“被发觉”是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填werefound。41.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,among____41____aretheoldestknownversionsoftheHebrewScriptures是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词scrollfragments，关系词在从句中作主语,且前有介词among,故填which。42.a考查冠词。inahurry是固定短语,意为“仓促，匆忙”，故填a。43.Dating考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，____43____(date)fromthe3rdcenturyBCtoAD68作8i状语,动词date和逻辑主语thescrolls之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填Dating留意首字母要大写。44.of考查介词。consistof是固定短语,意为“由组成”，故填of。45.exception考查词性转换。依据空后的of短语及空前的定冠词the可知,此处应用名词,故填exception。其次部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国笔友Chris正在学习汉语。他得知你校在线开设了中国诗词课程，特别感爱好并想参与学习，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关状况。请依据以下提示给他写一封回信。内容包括：⑴你校运用钉钉（DingTalk）软件进行在线教学此课程；（2）运用钉钉（DingTalk）的方法；（3）在线中国诗词课程的特色。留意：（1）词数80左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearChris,I’mgladthatyoushowgreatinterestinChineseculture.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【参考范文】DearChris,I’mgladthatyoushowgreatinterestinChineseculture.I’mwritingtotellyouthecourseofChinesepoetryonlineindetail.AnapplicationcalledDingTalkactsasclasstemporarily,whichissimpleandconvenienttouse.First,downloadthisapplicationandentertheclassgroup.Next,clickthebuttonof“classonline”andfindthelivetelecasttolearntheclassonline.ThecourseofChinesepoetryonlinehasitsownadvantages.Notonlycanweplayitagainandagain,butwecanpauseandgobackatanytimeifwedon’tunderstandwhatteacherssay.（Besides,theteachercouldputmoreinterestingexampleswithoutworryingabouttimeofclassbecausewecanspeeduptheclassorskipthechapterwedon’tneed.）IhopewhatIsaycanbehelpfulforyou.