备战2020年高考英语一轮复习第十九套英语8Units3-5单元训练B卷含解析

PAGE好教育云平台一轮单元训练卷第=*2-13页（共=sectionPages2*24页）好教育云平台一轮单元训练卷第=page2*24页（共=sectionPages2*24页）此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号英语8Units3-5注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAnonlinepostlistingofficepeople’sfourmost-hatedmoderninventionsisgainingpopularity.Readontodiscoverwhatmodernprofessionalsdislike.Numberone:Thepunchmachine(打卡机).32-year-oldMr.ZhangworksforanITcompany.Heliststhepunchmachineashisnumberoneworkdayenemyafteranumberofunavoidableincidentsmadehimlatetopunchinforwork.Zhangsaysmostofhiscolleaguesarehard-workingpeople,buttheyfeellikethebossdoesn’ttrustthemwhenheusesamachinetoevaluatetheirperformance.Zhangplanstofindanotherjobatacompanythatdoesnotuseapunchmachine.Numbertwo:Instantnoodles.Moreandmorepeopletodayrealizethatinstantnoodlesdonotmakeahealthymeal,butlackoftimeforcesmanywhite-collarworkerstoeattheminsteadofaregulardinner.27-year-oldMr.Zhuisasalespersonwhoissobusyatworkthathedoesn’tevenhavetimetowashhissocks.Heregularlyeatsfastfoodtakeaways(外卖)orinstantnoodlesfordinner.Numberthree:Mattresses(床垫).Someelderemployeestellnewcomersthathavingamattressatworkisjustlikehavingahomeatthecompany.Toencouragetheiremployeestoworkovertime,anumberofcompanieshaveissuedtheiremployeeswithmattressessothattheycantakearestundertheirdesksatanytimeofaday.Peoplehavestartedrefusingthemattressandtakingbettercareoftheirhealthafterthemediareportedonanumberofpeoplewhodiedduetooverworklastyear.Andlast,butnotleast,themobilephone.AsurgeonfromaBeijinghospitalsaysmoreandmorewhite-collarworkersareturningupwithastrangediseasewhichtheycall“mobilephoneelbow”.Thepatients’elbowsarepainful,andsometimestheycan’tevenraisetheirhands.Thedoctorsaysthediseaseoccurswhenpatientsspendmorethan4hoursontheirmobiles.21.Whydosomeemployeeswanttofindajobinacompanywithoutpunchmachines?A.Theyoftenmeetwithunavoidableincidentsontheirwaytowork.B.Theyfeellesstrustedwhenevaluatedwiththepunchmachine.C.Itisunnecessaryforthemtopunchinforworkeveryday.D.Theycanworklesshardincompanieswithoutpunchmachines.22.White-collarworkershavetoeatinstantnoodlesbecausethey.A.can’tmakeahealthymeal B.can’taffordaregulardinnerC.don’thavetimetowashtheirsocks D.arealwayssobusyatwork23.Intheeyesoftheboss,themattressescan.A.makeemployeesworkmoretimeB.makethenewcomerslovethecompanyC.makeemployeeshaveagoodrestatanytimeD.takecareoftheemployees’health24.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Most-hatedModernInventionsB.ModernInventionsAreGainingPopularityOnlineC.ModernInventionsBringUsInconvenienceD.ModernInventionsandOverworkBResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavedevelopedanewmaterialthatcanmoveheatoutofbuildingsandintospace.Theresearcherssaythematerialcancoolbuildingsevenonhotdays.Thecoolingmaterialisaverythinsheetwithmanylayersthatcouldbeplacedonarooflikesolarpanels(板).However,insteadofturningsunlightintoenergyassolarpanelsdo,thematerialturnsheatintoinfrared(红外线的)radiation.ShanhuiFanisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratStanfordUniversity.Hesaysthatthepanelshavealayerofmaterialthatislikesand.Thepanelsactlikeamirror.Theytakeheatoutofbuildingsandreflectthelightfromthesun.Andhesaysboththeheatandsunlightaresent100kilometersintoouterspace.“It’sastructurethatcoolsitselfwithoutelectricityinput,evenunderthesun.So,whatitdoesisbasicallyradiateheattoouterspaceandalsoreflectthesunlightsoitdoesn’tgetheatedupbythesun.Mr.Fansaysitislikehavingawindowintospace.TheheatissentdirectlyintospacewithoutincreasingtheairtemperatureHesaysbuildingsindevelopingcountriesthatdonothaveelectricityorairconditioningcouldusethepanels.“Inareaswhereelectricityisoutofreachformanypeople,thereisapotentialbenefitforstoringmedicineorevenfood.Inmanyofthesesituations,beingabletoreducethetemperatureisimportant.Andthiswouldprovideawaytodoit.”Theresearcherssaythemainproblemiscreatingactualcoolingsystemsusingthehigh-techpanels.Theysayitmaybepossibletodevelopacoolingspray(喷涂）thatcouldbeusedonpresentsolidstructures.Theybelievethecoolingspraytechnologycouldbedevelopedinthenextthreetofiveyears.Theysayasmuchas15percentoftheenergyusedintheUnitedStatesisspentprovidingpowertoairconditioningsystems.25.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Livingonhotdaysisnolongerabigproblemnow.B.Researchersaredevelopingnewsolarpanelsonroofs.C.Anewmaterialiscreatedtocoolthebuildings.D.Thenewmaterialisaverythinsheetwithmanylayers.26.Accordingtoparagraph2,howdoesthepanelwork?A.Ittakesintheheatandcoolsitdown. B.Itusesamirrortoreflectthesunlight.C.Ithasawindowtoletouttheheat. D.Itsendsheatawayrightintospace.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheadvantageofthenewpanel?A.Convenientbutimpractical. B.Eco-friendlyandenergy-saving.C.Effectivebutexpensive. D.Creativeandcheap.28.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Thedeviceofthenewpanelisstillunderresearch.B.Somepeoplegotbenefitsfromproducingthepanels.C.Itisimpossibletosolvetheproblemofcreatingactualcoolingsystem.D.Thenewpanelsmaysave15percentoftheenergy.CAccordingtomanyrecentsurveys,therearefewerandfewerstudentsreadingnewspapersfrommiddleschooltocollege,whichworriesbothparentsandteachersalot.Inmyopinion,severalreasonsresultinthisphenomenon.ThemostsignificantreasonisthattheriseofmanyotherinformationMedia,forexample,internet,mobilephone,TVandsoon.Inthepastweonlycouldreadnewspaperstoknowwhathappenedaroundus,whilenowweonlyneedtoturnontheTV,oropenourcomputers,whichismoreconvenient.Inaddition,computerandothermediaprovideuswithmorenewlynewsandmorespecificdetails,whichwecangeteasilyandwithoutpayment.Thereisalsoanadvantagethatthenewmediahavewhilenewspapersdon’t—alargemountofpictures,whichmaketheinformationornewsmorelively.Therefore,moreandmorestudentstendtosurftheinternetorwatchTVinsteadofreadingnewspapers.Anotherreasonthatfewstudentsreadnewspapersisthattheyhavelittletimetodosuchthings.Weallknowthatnowadaysstudents,especiallymiddleschoolandhighschoolstudentsareburiedinthebooksalmosteverydaytogetgoodgrades.Eveninweekends,theyaresenttoheterogeneouscramschoolbytheirparentstobecomesuperiorinschool.Thusthereislittlefreetimeforthemtodootherthings,nottomentionreadingnewspapers.Thestudent’indifferencetothecurrentaffairsalsoenablesfewnewspaperreaders.The90s,mostoftoday’sstudents,alwayspaymoreattentiontofashionandonlycareforthemselves.Lackingasenseofcollectivismandnationalism,themajorityofthe90shavelittleinterestincurrentaffairs,whicharethebasiccontentofmostnewspapers,sothattherearefewerandfewerstudentsreadingnewspapers.Differentoutsideandinsidereasonshavecontributedtothefewnewspaperreadersamongstudents.Therefore,teachersshouldencouragetheirstudentstoformthehabitofreadingnewspapersregularlyandfreethestudentsfromtheirheavystudyburdensothattheycanaffordtobroadentheirhorizonthroughnewspapers,whichisbeneficialfortheirfuturedevelopment.29.AccordingtoParagraph2,fewstudentsreadnewspapersbecause.A.readingnewspapersisn’tgoodforthemtogetgoodgradesB.theyaremoreinterestedinfashionthancurrentaffairsC.it’scheaperandeasiertogetinformationfromtheInternetorTVD.theycanonlyknowwhatishappeningviatheInternetoronTV30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.it’sbetterforstudentstogaininformationviatheInternetthanothermediaB.highschoolstudentsaretoobusywiththeirstudynowC.moreandmorestudentsareaddictedtotheInternetnowD.morestudentswillfallinlovewithnewspapers31.Whatdoestheauthormostlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Therearemanyadvantagesofreadingnewspapers.B.Therearereasonswhyfewstudentsreadnewspapers.C.TheadvantagesofsurfingtheInternetareobvious.D.It’sveryimportanttoreadnewspapers.DThetraditionalnewsmediainAmericahasbeenhavingaroughtimeinthelastfewyears.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,moreAmericanshaveanegative(43%)thanapositive(33%)viewofthenewsmedia,andarefindingithardertobewellinformedbecauseitisgettinghardertodeterminewhichnewsisaccurate.Theproblemispreference.Whileideallythemediashouldbeobjectiveandholdpowertoaccount,inrealityweknowthatmostnewsoutletsbelongtoacertainpartyandhavetheirownagendatoadvance.Whetherstate-ownedorrunbysomeshadytax-avoidingbillionaire,getting“themasses”toviewtheworldfromacertainperspectivehasalwaysbeenapricelesspowertowield.Sowhyistrustinthemediasolow?Well,accordingtothesamesurvey,8outof10Americansbelievethatthenewsmediaarecriticaltotheirdemocracy.Thegapbetweenthesenobleexpectationsofanhonest,objectivemediaandtheperformancethattheyactuallydeliverislarge.Timeswhenthemaskslipsandexamplesofmediamanipulation(操纵)areexposedarehugelydamagingtotrust,andpeoplenaturallyturntosocialmediaforothers,even-easier-to-manipulatesources.Thusweareinthecurrentstateinwhichwefindourselves:confusedandmistrustful.Peoplehavebeenpostingexamplesofhowmediacanusedifferenttechniquesofdeception,totrickyouintoseeingexactlywhattheywantedyoutosee.Asyouwilldiscover,perspectivereallyiseverything!Itwillgoestoshowthatahealthydoseofskepticismgoesalongway,andgettingyournewsfromawiderangeofdifferentsourcesisyourbestbettoamoreroundedviewoftheworldwelivein.Socialmediaisgoodinthatrespect,butbadintermsofregulation,trollingandpeopleshoutinghorriblethingsateachother.Thegoodoldtraditionalnewsmediareallyisneededasaforumforreasonabledebateandexpertopinion,buttheygottastopwiththemanipulationalready!32.Whatdoesparagraph2wanttoconvey?A.Peoplehaveprejudiceformedia.B.Themediacantakecontroloftheparty.C.Themediahaveactedasatooltomaskthetruth.D.Themediahaveapricelesspower.33.What’syourunderstandingofthesentence“Asyouwilldiscover,perspectivereallyiseverything!”?A.Peopleshouldnothavefaithinwhatthemediasaysbecausesomenewsarenottrue.B.PeopleshouldnotbetoocuriousaboutthingsaroundC.Peopleshouldrefertosocialmediaratherthantraditionalmediaifwantingtoknowthetruthofnews.D.Thespiritofsuspectanddiversesourcesaregoodwaystohelppeoplerecognizethetruthoftheworld.34.What’sthestructureofthepassage?A.①→②③→④ B.①→②③④C.①②③→④ D.①②→③→④35.What’thebesttitleforthepassage?A.Where’strustinthemediaB.Whypeople’strustinthemediafallsC.HowpeopletreattrustinthemediaD.What’strustinthemedia第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoRespectfullyDisagreeIt’seasiertoagreethandisagree.36Unfortunately,manyofuseithershyawaycompletelyfromdisagreementsorloseitwhenthingsdon’tgoourway.Thesetipscanhelpkeepdisagreementsconstructive.Use“I”tocommunicatehowyoufeel,whatyouthinkandwhatyouwantorneed.37Forexample,tellingyourparents“YoualwaysremindmeaboutmyhouseworkwhenyouknowIhavemuchhomework”hasaverydifferenttonefrom“I’mfeelingpressuredbecauseIhavealotofhomeworktonight.CanIdothosechorestomorrow?”Listentotheother’sopinion.38Thatmakesitmorelikelythatheorshewilldothesameforyou.Whentheotherpersonistalking,trytostopyourselffromthinkingaboutwhyyoudisagreeorwhatyou’llsaynext.39Thisistheimportantthingyoucandotokeepaconversationontrack.Ofcourse,it’sahugechallengetostaycalmwhenyoufeelangryaboutsomething,especiallyiftheirpersonyou’retalkingtogetsheated.40Ifyou’veeverbeenonthereceivingendofsomeone’sput-downs(贬损的话),youknowhowvaluableusingrespectfullanguageandbehaviorcanbe.Soinsteadofsayingwhatyoumightbethinking(That’sastupididea!),trysaying“Idon’tagree,andhereiswhy.”Respectgoesbeyonddifficultconversations,ofcourse.Beinghelpfulandconsideratetowardsfamilymembers,teachersorcoachesinoureverydayactionshelpsusestablishafoundationforthosetimeswhenwemightdisagree.A.Staycalm.B.Lookintotheother’seyes.C.Using‘you’statementscansoundaggressive.D.Avoidputtingdowntheotherperson’sideasandbeliefs.E.Thenyoucancalmlypresentyourcaseandwhyyoudisagree.F.Beingagoodlistenershowsthatyourespecttheotherperson.G.Butwecanlearnalotfromconversationswherewedon’tagree.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwassixyearsold.ItwasHalloween.TheschoolwashavingitsannualHalloweenparade(游行)to41it.Allthekidswouldmarchafew42throughtheneighborhood.“Justbuyhimacostume,”myfathersaid.“Itdoesn’tcostmuch.”Butno,mymotherdecided,43itwasmyfirstparade,shewould44meacostume:themummy(木乃伊),myfavoritescarycharacter.She45whiterags(布片)andoldtowelsandwoundthem46me,holdingtheminplacewithsafetypins.Thenshearrangedtheragswithtoiletpaperandtape.Ittookalongtime,butIwasstill47enoughtoseetheresult.Whenshefinished,Icould48waittolookinthe49.Iwasamummy!Imovedbackandforthinfrontofit50.“Oh,you’reveryscary.”mymothersaid.Shedrovemetoschool.Westartedourparade.ThemoreIwalked,the51theragsgot.Then,abouttwoblocksout,itbeganto52.ThenextthingIknewwasthatthetoiletpaperwasbeginningtodissolve(溶解).53,theragsbecameevenlooserandfelltomyankles,wrists,andneckandyoucouldseemyundershirtandunderpants,whichmademeextremely54.“LookatCharley!”theotherkidsscreamed.Theywere55.Iwasburningred.Iwantedtoescape,butwheredidyougointhemiddleofaparade?Whenwe56reachedtheschoolyard,Iwasallwet,withamessofragsandtoiletpaperpieces.Theparentswerewaitingtherewith57,startingtotakephotosofus.Isawmymotherfirst.Asshespottedme,she58herhandtohermouth.Iburstinto59.“You60mylife!”Icried.41.A.congratulate B.celebrate C.honour D.spend42.A.blocks B.houses C.schools D.roads43.A.unless B.although C.asif D.since44.A.rent B.buy C.make D.borrow45.A.cutup B.putup C.setup D.turnedup46.A.above B.on C.around D.beneath47.A.upset B.patient C.stubborn D.grateful48.A.seldom B.hardly C.only D.nearly49.A.rags B.shirt C.eyes D.mirror50.A.hurriedly B.sadly C.excitedly D.seriously51.A.tighter B.heavier C.looser D.bigger52.A.rain B.blow C.snow D.thunder53.A.Asareward B.Asaresult C.Atanend D.asusual54.A.shocked B.frightened C.disappointed D.embarrassed55.A.laughing B.jumping C.cheering D.crying56.A.sadly B.gradually C.proudly D.finally57.A.pictures B.cameras C.towels D.dogs58.A.raised B.dropped C.tied D.fastened59.A.flames B.laughter C.tears D.song60.A.lighted B.started C.rebuilt D.ruined第Ⅱ卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。ThomasAlvaEdisonwasamanofwonderfulability61hadthegoodlucktobebornatagoodtime.AftertheAmericanCivilWar,theUnitedStateswasgrowing.Conditionswererightforthetalentsofaman62Edison.Thomaswasanunusuallycuriouschild.Evenat63earlyagehelovedtoreadandmakeexperiments.Becausehewassodreamyandquiet,oncehe64(accuse)ofbeingstupidbyateacher,Edison’smotherwasnotso65(please)thatshetookhersonoutofschoolandneversenthimback.Shetookchargeofhiseducation66(her)andtaughthimhistory,scienceandphilosophy.Edisonwasaveryquickreaderandherememberedeverything.Oncehegottheideaofstartingatthefirstshelfofalargelibraryandreadingeverythinginit.67afterreadingthrough15feetofbooks,hegaveupthis68(ambition)idea.Edisonpatentedover1,000separateinventionsduringhislife.Heneverstopped69(try)tolearnmoreaboutscienceandwhatitcoulddoforman.His70(discover)probablyincreasedthewealthoftheworldmorethanthoseofanyothersinglemaninhistory.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。IcanstillrememberIwasonceaskedtomakespeechbeforethewholeclassattheageof9.YoucanimaginehowshyIwaswhenIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyesfixedtome.Ihadnomorechoicebuttoprepareforit,though.Thehardestpartwasmyoralpresentationfrommymemory,forreadingfromthepaperwa