大学英语课程考试阅读材料1级

大学英语课程考试阅读材料1级

Directions：Thereare30readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassage

isfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem

therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebest

answertoeachquestion.

Passage1:

Coldsareverycommon.Thesymptomsofthecommoncoldincludeasore

throat,runnynose,stuffed-upnose(鼻塞),andtiredness.Coldsare

causedbyviruses(病毒),butscientistscannotexplaintheexactcause.

Thereisnocure.Manypeople,however,believethattheyknowthecauses

ofandcuresforthecommoncold.Forexample,theybelievethatitis

possibletogetacoldifwegetchilled,ifwegetextratired,orif

wearetooclosetoapersonwithacold.Inotherwords,ifwewant

topreventcatchingcold,weshouldstaywarmanddry;weshouldavoid

gettingtootired,andweshouldnotbeinclosecontactwithpeople

whohavecolds.

Meanwhile,thereareprobablyhundredsof"cures"throughoutthe

worldforthecommoncold.Forexample,thefollowingsuggestionsare

popularinquiteanumberofsocieties:(1)drinkplentyofwater;(2)

getextrarest;(3)takealotofvitaminC,(4)takeaspirin;(5)keep

warm.

Eachyearpeoplespendalotofmoneyoncoldmedicines-pills,

liquids,lozenges(含片).Butthesemedicinesdonotcurecoldstheycan

onlyrelievecoldsymptoms.Inotherwords,theymakeusfeelbetter.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.lookingforthecommoncold

B.somefactsaboutthecommoncold

C.introducingsomepatients

D.newmedicinesforcuringthecommoncold

2.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewithcoldsfeel.

A.quietB.active

C.thirstyD.tired

3.Topreventcatchingcold,you.

A.shouldkeepawayfromapersonwhohasacold

B.shouldwashyourhairincoldweather

C.shouldgooutonarainyday

D.shouldmakeyourselftired

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTa〃cure〃forthecommoncold?

A.TakealotofvitaminC.

B.Drinkplentyofwater.

C.Putonasmanyclothesaspossible.

D.Getmorerest.

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecommoncold?

A.Scientistsareclosetofindingacureforcolds.

B.Therearehundredsofsymptomsofthecommoncold.

C.Manypeopleknowwhatcausesthecommoncold.

D.Therearenomedicinesthatcancurecolds.

Passage2:

Everyhumanbeing,nomatterwhatheisdoing,givesoffbodyheat.The

usualproblemisnowtogetridofit.ButthedesignersoftheJohnstown

campusoftheUniversityofPittsburghsetthemselvestheoppositeproblem

-howtocollectbodyheat.Theyhavedesignedacollectionsystemwhich

usesnotonlybodyheat,buttheheatgivenoffbysuchobjectsaslight

bulbs（灯;包）andrefrigerators（冰箱）aswell.Thesystemworkssowell

thatnofuelisneededtomakethecampus'ssixbuildingscomfortable.

Somepartsofmostmodernbuildings-theatersandofficesaswellas

classrooms-aremorethansufficientlyheatedbypeopleandlightsand

sometimesmustbeair-conditionedeveninwinter.Thetechniqueofsaving

heatandredistributingitiscalled"heatrecovery”.Afewmodern

buildingsrecoverheat,buttheUniversity，ssystemisthefirstto

recoverheatfrombuildingsandreuseitinothers.

Alongtheway,Pitthaslearnedagreatdealaboutsomeofitsproducers.

Theharderastudentstudies,themoreheathisbodygivesoff.Male

studentssendoutmoreheatthanfemalestudents,andthelargerastudent

is,themoreheatheproduces.Itistemptingtoconcludethatthehottest

prospectfortheJohnstowncampuswouldbeahard-workingoverweightmale

genius（天才）.

1.WhatischaracteristicofthebuildingsonJohnstowncampusofthe

UniversityofPittsburgh?

A.Theycollectbodyheattoregulatethetemperatureinside.

B.Theyaremorecomfortabletoliveinthanotherbuildings.

C.Theyuselightbulbstoheattheclassrooms.

D.Theyconsumelessfueltokeeptheclassroomscool.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thetechniqueofheatrecoveryisused

A.toprovideaspecialformofair-conditioninginthecity

B.toprovideheatforthehotwatersystem

C.tocollectheatandreuseit

D.tofindoutthesourceofheat

3.Thephrase"thehottestprospect"inthispassagerefersto.

A.thepersonwhosuffersmostfromheat

B.thepersonwhogivesoffmostheat

C.thepersonwhoneedsmoreheatthanothers

D.thepersonwhomakesbetteruseofbodyheat

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingthe

passage?

A.Theharderastudentworks,themoreheatheorsheproduces.

B.Thebiggerastudentis,themoreheatheorshesendsout.

C.・Alargeandhard-workingboystudentgivesoffthemostheat.

D.Agirlstudentsendsoutmoreheatthanaboystudent.

5.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.RecoveryofBodyHeat

B.BodyHeatandSex

C.ModernBuilding'sHeatSystem

D.WaysofHeatingBuildings

Passage3.

Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace.

Theamountofspaceapersonneedsaroundhimisaculturaldifference,

notaneconomicone.Knowingyourownpsychological（心理上的）spaceneeds

isimportantbecausetheystronglyaffectyourchoices,including,for

example,thenumberofbedroomsinthehome.Ifyouwerebroughtupin

atwo-childfamily,andbothyouandyoursisterorbrotherhadyourown

bedrooms,thechancesare,ifyouhavetwochildrenormore,thatyoualso

willofferseparatebedroomsforthem.InAmerica,forexample,theytrain

peopletowanttohavetheirownroomsbygivingthemtheirownroomswhen

theyarebabies.Thisisveryrareintheworld.Inmanyothercountries,

thebabysleepsinthesamebedwithhisparentsorinabednearthem.

Thespaceinthehomealsoshowsalotaboutpsychologicalspaceneeds.

Somefamiliesgatherclosertoeachotherandthesizeoftheirhousehas

nothingtodowithit.Othershaveseparatelittlecornerswherefamily

membersgotobealone.

Althoughitistruethatpsychologicalspaceneedsarenotdecided

byeconomicreasons,theysometimeshavetobechangedalittlebecause

ofeconomicpressures.Itisalmostimpossible,however,tocompletely

changeyourpsychologicalspaceneeds.

1.Thepassageischieflyconcernedwith.

A.Americanwayofliving

B.livingrequirementsindifferentcultures

C.livingconditionsindevelopedcountries

D.spaceandeconomicfactors

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theamountoflivingspaceapersonneeds

isdecidedby.

A.hisfinancialsituations

B.therelationshipbetweenthefamilymembers

C.hisculturalbackground

D.howmanyroomsthereareinhishouse

3.TheexampleofAmericanfamiliesseemstosuggestthat.

A.psychologicalspaceneedsaredevelopedwhenoneisveryyoung

B.Americansaremoreeagertobealonewhentheyareathome

C.itisadvisabletoletthebabysleepwithhisparents

D.itisadvisabletoletthebabysleepwithhissister

4.Somefamiliesgatherclosetoeachotherathomebecause.

A.itsatisfiestheirpsychologicalspaceneeds

B.theyhavenolivingspace

C.theyhavebeenbroughtupinasmallfamily

D.theyhavesmallcornersforthemselves

5.Accordingtotheauthor,psychologicalspaceneeds.

A.willchangegreatlyasone，sincomesarereduced

B.willchangeifyoumovetoasmallerhouse

C.canhardlybechangedaltogether

D.canbechangedatwill

Passage4.

Doyoubelievethatonlyboysdowellinscience?Doesitseemtoyou

thatgirlshavebettervocabulariesthanboys?Inyouropinion,areboys

betteratbuildingthings?Ifyouranswertoeachofthosequestionsis

“Yes,"youareright.

Ontheaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematical

reasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.Femalesshow

superiorabilityintestsmeasuringvocabulary,spelling,andmemory.

Itisknownthatbones,muscles（肌肉）andnerves（神经）develop

fasterinbabygirls.Usually,too,babygirlstalkatanearlieragethan

boysdo.Scientiststhinkthereisaphysicalreasonforthis.Theybelieve

thatthenerveendingsintheleftsideofthebraindevelopfasterin

girlsthaninboys.Anditisthissideofthebrainthatstrongly

influencesanindividual'sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember

things.

Bythetimetheystarttoschool,therefore,littlegirlshavean

advantagethatboysdonothave.Girlsarephysicallymorereadyto

rememberfacts,tospell,andtoread.These,ofcourse,areskillsthat

areimportantinelementaryschool.

Butwhathavetheboysbeendoingintheyearsbeforestartingschool?

Theyhavebeendevelopingsomethingcalledaggression（进攻）.An

aggressivepersonhascourageandenergy.Hefeelsstrongandindependent.

Heisoftenthefirstonetostartfight.

1.Scientistsbelievethatthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsare

determinedby___.

A)theirpersonalabilities

B)theirphysicalcondition

C)theircourageandindependence

D)theirageandsex

2.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?

A)Girlsrememberthingsmoreeasily.

B)Boysscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematical

reasoning.

C)Boysaremoreskillfulatbuildingthings.

D)Girlsarebetteratfactswhichmeasureproblemsolving

ability.

3.Accordingtothispassage,boysare.

A)morereadytospell

B)morereadytorememberfacts

C)strongerandmoreindependent

D)quickeratlearning

4.Theword"thi，(Para3)refersto.

A)thedifferencebetweenboysandgirls

B.theabilitytosolveproblems

C)thedevelopmentofbrains

D)theagewhenbabiesbegintotalk

5.Theauthor，sviewofthedifferencebetweenboysandgirlsis

basedon.

A)scientificfacts

B)personalexperience

C)socialbehaviors

D)logicalreasoning

Passage5:

ThirdWorldcountriesoftenmistakenlydecidedtopermitrapidindustrialization.

Whenthisindustrializationoccurs,manynewfactoriesopen,andworkersgetjobs.

Unfortunately,manyofthesenewjobsarenotpermanent.Theleadersofanindustry

wanttheirfactoriestobeasproductiveaspossible,andtheywilldoanythingto

achievethatgoal.Whenevertheycan,theytakeadvantageofautomation,which

meansthatworkersarereplacedbyamoreefficientmachine.Asaresult,aworker

trainedforaspecificfactoryjobbecomesunemployed,andtheprofitsofthefactory

ownersaremaximized.

ManyexpertsinThirdWorldeconomicsareconcernedaboutrapid

industrializationbecauseitbringsproblemsaswellasprogress.

Citizensofthesecountriesneedjobsthatwilllast,notjobsthatare

temporary.Intheopinionoftheseeconomists,theleadersofThirdWorld

countriesshouldbeawareofthedangersaswellastheadvantagesofrapid

industrialization.

1.TherapidindustrializationinThirdWorldcountriescouldmean

A)moreprogresstothestate

B)moreprofitstothefactoryowners

C)moreproblemstothegovernment

D)alloftheabove

2.Ofthefollowingfourpoints,whichonedoleadersofanindustry

considerfirst?

A)Morejobsfortheworkers.

B)Rapiddevelopmentinallthefields.

C)Betterpayfortheworkers.

D)Highestproductivity.

3.Accordingtothepassage,automationcouldleadto.

A)morejobsandthereforemorepay

B)fewermachinesandthereforemoreworkers

C)moremachinesandthereforefewerworkers

D)fewermachinesandthereforemoreworkers

4.Inthesentence“Citizensofthesecountriesneedjobsthatwill

last”(Para.2),theword“last”means.

A)followalltherest

B)goon

C)becomelate

D)bemostrecent

5.Theauthorwrotethepassageinorderto.

A)tellusaninterestingstory

B)revealafact

C)tellusthedisadvantagesofautomation

D)giveawarningtosomeThirdWorldcountries

Passage6:

Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobably

havetosaythatwecouldnotremember.Butifwehadkeptabookandhadwrittenin

itanaccountofwhatwedideachday,weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothe

question.

Itisthesameinhistory.Manythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonot

haveanywrittenaccountofthem.Sometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemost

importanthappeningsintheircountry,butoftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.

Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethepeopleofthattime

andplacedidnotknowhowtowrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthe

peoplewholivedinChina4,000yearsagobecausetheycouldwriteandleave

writtenrecordsforthosewholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthe

peoplewholivedeven200yearsagoincentralAfrica,becausetheyhadnotlearned

towrite.

Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomething

ofthepast.Theyhaveheardaboutitfromolderpeople,andoftensongsanddances

andstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthemostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeen

sungandactedandtoldformanygenerations.Formostpeopleareproudtotellwhat

theirfathersdidinthepast.Thiswemaycall"rememberedhistory.^^Someofithas

nowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,

becausewordsaremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeech

thanwhencopiedinwriting.Butwheretherearenowrittenrecords,suchspoken

storiesareoftenveryhelpful.

1.Whichofthefollowingideasisnotconveyedinthepassage?

A)""Rememberedhistory”，comparedwithwrittenhistory,islessreliable.

B)Writtenrecordsofthepastplaysamostimportantroleinourlearningof

thehumanhistory.

C)Awrittenaccountofourdailyactivitieshelpsustoanswersome

questions.

D)Wheretherearenowrittenrecords,thereisnohistory.

2.WeknowverylittleaboutthecentralAfrica200yearsagobecause

A)therewasnothingworthbeingwrittendownatthattime

B)thepeoplethereignoredtheimportanceofkeepingarecord

C)thewrittenrecordswereperhapsdestroyedbyafire

D)thepeopletherehadnotknownhowtowrite

3,“Rememberedhistory^^(Line6,Para,3)refersto.

A)historybasedonaperson'simagination

B)storiesofimportanthappeningspasseddownfrommouthtomouth

C)songsanddancesaboutthemostimportantevents

D)bothB)andC)

4.“Rememberedhistory“isregardedasvaluableonlywhen.

A）itiswrittendown

B）nowrittenaccountisavailable

C）itprovestobetrue

D）peopleareinterestedinit

5.Itcanbeinferred（推论）fromthepassagethatwecouldhavelearnedmuch

moreaboutourpastthanwedonowifourancestors（祖先）had.

A）keptawrittenrecordofeverypastevent

B）notburnttheirwrittenrecordsinwars

C）toldexactstoriesofthemostimportanthappenings

D）mademoresongsanddances

Passage7:

Thewaterlevelofoceansrisesandfallsalternately（交替地）twiceaday.This

movementofwateriscalledthetide（潮汐）.Tidesarecausedbythepullofthesun

andthemoonontheearth'ssurface;sincethemooniscloser,itaffectsthetidesmore

thanthesun.Whenthemoonisdirectlyoverhead,itactuallypullsonthewaterthatis

belowit.Thiscausesthewaterleveltorisebecausethewaterispulledawayfromthe

earth.Asthemoondisappears（消失）overthehorizon（地平线），thepulllessensand

thewaterlevelsettlesbacktowardstheoceanbottom.

Whenthewaterreachesitshighestlevel,wehavehightide.Andwhenthewater

comestoitslowestlevel,wehavelowtide.Fromitslowestpoint,thewaterrises

graduallyforaboutsixhoursuntilitreacheshightide.Thenitbeginstofall

continuouslyforaboutsixhoursuntilitreacheslowtide.Thenthecyclebeginsagain.

1.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?

A)TheMoonandOceans.

B)TheMoonandtheTide

C)WaterLevels

D)ThePulloftheMoonandtheSun

2.Thepullofthemoonontheearth'ssurfaceisstrongerthanthatofthesun

because

A)themoonisdirectlyovertheearth

B)themoonpullsthewaterawayfromtheearth

C)themoonisclosertotheearth

D)themoonmovesaroundtheearth

3.Waterlevelreachesitslowpointwhen.

A)themoonishiddenbyclouds

B)themoon'seffectisindirect

C)themoonmovesfaraway

D)thesunisoverhead

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A)Weathersometimesaffectstides.

B)Theforcedirectlyaffectingtheearth'ssurfacecomesfromthemoononly

C)Theeffectofthesunontheoceanwatercanbeneglected

D）Tidesaretheresultofthepullofthemoonandthesun.

5.Inthesentence“Asthemoondisappearsoverthehorizon,thepulllessens...9,

（Line6,Para.1）,thewordlessensmostprobablymeans.

A）risesB）arrives

C）decreasesD）spreads

Passage8:

Theide。/（理想的）teachermaybeyoungorold,tallorshort,fatorthin.He

shouldknowhissubject,buthecanmakemistakesifheiswillingtolearn.His

personality（人格）isasimportantashisscholarship（学识）.Theidealteachermust

beenthusiastic（热'信的）.Hemustneverteachanythinghehimselfisnotinterestedin.

Heshouldbeabitofanactorandheshouldnotbeafraidtoshowhisfeelingsand

expresshislikesanddislikes.Hemustlikehisstudentsandrespectthem,buthemust

alsorespecthimselfandtakeprideinhiswork.Otherwise,hecannotrespecthis

studentsandwinrespectfromthem.Theidealteachershouldhaveanunderstanding

ofhisstudentsandbeabletorelatetothem.Heneedsstudents'understanding,too.

Theidealteachershouldbekind,encouraging,andhelpfulandheshouldmotivate（激

发）hisstudentstoseek（探索）knowledge.Theidealteachershouldseehisstudents

asindividuals（个人）andacknowledge（承认）theirdifferences.Hemustknowhow

toencouragetheself-developmentandgrowthofeachofhisstudents.Theideal

teacherisonewhogrows,learns,andimproveshimselfalongwithhisstudents.

Sowhatabouttheteachersaroundyou?

1.Whichofthefollowingistheleastimportantinjudginganidealteacher

accordingtothepassage?

A）Hisageandappearance.

B）Hisscholarship.

C)Hispersonality.

D)Hisattitudetowardshisstudents.

2.Cananidealteachermakemistakes?

A)No.Heshouldbeverycarefulnottomakeanymistakes.

B)Yes.Becausenoonecanbeperfect.

C)No.Heshouldalwaysbetheauthoritytohisstudents.

D)Yes.Butheshouldbewillingtolearn.

3.Whatrelationshipshouldbesetupbetweenanidealteacherandhisstudents

accordingtothepassage?

A)Mutualrespectandunderstanding.

B)Mutualencouragementandhelp.

C)Mutualaidandajfection(慈爱)

D)Mutualsupportandinspiration(激励)

4.Anidealteacherviewshisstudents.

A)as/He〃加d(有才能的)youngpeople

B)asdifferentfromeachother

C)asself-centeredindividuals

D)asunderstanding,respectfulindividuals

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A)Anidealteachershouldalwayssetanexampleforhisstudents.

B）Teachersandstudentsbenefitfromeachotherintheprocessofteaching

andlearning

C）Studentsshouldneverexpecttheirteacherstobeideal.

D）Thosewhoaretryingtoimprovethemselvesconstantly（不断地）are

idealteachers.

Passage9:

TheGoldenGateBridgejoinsthebeautifulcityofSanFranciscowith

thesuburbstothenorth.Eachday,aboutonehundredthousandautomobiles

crossthebridgetakingpeopletoandfromthecity.Fullyhalfofthem

crossthebridgeduringthemorningandeveningrushhours;withtraffic

soheavy,thetripishardlyapleasure.

Now,however,thereisatleastonegroupofhappycommuters.These

arethepeoplewhotravelunderthebridgeinsteadofonit.Theygoto

workbyboatandenjoyitsomuchthatmostofthemsaytheywillnever

gobycaragain.

Theferry（渡船）theytakeistheroomy,quiet,comfortable“Golden

Gate”.Commuterscanenjoythesunondeck.Inthemorningtheycanhave

breakfastinthecoffeeshop,andintheeveningtheycanorderadrink

inthebarwhilewatchingSanFrancisco'sfamousskylineandthenearby

hills.

Thetriptakesonlythirtyminutesandisnotverycostly.Butbest

ofall,beingonaboatseemstomakepeoplefriendliertowardeachother.

Therehasalreadybeenamarriageoftwocommuterswhometonthe“Golden

Gate”.

Becausetheexperimenthasbeensuccessful,thereareplanstouse

other,stilllargerboats.Thereisalsoaproposalforahigh-speedboat

thatwillmakethetripinfifteenminutes.

1.WhenaretherushhoursontheGoldenGateBridge?

A)From6:00a.m.to6:00p.m.

B)Around6:00a.m.and6:00p.m.

C)Eachdayfromspringtofall.

D)Inthemorningandatnoon.

2.Accordingtothepassage,.

A)itisanicethingtotravelintherushhoursontheGoldenGate

Bridge

B)itisveryhappyforpeopletogotoworktotravelontheGolden

Gate

C)thepeopleonthebridgeareverypleasedtowatchSanFrancisco,s

famousskylineandthenearbyhills

D)fullyhalfofthepeoplecrosstheriveronthebridgeinsteadof

underit

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A)Thetriptakesonlyhalfanhourandishardlypleased.

B)Aboveall,beingonaboatseemstomakepeoplefriendliertoward

eachother.

C)Everyoneisnothappytogetbackandforthfaster.

D)Touseahigh-speedboatisagoodideaforpeoplewhogotowork

byboat.

4.Whatismostprobablythemeaningoftheword“commuter”?

A)Apersonwhotravelscar.

B)Apersonwhotravelsbyboat.

C)Apersonwhocrossesarivereveryday.

D)Apersonwhomakesregularjourneyofsomedistancebetweenhome

andwork.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthetitleofthispassage?

A)TheGoldenGateBridge.

B)TheHappyWaytoGettoWork.

C)PleasureTrip.

D)TheHopetoCrosstheBridgeQuickly.

Passage10.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledor

seriouslyinjuredeachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhourit

isthesameasfallingfromathird-floorwindow.Wearingaseatbeltsaves

lives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.

Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehicles

mustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto£50.It

willnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwill

bethedriver，sresponsibilitytomakesurethatchildrenunder14donot

rideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingaseatbeltofsomekind.

However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing

yourvehicle;oryouaremakingalocaldeliveryorcollectionusinga

specialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcuses

youfromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstancesapplytoyoubefore

youdecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourt

fornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourt

thatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

1.Thistextistakenfrom.

A.amedicalmagazine

B.apolicereport

Calegaldocument

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet

2.Wearingaseatbeltinavehicle.

A.reducesroadaccidentsbymorethanhalf

B.savesliveswhiledrivingataspeedupto