广东省湛江市2025届高三英语上学期调研测试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE23广东省湛江市2025届高三英语上学期调研测试试题（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATajMahal,IndiaTajMahalmeans“CrownofthePalaces".Itsconstructionbeganin1632andtook21years,andthetotalcostcameoutto32millionrupees,whichequalsmorethaneighthundredmillionUSD.TheprojectwasoverseenbyaboardofarchitectsledbyUstadAhmadLahauri.HungarianParliamentBuilding,HungarySevenyearsafterthecityofBudapestwasestablished,theparliamentofHungary,calledtheHungarianDiet,wantedabuildingconstructedtorepresentthenation'ssovereignty(主权）．Thebuilding'sconstruction,whichtook19yearstocomplete,required100,000peopleandincluded40millionbricks,500,000preciousstones,and88poundsofgold.ChateaudeChambord,FranceThemixtureofFrenchmedievalandRenaissancearchitecturetook28yearstocomplete(thoughneverfully)andoriginallyservedasahuntinglodgeforKingFrancisI.AlthoughthestructurewasconsideredtobedesignedbyDomenicodaCortana,itissaidthatLeonardodaVinciwasalsoinvolved.SaintsPeterandPaulCathedral.RussiaTheoldestlandmarkinRussia'sSt.Petersburgisalsothelocationoftheworld'stallestreligiousbelltowerat122meterstall.Thecathedralwasbuiltbetween1712and1733,designedbyDomenicoTrezziniundertheruleroftheRussianempireatthetime,PetertheGreat.1.WhywasHungarianParliamentBuildingbuilt?A.Toprovidethekingwithaplacetolivein.B.Toshowthepowerofthenation.C.Toserveasahuntingplace.D.Tobealandmark.2.Whichofthefollowingtookthelongesttimetobuild?A.TajMahal.B.HungarianParliamentBuilding.C.ChateaudeChambord.D.SaintsPeterandPaulCathedral.3.Whereistheworld'stallestreligiousbelltower?A.InIndia.B.InHungary.C.InFrance.D.InRussia.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文分别介绍了印度的泰姬陵、匈牙利议会大厦、法国香波堡、俄罗斯的圣彼得和保罗大教堂的建筑历史及特色。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“HungarianParliamentBuilding,Hungary(匈牙利议会大厦)”小标题下的“SevenyearsafterthecityofBudapestwasestablished,theparliamentofHungary,calledtheHungarianDiet,wantedabuildingconstructedtorepresentthenation’ssovereignty.(布达佩斯市成立7年后，匈牙利议会希望建立一座代表国家主权的建筑)”可知，匈牙利议会大厦是代表国家主权的建筑。因此，匈牙利议会大厦的建立是因为B项“Toshowthepowerofthenation.(以显示国家的权力)”符合题意，故选B项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一小节“TajMahalmeans“CrownofthePalaces".Itsconstructionbeganin1632andtook21years(泰姬陵是指“宫殿的皇冠”。其建设始于1632年，历时21年)”以及其次小节“Thebuilding’sconstruction,whichtook19yearstocomplete(该建筑建成历时19年)”以及第三小节“ThemixtureofFrenchmedievalandRenaissancearchitecturetook28yearstocomplete(法国香波堡是中世纪和文艺复兴时期建筑的结合，用28年时间才完成)”以及第四小节“Thecathedralwasbuiltbetween1712and1733(大教堂建于1712年至1733年间)”可知，泰姬陵历时21年完成，圣彼得和保罗大教堂历时19年完成，法国卢瓦尔河香波城堡用了28年建成，圣彼得和保罗大教堂花了21年建成，其中，法国香波堡的建成历时时间是最长的。因此，以下须要最长的时间来建立的是C项“ChateaudeChambord(香波堡)”符合题意，故选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“TheoldestlandmarkinRussia’sSt.Petersburgisalsothelocationoftheworld’stallestreligiousbelltowerat122meterstall.(俄罗斯圣彼得堡最古老地标也是世界最高的宗教钟楼所在地，高122米)”可知，俄罗斯圣彼得堡是世界上最高的宗教钟楼。因此，世界上最高的宗教钟楼所在地是D项“InRussia.(在俄罗斯)”符合题意。故选D项。BAfterwatchingStanford'sgraduationcelebrationonline,Farrowtooktosocialmediatoannouncethemilestonetoherfollowers.“Igraduatedfromcollegetoday.First-generation,low-income,andfirstfrommytribe(部落)tograduatefromStanford,"sheposted.Themessagequicklyattractedthousandsoflikesandcomments.Farrowsaidshewasshockedbythesuddenfame.“Ididn'tknowhowtoreact,”shesaid."So,IkindofkeptitasecretforaslongasIcould."Butthatprovedtobeeasiersaidthandone.Farrow'shomeisontheUmatillaIndianReservationinthecountrysideofOregon.Thereservationissmallandhometoabout3,500membersoftheConfederatedTribesoftheUmatilla.Growinguptherewasn'talwayseasy.Fewresidentsattendcollege,andmanyarelow-incomeandfacehealthchallenges.＂LikemostreservationsintheUnitedStates,wehavealotofhealthdisparities（差异）thatrangefrommentalhealth,physicalhealthandspiritualhealth,"shesaid."Iwantedtobreakthatcycleforthebettermentofmyselfandthefuturegenerationsandmycommunity."Growingup,Farrowthrewherselfintoacademicsandschoolactivities.SheattendedalocaltribalhighschoolandearnedtheGatesMillenniumScholarship,afullacademicscholarshipforminoritystudents.AtStanford,Farrowmajoredinpsychologywithaconcentrationinhealthanddevelopment.Shehadinitiallyplannedtopursueamedicalcareerandbecomeadoctorbuthasdecidedtoapplytograduateschoolthisfalltopursueamaster'sdegreeinpublichealth.Shehopestospendhercareerworkingtoimprovehealthoutcomesforlocalpeople.Farrowsaidherexperienceinthereservationhasprovidedasolidfoundationforherfuture.“IwillrememberthefouryearsIspentatStanfordandI'mreallyexcitedtoseewhatisnext,"shesaid.4.WhywasFarrow'sgraduationunusual?A.Farrowkeptitfromothers.B.Itwasbroadcastonsocialmedia.C.Itreceivedconsiderableattention.D.Farrowfailedtoattenditscelebration.5.WhatcanweknowaboutFarrow'shometown?A.It'sabackwardarea.B.It'savastreservation.C.Itlacksaccesstoeducation.D.Ittakeshealthveryseriously.6.What'sFarrow'splanforhernextstep?A.Tobecomeadoctor.B.Tofurtherherstudies.C.Tostartworkinginherhometown.D.Toearnagraduateschoolscholarship.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NoPains,NoGainsB.TheRoadtoaKeyUniversityC.StanfordGraduateShockedtheWebD.BreakingLimitation,AttainingSuccess【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了来自俄勒冈州乡村的Umatilla印第安人保留地的Farrow凭借自己的努力顺当从斯坦福高校毕业的故事。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段“Themessagequicklyattractedthousandsoflikesandcomments.Farrowsaidshewasshockedbythesuddenfame.”（这条消息很快吸引了数千人点赞和评论。法罗说，她对这一突如其来的名声感到震惊。）可知，Farrow在社交媒体上发布了自己毕业的消息后，得到了很多的喜爱和评论，她自己也感到很震惊，使得她的毕业很不同寻常。故选C。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段“Fewresidentsattendcollege,andmanyarelow-incomeandfacehealthchallenges.”（居民中几乎没有人上高校，很多人都是低收入人群，面临着健康方面的挑战。）和文章第三段“＂LikemostreservationsintheUnitedStates,wehavealotofhealthdisparities（差异）thatrangefrommentalhealth,physicalhealthandspiritualhealth,"shesaid."Iwantedtobreakthatcycleforthebettermentofmyselfandthefuturegenerationsandmycommunity."”（她说:“像美国大多数保留地一样，我们在心理健康、身体健康和精神健康方面存在着很多差异。我想要打破这种循环，为了我自己、子孙后代和我的社区更好。”）可知，在Farrow的家乡很少有人上高校，收入很低且面临很多健康问题，因此可以推断其家乡比较落后。故选A。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“hasdecidedtoapplytograduateschoolthisfalltopursueamaster'sdegreeinpublichealth”（确定今年秋天申请探讨生院攻读公共卫生硕士学位）可知，Farrow准备接着深造。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据第三段“Iwantedtobreakthatcycleforthebettermentofmyselfandthefuturegenerationsandmycommunity.”我想要打破这种循环，为了我自己、子孙后代和我的社区更好。本文主要介绍了来自贫困落后地区的Farrow从小努力学习获得奖学金,后胜利从Stanford毕业，并且决心接着深造，因此D“突破局限，获得胜利”为短文的最佳标题。故选D。CAsharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundstrange.However,thatispreciselyhowthefournewspeciesofthefish-foundinthewatersoftheIndo-Australianislands-moveacrosstheseafloor.Theuniqueoceananimalswerediscoveredbyateamofscientists,ledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia'sUniversityofQueensland.Thenewly-foundspeciesbelongtothegenusHemiscyllium,thesamefamilyasthepreviouslyknownfivespecies.Atlessthanameterlongonaverage,muchshorterthanmostknownspecies,walkingsharksareincrediblycutelittleanimalsandpresentnothreattopeople.Theyhaveallevolved(进化）tosurviveinlowoxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytoliveinlowoxygenenvironmentsgivesthemaremarkableadvantageovertheunsuspectingsmalleranimalstheymainlyfeedon.ADNAanalysisofskinpiecefromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheirswimmingbrothersandsistersaboutninemillionyearsagoandbecameadistinctspecies.Thoughthatmayappeartobealongtimeago,itisrelativelyrecentgiventhatsharkshavebeenaroundformorethan400millionyears.Infact,DudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth!Thescientistssaythatthesharks'smallnumberandshallowhabitatmakethemextremelyvulnerabletonaturaldisastersandoverfishing.Threeoftheninewalkingsharkspecies,allofwhichliveinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia,easternIndonesia,andneartheislandofNewGuinea,arecurrentlyontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedList,whichlistsspeciesatrisk.Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.8.What'sacharacteristicofthenewly-foundsharkspecies?A.They'redangeroustohuman.B.Theyswimacrosstheseafloor.C.Theycansurvivewithoutoxygen.D.They'resmallerthanmanyotherspecies.9.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A.Peoplehavelongknownwalkingsharks.B.Walkingsharksaretheoldestoftheirkind.C.Researcherslearnalotfromthesharks'habitats.D.Walkingsharksarecloselylinkedtoswimmingsharks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Easytobehurt.B.Hardtogetalongwith.C.Fondofattacking.D.Pickyabouttheenvironment.11.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toeducate.B.Toinform.C.Toadvertise.D.Toargue.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一个科学家小组发觉了新物种行走鲨鱼，进而介绍了这种鲨鱼的一些特点，这是地球上最年轻的一种鲨鱼。鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅，这使它们极易受到自然灾难和过度捕捞的影响。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Atlessthanameterlongonaverage,muchshorterthanmostknownspecies,walkingsharksareincrediblycutelittleanimalsandpresentnothreattopeople.行走鲨鱼平均不到一米长，比大多数已知物种都要短得多，它们是一种特别可爱的小动物，对人类没有威逼。”可知行走鲨鱼比很多其他物种都小。故答案为D。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中的“ADNAanalysisofskinpiecefromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheirswimmingbrothersandsistersaboutninemillionyearsagoandbecameadistinctspecies.对活鱼皮肤的DNA分析表明，行走的鲨鱼大约在900万年前脱离了它们的游泳兄弟姐妹，成为了一个独特的物种。”可以推断出行走鲨鱼与游泳鲨鱼DNA相像度很高，以至于科学家推断出行走鲨鱼大约在900万年前脱离了它们的游泳兄弟姐妹，由此推知，行走鲨鱼和游泳的鲨鱼有着亲密的联系。故答案为D。【10题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线词前一部分中的“thesharks'smallnumberandshallowhabitat鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅”、后一部分“naturaldisastersandoverfishing自然灾难和过度捕捞”和下文“...arecurrentlyontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedList,whichlistsspeciesatrisk.……目前被列入了国际自然爱护联盟的濒危物种红色名单。”可以推断出鲨鱼数量少、栖息地浅使其很简单受到自然灾难和过度捕捞的威逼，进而成为濒危物种，回到划线词所在句子,比照分析,可知划线词有“简单受到威逼、损害等”意思。故答案为A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段“However,thatispreciselyhowthefournewspeciesofthefish-foundinthewatersoftheIndo-Australianislands-moveacrosstheseafloor.Theuniqueoceananimalswerediscoveredbyateamofscientists,ledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia'sUniversityofQueensland.”（然而，这正是在印度-澳大利亚群岛水域发觉的四种新鱼类在海底移动的方式。这种独特的海洋动物是由澳大利亚昆士兰高校的克里斯汀·达吉恩博士领导的一个科学家小组发觉的。）结合全文内容，可知文章的主要内容是：一个科学家小组发觉了新物种行走鲨鱼，进而介绍了这种鲨鱼的一些特点，这是地球上最年轻的一种鲨鱼。鲨鱼数量少，栖息地浅，这使它们极易受到自然灾难和过度捕捞的影响。结合文章的主要内容,可知本文是一篇说明文，故文章的写作目的主要是说明、告知。故答案为B。DAsagreenhousegas,carbondioxide-orCO2-helpswarmtheatmosphere.Buttoomuchofthatgashasbeendrivinganatmosphericfever.Recently,ateamofresearchersfoundawaytoturnCO2intoausefulproduct.TheresearchersareturningCO2intoethanol(乙醇)whichisoftenaddedtogasoline.Althoughaddingethanolreducestheenergyingasoline,itoffersanicetradeoff:ithelpsgasolineburnmorecleanly.SomakingethanolfromCO2wouldbebetterfortheenvironment.Todothat,theresearchersdevelopedabrand-newcatalyst(催化剂)whichcouldacceleratethechemicalreaction.Withit,thevoltage(电压)neededtostartthenewCO2-to-ethanolreactionisfarlessthanwhat'sneededtostartsimilarreactions.Andalthoughchemicalreactionsoftenmakemanyunwantedbyproducts,thisnewonedoesnot.Morethan90percentofthefinalproductisethanol.Thenewcatalystusesabedofcarbontosupportcopperatoms(铜原子).Thosecopperatomsarespreadout.Whenelectricityrunsthroughthecatalyst,copperatomsjoinup,forminggroupsof3or4atoms.ByfiringpowerfulX-raysatthem,theresearchteamcould“monitorthechemicalreactionasithappens”.Thoseatomgroupsactivatethecatalyst,helpingtheCO2reactwithwater.TheCO2nowdividesintocarbonandoxygenatoms.Andthewaterdividesintohydrogenandoxygenatoms.Allofthesefreedatomsnowrearrangethemselvestoformethanol.Althoughmanyscientistsdescribethenewprocessas“verycool”,theyarestillabitskeptical.“Acloserlookatthereactionisneeded,”chemistAnnaKlinkovasays.“Itcouldbemorecomplexthanwhatispresented.”Theresearchersarecontinuingtoexperimentwiththenewprocess.Theyalsohopetomakeotherusefulmaterialsfromcarbondioxide.“That'swhythenewstudyisn'tafinalstep,”aresearchersays.“Thisisjustthebeginningofthislongresearchjourney.”12.Whyisethanoladdedtogasoline?A.Tomakedrivinglesscostly.B.ToturnCO2intocleanenergy.C.Toreducethegasolineconsumption.D.Tolessentheharmofgasolineburning.13.What'stheadvantageofthenewcatalyst?A.ItgivesofflittleCO2.B.Itisenvironment-friendly.C.Itincreasestheoutputrate.D.Itlowersthevoltageinthereaction.14.Howcanresearchersobservethereactionprocess?A.ByusingX-rays.B.BydividingCO2.C.Byjoiningupcopperatoms.D.ByrearrangingtheatomsinCO2.15.What'sAnnaKlinkova'sattitudetothenewprocess?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Negative.D.Particular.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】本文是说明文。探讨人员将二氧化碳转化为乙醇添加到汽油中帮助汽油更清洁地燃烧，用二氧化碳制造乙醇对环境更有利。文章介绍了这种新催化剂的工作原理和对此不同的观点。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“Althoughaddingethanolreducestheenergyingasoline,itoffersanicetradeoff:ithelpsgasolineburnmorecleanly”(虽然加入乙醇削减了汽油中的能量，但它供应了一个不错的折中:它帮助汽油更清洁地燃烧。)可知在汽油中添加乙醇是为了让汽油清洁燃烧，削减汽油燃烧的危害。故选D。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“Andalthoughchemicalreactionsoftenmakemanyunwantedbyproducts,thisnewonedoesnot.Morethan90percentofthefinalproductisethanol.”(虽然化学反应常常会产生很多多余的副产品，但这个新的催化剂不会。90%以上的最终产品是乙醇。)可知新催化剂的优点是提高了产出率。故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“ByfiringpowerfulX-raysatthem,theresearchteamcould‘monitorthechemicalreactionasithappens’.”(通过向它们放射强x射线，探讨小组可以‘监测化学反应的发生’)可知探讨人员通过运用x射线来视察反应过程。故选A。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中“Althoughmanyscientistsdescribethenewprocessas‘verycool’,theyarestillabitskeptical.”和AnnaKlinkova所说的“Acloserlookatthereactionisneeded”可知尽管很多科学家称这个新过程“特别酷”，但他们仍旧有点怀疑。AnnaKlinkova认为还须要更细致地视察这个反应。由此推知AnnaKlinkova对新过程持怀疑看法，故选B。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GreenLivingSolutionsforSmallBudgetsThereareplentyofmajorenvironmentalchangesyoucanmakewhenyouhaveanunlimitedbudget.___16___Makeafewsmall,inexpensivechangestocutyourcarbonfootprintandsavesomemoneyintheprocess.___17___Itmightmakethebiggesteco-change.Livinginthesmallestamountofsquarefootagethatworksforyourfamilymeansyou'llneedlessheat,haveroomforlessstuff,andaremorelikelytofindahomeinanurbanareathatletsyoulivewithoutacar.Wanttocutyourhomeutilitybill(水电账单）？___18___Wearanothersweatertostaycozyevenafteryoudropthetemperatureafewdegrees.Youcanalsoinvest(投资）inahigh-techsystemthatwillautomaticallyadjusttheheatwhenyou'reoutofthehouse.It'scostlybutcansaveyourmoneyinthelongrun.Maybesellingyourcaraltogetherisn'tentirelypractical,butcuttingoutthenumberoftripsyoutakeinitisaneasywaytosavemoney.Investinausedbike,buyapublictransitpass,andplanyourweekendtripsaccordingtoneighborhoods.___19___Growingallyourfoodcanendupbeingamajorinvestment.___20___Spendafewdollarsonseedsanddirt,andyou'llhavefreshandfreevegetabledishes.A.Thenturndowntheheat.B.Justkeepitsimpleandaffordable.C.Butnotallthebigimpactscomefrombigspending.D.Eachcanhelpyousaveongasandotherrelatedcosts.E.Thishasprovedeffectiveinvariousaspectsofyourlife.F.Themosteffectivewayistostartwiththesizeofyourhome.G.Butevenasmallgardencanhelpyoucutyourbudgetonfood.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.D20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于小预算的绿色生活解决方法。【16题详解】空前一句讲的是在预算足够的状况下，人们可以做很多变更环境的事情。空后一句讲在节约资金的状况下做出小的变更。C项“但并非全部的重大影响都来自于巨额支出”能将空前后句的意思连接起来，与前一句形成转折关系，引出下文用少量的预算作出变更的话题。故选C项。【17题详解】空处位于句首，是本段主题句，依据本段最终一句“Livinginthesmallestamountofsquarefootagethatworksforyourfamilymeansyou'llneedlessheat,haveroomforlessstuff,andaremorelikelytofindahomeinanurbanareathatletsyoulivewithoutacar.(居住在适合你的家庭的最小面积意味着你须要更少的热量，拥有更少的空间来放置更少的东西，而且更有可能在市区找到一个可以让你不用汽车生活的房子)”可知，本段主要介绍房子小一点会帮助人们节约，因此F项“最有效的方法是从你家的大小起先”符合语境，故选F项。【18题详解】本段主要介绍节约水电杂费，结合空后一句提到温度调低后，人们可以再穿一件毛衣保暖可知，空处应是讲解并描述节约用电，把供暖系统温度调低，因此A项“把温度调低”符合语境，A项中“turndowntheheat”与空后一句中“dropthetemperatureafewdegrees”呼应，故选A项。【19题详解】空处位于句尾，是总结本段内容，空前建议了三种详细的出行方式，所以D项“每一种都可以帮你节约汽油和其他相关费用”为总结上述三种出行方式，故选D项。【20题详解】依据空前一句“Growingallyourfoodcanendupbeingamajorinvestment.(种植全部的食物最终会成为一个大的投资)”可知，本段主要介绍自己种植一些食物，结合空后一句中“Spendafewdollarsonseedsanddirt(花几美元买些种子和土)”可知，空处应是建议种植少量的食物蔬菜，所以G项“但即使是小的菜园也能帮你削减食物预算”符合语境，故选G项。【点睛】其次部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。＂I'mmeetingMehrabafterI'mdoneatthesoupkitchentomorrow.We'regoingtothemuseum,"mysonStepheninformedme.LastweekStephen___21___asoccer-relatedpurchase.Iagreedbutremindedhimthathe'dhaveto___22___it.SincenothingneededdoinginthehouseIsuggestedthathe___23___foravoluntaryjobatthesoupkitcheninourcity.I'dvolunteered___24___atthesoupkitchenwithmysonwhenhewasyounger.Itwasagood___25___tothelargerworldofourcity.Somepeoplewhocomeare___26___bikemessengers.Theyareableto___27___houserentonlybecausetheygetafree___28___eachweekday.Othersarehomeless.Althoughnoisyandbusy,thekitchenisrun___29___,andrulesaregentlyenforced.Sometimesallyoudoiscuttinguproastturkeys.Othertimesyou____30____tablesfortwohours.OnceStephenhandedoutvouchers(抵用券）forhaircutsandmake-uptohelppeoplehaveasenseof____31____andgotojobinterviews____32____.Throughthe____33____,Stephendeepenedhisunderstandingofthecityandlife.Tomorrowmysonwillbe____34____atthesoupkitcheninthemorningandlatergoingtothecitymuseumwithhisfriend.Tome,that'swhatourcityisabout:being____35____toitscultureoneverylevel.21.A.proved B.reported C.requested D.decided22.A.earn B.reserve C.donate D.value23.A.wait B.apply C.advertise D.run24.A.organization B.arrangements C.advice D.services25.A.access B.admission C.barrier D.solution26.A.easy-going B.young C.hard-working D.poor27.A.charge B.pay C.raise D.calculate28.A.meal B.ride C.time D.gift29.A.independently B.privately C.efficiently D.publicly30.A.pickout B.breakdown C.findout D.wipedown31.A.dignity B.duty C.security D.purpose32.A.personally B.frequently C.successfully D.confidently33.A.exercises B.jobs C.changes D.rewards34.A.cooking B.eating C.working D.partying35.A.devoted B.exposed C.admitted D.attached【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.C35.B【解析】本文为记叙文。作者建议儿子并且和儿子一起参与志愿者工作，这不但能够让儿子挣钱买自己喜爱的东西，作者认为更重要的是通过做义工能够接触到各个层面的文化，加深对这个城市和生活的了解。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，Stephen要求购买足球相关的东西。A.proved证明；B.reported报告；C.requested恳求；D.decided确定。依据后一句中“Iagreed”可知，Stephen“恳求”买东西。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意了，但提示他必需自己去挣得。A.earn挣得；B.reserve预定；C.donate捐赠；D.value重视。依据下文内容可知，作者要求Stephen去做志愿工作来“挣”钱。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然家里没有什么事要做，我建议他到我们城市的施粥场去申请一份志愿者工作。A.wait(for)等候；B.apply(for)申请；C.advertise(for)登广告征求某物；D.run(for)竞选。做志愿工作须要“申请”。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我儿子还小的时候，我就和他一起在施粥场做义工。A.organization组织；B.arrangements支配；C.advice建议；D.services服务。依据下文可知，作者和Stephen都在施粥场做过志愿服务工作。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个进入我们城市更大世界的很好途径。A.access途径；B.admission进入；C.barrier障碍；D.solution解决方案。依据下文介绍的见闻和工作内容可知，在soupkitchen是更好地了解城市的更广袤的世界的“途径”。故选A。26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到这里来的有些人是贫困的自行车快递员。A.easy-going随和的；B.young年轻的；C.hard-working勤劳的；D.poor贫困的。依据下一句“他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭”可知，这些bikemessengers是贫困的。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭。A.charge索费；B.pay支付；C.raise上升，筹集；D.calculate核算。依据下文“Othersarehomeless还有的是无家可归的人”可知，此处谈到的人能够“支付”房租，故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们能够支付房子租金仅仅是因为他们每个工作日能得到一份免费的饭。A.meal饭；B.ride搭车；C.time时间；D.gift礼物。结合常识可知，在施粥场能得到免费的饭，故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然厨房很吵很忙，但它运转得很有效率，各项规则都执行有序。A.independently独立地；B.privately私自；C.efficiently有效地；D.publicly公开地。依据前半句的让步状语“Althoughnoisyandbusy尽管这里嘈杂且劳碌”可知，作者要表达的是这个地方运行良好。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：其他时候，你会花两个小时擦桌子。A.pickout选择出；B.breakdown分解；C.findout查明；D.wipedown擦干净。依据上文“Sometimesallyoudoiscuttinguproastturkeys”对施粥场工作内容的描述可知，此处用“擦”桌子最合理。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stephen曾经发放理发和化妆品的代金券，帮助人们树立尊严，自信地去面试。A.dignity尊严；B.duty义务；C.security平安；D.purpose目的。Stephen做的是助人的志愿工作，因此发放理发和化妆品的抵用券应当是帮助经济困难的人们，让他们可以穿戴整齐，感受到尊严。故选A。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Stephen曾经发放理发和化妆品的代金券，帮助人们树立尊严，自信地去面试。A.personally亲自；B.frequently频繁地；C.successfully胜利地；D.confidently自信地。结合常识可知，此处指让无家可归者整齐地去面试，这样他们也会更有自信。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些工作，Stephen加深了他对这个城市和生活的了解。A.exercises练习；B.jobs工作；C.changes变更；D.rewards嘉奖。结合上下文可知，此处是指通过这些“志愿工作”，Stephen对这座城市和生活有了更深的理解。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：明天早上我儿子将在施粥场工作，然后和他的挚友去城市博物馆。A.cooking做饭；B.eating吃；C.working工作；D.partying聚会。依据第一段内容可知，Stephen要先在soupkitchen工作后，才跟挚友去博物馆。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这就是我们城市的意义所在:从各个层面接触它的文化。A.devoted致力于；B.exposed暴露，接触；C.admitted承认；D.attached附加。作者感觉自己和Stephen在施粥场工作对城市和生活有了更多的了解，这属于城市的文化；Stephen和挚友去博物馆参观也是感受城市的另外一种文化。所以是“接触这座城市各个层面的文化”，故选B。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AtagymnasiumindowntownBeijing,agroupofyoungenthusiastsaretrainingandpracticingthe___36___(tradition)martialartofshuaijiao,whichisnative___37___China.Thestyleofclosecombatfighting,also___38___(know)asChinesewrestling,datesbackthousandsofyears.It___39___(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.Inrecentyearsithasstartedtoregainpopularitywithmartialartspractitionersinthecapital.HuWannianstartedpracticingshuaijiaoattheageof6.In2024,hefoundedawrestlingclub,___40___helpedhimpromotethemartialartat___41___openareainhisresidentialcomplexinBeijing.Atfirst,thetoughconditionsstoppedmanyparentsfrom___42___(allow)theirchildrentojoinHu'sclub.Sofar,the62-year-old___43___（train)50students.YangFan,28,isoneofHu'sfemale___44___（student).“VeryfewgirlspracticeChinese-stylewrestling,"shesaid."Butithas___45___（great)improvedmyathleticability."【答案】36.traditional37.to38.known39.isconsidered40.which41.an42.allowing43.hastrained44.students45.greatly【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了一个叫胡万年的老人为了宣扬中国武术，在北京开办了一个武术俱乐部的事情。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：在北京的体育馆，一群年轻的爱好者正在培训练习摔跤这种传统的武术形式，它是源于中国。该空后面是名词martialart，前面是the，所以应用形容词修饰名词。故填traditional。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：句意：在北京的体育馆，一群年轻的爱好者正在培训练习摔跤这种传统的武术形式，它是源于中国。benativeto是固定搭配，“起源于...”。故填to。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：这种近距离的打斗，也作为中国摔跤而知名，起源于几千年前。分析本句结构可知，knowas..短语在句中做状语，应用形容词形式，known为形容词，“闻名的”。故填known。【39题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：它被专家认为是现代投递运动的起源。consider在句中做谓语，主语it，代指前面的摔跤运动，所以主语与consider是被动关系，依据句意，应当是一般现在时态。故填isconsidered。【40题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在2024年，在北京他居住大楼的空旷地带，他成立了一个摔跤俱乐部，这帮助他宣扬了这种武术。分析句意可知，本空指的是前一句中的club，本句前又有逗号隔开，所以推断是非限制性定语从句引导词，在从句中做主语。故填which。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在2024年，在北京他的居住大楼的空旷地带，他成立了一个摔跤俱乐部，这帮助他宣扬了这种武术。空后是名词openarea，前面是介词at，所以本空应当是冠词，再依据句意，应当是“一个空旷的地带”。故填an。【42题详解】考查非谓语。句意：起先，这种艰苦的条件阻挡了很多父母允许他们的孩子加入这个俱乐部。stopsb.fromdoingsth.为固定搭配，“阻挡某人做某事”。故填allowing。43题详解】考查谓语动词时态。句意：到目前为止，这个62岁的老人已经训练了50个学生。sofar在句中做时间状语，与现在完成时搭配。故填hastrained。【44题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：28岁的杨帆是胡的学生之一。前面有oneof，“...之一”，后面要跟复数名词。故填students。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：它已经大大提高了我的运动实力。分析句意可知，great在句中修饰动词improve，故应用副词修饰动词。故填greatly。【点睛】第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节(满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校支配在12月的每个周日为学校的外籍学生举办中国菜烹饪课。请你代表学生会写一则通知刊登在校英文报上，内容包括：1.课程目的和内容；2.上课时间和地点；3.报名方式。留意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NOTICE_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NOTICEToenrichtheforeignstudents’lifeandofferthemachancetohaveatasteofChina,ourschoolisplanningtoholdaseriesofcookingclassesforyou.EverySundayafternooninDecember,youcancometothekitchenofthecanteenandlearnsomeknowledgeandskillsofChinesecooking.Eachclasswillbeginat2p.m.andlast2hours.IfyouareintocookingandChinesefood,don'tmisstheclasses.Sendyourapplicationtocookinglesson@163togetachance.Thedeadlineis5p.m.thisFriday.StudentUnion【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会写一则为学校的外籍学生举办中国菜烹饪课的通知。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：依据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量运用一般将来时。结构：并列式文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分，并以这种方式支配所写内容。要求：1.说明课程目的、内容、上课时间和地点等信息；2.报名方式及截止时间。其次步：列提纲（重点词组）offersb.sth;plantodo;aseriesof;learnsomeknowledgeandskillsof;beintodoingsth.第三步：连词成句1.Toenrichtheforeignstudents’lifeandofferthemachancetohaveatasteofChina,ourschoolisplanningtoholdaseriesofcookingclassesforyou.2.EverySundayafternooninDecember,youcancometothekitchenofthecanteenandlearnsomeknowledgeandskillsofChinesecooking.3.IfyouareintocookingandChinesefood,don'tmisstheclasses.依据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，留意主谓一样和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（连接词）文章运用表并列补充关系的连接词：and,if连句成文，留意运用恰当的连词进行句子之间的连接与过渡，书写肯定要规范清楚。【点睛】[高分句型1]：Toenrichtheforeignstudents’lifeandofferthemachancetohaveatasteofChina,ourschoolisplanningtoholdaseriesofcookingclassesforyou.运用了不定式作目的状语，对课程的目的进行了概括。[高分句型2]：IfyouareintocookingandChinesefood,don'tmisstheclasses.运用了if引导的条件状语从句和祈使句结构。其次节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Istaredatthehundredsofjigsawpuzzle(拼图）piecesspreadoutonthetable.“Thisisgoingtotakeawhile.”“Isn'tthatthepoint?”My17-year-olddaughter,Julia,said.“Tokeepusoffthescreensduringthequarantine(隔离）？”“Right,”Isaid.“MaybethiswilltakemymindoffeverythingI'velost,”Juliasaid.Shewasaseniorinhighschool,missingthelastweeksofschoolwithherfriendsandteachers.Acompetitionshe'dworkedforallschoolyearwasnowcanceled.There'suncertaintyabouthergraduationceremony.Nextweek,she'dcelebrateher18thbirthdayathome,unabletoseeherfriends.Butherbiggestworrywasforthecollegescholar