四川省遂宁市射洪县2024-2025年高一英语下学期期末考试试题小班

PAGE6PAGE8四川省遂宁市射洪县2024-2025年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（小班）本卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。考试时间60分钟，满分100分。考试结束后，第Ⅱ卷和机读卡一并收回。留意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2.请将选择题答案填涂在机读卡上，请将非选择题答案写在第Ⅱ卷上，否则不予给分。第I卷（选择题，满分60分）第一部分阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、和C)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALargerbrainsizeislinkedtolongerlifeindeer.Thesizeoffemaleanimals'brainsmaydeterminewhethertheylivelongerandhavemorehealthylatergenerations,accordingtonewresearchledbytheUniversityofCambridge.Thestudy,publishedintheRoyalSocietyOpenScience,showsthatfemalereddeerwithlargerbrainslivelongerandhavemoresurvivinglatergenerationsthanthosewithsmallerbrains.Brainsizeisheritableandcanbepasseddownthroughgenerations.Thisisthefirstextensivestudyofindividualdifferencesinbrainsizeinwildmammalsanddrawsondatacomparingsevengenerationsofdeer.Acrossspeciesofmammals,brainsizevarieswidely.Thisisthoughttobeaconsequenceofspecificdifferencesinthebenefitsandcostsofalargerbrain.Mammalswithlargerbrainsmay,forexample,havegreaterabilitiesthatenablethemtoadaptbettertoenvironmentalchangesortheymayhavelongerlifespans.Buttheremayalsobedisadvantages:Forinstance,largerbrainsrequiremoreenergy,soindividualsthatpossessthemmayshowreducedabilitiestogivebirthtoyoungbabies.Theresearchers,basedattheUniversityofCambridge'sZoologyDepartmentandtheUniversityofEdinburgh'sInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,wantedtotestiftheycouldfindmoredirectgeneticornon-geneticevidenceofthecostsandbenefitsoflargebrainsizebycomparingthelongevity(寿命)andsurvivalofindividualsofthesamespecieswithdifferentbrainsizes.Usingtheskullsof1,314wildreddeerwhoselifehistoriesandbreedingsuccesshadbeenmonitoredinthecourseofalong-termstudyontheIsleofRum,theyfoundthatfemaleswithlargerendocranialvolumes(脑腔容量)livedlongerandproducedmoresurvivingoffspringinthecourseoftheirlives.LeadauthorDr.CorinaLogan,aGatesCambridgescholar,says,"Thereasonsfortheassociationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevityarenotknown,butotherstudieshavesuggestedthatlargerbrainsareaconsequenceofthelonger-livedspecieshavinglongerdevelopmentalperiodsinwhichthebraincangrow.Thesepredictionsaregeneratedfromcross-speciescorrelations;however,testingsuchhypothesesrequiresinvestigationsatthewithin-specieslevel,whichiswhatwedid."Dr.Loganadds,"Wefoundthatsomeofthecross-speciespredictionsaboutbrainsizeheldforfemalereddeer,andthatnoneofthepredictionsweresupportedinmalereddeer.Thisindicatesthateachsexlikelyexperiencesitsownsetoftrade-offs(平衡)withregardtobrainsize."Thestudyalsoshowedthatfemales'relativeendocranialvolumeissmallerthanthatofmales,despiteevidenceofselectionforlargerbrainsinfemales.ProfessorTimClutton-Brock,whosetuptheRumRedDeerstudywithFionaGuinnessin1972andstartedtheworkonbrainsize,pointsout,"Thereasonthatthiskindofstudyhasnotbeenconductedbeforeisthatitrequireslong-termrecordsofalargenumberofindividualsacrossmultiplegenerationsanddataofthiskindarestillrareinwildanimals."1.Whatdoesthenewresearchonbrainsizereveal?A.Large-brainreddeertendtohavemoreoffspring.B.Large-brainfemaledeersurvivesmall-brainmaledeer.C.Brainsizecausesindividualdifferencesinsomemammals.D.Brainsizehasbeenincreasingfromgenerationtogeneration.2.Whydoesthebrainsizevarywidelyfromdifferentspeciesofmammals?A.Mammalscandevelopdifferentadaptiveabilities.B.Alargerbrainhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Differentmammalsarebornwithdifferentlifespans.D.Brainsizeisaffectedbygeneticornon-geneticfactors.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttherelationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevity?A.Thecauseandeffectneedtobefurtherinvestigated.B.Brainsizeabsolutelydeterminesanimals'longevity.C.Longer-livedspeciesallowbrainstogrowtoalargesize.D.Thecross-speciesassumptionsapplytoreddeerofbothsexes.4.WhatcanweinferfromProfessorTimClutton-Brock'swords?A.Researcherscan'tpossiblyreachaconclusionaboutthereason.B.Researchersarenotpatientenoughtokeeplong-termrecords.C.Suchresearchhasbeenthoroughlyconductedonwildanimalsbefore.D.Suchresearchwillexperiencegreatdifficultyinthelong-termprocess.BLookatthemapofSpainandpointatthecenter.You'velocatedthecountry'scapitalandoneofEurope'smostbeautifulcities:Madrid.Thispopulardestinationisconsideredacityofcontrastswithitsabundanthistoricsitesstandingintheshadowsofmodernskyscrapers.HistoryThiscityofover3millionpeopleisproudofitsWesternEurope'slargestroyalpalace--theRoyalPalaceofMadrid,andsomeconsiderittobeMadrid'smostbeautifulbuilding.InsidetheRoyalPalaceofMadrid,2,800roomsaredecoratedinglorywithqualityfurnitureandartworks.Touristscantour50oftheselargeandsplendidrooms.ArtTheInternationallyrespectedPradoMuseumisoneofthelargestandmostimpressiveartgalleriesinSpain.Openedin1819,itisfilledwithworksofartthatfeaturetheworld'smostcomprehensivecollectionofSpanishpainting.ShoppingMadridhassomeofEurope'sbestshoppingmalls,andpotentialbuyerslovetolookthroughthestoreslookingforbargains.Andfor500years,shoppershavegatheredtoanextremelylargeoutdoorfleamarketknownaselRastrowheretheyfindeverythingfromantiquestoCDs.EntertainmentNotriptoMadridiscompletewithoutseeingaperformanceofSpain'sfamousartform,flamenco.Everyday,flamencoperformerssing,danceorplaytheguitarinsmallcafesandgrandtheatersalike.FoodMadridhasawidevarietyofrestaurants,butbecausetheSpanishtypicallyeatlateat9or10p.m.,it'sdifficulttofindgooddinnerfoodearlier.Ifyougethungrybeforethen,thebestsolutionistotryatapasbarwherelightsnacksarese5.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoyalPalaceofMadrid?A.Ithas50roomsforvisit. B.Itcanhold2,800people.C.It'sbeenvisitedby3millionpeople. D.ItisthoughttobethelargestroyalpalaceinEurope.6.Whatkindofmarketis"elRastro"?A.Fordiscounts. B.Forartworks.C.Tosellvariousgoods. D.TosellantiquesandCDs.7.WhatisamustwhentravelinginMadrid?A.Havingdinnerearlier. B.Enjoyingtheflamenco.C.VisitingthePradoMuseum. D.Drinkinginatapasbar.CGettingstitched(缝合)upbyDr.Robotmayonedaybecomeareality.Scientistshavecreatedaroboticsystemwhichdidoperationsonlivinganimalswithoutarealdoctorpullingthestrings.Muchlikeengineersaredesigningself-drivingcars,themedicalresearchispartofamovetowardautonomoussurgicalrobots,removingthesurgeon'shandsfromcertaintasksthatamachinemightperformallbyitself.Doctorswouldn'tleavethebedside.They'resupposedtowatch.Plusthey'dhandletherestofthesurgery.Insmalltestsusingpigs,theroboticarmperformedatleastaswell,andinsomecasesabitbetter,assomecompetingsurgeonsinstitchingtogetherintestinal(肠的)tissue."Thepurposewasn'ttoreplacesurgeons,"saidDr.Kimwholedtheproject."Ifyouhaveanintelligenttoolthatworkswithasurgeon,canitimprovetheoutcome?That'swhatwehavedone."Ifyou'veheardaboutmachineslikethepopularDaVincisystem,youmightthinkrobotshavealreadystartedoperating.Notreally.Todaymanyhospitalsofferrobot-assistedsurgerywheresurgeonsusethemachineryastoolsthattheycontrolbyhandtooperatethroughtinyopeningsinthebody.Butrobot-assistedsurgeryhasbeencontroversial,assomestudieshaveshownitcanbringhighercostswithoutbetteroutcomes.Kim'steam,theSheikhZayedInstituteforPediatricSurgicalInnovation,inventedanewSTAR(SmartTissueAutonomousRobot)systemwhichworkedsortoflikeaprogrammablesewingmachine.Theyaddedsensorstohelpguideeachstitchandtellhowtightlytopull.Buttheapproachwasn'tperfect.Intheoperationsonthelivinganimals,therobottookmuchlongerandmadeafewstitchingmistakeswhilethesurgeonsewingbyhandmadenone.Kimsaidtherobotcanbespedup.Hehopedtobeginhumanstudiesintwoorthreeyears.8.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewRoboticSystemB.ANew-styleWayofStitchingC.TheNewly-designedDriverlessVehiclesD.RobotSurgeonsOneStepClosertoReality9.Whyarepeopleagainstusingrobotsinsurgery?A.Theycanbeoutofcontrol. B.Theywilltakeshortertime.C.Theymaybeexpensivetouse. D.Theyarelikelytocausegreatpain.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Dr.Robotcantaketheplaceofsurgeons.B.Dr.Robotwillbeimproved.C.Dr.Robothasbeentestedonhumantrials.D.Dr.Robotcanfreedoctors'handsintheoperation.其次部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iamaneducatorborntomakeadifference.Ihavespentmyentirelifeatthe11Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Butoneofthethingsthatweneverdiscussorwe12discussisthevalueandimportanceofhuman13.Acolleaguesaidtome,"Theydon'tpaymeto14thekids.Theypaymetogivea15."Well,Isaidtoher,"Youknow,kidsdon'tlearnfrompeopletheydon'tlike."Somethinkthatyoucaneitherhaveitinyoutobuilda16,oryoudon't.Ihavehadclassesthatwereso17thatIcried.Iwondered,"HowamIgoingto18thisgroup,inninemonths,fromwheretheyaretowheretheyneedtobe?Itwasdifficult,awfully19HowdoI20theself-esteem(自尊)ofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?"OneyearI21abrightidea.Itoldmystudents,"Youwere22tobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestandyouarethebest."Oneofthestudentssaid,"Really?"Isaid,"Really.Wehavetoshowtheotherclasseshowtodoit.Peoplewill23uswhenwewalkdownthehall,sowecan'tmakenoise."AndIgavethemasayingtosay:"Iam24IwassomebodywhenIcame.I'llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.I25theeducationthatIgethere.Ihavethingstodo,peopletoimpress,andplacestogo."Teachingandlearningshould26joy.How27wouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohada28?Everychilddeservesachampion.Aneducatorshouldbeanadultwhowillnever29them,whounderstandsthepowerofconnection,andwhoinsiststhattheybecomethe30thattheycanpossiblybe.11.A.schoolbuilding B.college C.communitycenter D.prison12.A.frequently B.partly C.finally D.rarely13.A.relative B.connection C.experience D.understanding14.A.please B.satisfy C.like D.treat15.A.lesson B.joke C.way D.class16.A.friendship B.bridge C.gap D.relationship17.A.excellent B.bad C.sad D.adaptable18.A.join B.own C.take D.make19.A.upset B.boring C.frustrated D.hard20.A.raise B.arise C.show D.control21.A.cameout B.cameto C.cameupwith D.cameabout22.A.led B.placed C.chosen D.thrown23.A.notice B.look C.find D.call24.A.nothing B.somebody C.anybody D.something25.A.reserve B.expect C.observe D.deserve26.A.catch B.bring C.express D.indicate27.A.powerful B.magical C.fearful D.imaginative28.A.prize B.supporter C.teacher D.champion29.A.putup B.dependon C.giveupon D.refuse30.A.bright B.best C.confident D.determined射洪县高2024级其次期期末英才班实力素养监测英语第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共40分）留意事项：1.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在第Ⅱ卷答题卡上作答，不能答在此试卷上。2.试卷中横线及框内注有“▲”的地方，是须要你在第Ⅱ卷答题卡上作答的内容或问题。其次节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TeaisanimportantpartofChinesetradition.Thepracticeofdrinkingteahas31longhistoryinChina.Nowadays,Chineseteagenerallyrepresentstealeaveswhichhavebeenprocessed32(use)methodsinheritedfromancientChina.Accordingtopopularlegend,tea33(discover)byShenNongin2737BC.34aleaffromanearbyshrubfellintothewaterhewasboiling.ShenNongwasinterestedinthenewliquid,35(drink)somecarefully,andfounditveryrefreshing.Andso,teaissaidtobecreatedin2737BC.TeaisdeeplywovenintothehistoryandcultureofChina.Thebeverage(饮料)isconsideredoneoftheseven36(necessity)ofChineselife,alongwithfirewood,rice,oil,salt,soysauceandvinegar.Around771B.C.--476BC.Chineseteawasused37(help)treatsomediseases.MostChineseteasarecultivatedandconsumedinChina.TeashopsandteahousesinthestreetareeasilyfoundinChina.Meanwhile,theyarealsoexportedinternationallydue38ariseinthe39(popular)ofChinesecuisineworldwide.TeahasbecomeoneofChinesespecificdrinksintheworld.Itis40(common)availableinChineserestaurantsandgrocerystoresworldwide.31.▲32.▲33.▲34.▲35.▲36.▲37.▲38.▲39.▲40.▲第三部分书面表达(满分：25分)假定你是李华，你班交换生Jim将要参与“学在中国”留学生汉语演讲竞赛，来信向你询问。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.举荐一个演讲话题；2.说明举荐的理由；3.建议他做哪些打算工作。留意