Unit1TheMassMedia单词讲解课件高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性

选择性必修第二册

Unit1单词讲解critical

adj.

批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的；严重的→critically

adv.

批判性地；危急地→criticize/criticise

v.

批评，批判(反praise)→critic

n.

批评家

→

criticism

n.批评;批判;指责;评论becritical

to(doing)sth.对（做）某事至关重要/起到关键的作用becriticalof(doing)sth.

对（做）某事谴责/不满becriticalabout(doing)sth.对（做）某事苛刻/挑剔It’scriticalthat...重要的是......withacriticaleye以批判的眼光playacriticalrolein在......方面起关键作用the

critical

thinking

/period

批判性思维/关键时期criticizesb.for为某事批评某人The

decision

is

critical

to

the

future

of

the

company.2.trapn.陷阱；圈套；困境；牢笼

v.使落入险境；卡住，绊住(trapped-trapped)

trappern.捕杀动物者

trappedadj.捕获的；陷入困境的trap...in...=betrappedin把……困于……；被困住……；陷入……中betrappedby被...困住trapsb.intodoingsth.诱使某人做某事；使某人陷入圈套fallinto/walkintoatrap落入陷阱getoutofatrap摆脱圈套Manypeopleweretrappedintheflood.Trappedintheflood,peoplewereextremelyanxious.3.releasev.发布；释放；松开；发泄n.释放；发行；排放，泄露v.1)放开;松开:Don’treleasetherope.2)排放;释放:releasestress释放压力releasethecriminal/aprisoner释放罪犯/囚犯releasesb.from...把某人从……中释放出来releasesth.into...把某物释放/排放到……中Hereleasedthebirdfromitscage.Don’treleasethisnewstothepublic.3)首映;发布(新闻等)pressreleases新闻稿

releaseamovie发行一部电影n.beonrelease(电影）已经上映thereleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere二氧化碳向大气层的排放4.extendvi.&vt.延伸；扩大；延长；伸展→extensionn.拓展；延伸；扩大→extendedadj.延长了的extendaroad/one'slife/one'shand扩建一条路/延长生命/伸出某人的手extendsth.for/by/untilsth.某物延长了/到某时间extendacross/over/through延伸/越过/穿过extendto/beyond延伸到/超出extend100km延伸100千米extendthedeadline延长最后期限anextendedlunchhour延长了的午餐时间extensionto/of（建筑的）扩建部分5.constructionn.建筑，建造；建造物→constructv.建造→constructor

n.建造者→constructiveadj.建设性的;积极的;有助益的

underconstruction在建设中theconstructionof.....的建设aconstructionworker建筑工人construct...from/of/insth.用某物建造……“under+n.”相当于进行时的被动语态“正在被......”underrepair在修理underconsideration在考虑undertreatment在治疗中underdiscussion在讨论中6.dozenn.许多；一打；十来个adozeneggs一打鸡蛋two/three/fourdozeneggs两/三/四打鸡蛋dozensof（=lotsof）eggs很多，许多鸡蛋dozen与of连用时，可用于人称代词宾格（us，you，them）或指示代词(these,those）修饰的名词前，表示所属关系。eg.twodozenofthem/us,adozenofthese/thosepeopledozens与of连用时，表示不确切的数量，意为“许多…，大量的…”。eg.

dozensofpeople,dozensoftimes由a,afew,some,many及具体数字修饰时，dozen用单数，后接可数名词复数。7.minoradj.轻微的，次要的→minorityn.少数，少数民族；未成年反:

majoradj.主要的；严重的；大音阶的；主修的

n.少校；主修课程；主修...的学生；大型企业；大联盟

v.主修→majorityn.大部分，大多数；多数票；法定成年年龄aminorinjury/road/error/operation/role轻伤/小路/小错误/小手术/次要角色inthemajority占多数intheminority占少数8.bath[bɑːθ]n.洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆→bathe[beɪð]v.沐浴；洗澡；清洗；浸泡；游泳；（光线）洒满

have/takeabath洗澡bebathedin沐浴在……之下

Bathedinthemoonlight,thetownappearsquiet.沐浴在月光之下，小镇显得很安静。9.screamv.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音

n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音→screaminglyadv.极其，非常screamout大声喊screamatsb.朝某人大喊大叫screamforsth.为了……尖声地叫喊screamwithexcitement/delight/fear/pain兴奋/高兴/害怕/疼地尖叫起来letoutascreamofpain疼得大叫起来“喊叫”:cry，call，shout，yell，scream10.barkvi.（狗）吠叫

vt.厉声发令n.（狗）吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮barkout厉声发令；厉声质问barkat对...吠叫 bebarkingupthewrongtree把方法想偏；走错路线Abarkingdogdoesn'tbite!吠犬不咬人11.chokev.（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来（choked,chocked）chokeon因…而塞息/呼吸困难bechokedupwithsth.被……堵塞choketodeath窒息而死chokeoff制止，阻止；压制chokebackone'stears/anger抑制住眼泪/愤怒chokeup（因感情激动而）哽咽；堵塞chokeonsth.被某物哽噎chokewithsth(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽Shealmostchokedtodeathinthethicksmoke.她几乎被浓烟呛死。Hisvoicewaschokingwithanger.他气得声音哽咽。12.automaticadj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的

→automaticallyadv.自动地

afullyautomaticdriver-lesscar一辆完全无人驾驶的汽车anautomaticreaction下意识的反应13.investigatev.侦查，调查；研究→investigativeadj.调查研究的；侦查的→investigationn.调查；审查；调查研究→investigatorn.调查员，侦探investigatesb.调查某人investigateandcollectevidence调查取证investigateanaccident调查事故investigationof对……的调查underinvestigation正在调查中orderaninvestigationinto…下令对……进行调查investigativejournalism/report/work调查研究报道/报告/工作14.comeabout发生（常和how连用）comeaboutbyaccident偶然发生comeacross偶然遇见，被理解comeafter追查，追赶comealong进展

comeapart破灭

comeoff脱落

comeout出版，出来comeover过来；顺便来访；从远方来cometrue实现；达到；成为现实comeup走近；出现；发生comeupwith提出；想出；找出；赶上whenitcomesto...一谈到……；就……而论（to是介词）takeplace发生◆单句语法填空①Whenwillyouressaycome

?②Afterlisteningtothelecture，hecameup

agoodsolution.③Icame

manynewwordswhilereadingthenovel.④Thefloodcame

asaresultoftheheavyspringrain.⑤Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame

?out

with

across

aboutabout15.journalistn.

新闻记者，新闻工作者→journaln.杂志，报纸，日志→

journalismn.新闻业，新闻工作→

journalisticadj.新闻业的16.priorityn.首要事情，优先权，优先事项；重点；(车辆的)优先通行权prioradj.优先的；占先的；在...之前thefirst/top/mainpriority第一要务/优先事项/首要任务withpriority优先地，着重地givepriorityto

优先考虑……；给……优先权take/havepriorityoversth.优先于……；比……重要/有优先权putsth.onyourlistofpriority把......放入优先名单bepriorto在……之前Educationisatoppriority.教育是当务之急。Thistaskispriortoalltheothers.这项任务比所有其他任务都重要。17.contradictvt.相矛盾；反驳→contradictionn.矛盾；否认；反驳→contradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的contradictoneself自相矛盾contradicteachother互相矛盾darenotcontradictsb.不敢反驳某人contradictone'sremarks反驳某人的言论contradictionbetween…and...（说法、信念、观点、数据等的）矛盾/不一致/对立becontradictoryto…与...矛盾incontradictionto同……相矛盾

18.factualadj.事实的，真实的→factuallyadv.真实地；确实地；事实地=infactfactualinformation/knowledge/statements事实信息/知识/陈述afactualaccountofevents事件的如实报道tellsb.astoryfactually向某人如实叙述/讲述故事19.instancen.例子，事例forinstance/example例如，比如inthefirstinstance起初，首先aninstanceof……的实例giveaninstanceof举例说明takesth.forexample以……为例asaninstance/example作为一个例子20.differv.相异；意见相左→differentadj.不同的（反similar）→differencen.差异，不同(反similarity）differfrom与……不同；区别于……differin在……方面不同agreetodiffer承认意见分歧Ibegtodiffer.恕我不同意。tellthedifference辨别差别makeadifference有意义，起作用makeadifference(to)对……有影响/起作用differ是较正式的用语，在口语中常用bedifferentfrom来代替differfrom21.conclusionn.结论，推论;结束，结果；签订，达成→concludev.推断；决定，作结论；结束；达成，订立inconclusion最后，总之cometo/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion得出结论leaptotheconclusion(that...)匆忙得出结论(……)leadto/pointtoaconclusionthat...得出……结论bring...toaconclusion使……结束concludewith以……结束conclude...from从……中得出/推断出……concludeanagreement/acontract达成协议/签订合同Itisconcludedthat...断定/推断出……22.falseadj.错误的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的→falselyadv.错误地；虚假地；欺诈地TheamountoffalseinformationontheInternetbecomesmoreofaproblem问题更严重;更大的问题everyday.23.bringsth.tolight揭露，披露近义：make...public把……公之于众；揭露……bringabout引起；导致bringup提出；教育；养育；呕吐bring...down降低/打倒…throw/castlighton...阐明，使了解25.minimumn.最小值，最少量pl.minima/minimums

adj.最低的，最小的→minimaladj.最低/小/少的withaminimumeffort以最小的努力reducesth.toaminimum把某事物减至最低限度keepsth.toaminimum把……保持在最低限度aminimumof最低的……absolute/bareminimum绝对/仅够的最少量ata/theminimum最起码，至少，最少theminimumwage/price最低工资/最低价25.maximumn.最大量pl.maxima

adj.最高的，最多的→maximaladj.最大/高的amaximumamount/number最大数额/数量maximumsentence判决/刑;宣判/penalty处罚;惩罚;刑罚/fine罚款;罚金

最高判决/刑罚/罚金amaximumof..……的最大值tothemaximum最大限度地26.sumn.金额，款项;总和，总数；全部→summaryn.摘要，概要adj.概括的，总结性的→

summarizev.概括，概述，总结sumup总结，概括tosumup总之，概括地说（常作插入语）insum总之；总而言之alargesumofmoney一大笔钱thesumof......的和/总数begreater/more/betterthanthesumofitsparts个体相加不如集体的力量大27.accurateadj.正确无误的;精确的→accuratelyadv.正确地；准确地；精确地→accuracyn.正确;准确；精确反义词：inaccurateadj.不精确的；不准确的；有错误的

inaccuracyn.不精确；不准确；有错误beaccuratein在……方面准确fairlyaccurate相当准确tobeaccurate=accuratelyspeaking准确来说比较：accurate/correct/precise都可表示“正确无误”。accurate指经努力验证表明与事实、真相完全吻合。correct(正确的，对的）指没有错误。·precise(精确的）指完全相符，毫无差错。28.committedadj.尽心尽力的→commitvt.承诺，保证；犯（罪）；花（钱或时间）

vi.全心全意投入；忠于→commitmentn.献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费；已承诺的事；奉献becommittedto(doing)sth.致力于（做）某事commitoneselftodoingsth致力于、全身心投入做某事commitsb.todo/doingsth.使某人承担做某事的义务；向某人保证做某事commitacrime犯罪commitsuicide自杀makeacommitment(todo/doingsth.）作出承诺（做某事）makeacommitmenttosb.向某人作出承诺one'scommitmenttosth.某人对某事的承诺familycommitments对家庭的责任acommittedsocialist/memberoftheteam坚定的社会主义者/忠于职守的队员29.discriminationn.辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待→discriminatev.区别，辨别；岐视，区别对待→discriminatingadj.有识别力、鉴赏力的；→

discriminatoryadj.歧视的，不公正的withoutdiscrimination没有识别力/鉴赏力discriminationinfavourof偏袒……discriminationagainst歧视……racial/sex/religiousdiscrimination种族/性别/宗教信仰歧视discriminate/tell/distinguishAfromB区别A与Bdiscriminate/tell/distinguishbetweenAandB区别A和B30.curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地raiseone'scuriosity激起某人的好奇心havethecuriositytodosth.有做某事的好奇心satisfysb.'scuriosity满足某人的好奇心outofcuriosity出于好奇withcuriosity=curiously好奇地Curiositykilledthecat.好奇害死猫【用于告诫别人不要多打听】becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustoknow/learn...很想知道/了解…31.foundv.创建，创办；建立，兴建(founded-founded)→founding

n.

（组织/公司/学校等的）创建/创办→foundern.创建者，创办人；发起人区分：find发现-found-foundfound建立-founded-founded近义词：setup;establish建立/兴起setup/establish/foundacompany/club创办一家公司/俱乐部befoundedonsth.建立在…的基础上thefoundingofZhengdeMiddleSchool正德中学的创立Themovieisfoundedonhistoricalfacts.32.politics

[ˈpɒlətɪks]n.政治，政治学，政治事物；政治观点，政见→

politician[ˌpɒləˈtɪʃn]n.政治家；政客→

policy[ˈpɒləsi]n.政策；方针；原则；保险单→

political[pəˈlɪtɪkl]adj.政治的；政党的；争权夺利的askilledpolitician一个老练的政治家apoliticalparty/opinion/system政党/政见/政治体系Honestyisthebestpolicy.<谚>诚实为上Heisinterestedinpolitics.33.accusevt.谴责，控诉→accusationn.指责；控告→theaccused

被告accuser

原告区别：accuse指当面指控，也可用于法律上的正式控告，常与介词of搭配charge指正式法律控告，罪行较严重，常与介词with搭配控告/指责某人（做）某事accusesb.of(doing)sth.=sb.beaccusedof(doing)sth.chargesb.with(doing)sth.=sb.bechargedwith(doing)sth.Thegovernmentwasaccusedofincompetence.政府被指控无能。Hehasbeenchargedwithattackingapoliceofficer.34.mountn.山v.逐步增加；攀登，爬上mountup增加，上升Theprofit收益/利润oftheproductismountingupyearbyyear.35.professionn.行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professionaladj.专业的，职业的，职业性的

n.专业人员；职业运动员thelegal/medical/teachingprofession法律/医学/教学行业enter/gointo/joinaprofession加入一个行业byprofession在职业上；就职业来说professionaldevelopment职业/专业发展professionalknowledge专业知识Heisaprofessionaldesigner.36.draman.戏剧；剧本；戏剧性事件→

dramaticadj.戏剧的；突然的；激动人心的；引人注目的→

dramaticallyadv.戏剧地；显著地dramaticart戏剧艺术dramaticdevelopment突飞猛进的发展adramaticspeech一场激动人心的演说37.scholarshipn.奖学金；学术，学识，学问scholarn.学者earn/winascholarship获得奖学金Tuyouyouisascientistofgreatscholarship.38.categoryn.类别，种类beclassifiedintodifferentcategories分门别类39.neverthelessadv.尽管如此Ourfailurewasexpectedbutitisdisappointingnevertheless.我们的失败是意料之中的，尽管如此，还是令人失望。40.witnessv.见证；目击；作证；是…的迹象n.目击者；见证人；证人pl.witnesseswitnessanaccident/attack目击一起事故/一次袭击awitnessto

某事的证人/见证人awitnesstotheaccident事故的目击证人akey/star/principalwitness关键/主要证人awitnessforthedefence辩方的证人bear/givewitnesstosth.为某事作证Thepastdecadeshavewitnessedtherapiddevelopmentofmedia.过去的几十年见证了媒体的快速发展。41.editionn.版本；一份；版次→editv.编辑

→editorn.编辑thefirst/latest/limitededition第一版/最新版/限量版42.springn.春天；弹簧，发条；泉，泉水

v.跳，跃，蹦；迅速移动，弹开；突然活跃起来；突然出现；起源于，来自（spring-sprang-sprung）springup迅速出现，突然兴起springupovernight一夜之间冒出来springupeverywhere四处兴起springupinallthecountry在全国兴起springupfreely蓬勃生长springfrom突如其来地从……出现43.interactionn.互动；互相作用→interactv.互动；相互影响；作用→interactiveadj.互动的；相互作用的，相互影响的；→interactionaladj.相互作用的，相互影响的"interactive"更广泛地应用于技术与人的互动，而"interactional"则更专注于人与人之间的社交互动。interactwith…与……互动interactionof………的相互影响/作用interactionwith/between与……/……之间的相互影响/作用interactioneffect相互影响interactiondesign交互设计；互动设计socialinteraction社会互动；社会干预；社会的相互作用44.broadcastn.广播节目，电视节目vi.&vt.

播送，广播；散布，传播

(broadcast,broadcast)

broadcastingn.广播televisionbroadcast电视广播radiobroadcast无线电广播/电台广播anewsbroadcast一档新闻节目alivebroadcastoftheconcert音乐会的现场直播broadcast...live对……进行现场直播bebroadcastlive被现场直播broadcast...to向……传播……broadcastthefactthat...散布……acareerinbroadcasting广播事业The

concert

will

be

broadcast

live.

音乐会将会被现场直播。45.advertisingn.广告活动，广告业advertisementn.广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传advertisern.广告商，广告公司，广告人员

advertisevt.&vi.做广告.登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传televisionbroadcast电视广播TV/radio/newspaperadvertising电视/广播/报纸广告anadvertisingcampaign/slogan广告活动/口号anadvertisingteam广告团队put/placeanadvertisementinanewspaper在报纸上登广告beanadvertisementforsth.是某事物的典范advertise(sth.)onTV/inanewspaper在电视/报纸上（为某事物）做广告beadvertisedas...被宣传为··advertisefor…公开征聘…advertiseforamanager征聘一名经理46.persuasionn.说服，劝说；信仰

persuadevt.说服；使信服

persuasiveadj.有说服力的；令人信服的persuadesb.todosth./intodoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事political/religiouspersuasion政治/宗教的信仰afteralittlegentlepersuasion好言相劝后takeagreatdealofpersuasiontodosth.费尽口舌做某事Ifailedtopersuademyfatherintoquittingsmoking/toquitsmoking.Youshouldpersuadeyourfatheroutofsmoking.47.channeln.途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠thegreenchannel绿色通道throughthechannelof通过……途径/渠道thechannelofcommunication沟通渠道amovie/sportschannel电影/体育频道48.peakadj.高峰时期的，最高度的n.顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端vi.达到高峰，达到最高值atpeakhours高峰时间段apeakseason旺季atone’speak在顶峰时期49.boostv.使增长，使兴旺n.增长；帮助，激励boostone'sconfidence增强某人的信心/自信boostprofits提高利润givesb.aboost推某人一把givesb.aboosttodosth.给某人信心做某事50.psychologyn.心里，心理特征；心理学

psychological

[ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl]adj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的

psychologist

[saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst]n.心理学家51.purchasevt.买，购买

n.购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目

purchasern.买主；购买人；买方；采购人员purchasesth.from...从……购买某物purchaseaticket买票day/date/timeofpurchase购买日期/时间proofofpurchase购物凭证52.memorableadj.难忘的，值得纪念的

memorablyadv.难忘地

memorizev.记忆，记住；存储

memoryn.记忆力；回忆；存储器；怀念bememorableforsb.对某人来说难忘/有纪念意义amemorableoccasion/day/moment/photo/speech难忘的场合/一天/时刻/照片/演说近义词：unforgettable

adj.难忘的anunforgettableexperience

一次难忘的经历53.getacross被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚getyourpoint/meaningacross把你的观点/意思讲清楚getsth.acrosstosb.把某事给某人讲清楚getacrossthesimplefactthat...把……这个简单的事实讲清楚sth.getacrosstosb.被传达给某人，被某人理解Yourmeaningdidn'treallygetacross.你的意思没有很好的被理解。Theteachertriedhardtogethismeaningacrosstostudents.老师努力向学生把他的意思讲清楚。54.placementn.放置；安置

placen.地方；恰当位置；座位；名次

v.放置；安顿；以某种态度看待；认出；下单；排名次takeplace发生，进行takeone’splace=taketheplaceofsb.=replace代替；取代outofplace位置不当；不得体，不适当inplace在正确位置；准备妥当55.ratingn.收视率；等级，级别

raten.比率，率；速度；价格；等级vt.看好；评价；值得acreditrating信用评级audienceratings收视率；观众评价attherateof按……速度；按……比率unemploymentrate失业率deathrate死亡率taxrate