2025届高考英语一轮总复习代词教师用书教案北师大版

PAGE1-代词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2024·北京卷)Nervouslyfacingchallenges，IknowIwillwhispertomyself(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”．解析：考查反身代词。whispertooneself为固定短语，表示“低声对自己说”，故填myself。2．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgiveit/runningatry.解析：依据句意可知，此处表示“我们都应当尝试着跑跑步”，故填代词it，指代上文的running，此处也可干脆填名词running。3．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.解析：人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。4．(2024·浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.解析：此处应用it作形式主语，动词不定式短语toeatout为真正的主语。5．(2024·浙江卷)“ShethoughtIhadhurtmyself(I)，”saysPahlsson.解析：句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己。”依据前面的主语I可知，此处要用反身代词作宾语。6．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Onmyrecentvisit，Iheldalivelythree­month­oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedbyits(it)mother.解析：句意：在最近的一次参观中，我抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎大熊猫中的一只，这只大熊猫被它的妈妈遗弃了。此处应当运用形容词性物主代词its作定语。Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthatiscreatedforthem.yourselves→themselves解析：句子主语为customers，所以作宾语的反身代词形式用第三人称复数的反身代词形式。2．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)ThefirsttimeIwentthere，theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs，ducks，andanotheranimals.another→other解析：other用在名词前作定语，意为“其他的”。3．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihaddonemyselfhomework，butIwasshy.myself→my解析：考查代词。此处表示我已经完成了我的作业。my是形容词性物主代词，作homework的定语，myself不作定语。4．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.your→our解析：依据前面的主语we可知，此处要用our，表示“我们能够开阔我们的视野”。5．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Atfirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.yourself→myself解析：依据语境可知，此处指“我自己做确定”，故应用myself。6．(2024·四川卷)Whenhecameback，Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.her→his解析：由前面的“Whenhecameback”可知，这束花是在“他的(his)”手里。eq\a\vs4\al(考点1人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的用法)类别第一人称其次人称第三人称主格(作主语)Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格(作宾语)meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词(作定语)myouryouryourhisheritstheir(续表)类别第一人称其次人称第三人称名词性物主代词(作主语、表语或宾语)mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs反身代词(作宾语、表语、同位语)myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves1.人称代词指代的数量前后要一样。Thestudentsmustbemadetounderstandhowimportanteachsubjectistothem.(them指代thestudents)必需使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。2．句中没有谓语动词，人称代词要用宾格。—I'dliketogotoclimbthemountainthisweekend.——这个周末我想去爬山。—Me,too.——我也想去。3．形容词性物主代词不与a,an,this,that,these,some,any,several,no,each,such,another等词同时修饰一个名词，但在双重全部格中可同时修饰一个名词。afriendofmine我的一个挚友eachsisterofhis他的每一个姐姐4．介词＋the＋身体部位，此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the。Thepolicemantookthethiefbythecollarandsenthimtothepolicestation.警察抓住小偷的领子，把他扭送到警察局去了。5．含有反身代词的习惯英语devoteoneselfto致力于dressoneself自己穿衣enjoyoneself过得开心boastoneself自夸helponeselfto随意吃；随意用hideoneself把自己藏起来makeyourselfathome不拘束saytooneself心里想seatoneself坐下teachoneself自学cometooneself醒悟behaveoneself表现得体，有礼貌applyoneself致力于……byoneself独自地ofoneself自动地eq\a\vs4\al(考点2替代词的用法)1．that指代与前面提到的相类似但不是同一个的事物，指代特指的可数名词单数或不行数名词，指代可数名词单数时，相当于theone；those指代特指的可数名词复数时，相当于theones。TheclimateofGuangzhouismuchbetterthanthatofXi'an.广州的气候比西安的好多了。Myquestionsaresimilartothose/theonesyouraised.我的问题与你提出的问题相像。2．one用来代替前面出现的单数名词，表泛指概念，相当于a/an＋单数名词；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指概念。特指时用theone,theones。MrZhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,onethatIhaveneverseen.张先生给了我一件特别有价值的礼物——一件我从来没有见过的礼物。TheapplesyouboughtthismorningaretheonesimportedfromThailand.你今日上午买的苹果是从泰国进口的。eq\a\vs4\al(考点3不定代词的用法)1．each,everyeach指两个或两个以上的人或物中的每一个，强调个体，兼有代词和形容词的特征，可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语every(1)泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中的每一个，侧重整体，可与almost,nearly连用；(2)every是形容词，只能作定语；(3)every可与not连用，表示部分否定AlmosteverystudentinourclasspassedtheEnglishexamyesterday.昨天几乎班上的每一个学生都通过了英语考试。Therearelotsoftreesoneachsideoftheroad.路两边有很多树。Everystudentdoesnotrealizetheimportanceofthechance.并非每个学生都意识到这个机会的重要性。2．none,noone,nobody,nothingnone(1)既可指人也可指物，多与表示范围的of短语连用；(2)与数量有关，可回答howmany或howmuch类的问题，表示“一个也没有”noone/nobody不能与of短语连用，只能指人，表示“什么人也没有”，可回答who引导的疑问句nothing表示“什么也没有”，用来否定一切，可回答what引导的疑问句Noneofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.他们中没有人知道那项安排，因为那还是个隐私。—Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?—None.——你有多少钱？——一点也没有。—Whoisintheroom?—Noone/Nobody.——谁在屋里？——没有人。—Whatareyoudoingnow?—Nothing.——你现在在做什么？——什么也没做。3．either,both,neither,all,none,anyeither确定意义表示两者中的一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数both确定意义表示“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数neither否定意义表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数all确定意义作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一样none否定意义作主语时，表示“全部的都不”时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；表示“其中一个也不”或指代物质名词时，谓语动词用单数any确定意义作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，常与of短语连用Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.街道的两边都有很多树。Bothworkersaredemandingmorepay.两名工人都要求涨工资。Neitherofthetwocarsismine.这两辆车没有一辆是我的。Allhorsesareanimals,butnotallanimalsarehorses.全部的马都是动物，但是并不是全部的动物都是马。Noneofthebooksare/isinteresting.这些书都没意思。Noneoftherubbishhasbeenremoved.这些垃圾还没被运走。Herefusedtoansweranyofthequestions.他拒绝回答任何一个问题。[名师指津]all,both与not连用表示部分否定。Allthatglittersisnotgold.并不是全部发光的都是金子。Youcannotkeepboththegiftstoyourself;oneofthemisforyourbrother.你不能把两个礼物都留给自己，其中一个是你弟弟的。4．another，other,theother,others,theothers(1)another指“再一……”“另一……”，作代词或形容词，用于三者或三者以上。Idon'tlikethishat.Pleaseshowmeanotherone.我不喜爱这顶帽子。请让我看看另外一顶。(2)other泛指“另外的”，只作定语，常与复数名词或不行数名词连用，但假如前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every以及形容词性物主代词时，则可与单数名词连用。Wouldyoupleasemakeitsomeotherday?另找一天行吗？(3)theother指“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用，构成one...theother...“一个……另一个……”，作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“(确定范围内)其余的”。Ihavetwobooks;oneisEnglish,andtheotherisFrench.我有两本书，一本是英语的，另一本是法语的。Theotherstudentsinmyclassarefromthiscity.我班其余的同学都是这个城市的。(4)others是other的复数形式，泛指“别的人或物”(但不是全部)，不能作定语，可构成“some...others...”结构。SomeareChineseandothersareAmericans.一些是中国人，另外一些是美国人。(5)theothers是theother的复数形式，特指“(确定范围内)其余的人或物”。Therearemanybooksonthetable.SomeareEnglish;theothersareFrench.桌子上有很多书。一些是英语的，其余的是法语的。5．用于习惯搭配中的不定代词nothingbut仅仅，只是anythingbut绝不somethingof有几分，略微orsomething诸如此类的人或物allbut几乎，差不多everyotherday每隔一天eachother(两者)相互oneanother(三者或三者以上)相互eq\a\vs4\al(考点4it的用法)1．指天气、时间、距离、环境等。Itoftenrainshereinsummer.(表示天气)这里夏天时常下雨。Itistwentymilesfromheretothevillage.(表示距离)从这里到那个村庄有20英里路。2．代替前面提过的事物。—What'sinthepicture?—Itisacat.——图画里是什么？——是一只猫。3．当说话者不清晰或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，可用it来表示。Isitaboyoragirl?是男婴还是女婴？4．用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。常用于下列句型：(1)it作形式主语的常用句型：①It＋be＋adj./n.＋(for/ofsb.)＋不定式②Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.③It's(well)worthdoing...④It＋be＋名词词组(apity/afact/nowonder...)/adj.＋that从句⑤It＋特别动词(seems/appears/turnedout/occurredtosb./...)＋that从句⑥It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句⑦It＋takes＋(sb.)sometime/somemoneytodosth.(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型：①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋adj./n.(for/ofsb.)todo/clause②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/nouse/nogood/awasteoftime(money/energy...)＋doing...③主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...＋it＋important/necessary/natural/essential＋that...(should)．..Itistheteachers'dutytoteachthestudents.教学生是老师的职责。Itisapitythatyoucan'tgowithher.你不能同她一块去真缺憾。IfinditeasytogetonwithJim.我发觉同吉姆相处很简单。Ihavemadeitclearthatnobodyisallowedtosmokehere.我已经讲得很清晰，任何人不准在这儿吸烟。5．用于like,enjoy,hate,love,appreciate等表示喜爱、憎恶等情感的动词以及dependon/upon,seeto等短语动词后，再接when,if,that等引导的从句。I'dappreciateitifyoucouldattendourparty.假如你能参与我们的聚会，我将不胜感谢。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthewires.2．Panizzihimself(he)designedthefamousroundReadingRoom,withabeautifulhighroofandfortykilometersofbookshelves.3．Itisamusttogetthehangofthethemeifyouwanttofullyappreciatethenovel.4．Weseniorsseemtofeelwecantakecareofourselvesatalltimes.5．Iwishmoreandmoreofyourstudentscouldgototheiridealcolleges.6．Hefullyrecoveredfromhisillnessandlivedanother20happyandhealthyyears.7．Thelovelyoldladylookedatmeandsaid,“Whydon'tyougirlsjuststaythenightatmyhouse?I'llcookforyou.”8．Likeinmanyothercountries,peopletrytomaketheirfathershappybypresentingthemwithloadsofgiftsandallowingthemadayofrest.9．Inthefollowingweeks,theyrobbedmanyothershipsaroundtheseasandfilledtheshipwithagreatvarietyoftreasures.10．Whentheboatstoppedattheoppositebank,themanundressedhimselfimmediatelyanddoveintothewaterforhisswordfromtheveryplacewherehehadmadethemark.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Inaddition,everystudentcanbeinharmonywithforeignfriends,whichmakesiteasyforyoutogetalongwithhim.him→them2．Hesmiledandsaid,“Thankyou.Youaregenerous.I'dlikeanyorangejuice,please.”any→some3．I'msorrytooccupyyourprecioustime,butIreallywanttotellyouanythingabouttheproblemofsomepeoplekeepingtoomanypetsnowadays.anything→something4．Firstofall,asitisknowntopeople,petsmakesomuchnoisethattroublesresidentsalot.去掉it5．NowIwouldliketoshareyourworkingexperienceswithyou.your→my6．Long­distanceTeachingSystemisforthestudentswhoarenotstudyinginourschool.WecanstudyontheInternetathome.We→They7．Therearemanyplacesofinterestwhereyoucanlearnsomethingyoucan'tlearnitinschool.去掉it8．Iusedtogotothehillnearbywithmygrandpaeverydaywithalittledogfollowingthem.them→us9．Iwasalsoafraidthatanyonemightlaughatme.anyone→someone10．Hehelpedhisclassmateswithhishomework.his→theirⅢ.用适当的代词完成下列短文“Withouttheball,I'mhalfcompleteof__1__”，LuisFigo,oneoftheworld'sgreatestfootballplayersoncesaid.ThePortugueseplayedhisfirstinternationalmatchin1991attheageof18andhaskeptscoringeversince.HereachedanewmarkonFebruary18byplaying__2__onehundredthmatchforhisnationalteaminafriendlymatchagainstEngland.Acrowdofmorethan30,000fanswatchedandcheeredfor__3__inLisbon.“Figo,Figo”__4__(all，both)shoutedexcitedlywhenhewalkedintothefield.TheRealMadridplayer,31,wantstohelphiscountryinEuro2004andtowin__5__(another,other)SpanishCupwithRealMadrid.MadridboughtFigofromFCBarcelonafor82.4milliondollarsin2000,andheshowed__6__(everyone,anyone)whatagreatplayerhewasbywinningFIFA'sworldfootballeroftheyearawardin2001.“Figoworkslikeanartistandhastheskillstobethemostcompleteplayer”，saidFIFAPresidentJosephBlatterin2001.“Figo__7__isarealleaderwhoalwaystrieshisbestonthefieldandagoodteamplayer.Hedoesn'thaveanyproblemsworkingtogetherwithhisteammateatRealMadrid,starfootballerDavidBeckham.”Infact,FigowasthefirstonetowelcomeBeckhamwhenhearrived.“Wehaveastrongteam,andwecanhelpone__8__andworktogethertobesuccessful，”Figosaid.1．myself2.his3.him4.all5．another6.everyone7.himself8.anotherⅣ.语法填空TheHongKong­Zhuhai­MacaoBridge(HZMB),the__1__(eight)wonderforthe21stcentury,openedonthemorningofOctober24th,2024.Thebridgelinksthreeareas,making__2__muchmoreconvenienttotravelfromonetoanother.Sinceopening,thethree­hourdrive__3__HongKong,ZhuhaiandMacao__4__(shorten)to30minutes.Theprojectinvolvedmorethan400newpatents，brokesevenworldrecordsandfeatured__5__(independent)developedkeytechniquesanddesign.Afteran8­yearstruggle,thesuccessoftheHZMBachieves__6__severalgenerationshavebeendreamingof,andamazesthewholeworldwithitsdemonstrationofperfectskillsandhigh­levelChinesestandards.Thebridgeisintendedtobe__7__(rely)formorethan120years.FromtheBeltandRoadInitiativeto“CreatedinChina”，thereisalwaysagroupofpeople__8__(provide)strongtechnicalsupportforeachofthecountry'shugeprojects.FromthebeginninginDecember2009tothedayoftheofficialopening,all__9__(walk)oflifemadegreatcontributionstothedesignandconstructionofHZMB,contributing“__10__(wise)ofChina”．本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥。从2009年12月开工到今日官方宣布通车，社会各界为港珠澳大桥的设计和建设做出了巨大贡献，贡献了“中国的才智”。1．eighth解析：考查序数词。句意：2018年10月24日上午，21世纪第八大奇迹——港珠澳大桥正式通车。依据定冠词the可知此处用序数词，故答案为eighth。2．it解析：考查it用法。句意：这座桥连接了三个地区，使得从一个地区到另一个地区更加便利。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。3．between解析：考查固定结构。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。“在两者之间”用between。4．has_been_shortened解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：自开通以来，香港、珠海和澳门之间的3小时车程已缩短至30分钟。依据时间状语sinceopening可知用现在完成时，句子主语thethree­hourdrive是单数第三人称，和s