新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县第一中学2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE19-新疆昌吉回族自治州呼图壁县第一中学2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）Ⅰ.阅读理解ADearBetty,Myroommate’sfamilywantsmetocelebrateThanksgivingDaywiththemintheirhome.Iacceptedtheinvitation,andI’mexcitedaboutgoing,butI’malittlenervousaboutit,too.Thesocialcustomsinmycountryaredifferentfromthosehere,soI’malittleworriedaboutmakingmistakes.ShouldIbringagift,suchascandyorflowers?ShouldIarriveontimeoralittlelate?Atthedinnertable,howcanIknowwhichforkorknifetouse?HowcanIletthefamilyknowthatI’mthankfulfortheirkindness?Yours,KnowingNothingDearKnowingNothing,It’sagoodideatobringagiftwhenyougotoadinnerparty.Flowersarealwayswelcome,oryoucanbringabottleofwineifyouknowthefamilydrinkit.Youshouldarriveontimeorfivetotenminuteslate.Don’tgetthereearly.Ifyouaregoingtobemorethanfifteenminuteslate,youshouldcallandtellthem.Trytorelaxatthedinnertable.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtousetherightfork,knifeorspoon,justwatchtheotherguests,andfollowthem.Ifyoustillhavenoideaofwhattodo,don’tbeshyaboutaskingthepersonnexttoyou;it’sbettertoaskthemthantobesilentlyuncomfortableandnervous.Ifyoulikethefood,sayso.Ofcourse,you’llthankthehostandhostessforthemealandfortheirkindness.It’salsoagoodideatosendacardtothankthemthedayafter.Yours,Betty1.WhenKnowingNothingacceptedtheinvitationofherclassmate,what’sherfeeling?A.verysad B.disappointed C.alittlenervous D.alittleupset2.KnowingNothingwrotealettertoBettyto_____.A.tellBettysomegoodnews B.askforsomeadviceC.answersomequestions D.invitehertodinner3.AccordingtoBetty,KnowingNothing______whengoingtoadinnerparty.A.canonlybringsomeflowersB.can’tbringwineC.shouldarriveontimeorfivetotenminuteslateD.shouldarrivetwentyminuteslate4.WhichfollowingstatementisTrue?A.Itisnotpolitetoaskthepersonnexttoyou.B.Youmustbringabottleofwinewhenyougotoadinnerparty.C.Itiscommontobemorethanfifteenminuteslate.D.It’sgoodtosendacardtothankthemthedayafter.【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章讲解并描述了KnowingNothing给Betty写信请教一些关于去室友家吃饭须要留意的礼仪问题，以及Betty针对她的问题给出的建议。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据KnowingNothing的信的第一段内容“Iacceptedtheinvitation,andI’mexcitedaboutgoing,butI’malittlenervousaboutit,too.”可知，我接受了邀请，我很兴奋能去，但我也有点儿惊慌。由此可推断出，当KnowingNothing接受了室友的邀请时，她有点儿惊慌。故选C项。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据KnowingNothing的信的其次段内容“ShouldIbringagift,suchascandyorflowers?ShouldIarriveontimeoralittlelate?Atthedinnertable,howcanIknowwhichforkorknifetouse?HowcanIletthefamilyknowthatI’mthankfulfortheirkindness?”可知，KnowingNothing向Betty提出了几个问题，如：我应当带礼物吗？我应当准时到还是晚一点儿？由此可推断出，KnowingNothing给Betty写信是为了征求一些看法。故选B项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Betty的回信的其次段内容“Youshouldarriveontimeorfivetotenminuteslate.”可知，Betty建议KnowingNothing去参与晚宴时，应当准时到达或者晚到五到特别钟。这里要留意A项中的“canonlybringsomeflowers”，文中并没有提到只能带一些鲜花去，而是说带鲜花去是可以的，故不要误选。故选C项。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Betty的回信的最终一段内容“It’salsoagoodideatosendacardtothankthemthedayafter.”可知，其次天寄张卡片感谢他们也是一个好办法。由此可知，“It’sgoodtosendacardtothankthemthedayafter.”（其次天寄张卡片感谢他们是个好办法）这个选项描述的是正确的。故选D项。BOnceuponatime,therewasafatherandason.Thesonwasveryrudeandoftenhurtothers’feelingswithbitterwords.Sohehadnofriendsandgotmoreandmorefretful(烦躁的)daybyday.Thefatherhadbeentryingtopersuadehimtochangehisbadmannerbutfather’seffortsmadenodifferenceonthewildson.Oneday,thefathergotanidea.Hesetupawoodenboardandcalledhissonoverandgavehimahammerandaboxofnails.Hetoldtheyoungmantohammeranaileverytimewhenhehadaquarrel.Thesondidso.Afteraday,hehimselfsawtheboardwasfilledwithnailswhosequantitywassohugewhichlookedsouglythathewasshockedandfinallymadeuphismindtobeaniceguy.Thefathersuggestedhepulloutonenaileverytimewhenhecheckedhisbadtemperandavoidedtalkingimpolitely.Hedidthat.Whenthelastnailwasdrawnout,thesonwassoexcitedthathecouldn’thelpshowingtheboardtohisfather.However,hischeertrailedawayandslowlyhegrewfrustrated(懊丧的)whilehewasstaringattheboardwhichwasactuallyasdisagreeableasawater-sapped(被水侵蚀的)stonedeepontheseabed.Thefatherpointedtotheholesleftintheboardandtoldhimthatsometimesthehurtjustliketheholesstuckinone’smindforever.Theboycriedandregrettedbeingsuchanimpudent(无礼的)guy.Sincethen,hewaspoliteandkindandmadealotoffriends,andturnedhappy.5.Manypeopledidn’tlikethesonbecauseheusedto______them.A.beat B.hurt C.fightwith D.laughat6.Atfirstthesonwas________tolistentohisfather.A.happy B.sorry C.ready D.unwilling7.Whydidthefathertellhissontohammeranail?A.Becausehissonhadnothingtodo.B.Becausehissonlikedtohaveaquarrel.C.Inordertochangehisson’sbadmanner.D.Inordertolovehisson.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“trailedaway”mean?A.减弱 B.放过 C.抛开 D.出轨【答案】5.B6.D7.C8.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了一位儿子过去常常用尖刻的言语损害别人的感情，这位父亲奇妙地运用了“在木板上钉钉子”的方法帮助儿子改掉了这个坏习惯。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段关键句“Thesonwasveryrudeandoftenhurtothers’feelingswithbitterwords.Sohehadnofriendsandgotmoreandmorefretful(烦躁的)daybyday.”可知，儿子很粗鲁，常常用尖刻的言语损害别人的感情，所以他没有挚友。由此可推断出，很多人不喜爱儿子是因为他过去常常用尖刻的言语损害他们。故选B项。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段关键句“Thefatherhadbeentryingtopersuadehimtochangehisbadmannerbutfather’seffortsmadenodifferenceonthewildson.”可知，父亲始终在劝他变更坏习惯，但父亲的努力对儿子没有任何影响。由此可推断出，起初，儿子不情愿听父亲的话，beunwillingtodo意为“不情愿做某事”，为固定搭配。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段关键句“Afteraday,hehimselfsawtheboardwasfilledwithnailswhosequantitywassohugewhichlookedsouglythathewasshockedandfinallymadeuphismindtobeaniceguy.”可知，父亲让儿子在木板上钉钉子，过了一天，儿子看到木板上满是钉子，很丑陋，他震惊了，最终确定成为一个好孩子。再依据最终一段关键句“Sincethen,hewaspoliteandkindandmadealotoffriends,andturnedhappy.”可知，儿子改掉了坏习惯，成为了礼貌和和善人，并交到了很多挚友。由此可推断出，父亲让儿子在木板上钉钉子是为了变更儿子的坏习惯。故选C项。【8题详解】词义揣测题。画线词所在句意为：然而，他的欢呼声_____，当他盯着那块木板时，他渐渐地变得懊丧起来。依据句中frustrated可知，儿子变得懊丧，由此可推断出，欢呼声应当是渐渐减弱了，trailedaway意为“减弱”，符合语境。故选A项。CHalloweenisagreattimeinthelivesofbothchildrenandadults.However，eventhebestHalloweencanberuinedbytreesfilledwithtoiletpaperandeggresidues(残渣)thatwon’twashoff.HowcanyoukeepyourhomesafeonHalloween？Therearesomemeasuresyoucantake.Makeitknownthatyou’reathome.Prankstersarelesslikelytoplayatrickiftheyknowsomeoneisathome.Youmaywanttoclosetheglassonyourscreendoorandopenyourfrontdoorsothatyoucanseeeveryonemovingaroundoutside.Thisalsoallowspranksterstoseethatyou’reathome.Turnonthelightsinsideyourhomeandoutside.Havingallthelightsonletsprankstersknowthatyou’renotonlyathome，butyou’reawake.Ifapranksterknowsyou’reawake，he’llbemorelikelytoskipyourhouseandheadforanotherone.Evenifyouneedtogetinbedearly，keepallthelightsonexceptinyourbedroom.Prankstersaren’tgoingtoknowwhichroomisyourbedroom.Askthepolicetopatrolthearea.It’sapoliceman’sjobtokeepcitizenssafe，especiallyonHalloween.InsomecitiesthecrimeratecanincreasefastonOctober31.Apolitecalltoyourlocalpolicestationshouldgetyoutheserviceyouneed.Aboveall，noprankstersaregoingtothroweggsatyourhousewhenthepolicemenarepatrollingthearea.Setupaneighborhoodwatch.OneofthebestwaystokeepyourhomesafeonHalloweenistogettheneighborsinvolved.Noonewantshistreescoveredwithtoiletpaper.Askyourneighborstokeeptheireyesopenandtofollowthesamestepsyou’vetakentohelpkeepyourhomesafe.Iftheentireneighborhoodislitup，prankstersarelesslikelytostopby9.Theunderlinedword“Pranksters”inParagraph2probablymeansthosewho.A.likeHalloweenverymuch B.playpracticaljokesonpeopleC.oftencommitacrimeatnight D.enterone’shousebyforce10.Howcanyoumakeprankstersknowyouareathomeandskip（快速溜走）yourhouse?A.Bymovingaroundoutsideyourhouse. B.Byclosingyourfrontdoor.C.Byturningoninsideandoutsidelights. D.Bystayingupandbeingawake.11.Accordingtothefourthparagraph，wecanlearn.A.apoliceman’smaintaskistopatroltheareaB.thecrimerateincreasesfastinsomecitiesC.youhavetopayforapolicemantopatrolyourareaD.thepolicemencanhelpalotwithyourhomesafetyonHalloween12.Thelastparagraphstressestheimportanceof.A.neighborhoodteamwork B.keepinghomessafeC.beingonone’sguard D.informingeveryoneofthedanger【答案】9.B10.C11.D12.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。万圣节前夕是很多人期盼的一个传统节日，但在万圣节前夕，我们的居处可能会受到一些爱搞恶作剧的人的破坏，那么我们该如何确保我们的住房平安呢?9题详解】词义揣测题。依据文章其次段“Prankstersarelesslikelytoplayatrickiftheyknowsomeoneisathome.”中的“toplayatrick”提示可揣测，pranksters指那些搞恶作剧的人，故选B。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段中心句“Turnonthelightsinsideyourhomeandoutside.(打开家里和外面的灯)”和本段内容可知，把室内、室外的灯打开可让恶作剧的人知道你在家，从而避开他们破坏你的房子。故选C。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段中心句“Askthepolicetopatrolthearea.(让警察在该地区巡逻)”和本段内容可知，在万圣节前夕，警察可以帮助你在万圣节的家里平安很多。故选D。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中心句“Setupaneighborhoodwatch.(建立一个邻里监督组织)”和本段内容可知，本段主要讲解并描述的是整个社区可以协作起来以保证住房平安。所以可以推断，最终一段强调邻里合作的重要性。故选A。DTheaverageAmericanchildspendsthreetofivehoursadaywatchingTV.In1961,theaveragechildbegantowatchtelevisionatagethree;however,todayitisninemonths.Yet,mostparentsthinkthattelevisionhasabadinfluenceontheirchildren.Forexample,intheearly1970s,myparentsbelievedthatmybadeyesightwastheresultofsittingtooclosetothescreen,andtheythereforemademystayatleastsixfeetfromit.Today,mostpeoplehavenosuchworry,butmanynewridiculous(荒谬的)sayingshaveappeared:TVmakeskidsstupid.Manychildrenwatchmoreeducationalprogrammeswhentheyarepre-schoolers.Whentheygrowup,theycanreadmorebooksandhavemuchbetterideastosolvedifficultproblemsthanotherchildren.TVmakeskidsviolent.Therealstoryisnotsosimple.HundredsofstudiesshowthatwatchingviolenceonTVmakeschildrenmoreaggressive(好斗的).Butastudyofover5,000childrenalsofindsthatsomepositiveprogrammesmakechildrenkinder.Theproblemisthatkidsareincreasinglywatchingshowswithviolenceinsteadofthosesuitablefortheirage.SittingaroundwatchingTVmakeskidsoverweight.Anexperimentfindsthatwhenchildrenwatchlesstelevision,theydoloseextraweight;however,reducingtheirtelevisiontimedoesnotmakethemmoreactive.Therealproblemliesinsnacking(吃小吃)—awidespreadhabitforkids,andjunkfoodadvertisements.TVhelpskidsgettosleep.Theoppositeistrue.Themoretelevisionchildrenwatch,themorelikelytheyaretohaveirregularsleepandnap(小睡)patterns.Allowingkidstowatchtelevisionispartoftheproblem,notthesolution.13.WhichoneistheadvantageofeducationalTVprogrammes?A.Theywillmakechildrensolvedifficultproblemsbetterthanothers.B.Theywillimprovechildren’sabilitytogetalongwithothers.C.Theyarelikelytomakechildrenmoreaggressive.D.Theywillmakesureofchildren’ssuccessinthefuture.14.WhyarechildrenspendingmuchtimewatchingTVlikelytobefat?A.WatchingTVmakeschildrenlazyandinactive.B.ChildrenareattractedbythefoodadvertisementonTV.C.WatchingTVdoesn’tburnupasmuchfatasdoingsports.D.ChildrenliketosnackwhilewatchingTV.15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toincreasepeople’sknowledgeofwatchingTV.B.TowarnparentsofthedisadvantagesofwatchingTV.C.ToexplainthebadinfluencesthatwatchingTVhasonchildren.D.Tocorrectparents’wrongideasoftelevision’seffectonchildren.【答案】13.A14.D15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了人们关于电视对孩子的影响的误会，并一一给出理由，从而订正父母关于电视对孩子的影响的错误观念。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段的Manychildrenwatchmoreeducationalprogrammeswhentheyarepreschoolers.Whentheygrowup,theycanreadmorebooksandhavemuchbetterideastosolvedifficultproblemsthanotherchildren.可知，很多儿童在学龄前看更多教化节目，他们长大后可以阅读更多书籍，比其他孩子有更多更好的办法来解决难题。由此可知，教化节目的优势在于它们会让孩子们比其他人更好地解决难题。故选A。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段的SittingaroundwatchingTVmakeskidsoverweight.Anexperimentfindsthatwhenchildrenwatchlesstelevision,theydoloseextraweight;however,reducingtheirtelevisiontimedoesnotmakethemmoreactive.Therealproblemliesinsnacking(吃小吃)—awidespreadhabitforkids,andjunkfoodadvertisements.可知，闲坐着看电视会使孩子们超重。试验发觉，当孩子们少看电视时，他们的确会减轻多余的体重；但是，削减他们看电视的时间并不能使他们更加活跃。真正的问题在于吃零食和垃圾食品广告，吃零食是孩子们普遍的一个习惯。由此推知，孩子们花大量时间看电视可能会发胖的缘由在于孩子们喜爱看电视时吃零食。故选D。【15题详解】推理推断题。通读全文可知，本文排列出人们关于电视对孩子的影响的误会，包括：电视让孩子们变得愚蠢、电视使孩子们变得暴力、看电视会使孩子们超重以及电视可以帮助孩子们入睡，并一一给出相应的理由。由此推知，本文的目的是订正父母关于电视对孩子的影响的错误观念。故选D。EEveryoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.___16___Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon'tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.___17___Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.___18___Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.___19___Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.___20___First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.A20.B【解析】本文属于说明文，鱼是健康的食物。本文介绍了购买和烹饪鱼肉的方法。【16题详解】依据横线前句Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.可知大家都知道鱼对人的健康有益。由此可知，本句进一步说明说明鱼如何对健康有益。故G选项“鱼中的脂肪被认为有助于预防心脏病”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】依据上文Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.(购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不困难)以及后文Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.(这篇文章是关于如何以一种简洁的方式购买和烹饪鱼)由此可知，上文告知我们购买存储和烹饪鱼肉并不难，只须要了解相关的学问，文章就是对如何烹饪鱼进行说明的。故D选项“须要我们了解相关的学问”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】依据后文Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean'sedge.可知簇新鱼闻起来应当很香：你要能感觉到自己就像站在海边一样。由此可知，说明本段告知我们买鱼的时候要先闻闻味道。故F选项“买鱼时，首先要闻一闻”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】依据上文Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.可知任何鱼腥味或剧烈的气味都意味着鱼不簇新。由此可知，味道浓郁的鱼不簇新，不要买。故A选项“不要买”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】依据后文First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.可知首先，清洗它，用你喜爱的香料调味。把整条鱼放在盘子里，假如重约一磅，在蒸锅里蒸8到10分钟。（大一点的要花更多的时间）然后，就可以上桌了。由此可知，后文主要在介绍用蒸的方式来烹饪鱼。故B选项“最简洁的方法是蒸”符合语境，故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless",mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe___21___isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa___22___countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking___23___forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirst___24___onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere___25___onholiday.KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,___26___atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren't___27___.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand___28___,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t___29___togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita___30___therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways___31___toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon___32___alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto___33___donations.Today,overthirtycompanies___34___donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto___35___themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer___36___newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno___37___fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t___38___moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets___39___.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea___40___intheworld.21.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea22.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy23.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions24.A.began B.met C.called D.left25.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away26.A.broughtup B.setup C.putaside D.gaveaway27.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive28.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring29.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend30.A.madesense B.foundout C.madesure D.workedout31.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near32.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending33.A.payfor B.askfor C.lookinto D.carryout34.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly35.A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend36.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects37.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support38.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect39.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused40.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时间，为那些无家可归的人做饭，供应住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份苦痛。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A.result结果;B.truth事实，真理；C.reason理由;D.idea办法。依据but可以推断后句内容和前句内容“每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家”是转折关系，前面说人们的想法，所以后面应当是事实，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.traditional传统的；B.developing发展中的；C.typical典型的；D.wealthy富有的。依据空后likeGermany推断前面是指像德国这样的典型的发达国家，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.preparations筹备；B.houses房子；C.meals餐，饭；D.suggestions建议。依据后文KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.began起先；B.met遇到；C.called打电话，叫；D.left离开。依据first可知此处指他们起先为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而燥热的夏天，故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候。A.asleep睡着的；B.alone单独的；C.across穿过；D.away离开，远去。他们是从一个漫长而燥热的夏天起先，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.broughtup提出，抚养；B.setup搭建，安装，布置，临时搭起；C.putaside放一边，储存；D.gaveaway无偿赠送，暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，由此推断他们在街上布置好桌子，选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.enough足够的；B.necessary有必要的；C.helpful帮助的；D.expensive贵的。由后句中的whatpeoplealsoneed…（人们还须要的是）可知，此处应当表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.fame名望；B.freedom自由；C.courage志气；D.caring关切.从and前面的warmth推断选A。句意：他们还须要温温煦关怀。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.hesitate迟疑；B.agree同意；C.pretend假装；D.intend准备，想要。穆勒夫妇倾尽全部去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此推断他们是坚决果断地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告知他们随时给他打电话。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。句意：Rita确保家里有人接电话。A.madesense讲得通；B.foundout弄清晰； C.madesure确保；D.workedout计算出。结合上文Muller一家总是情愿把电话号码给街上的人并告知他们随时可以打电话，可知Rita要确保家里有接电话的人，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.open开放的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.noisy嘈杂的，吵闹的；D.near旁边的。由上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时放开着的。beopento意为“对某人是放开的；对……开放”，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。A.costing花费；B.wasting奢侈；C.taking带走；D.spending花费。.穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人）钱数；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it，常用句式是：Ittakessbsometimetodosth。spend花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sbspendssometime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth.。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：于是Kurt参观了食物和服装公司来要求捐赠。A.payfor付款；B.askfor要求；恳求；C.lookinto调查；D.carryout实现。从上下文可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去恳求捐助，选B。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.completely完全地，完整地；B.calmly镇静地，安静地；C.regularly常常性地，定期；D.roughly大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，其他不符合语境，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.advertise做广告；B.sell卖出；C.deliver发送、发表；D.lend借给。从语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物品，选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.donates捐赠；B.produces生产；C.designs设计；D.collects收集。依据语境推断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋，故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.permission许可；B.payment酬劳，付款；C.direction；方向D.support支持。依据后句中的“andparentsshouldn't53moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到酬劳，选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.borrow借；B.raise提高；C.save保存；D.expect期望。从语境可以推断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应当因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。其他动词不符合句意，故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.surprised惊异；B.excited兴奋；C.tired累的；D.amused逗乐。依据后面的主句内容可以推断尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会接着这工作，故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：她会接着工作下去，因为她喜爱能够在世界上发挥自己作用的感觉。A.sell卖出；B.difference差异；C.decision确定；D.rule规则。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了变更，makeadifference“有影响，起作用”，选B。语法填空Moreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregoingtoallkindsoftrainingclassesor___41___(have)familyteachersatweekends.Therearetwodifferentviewpointsonit.Somethink___42___necessary.Firstofall，it’smore___43___(effect)tostudywithateacher___44___bythemselves.Secondly，itcanstrengthen___45___theyhavelearntinclass.Besides，theycanlearnalotmore.Othersthinkit___46___(necessary)．Foronething，studentscaneasilyformthehabitofdependence.For___47___，studentsneedtimetorelaxfromtimetotime.What’smore，thepurposeofmanytrainingclassesandfamilyteachersis___48___(make)money.Inmyopinion，whetheratrainingclassorfamilyteacheris___49___(need)justdepends.Dobesuretochooseagoodandsuitableclassorteacher.Otherwiseitwouldbe____50____wasteoftimeandmoney.【答案】41.having42.it43.effective44.than45.what46.unnecessary47.another48.tomake49.needed50.a【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章主要探讨了对参与各种培训班或请家教的看法。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的中学生在周末参与各种培训班或请家教。分析句子结构，设空处和training并列，需填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填having。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：有人认为这是必要的。分析句子结构，“think+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，设空处需填代词it指代上文中提到的“学生参与培训班或者请家教“这件事。故填it。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：首先，跟老师学习比自己学习更有效。is为系动词，设空处需填形容词作表语。故填effective。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：首先，跟老师学习比自己学习更有效。依据上文的moreeffective，可知本句话运用了形容词比较级，设空处需填介词than引出比较的对象。故填than。【45题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：其次，它可以加强他们在课堂上学到的东西。分析句子结构，设空处位于动词strengthen后面，引导宾语从句，从句中动词learnt后面缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：其他人认为没有必要。此处跟上文“Somethinkitnecessary”是相对立的观点，需填形容词“没有必要的”作补语。故填unnecessary。【47题详解】考查不定代词。句意：另一方面，学生须要时间来放松。Foronething…，Foranother…为固定结构，意为“一方面……，另一方面”。故填another。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，很多培训班和家庭老师的目的是赚钱。is为系动词，设空处缺少表语，表语对应的主语是thepurpose，需用动词不定式作表语。故填tomake。【49题详解】考查被动语态。句意：在我看来，是否须要培训班或家庭老师就看状况了。分析句子结构，atrainingclassorfamilyteacher和need为被动关系，设空处需填过去分词形式和is形成一般现在时的被动语态。故填needed。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意：否则就会奢侈时间和金钱。awasteoftime为固定短语，意为“奢侈时间”。故填a。51.短文改错DearMom，I'mnowintheUnitedStates,acountrysodifferentlyfromChina.Everythingisfreshbutinteresting!Ihavemadesomefriendsthereandtheyareverykind.Still,youknowhowmuchImissyouandyourcooking.Themerethoughtofthedishesyoupreparemakesmymouthtowater.Myfriendshadsomestrangewaysofdescribingtheirhungry.Forinstance，“Icaneatahorse！”It'salittleconfused,hmm?I'malsosendingyouafewrecordofourdailyconversations,fromthatyoucanhearrealAmericanEnglish.ItmaybeusefultoyouasEnglishteacher.【答案】1.differently→different2.but→and3.there→here4.删掉to