湖南中医药大学课程考试试卷

湖南中医药大学课程考试试卷（1）间隔线是什么的病变Septallinerepresentpathologicalchangeof（）[单选题]*A.肺泡pulmonaryalveoliB.肺实质pulmonaryparenchymaC.肺间质pulmonaryinterstitium(正确答案)D.段支气管segmentalbronchi（2）大叶肺炎红肝变期特点Characteristicsoftheredliverstageoflobarpneumonia（）[单选题]*A.大片实变与叶,段一致，叶间裂向心移位Theconsolidationisconsistentwithlobeandsegment,andthelungfissureiscentripetalB.大叶实变与段叶形状一致,内有树枝状透亮影Theconsolidationisconsistentwiththethesegment,withadendritictranslucentshadow(正确答案)C.与灰肝变期征象不同ItisdifferentfromgrayliverstageD.仅见肺纹理增强Onlyenhancedlungmarkingswasseen（3）右图所示为那叶的病变Whichlobeisinvolvedinthepictureontheright（）[单选题]*A.右上叶rightupperlobe(正确答案)B.右中叶rightmiddleloveC.右下叶rightlowerlobeD.左舌叶leftlingualsegment（4）一患者58岁，男，30年吸烟史右上肺呈大片状实质变影并伴发热，咳血丝痰，体温38℃，经抗炎治疗后右上肺大片影吸收，发热控制，遂停药，约1周后患者又出现右上叶片状影及发热，则患者的病变可能是A58-year-oldmalepatientwithasmokinghistoryof30yearsshowedlargepatchyparenchymalshadowoftherightupperlungaccompaniedbyfever,hemoptysisandsputum,andbodytemperatureis38℃.Afteranti-inflammatorytreatment,largeshadowoftherightupperlungwasabsorbed,feverwascontrolled,andthedrugwasstopped.About1weeklater,thepatientagainshowedblade-likeshadowandfeveroftherightupperlung,sothediagnosiscouldbe（）[单选题]*A.大叶性肺炎

lobarpneumoniaB.小叶性肺炎

lobularpneumoniaC.肺结核pulmonarytuberculosisD.肺癌lungcancer(正确答案)（5）消化系统钡剂造影方法可观察的病变Whichoptionbelowcanbeobservedbybariumstudyofthedigestivesystem（）[单选题]*A.粘膜的病变lesionsofthemucosa(正确答案)B.消化道肌层的轻微病变subtlelesionofthemuscularlayerofthealimentarycanalC.浆膜的病变LesionsoftheserousmembraneD.肝脏的病变Lesionsoftheliver（6）食道的串珠状变化是由于Thebeadedchangesintheesophagusaredueto（）[单选题]*A.食道静脉的曲张Varicesoftheesophagealvein(正确答案)B.食道粘膜中断ThemucosaoftheesophagusisinterruptedC.食道癌oesophagealcarcinomaD.食道的溃疡Ulcerationoftheesophagus(7)下面哪种方法属于造影剂间接引入(即通过生理聚集而达到造影目的)Whichofthefollowingmethodsistheindirectintroductionofthecontrastagent(i.e.,byphysiologicalaggregation)（）[单选题]*A静脉肾盂造影IVP(intravenouspyelogram)(正确答案)B冠脉造影coronaryangiogramC支气管造影

bronchographyD胃肠钡餐造影gastrointestinalbarium(8)小儿骨关节X光片见2个骨头间隙很宽，下列对的是Thechild'sjointX-rayshowsawidespacebetweenthetwobones.Whichoptionbelowiscorrect?（）[单选题]*A.小儿关节间隙大ChildrenhavelargejointspaceB.小儿骨密度低ThebonestructureofChildrenisoflowdensityC.小儿骨端有骨骺Childrenhaveepiphysisattheendofbone(正确答案)D.骨端为软组织Boneendsaresofttissue.(9)死骨可见于Sequestrumcanbeseeninpatientwith（）[单选题]*A.甲状腺功能亢进hyperthyroidismB.骨肉瘤osteosarcomaC.退行性变degenerationD.骨结核osseoustuberculosis(正确答案)(10)下列病变X光平片肯定观察不到的是WhichonebelowcancertainlynotbeobservedonplainX-rayfilms（）[单选题]*A.上颌窦炎症积液InflammatoryeffusioninmaxillarysinusB.额叶脑梗塞Frontallobeinfarction(正确答案)C.松果体钙化pinealcalculusD.颅骨骨折fractureofskull(11)一急诊疑诊十二指肠穿孔的病人，首选何种检查方法?Whatisthepreferredexaminationmethodforapatientsuspectedofduodenalperforationinemergencydepartment（）[单选题]*A透视或腹部平片Fluoroscopyorplainradiographoftheabdomen(正确答案)B胃肠钡餐gastrointestinalbariumexaminationC钡剂灌肠bariumenemaD静脉造影phlebography(12)膀胱癌有定性价值的X线表现应包括：QualitativeX-rayfindingsofbladdercancershouldinclude（）[单选题]*A、膀胱区充盈缺损，边缘不齐Bladderareafillingdefectwithunevenmargin(正确答案)B、肾盂积水hydronephrosisC、膀胱壁僵直，膀胱体积缩小BladderwallstiffenedandbladdervolumereducedD、膀胱结石bladderstone(13)透视下发现肺门“舞蹈”，提示：The"dance"ofhilumoflungwasfoundunderfluoroscopy,suggesting:（）[单选题]*A肺淤血pulmonaryvenouspleonaemiaB肺血减少decreasingpulmonoarybloodC肺水肿pulmonaryedemaD肺充血pulmonarycongestion(正确答案)(14)下列不可引起关节间隙变窄的是Whichdiseasebelowdonotcausenarrowingofjointspace(D)[单选题]*A.关节结核ArticulartuberculosisB.化脓性关节炎pyogenicarthritisC.骨性关节炎osteoarthritisD.关节腔积液intra-articulareffusion(正确答案)(15)骨肉瘤的骨质改变征象，不包括Whichoptionbelowisnotthebonychangeofosteosarcoma（）[单选题]*A.骨质内低密度区TheareaoflowdensityintheboneB.骨质硬化改变osteosclerosisC.骨质内低密度伴骨皮质边缘线状影IntraosseoushypodensitywithlinearshadowsatthemarginofbonecortexD.分隔状低密度区，边界清晰Low-densityareaswithclearboundaries.(正确答案)(16)某小儿4岁，男，低热盗汗20天，伴咳嗽听诊有湿罗音。呼吸音降低。PPD(+++)。X线见右中野斑片状影，右肺门可见结节状突出影，诊A4-year-oldboy,male,hadlowfeverandnightsweatfor20days,accompaniedbycoughandstethoscopywithmoistrales,respiratory

sounds

were

weakened.PPD(+++).X-rayshowedpatchyshadowintherightmiddlefieldandnodularprojectionintherighthilum.Whatisthecorrectdiagnosis（）[单选题]*A.原发综合征primarycomplex(正确答案)B.中心型肺癌，伴阻塞性肺炎CentrallungcancerwithobstructivepneumoniaC.周围肺癌伴肺门转移PeripherallungcancerwithhilarmetastasisD.肺炎pneumonia(17)CT增强扫描是Contrast-enhancedCTscanis（）[单选题]*A.改变病变血流量，从而使之显示清晰Changethebloodflowofthelesionsothatitisclearlyvisible.B.就是将对比剂引入肿块内使肿块密度高于周围组织TheideaistointroduceacontrastagentintothemasstomakeitdenserthanthesurroundingtissueC.使病变与周围组织产生人工对比Theideaistointroduceacontrastagentintohumanbody,sothatthereisartificialcontrastbetweenlesionandthesurroundingtissue.(正确答案)D.一般用口服法引入对比剂Contrastagentsareusuallyintroducedorally.(18)下列不属于介入治疗的是Whichonebelowdoesnotbelongtointerventionaltherapy（）[单选题]*A.肝Ca的栓塞治疗EmbolizationtherapyofhepaticCa.B.脑血管瘤栓塞Endovascular

embolization

ofintracranial

aneurysms.C.冠脉的扩张术percutaneoustransluminalcoronaryangioplasty。D.肝Ca的增强CT扫描EnhancedCTscanofliverCa.(正确答案)(19)肺部急性炎症的病理变化为Thepathologicalchangeofacutepulmonaryinflammationis（）[单选题]*A.增生proliferationB．渗出exudation(正确答案)C．空洞cavityD．纤维化fibrosisE．钙化calcification(20)患者30岁，述膝关节间歇性隐痛，肿胀半年多，查胫骨上端内侧肿胀，触之有乒乓球感，在x片上胫骨上端内侧呈膨胀性皂泡样骨质破坏，横径大于纵径，诊断为：30yearsoldpatient,withintermittentdullpainandswellingofthekneeformorethanhalfayear.Theupperandmedialaspectoftibiawasfoundtobeswollenandfeltasaping-pongball.OntheX-ray,theupperandmedialaspectoftibiashowedexpansivesoap-foambonedestruction,withthetransversediameterlargerthanthelongitudinaldiameter.ThemostlikelyDiagnosisis:(

)[单选题][单选题]*Ａ.骨囊肿bonecystＢ.动脉瘤样骨囊肿aneurysmalbonecystＣ.软骨母细胞瘤chondroblastomaＤ.溶骨型骨肉瘤OsteolyticosteosarcomaＥ.骨巨细胞瘤giant-celltumorofbone(正确答案)21、肺空洞是包括薄壁（壁厚mm以下），和厚壁空洞，虫蚀状空洞多见于。Pulmonarycavitiesarecomposedofthin-walled(wallthicknessbelow______mm),andthick-walledcavities.Worm-eatencavitiesaremorecommonin_________.[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案22、肺Ca分周围型和中心型：中心型的主要征象是、、、。LungCAisdividedintoperipheraltypeandcentraltype:themainsignsofcentraltypeare_________,_________,_________,and_________.[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案空3答案：请设置答案空4答案：请设置答案23．儿童骨折特点是易发生：和。Fractureinchildrenischaracterizedbysusceptibilityto:_________and_________.[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案24．风心病二尖瓣狭窄时心影是型；高心病心影是型。Heartshadowinrheumaticheartdiseasewithmitralvalvestenosisis_________

type;hypertensiveheartdiseaseis

____________type.[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案25．病理上，前列腺癌99%为癌，多发生在区。Pathologically,99%prostatecanceris______

；Itoccursmostlyinthe____________zone[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案26．脂肪瘤MRI信号特点是T1WI上呈信号；T2WI上呈信号。MRIsignaloflipomaischaracterizedby_____________

signalonT1WI,____________signalonT2WI.[填空题]*空1答案：请设置答案空2答案：请设置答案27、急性化脓性关节炎愈合后多见纤维性关节强直。Fibrousankylosisismorecommoninacutepyogenicarthritisafterhealing.（）[判断题]*对错(正确答案)28、食道静脉曲张的食管壁柔软而伸缩自如，是与食道癌的重要鉴别点。Thesoftandflexibleesophagealwallofesophagealvaricoseveinsisanimportant

differentiatorfromesophagealcancer.（）[判断题]*对(正确答案)错29、肝癌在CT增强扫描时，病灶中对比剂呈“快进快出”的特点。DuringCTenhancedscanningoflivercancer,contrastagentsinthelesionshowedthecharacteristicof"fastinandfastwashout".（）[判